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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 122(3): e202310178, jun. 2024. ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1555003

RESUMO

La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es una expresión de células dendríticas mieloides, asociada a un componente inflamatorio significativo y compromiso sistémico variado. La edad más frecuente de presentación es entre 1 y 4 años, y predomina en el sexo masculino. Se comunica el caso de un niño de 5 años de edad cuya forma de presentación fue una lesión granulomatosa con fístula perianal, afectación pulmonar y de oído externo. El abordaje interdisciplinario permitió llegar al diagnóstico, realizar las intervenciones necesarias e iniciar el tratamiento adecuado.


Langerhans cell histiocytosis is an expression of myeloid dendritic cells, associated with a significant inflammatory component and varied systemic involvement. The most common age at presentation is between 1 and 4 years, and it prevails among male subjects. Here we describe the case of a 5-year-old boy who presented with a granulomatous lesion with perianal fistula and lung and external ear involvement. An interdisciplinary approach helped to make a diagnosis, provide the necessary interventions, and start an adequate treatment.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/complicações , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38901610

RESUMO

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a myeloid neoplasm characterized by clonal neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans-type dendritic cells associated with an inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of lymphocytes and eosinophils. In this article, we present an unusual case of LCH with significant swelling in the left lacrimal sac region in a 3-year-old child, clinically mimicking acute dacryocystitis. Microscopically, it showed intense inflammatory infiltrate and histiocytes with irregular nuclei. The tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, CD1a, and CD207 (langerin). Molecular study was positive for the V600E/E2/D mutation (EXON 15). This case emphasizes the importance of careful clinical, radiographic, and microscopic evaluation, as some neoplasms may mimic common benign lesions.

3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 87(5): e2022, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527845

RESUMO

ABSTRACT A 42-year-old woman presented with bilateral proptosis, chemosis, leg pain, and vision loss. Orbital, chorioretinal, and multi-organ involvement of Erdheim-Chester disease, a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis, with a negative BRAF mutation was diagnosed based on clinical, radiological, and pathological findings. Interferon-alpha-2a (IFNα-2a) was started, and her clinical condition improved. However, 4 months later, she had vision loss with a history of IFNα-2a cessation. The same therapy was administered, and her clinical condition improved. The Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare chronic histiocytic proliferative disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach and can be fatal if left untreated because of multisystemic involvements.


RESUMO Uma mulher de 42 anos apresentou proptose bi-lateral, quemose, dor nas pernas e perda de visão. Com base em achados clínicos, radiológicos e patológicos, foi diag-nosticada doença de Erdheim-Chester com acometimento orbitário, coriorretiniano e multiorgânico. Trata-se de uma rara histiocitose não Langerhans negativa para a mutação BRAF. Foi iniciado tratamento com interferon alfa-2a (IFNα-2a) e o quadro clínico melhorou. No entanto, quatro meses depois, a paciente apresentou perda visual após a cessação do IFNα-2a. A mesma terapia foi administrada novamente e sua condição clínica melhorou novamente. A doença de Erdheim-Chester é uma doença proliferativa histiocítica crônica rara que necessita de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e pode ser fatal se não tratada, devido a envolvimentos multissistêmicos.

4.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 36(3): 156-162, Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533521

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease with unknown etiology. It presents as single-system (affecting a single organ or tissue) or as multisystem (with or without risk organ involvement). The oral cavity may be involved or be the site of the first manifestation Aim To describe, group, and determine the frequency of oral lesions in pediatric patients with LCH, and to relate these lesions to age and the different disease subtypes Materials and Method Clinical and radiographic examinations were used to evaluate 95 patients diagnosed with LCH, aged 0 to 16 years, who were referred to the Department of Comprehensive Pediatric Dentistry at the School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires. Clinical histories were prepared and informed consents obtained. Lesions were diagnosed by observation, palpation and biopsies, and grouped according to affected tissues into bone, mucosal, and bone-mucosal Results 42.1% presented oral lesions, and in 14.73%, these lesions were the first manifestation of LCH. Ninety percent presented only bone lesions, while the remaining 10% presented bone-mucosal and mucosal lesions. In the single-system subtype, 52.5% presented bone lesions. In the multisystem subtypes (with or without risk organs), all three types of lesions were found. The association between age at which LCH was diagnosed and oral tissue involvement showed that bone-mucosal lesions occur in young children (average age 1.4 years) diagnosed with multisystem LCH. Oral mucosa was only affected in reactivations of the disease Conclusions A high frequency of oral lesions was observed, which were sometimes the first manifestation of the disease, most often affecting bone tissue. Dentists can play an active role in the initial diagnosis of the disease.


RESUMEN La Histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (LCH) (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) es una enfermedad de etiología aún desconocida. Se presenta en forma unisistémica (afecta un solo órgano o tejido) o multisistémica (con o sin órganos de riesgo afectados). La cavidad bucal puede estar comprometida o ser el sitio de la primera manifestación Objetivo describir, agrupar y determinar la frecuencia de las lesiones bucales de pacientes pediátricos con LCH, relacionarlas con la edad y los diferentes subtipos de la enfermedad Materiales y Método se evaluaron mediante exámenes clínicos y radiográficos 95 pacientes entre 0 y 16 años con diagnóstico de LCH, derivados a la Cátedra de Odontología Integral Niños, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Se confeccionaron historias clínicas y se obtuvieron los consentimientos informados. Las lesiones fueron diagnosticadas a través de observación, palpación y biopsias, y se agruparon según los tejidos afectados en óseo, mucoso y óseo-mucoso Resultados el 42.1% presentó lesiones bucales y en el 14.73% estas fueron la primera manifestación de LCH. El 90% mostró solo lesiones óseas, mientras que en el 10 % restante se observaron lesiones óseo-mucosas y mucosas. En el subtipo unisistémico el 52.5% presentó lesiones óseas. En los subtipos multisistémicos, "con" o "sin" órganos de riesgo, se hallaron los tres tipos de lesiones. La relación entre la edad de diagnóstico de LCH y el compromiso de tejidos bucales evidenció que las lesiones óseo-mucosas ocurren en niños pequeños (edad promedio 1.4 años) con diagnóstico de LCH multisistémica. La mucosa bucal solo se vio afectada en las reactivaciones de la enfermedad Conclusiones Se observó una alta frecuencia de lesiones bucales, siendo en ocasiones la primera manifestación de la enfermedad, afectando con mayor frecuencia al tejido óseo. El odontólogo puede desempeñar un rol activo en el diagnóstico inicial de la enfermedad.

5.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 25(100): 399-404, Oct.-Dic. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228828

RESUMO

Granuloma eosinófilo es la variante más frecuente de histiocitosis de células de Langerhans. La mayoría de las lesiones ocurren en cráneo, costillas, columna vertebral o huesos largos, y pueden ser únicas o múltiples. El tratamiento depende del lugar de la afectación y del número de lesiones. Las opciones terapéuticas incluyen un agente único con prednisona, la combinación de vinblastina y prednisona, curetaje de las lesiones óseas o instilación intralesional de esteroides. Indometacina parece ser efectiva como tratamiento de lesiones de histiocitosis de células de Langerhans del hueso en niños y es bien tolerada. Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 4 años de edad con afectación de 2 huesos del cuerpo, cráneo y vértebra, tratado con curetaje de la lesión craneal e indometacina oral durante 19 meses, con completa curación de las lesiones y sin recurrencia 4 meses después de suspenderla. Concluimos que indometacina parece ser efectiva en el tratamiento de lesiones óseas de histiocitosis de células de Langerhans en niños, evitando otras terapias más agresivas. (AU)


Eosinophilic granuloma of the bone is the most common variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Most of the lesions occur in the skull, ribs, spine or long bones and may be single or multiple. Therapy is generally chosen based on the site involved and the number of lesions. Treatment options include single agent with prednisone, the combination of vinblastine and prednisone, curettage of bone lesions or intralesional steroids injection. Indomethacin seems to be effective in treating isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the bone in children and is generally well-tolerated. We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with involvement of 2 bones, skull and vertebra, treated with curettage of the skull and indomethacin for 19 months. There was complete healing of the lesions at the end of the treatment and no evidence of recurrence 4 months post-treatment. We conclude that indomethacin seems to be effective in the treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the bone in children, avoiding more aggressive therapies. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Indometacina/administração & dosagem , Indometacina/uso terapêutico , Granuloma Eosinófilo/diagnóstico por imagem , Granuloma Eosinófilo/terapia , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans
6.
Pediatr. catalan ; 83(3): 101-105, Juliol - Setembre 2023. ilus
Artigo em Catalão | IBECS | ID: ibc-227793

RESUMO

Fonament. La histiocitosi de cèl·lules de Langerhans (HCL) és una malaltia caracteritzada per l’acumulació anormal decèl·lules del sistema monociticomacrofàgic, amb una presentació clínica molt variable. Sovint, atesa la gran variabilitat clínica d’aquesta entitat, es fan diagnòstics tardansque repercuteixen en el pronòstic.Objectiu. Descriure les principals manifestacions clíniquesde l’histiocitosi de cèl·lules de Langerhans (HCL) en unhospital de tercer nivell els darrers catorze anys. Mètode. Estudi observacional, descriptiu i retrospectiu delscasos d’HCL tractats a l’Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron.Criteris d’inclusió: edat dels participants (de 0 dies fins a 18anys), període d’estudi (2006-2021) i diagnòstic de la malaltia, basat en el diagnòstic clínic o la confirmació histològica. Mitjançant la revisió d’històries clíniques es van registrar variables demogràfiques (edat i sexe), clíniques (formade presentació, manifestacions inicials, evolució i recaigudes) i troballes rellevants en les proves complementàries. Resultats. Es van revisar 55 casos diagnosticats d’HCL. Lamitjana d’edat de presentació va ser 4,5 anys (RI 1-8), ambpredomini del sexe masculí (3:1). El motiu de consulta mésfreqüent ha estat l’aparició d’una tumoració (20%, sobretota la zona cranial), seguit per dolor ossi (14,5%), polidípsiai poliúria (9,1%), torticoli (9,1%), coixesa, exantema cutanii febre (7,3% cadascuna). Basant-nos en la classificacióLCH-IV, la majoria es van classificar com a unisistèmiques(71%) enfront de les multisistèmiques (29%). Conclusions. L’HCL és una malaltia poc freqüent en pediatria, però amb un espectre clínic ampli que comportadiagnòstics tardans associats a complicacions. Té molta importància conèixer aquesta entitat i les seves manifestacionsprincipals. (AU)


Fundamento. La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) es una enfermedad caracterizada por la acumulación anormal de células del sistema monocítico-macrofágico, con una presentación clínica muy variable. A menudo, dada la gran variabilidad clínica de esta entidad, se realizan diagnósticos tardíos que repercuten ensu pronóstico. Objetivo. Describir las principales manifestaciones clínicas de la histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) en un hospital de tercer nivel en los últimos 14 años. Método. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de los casos de HCL tratados en el Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Criterios de inclusión: edad de los participantes (de 0 días de vida hasta 18 años), período de estudio (2006-2021) y diagnóstico dela enfermedad, basado en el diagnóstico clínico o la confirmación histológica. Mediante la revisión de historias clínicas, se registraron variables demográficas (edad y sexo), clínicas (forma de presentación, manifestaciones iniciales, evolución y recaídas) y hallazgos relevantes en las pruebas complementarias. Resultados. Se revisaron 55 casos diagnosticados de HCL. La media de edad de presentación fue 4,5 años (RI 1-8), con predominio del sexo masculino (3:1). El motivo de consulta más frecuente ha sido la aparición de una tumoración (20%, sobre todo a nivel craneal), seguido por dolor óseo (14,5%), polidipsia y poliuria(9,1%), tortícolis (9,1%), cojera, exantema cutáneo y fiebre(7,3% cada una). Basándonos en la clasificación LCH-IV, la mayor parte se clasificaron como unisistémicas (71%) frente a las multisistémicas (29%). Conclusiones. La HCL es una enfermedad poco frecuente en pediatría pero con un amplio espectro clínico que comporta diagnósticos tardíos asociados a complicaciones. Resulta de gran importancia conocer a esta entidad y sus principales manifestaciones. (AU)


Background. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cells of the monocytemacrophage system. Its clinical presentation is highly variable, which can lead to late diagnosis and worse outcomes.Objective. To describe the main clinical manifestations of LCH in atertiary hospital in the last 14 years. Method. Observational, descriptive, and retrospective study of children with LCH treated at the Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron.Inclusion criteria: age of the participants (0 days of life and up to18 years), study period (2006-2021) and diagnosis of the diseasebased on clinical diagnosis or histological confirmation. We recorded demographic variables (age and sex), clinical characteristics(form of presentation, initial manifestations, evolution, and relapses), and relevant findings in diagnostic tests. Results. 55 children diagnosed with LCH were reviewed. The meanage at presentation was 4.5 years (IR 1-8), with a predominanceof males (3:1). The most frequent reason for consultation was the appearance of a lump (20%, especially at the cranial level), followed by bone pain (14.5%), polydipsia and polyuria (9.1%), torticollis (9.1%), and limping, skin rash, and fever (7.3% each). Based on the LCH-IV classification, most were classified as singlesystem (71%) versus multi-system (29%). Conclusions. LCH is a rare disease in pediatrics but with a wideclinical spectrum that can lead to late diagnoses and subsequentcomplications. It is of great importance to know this entity and itsmain manifestations. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Histiocitose de Células não Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitose de Células não Langerhans/terapia , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/terapia , Células de Langerhans , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha , Pediatria
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 151(5)mayo 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1560216

RESUMO

La Histiocitosis de Células de Langerhans (HCL) es una enfermedad poco común caracterizada por la proliferación clonal de células dendríticas inmaduras que infiltran de forma local o difusa a distintos sistemas, y que afecta principalmente a niños. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 38 años con historia de caída de múltiples piezas dentales de larga data, sin asociación a traumatismo, tabaquismo ni a mala higiene dental. Tomografía Computada (TC) de cráneo que mostró múltiples lesiones líticas mandibulares. El resultado de biopsia mandibular e inmunohistoquímica eran compatibles con el hallazgo de HCL. Durante su evolución, cursa con poliuria, polidipsia y nicturia, confirmando mediante estudio hormonal diabetes insípida y panhipopituitarismo. Resonancia Magnética (RM) cerebral muestra neoplasia hipotalámica con compromiso infundibular e imagen sugerente de granuloma hipofisiario. Se decide defocación maxilobucofacial, suplementación hormonal, junto con quimioterapia y radioterapia. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente.


Langerhans-cells Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by the clonal proliferation of immature dendritic cells that locally or diffusely infiltrate different systems, mainly affecting children. We present the case of a 38-year-old man with a long-standing history of multiple tooth loss without association with trauma, smoking, or poor dental hygiene. Skull computed tomography (CT) showed multiple lytic jaw lesions. Jaw biopsy and immunohistochemical results were compatible with the finding of LCH. The patient evolved with polyuria, polydipsia, and nocturia, confirming the presence of diabetes insipidus and panhypopituitarism through hormonal studies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain shows a hypothalamic neoplasm with infundibular involvement and an image suggestive of a pituitary granuloma. The treatment consisted of maxillobuccofacial defocusing, hormonal supplementation, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy with favorable evolution.

8.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 45(1): 41-45, ene.-mar. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-220277

RESUMO

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease caused by uncontrolled proliferation and accumulation of immature bone marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells. It is common in the pediatric population under 15 years of age and usually affects bones such as the skull, femur and mandibular body. This study presents the case of a 6-year-old female patient, with a bone lesion in the right mandibular ramus and condyle at an unusual location. A sample of the pathological tissue was taken by intraoral endoscopy to avoid comorbidities and esthetic sequelae. After a joint medical evaluation, the lesion was diagnosed as a monofocal LCH with special site involvement, establishing a single systemic treatment with indomethacin, as opposed to the chemotherapy regimen recommended by the International Histiocyte Society, in order to reduce the adverse effects of the latter. Two months after the beginning of the pharmacological treatment, reosification of the affected area was observed, with no recurrences after the end of the treatment. (AU)


La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (LCH) es una afección rara originada por proliferación y acumulación descontrolada de células dendríticas mieloides inmaduras derivadas de la médula ósea. Su presentación es común en población pediátrica menor a 15 años, y suele afectar a huesos como el cráneo, fémur y cuerpo mandibular.En esta publicación se presenta el caso de un paciente de género femenino de 6 años, con lesión ósea en rama y cóndilo mandibular derecho de localización poco frecuente. Destaca la toma de muestra del tejido patológico mediante vía endoscópica intraoral con el fin de evitar comorbilidades y secuelas estéticas. Después de una evaluación médica conjunta, se diagnosticó como LCH monofocal con compromiso de sitio especial, estableciendo un tratamiento único de forma sistémica con indometacina, diferente a la quimioterapia recomendada por la Sociedad Internacional de Histiocitosis, de tal forma que disminuya los efectos adversos de esta. Se observó a los 2 meses de iniciado el tratamiento farmacológico reosificación de la zona afectada y sin recidivas posterior al término de este. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/tratamento farmacológico , Osso e Ossos/lesões , Indometacina
9.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2023. 38 p. ilus.
Tese em Português | BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1437838

RESUMO

A Histiocitose de células de Langerhans (HCL) é uma doença caracterizada pela proliferação anormal dessas células dentríticas em um tecido, que podem acometer uma única estrutura ou órgão ou ainda ocorrer simultaneamente em mais de uma região. Na cavidade oral geralmente a HCL pode se apresentar como uma hipertrofia gengival e ulceração da mucosa, provocando dor, edema, mobilidade, perda dentária, e destruição do tecido ósseo da maxila e da mandíbula. O objetivo desse trabalho foi de reportar a evolução clínica de um caso de HCL com lesões maxilo-mandibulares em uma paciente adulta. A paciente de 27 anos, feoderma, sexo feminino, foi admitida na Clínica de Estomatologia e Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial do Hospital Metropolitano Odilon Behrens (HMOB), onde foi diagnosticada com HCL. Houveram cinco manifestações da doença desde 2012 até 2022, sendo todas restritas ao tecido ósseo e se estendendo aos tecidos moles mucogengivais, acometendo duas vezes a mandíbula, duas vezes a maxila, e uma vez na região occiptal do crânio, este último caso tratado pela neurologia. A paciente foi submetida ao tratamento cirúrgico e quimioterápico. O tratamento cirúrgico consistiu na exérese das manifestações da HCL em mandíbula e maxila, sendo que na mandíbula E, foi realizada a ressecção segmentar com margem de segurança após fratura patológica da mandíbula. No momento a paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento pelas clínicas de Cirurgia BMF e Médica Oncológica, realizando novo regime quimioterápico, devido a constantes recidivas. A HCL pode apresentar aspectos clínicos e radiográficos comuns a outras patologias que são encontrados com frequência na clínica odontológica, portanto, é de extrema importância que o cirurgião dentista saiba reconhecer as características clínicas e imaginológicas que possam sugerir o diagnóstico de HCL para melhor conduzir o caso afim de se obter o diagnóstico precoce dessa patologia.


Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease characterized by the abnormal proliferation of these dendritic cells in a tissue, which can affect a single structure or organ or even occur simultaneously in more than one region. In the oral cavity, LCH can usually present as gingival hypertrophy and mucosal ulceration, causing pain, swelling, mobility, tooth loss, and destruction of bone tissue in the maxilla and mandible. The objective of this work was to report the clinical evolution of a case of LCH with maxillomandibular lesions in an adult patient. The patient of 27 years old, female, feoderm, was admitted to the Clinic of Stomatology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Metropolitan Hospital Odilon Behrens (MHOB), where she was diagnosed with LCH. There were five manifestations of the disease from 2012 to 2022, all of which were restricted to bone tissue and extended to mucogingival soft tissues, affecting twice the mandible, twice the maxilla, and once in the occipital region of the skull, the latter case treated by neurology. The patient underwent surgical and chemotherapy treatment. The surgical treatment consisted of the excision of the manifestations of LCH in the mandible and maxilla, and in left mandible, segmental resection was performed after a pathological fracture of the mandible. At the moment, the patient is being followed up by the BMF Surgery and Medical Oncology clinics, undergoing a new chemotherapy regimen, due to constant recurrences. LCH can present clinical and radiographic aspects common to other pathologies that are frequently found in the dental practice, therefore, It is extremely important that the dental surgeon knows how to recognize the clinical and imaging characteristics that may suggest the diagnosis of LCH in order to better manage the case in order to obtain an early diagnosis of this pathology.


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Doenças Raras , Traumatismos Maxilofaciais
10.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 45(3): 128-131, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228815

RESUMO

La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) es una enfermedad poco común con una tasa estimada de 1 caso por millón anualmente en adultos. En el sistema de clasificación actual, la HCL se clasifica según el grado de afectación de los órganos. Clínicamente, la cabeza y el cuello están afectados en casi el 90 % de los casos y pueden ser las únicas zonas afectadas. El maxilar y la mandíbula se ven afectados entre un 5 y un 10 % de los casos. En cuanto al diagnóstico, cuando se aprecia patología periodontal avanzada con movilidad dentaria y lesiones quísticas líticas en las pruebas de imagen, la HCL debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de dicha patología, pero el diagnóstico definitivo se realiza mediante estudio histológico e inmunohistoquímico. Presentamos un caso inusual de HCL que afecta simultáneamente al maxilar y a la mandíbula con una alta reabsorción ósea y patología periodontal de rápida evolución. Los síntomas que presentó la paciente simulaban patología periodontal y periapical. Tras analizar las muestras enviadas al servicio de anatomía patología, se diagnosticó HCL crónica y multifocal. El paciente fue tratado con legrado óseo, extracción dental y corticoides intralesionales. La HCL puede simular diferentes tipos de patologías periodontales que afectan al hueso maxilar o mandibular y estas deben ser diagnosticadas tempranamente mediante el envío de muestras al servicio de anatomía patológica. Además, es necesario realizar un correcto estudio de extensión porque su pronóstico cambia notablemente si afecta a varios órganos. (AU)


Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease with an estimated rate of 1 case per million annually in adults. In the current classification system, LCH is classified according to the degree of organ involvement. Clinically, the head and neck are affected in almost 90 % of cases. The maxilla and mandibular are affected in 5 to 10 % of cases. Regarding diagnosis, when advanced periodontal pathology with tooth mobility and lytic cystic lesions is seen in imaging tests, LCH could be considered in the differential diagnosis, but the definitive diagnosis is made through histological and immunohistochemical study. We present an unusual case of LCH that simultaneously affects the maxilla and mandible with high bone resorption and rapidly evolving periodontal pathology. The symptoms presented by the patient simulated periodontal and periapical pathology. After analyzing the samples sent to the anatomopathology deparment, chronic and multifocal LCH was diagnosed. The patient was treated with bone curettage, dental extraction and intralesional corticosteroids infiltration. LCH can simulate different types of periodontal pathologies that affect the maxillary or mandibular bone and it must be diagnosed early by sending samples to the anatomopathology department. Furthermore, it is necessary to carry out a correct extension study because its prognosis changes significantly if it affects several organs. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico por imagem , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/terapia
11.
Rev.chil.ortop.traumatol. ; 63(2): 128-133, ago.2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1436775

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN El granuloma eosinofílico (GE) es una patología infrecuente, sobre todo en adultos, que puede afectar la columna cervical. A pesar de la vasta literatura, esta enfermedad afecta principalmente a la población infantil, y no hay un consenso sobre el manejo en adultos. Con el objetivo de aportar conocimiento respecto a esta patología poco frecuente, se presenta un caso clínico de GE cervical en un paciente de 16 años, a quien se trató de manera conservadora, con buenos resultados y retorno completo a sus actividades. CASO CLÍNICO Un hombre de 16 años, seleccionado de rugby, consultó por dolor cervical axial persistente y nocturno de 6 semanas de evolución, sin trauma evidente. Al examen, destacó dolor a la compresión axial sin compromiso neurológico asociado. Los exámenes de tomografía computarizada (TC) y resonancia magnética (RM) revelaron lesión lítica en el cuerpo de C3 de características agresivas, de presentación monostótica en tomografía por emisión de positrones-tomografía computada (TEP-TC) compatible con tumor primario vertebral. Se decidió realizar biopsia percutánea bajo TC, para definir el diagnóstico y manejo adecuado, la cual fue compatible con células de Langerhans. Al no presentar clínica ni imagenología de inestabilidad ósea evidente o compromiso neurológico, se manejó con tratamiento conservador, inmovilización cervical, analgesia oral, y seguimiento estrecho. A los cuatro meses de evolución, se presentó con una TC con cambios reparativos del cuerpo vertebral y sin dolor, y logró retomar sus actividad habituales. CONCLUSIONES El diagnóstico de GE es infrecuente a esta edad, y se debe plantear entre diagnósticos diferenciales de lesiones líticas agresivas primarias vertebrales. Es necesario el uso de imágenes, y la biopsia vertebral es fundamental para confirmar el diagnóstico. Su manejo va a depender de la sintomatología, del compromiso de estructuras vecinas, y de la estabilidad de la vértebra afectada. El manejo conservador con seguimiento clínico e imagenológico es una opción viable.


INTRODUCTION Eosinophilic granuloma (EG) is a rare, tumor-like lesion, infrequently affecting the cervical spine, particularly in adults. Although vastly described in literature, this pathology mainly affects children, and there is still no consensus on its treatment in older patients. With the goal of contributing to increase the knowledge regarding this infrequent pathology, we present a case of a C3 eosinophilic granuloma in a 16-year-old patient, who was treated conservatively, with good results, including complete return to his previous activities. CLINICAL CASE a 16-year-old male, elite rugby player, presented with a history of persistent neck pain, mainly at night, with no previous trauma. Upon physical examination, he reported neck pain with axial compression of the head, without neurological impairment. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed an aggressive lytic lesion in the C3 vertebral body, a with monostotic presentation on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) compatible with a primary spine tumor. A CT-guided percutaneous biopsy was obtained to establish the diagnosis and provide the proper management. The results were compatible with Langerhans cells. As he presented no symptoms or imaging findings of evident bone instability, as well as no neurological impairment, the patient was treated conservatively, with a cervical brace, oral pain medication and close followup. A CT obtained after four months of treatment showed reparative changes of the C3 vertebral body; at this point, the patient reported no neck pain, so he was able to return to his previous activities. CONCLUSIONS Although an EG is rare at this age, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary vertebral aggressive lytic lesions. Imaging and a vertebral biopsy are paramount to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment modality depends on the symptoms, the involvement of adjacent structures, and the stability of the affected vertebra. Conservative management including clinical and imaging followup is a viable option.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Granuloma Eosinófilo/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/terapia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Granuloma Eosinófilo/terapia
12.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 24(2)ago. 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386588

RESUMO

Abstract Langerhans cells histiocytosis is a rare disease characterized by monoclonal proliferation and migration of special dendritic cells in a variety of organs, most commonly appears eosinophilic granuloma localized, often solitary, and bone lesions that occurs predominantly in pediatric patients. Although is most prevalent in children under the age of 15, this disorder presents in all ages and occurs at a rate of 2 to 5 cases per million per year. LCH is a complex entity; the clinic manifestations can mimic other common conditions and therefore a comprehensive evaluation is indicated. Since oral manifestations are frequent, the early diagnose of this pathology could be detected by dental professionals. The aim of this case report is to describe a case of LCH who initially was misdiagnosed and treated for a dental infection. This disease requires accurate histopathological diagnosis and timely treatment; hence it is necessary to raise awareness among dentists to avoid misdiagnose of oral manifestations of LCH.


Resumen La histiocitosis de las células de Langerhans es una enfermedad poco frecuente que se caracteriza por la proliferación monoclonal y la migración de células dendríticas especiales en una variedad de órganos; lo más común es que aparezca un granuloma eosinofílico localizado, a menudo solitario, así como lesiones óseas que se producen predominantemente en pacientes pediátricos. Aunque es más frecuente en los niños menores de 15 años, este trastorno se presenta en todas las edades y se produce a una tasa de 2 a 5 casos por millón al año. La HCL es una entidad compleja; las manifestaciones clínicas pueden imitar otras afecciones comunes y, por lo tanto, se indica una evaluación exhaustiva. Dado que las manifestaciones orales son frecuentes, el diagnóstico precoz de esta patología podría ser detectado por los profesionales de la odontología. El objetivo de este reporte de caso es describir un caso de HCL que inicialmente fue mal diagnosticado y tratado por una infección dental. Esta enfermedad requiere un diagnóstico histopatológico preciso y un tratamiento oportuno; por lo tanto, es necesario sensibilizar a los dentistas para evitar un diagnóstico erróneo de las manifestaciones orales de la HCL.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico
13.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 97(2): 130.e1-130.e7, ago, 2022. ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-207564

RESUMO

La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) es un tipo de neoplasia hematológica de origen mieloide, que puede afectar a diferentes órganos o tejidos, con gran variabilidad en la presentación clínica y comportamiento biológico, por lo que puede simular diferentes enfermedades. Se recomienda realizar diversas pruebas clínicas, analíticas y de imagen, para determinar la extensión de la afectación, que puede ser única o multisistémica, y la presencia o no de disfunción en órganos de riesgo como sistema hematopoyético, hígado y bazo. El diagnóstico se debe confirmar mediante biopsia y estudio histológico. Los estudios moleculares han permitido identificar mutaciones en la vía MAPK, lo que han ampliado las opciones terapéuticas. El diagnóstico es complejo y existe controversia en el manejo de ciertos casos. Las recomendaciones terapéuticas dependen de la localización de las lesiones y de la extensión de la afectación. Los estudios colaborativos internacionales han demostrado la efectividad de terapias prolongadas combinadas como vinblastina y prednisona en formas graves o multisistémicas y destaca el papel beneficioso de fármacos antiinflamatorios como indometacina y de otras combinaciones de citostáticos. La HCL representa un buen ejemplo de la importancia de la medicina de precisión y del beneficio de la identificación de dianas moleculares, comunes a diferentes neoplasias, para desarrollar nuevas terapias dirigidas. Los inhibidores de la vía MAPK representan una alternativa terapéutica en casos refractarios y en las formas neurodegenerativas de la HCL. Los estudios moleculares pueden contribuir en el pronóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento, especialmente en las formas graves. (AU)


Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a type of myeloid neoplasia that can affect different organs or tissues and exhibits substantial variability in its clinical presentation and biological behaviour, so it may mimic different diseases. Performance of different clinical assessments and laboratory and imaging tests is recommended to determine the extent of involvement, which may be of a single location or multisystemic, and the presence or absence of dysfunction in risk organs, such as the haematopoietic system, liver and spleen. The diagnosis must be confirmed by histological examination of a biopsy sample. Molecular tests have identified mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which has expanded treatment options. The diagnosis is complex and there is controversy regarding the management of certain cases. Treatment recommendations depend on the location of the lesions and the extent of involvement. International collaborative studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of prolonged combination therapies such as vinblastine and prednisone in severe or multisystemic forms, and anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin and other cytostatic combinations have proven beneficial. LCH is a good example of the importance of precision medicine and the benefit of identifying molecular targets, common to different neoplasms, to develop new therapies. MAPK pathway inhibitors offer an alternative treatment option in refractory cases and neurodegenerative forms of LCH. Molecular testing can contribute to the prognosis, treatment and follow-up of LCH, especially in severe forms of disease. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/tratamento farmacológico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/terapia , Patogenesia Homeopática , Proteína Quinase 1 Ativada por Mitógeno
14.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 97(2): 130.e1-130.e7, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35869015

RESUMO

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a type of myeloid neoplasia that can affect different organs or tissues and exhibits substantial variability in its clinical presentation and biological behaviour, so it may mimic different diseases. Performance of different clinical assessments and laboratory and imaging tests is recommended to determine the extent of involvement, which may be of a single location or multisystemic, and the presence or absence of dysfunction in risk organs, such as the haematopoietic system, liver and spleen. The diagnosis must be confirmed by histological examination of a biopsy sample. Molecular tests have identified mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which has expanded treatment options. The diagnosis is complex and there is controversy regarding the management of certain cases. Treatment recommendations depend on the location of the lesions and the extent of involvement. International collaborative studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of prolonged combination therapies such as vinblastine and prednisone in severe or multisystemic forms, and anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin and other cytostatic combinations have proven beneficial. Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a good example of the importance of precision medicine and the benefit of identifying molecular targets, common to different neoplasms, to develop new therapies. MAPK pathway inhibitors offer an alternative treatment option in refractory cases and neurodegenerative forms of LCH. Molecular testing can contribute to the prognosis, treatment and follow-up of LCH, especially in severe forms of disease.


Assuntos
Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Neoplasias , Terapia Combinada , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/genética , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/terapia , Humanos , Mutação , Prognóstico
15.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431302

RESUMO

Introducción: Las histiocitosis son enfermedades raras, caracterizadas por la infiltración tisular de histiocitos anormales. Se dividen en cinco grupos. Son frecuentes en la población pediátrica. La combinación de la histiocitosis de células de Langerhans e histiocitosis de células no-Langerhans es fortuita. Reporte de caso: Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 66 años que debutó con un cuadro de compromiso sistémico, del que llamó la atención la presencia de masas tumorales en la cara anterior de las piernas, dolor óseo generalizado y alteraciones endocrinológicas. Se planteó el diagnóstico de histiocitosis mixta. Se sugirió tratamiento con: anticuerpos monoclonales anti BRAF V600E, interferón alfa y/o quimioterapia. Conclusión: Es posible realizar el diagnóstico de histiocitosis a partir de los antecedentes personales patológicos del paciente y los hallazgos clínicos manifiestos con el apoyo de estudios radiológicos, histológicos e inmunohistoquímicos. Finalmente, este es el primer caso de histiocitosis mixta publicado en Ecuador.


Introduction: Histiocytoses are rare diseases characterized by tissue infiltration by abnormal histiocytes. They are divided into five groups. They are frequent in the pediatric population. The combination of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis is fortuitous. Case report: We report the case of a 66-year-old female patient who debuted with a history of systemic involvement, in which the presence of tumor masses on the anterior aspect of the legs, generalized bone pain and endocrinological alterations attracted our attention. The diagnosis of mixed histiocytosis was suggested. Treatment with anti BRAF V600E monoclonal antibodies, interferon alpha and/or chemotherapy was recommended. Conclusion: It is possible to make the diagnosis of histiocytosis based on the patient's personal pathological history and the clinical findings with the support of radiological, histological and immunohistochemical studies. Finally, this is the first case of mixed histiocytosis published in Ecuador.

16.
Rev Esp Patol ; 55(1): 63-67, 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34980444

RESUMO

Neonatal cholestasis is a clinical metabolic alteration requiring investigation of its eitiology. It is characterized by elevation of liver enzymes with cholestasis pattern and, in some cases, with acute liver failure. Its etiology is variable although the most frequent cause is atresia of extrahepatic bile ducts. We present a case of a 23-month-old boy who presented with cholestasis and was finally diagnosed with systemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis.


Assuntos
Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Células de Langerhans , Pré-Escolar , Fibrose , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/complicações , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Fígado/patologia , Masculino
17.
Rev. esp. patol ; 55(1): 63-67, ene-mar 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-206774

RESUMO

La colestasis neonatal es una situación clinicoanalítica que requiere una determinación urgente de su etiología. Se caracteriza por elevación de enzimas hepáticas con patrón de colestasis y en algunos casos con situación de fallo hepático agudo. Su etiología es variable aunque la causa más frecuente es la atresia de vías biliares extrahepáticas. En el presente caso describimos el caso de un niño de 23 meses de vida que presentó comienzo colestásico y que finalmente fue diagnosticado de histiocitosis de células de Langerhans sistémica.(AU)


Neonatal cholestasis is a clinical metabolic alteration requiring investigation of its eitiology. It is characterized by elevation of liver enzymes with cholestasis pattern and, in some cases, with acute liver failure. Its etiology is variable although the most frequent cause is atresia of extrahepatic bile ducts. We present a case of a 23-month-old boy who presented with cholestasis and was finally diagnosed with systemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Fibrose , Colestase , Células de Langerhans , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Atresia Biliar , Falência Hepática Aguda
18.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 64 Suppl 3: 265-276, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36737165

RESUMO

The term cystic lung disease encompasses a heterogeneous group of entities characterised by round lung lesions that correspond to cysts with fine walls, which usually contain air. The differential diagnosis of these lesions can be challenging, requiring both clinical and radiological perspectives. Entities such as pulmonary emphysema and cystic bronchiectasis can simulate cystic disease. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the imaging technique of choice for the evaluation and diagnosis of cystic lung disease, because it confirms the presence of lung disease and establishes the correct diagnosis of the associated complications. In many cases, the diagnosis can be established based on the HRCT findings, thus making histologic confirmation unnecessary. For these reasons, radiologists need to be familiar with the different presentations of these entities. A wide variety of diseases are characterised by the presence of diffuse pulmonary cysts. Among these, the most common are lymphangioleiomyomatosis, which may or may not be associated with tuberous sclerosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Other, less common entities include Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, amyloidosis, and light-chain deposit disease. This article describes the characteristics and presentations of some of these entities, emphasizing the details that can help differentiate among them.


Assuntos
Cistos , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais , Linfangioleiomiomatose , Humanos , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/diagnóstico , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/patologia , Pulmão/patologia , Linfangioleiomiomatose/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfangioleiomiomatose/patologia , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico por imagem , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/patologia , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem
19.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 50(3): 16-20, 30 diciembre 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1352578

RESUMO

La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es una enfermedad caracterizada por la expansión clonal de precursores mieloides que se diferencian en CD1a + / CD207 + en las lesiones. Se presenta en todas las edades con diversos grados de afectación sistémica y, aunque las tasas de curación son altas, las complicaciones neurológicas o endocrinas graves a largo plazo pueden afectar la calidad de vida. Se presenta en un cuadro la evolución de 2 pacientes, en el que se observa no siempre es tan fácil llevar a la práctica clínica los conocimientos médicos para llegar al diagnóstico de las enfermedades y más aún si estas son infrecuentes en nuestro entorno.


Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a disease characterized by the clonal expansion of myeloid precursors that differentiate into CD1a + / CD207 + in lesions. It occurs in all ages with varying degrees of systemic involvement and, although cure rates are high, serious long-term neurological or endocrine complications can affect quality of life. The evolution of 2 patients is presented in a table, in which it is observed that it is not always so easy to put medical knowledge into clinical practice to reach the diagnosis of diseases and even more so if these are infrequent in our environment.

20.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 68(5): 312-320, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34556261

RESUMO

Systemic infiltrative diseases are relatively rare conditions consisting of cell infiltration or substance deposition in multiple organs and systems, including endocrine glands. This article reviews endocrine changes in the main four diseases at epidemiological level: sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, hereditary hemochromatosis, and systemic amyloidosis. Recommendations to endocrinologists for hormone work-up and management of patients with each of these conditions are provided.


Assuntos
Amiloidose , Doenças do Sistema Endócrino , Hemocromatose , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans , Sarcoidose , Doenças do Sistema Endócrino/epidemiologia , Hemocromatose/epidemiologia , Humanos , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico
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