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1.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 70(7): 559-566, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28027906

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, a new electrocardiography algorithm has shown promising results for the the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the presence of left bundle branch block (LBBB). We aimed to assess these new electrocardiography rules in a cohort of patients referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). METHODS: Retrospective observational cohort study that included all patients with suspected myocardial infarction and LBBB on the presenting electrocardiogram, referred for pPCI to 4 tertiary hospitals in Barcelona, Spain. RESULTS: A total of 145 patients were included. Fifty four (37%) had an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) equivalent. Among patients with STEMI, 25 (46%) presented in Killip class III or IV, and in-hospital mortality was 15%. Smith I and II rules performed better than Sgarbossa algorithms and showed good specificity (90% and 97%, respectively) but their sensitivity was 67% and 54%, respectively. In a strategy guided by Smith I or Smith II rules, 18 (33%) or 25 (46%) patients with STEMI would have not received a pPCI, respectively. Moreover, the severity and prognosis of STEMI patients was similar regardless of the positivity of Smith rules. Cardiac biomarkers were positive in 54% of non-STEMI patients, limiting their usefulness for initial diagnostic screening. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of STEMI in the presence of LBBB remains a challenge. Smith rules can be useful but are limited by suboptimal sensitivity. The search for new electrocardiography algorithms should be encouraged to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatments in the majority of patients, while providing timely reperfusion to a high-risk subgroup of patients.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Bloqueio de Ramo/complicações , Medição de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Idoso , Bloqueio de Ramo/fisiopatologia , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Mortalidade Hospitalar/tendências , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/complicações , Espanha/epidemiologia
2.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 17(3): 141-144, mayo-jun. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-554914

RESUMO

Se conoce que la estimulación en el ápex del ventrículo derecho produce disincronía ventricular y muchas veces los pacientes desarrollan miocardiopatía dilatada, lo que ha llevado a realizar una estimulación más fisiológica. Con el reciente desarrollo tecnológico de los electrodos para la estimulación selectiva del haz de His (fisiológica), se quiere mostrar la experiencia en el implante de este tipo de electrodos en los dos primeros casos del servicio de electrofisiología de la Clínica Medellín.


Pacing in the right ventricular apex is known to produce ventricular dysynchrony and patients often develop dilated cardiomiopathy. For this reason, a more physiological stimulation has been performed. With the recent technological development of electrodes for selective stimulation of the His bundle, we want to show the experience of this type of implantation in the first two cases made in the electrophysiology laboratory in Medellin


Assuntos
Fascículo Atrioventricular , Eletrodos Implantados , Colômbia
3.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 78(2): 118-122, mar.-abr. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634156

RESUMO

Introducción Se ha demostrado que la estimulación definitiva en el ápex del ventrículo derecho provoca disincronía ventricular izquierda y eventualmente deterioro contráctil y ello ha llevado a la búsqueda de otros sitios alternativos de estimulación. Las indicaciones y los resultados de la estimulación septal, así como las dificultades técnicas del implante, se encuentran actualmente en estudio. Objetivos Analizar la indicación, la factibilidad y el seguimiento en un grupo de pacientes con estimulación septal parahisiana. Material y métodos Se evaluaron 22 pacientes con edades entre 27 y 68 años, con complejo QRS angosto sin trastorno de conducción intraventricular, con indicación de marcapasos. Se utilizaron catéteres comunes para la aurícula con fijación activa y catéteres con vaina deflectable para la estimulación septal. Durante el implante y el seguimiento se midieron los umbrales y la amplitud de la onda R. Resultados Los umbrales durante el implante fueron menores de 2 voltios/0,50 mseg y la onda R mayor de 5 m V. El tiempo de implante promedio de los catéteres convencionales fue de 30 ± 10 min y el de los catéteres especiales, de 15 ± 5 min. El seguimiento promedio fue de 24 meses. Los umbrales crónicos fueron de 2,5 ± 1,5 voltios con una amplitud de onda R media de 5 ± 2 voltios. Hubo un desplazamiento durante el seguimiento. Conclusiones La estimulación septal parahisiana presentó un índice bajo de complicaciones. El uso de catéteres y vainas especiales redujo el tiempo de implante. La ubicación parahisiana se caracterizó por umbrales más altos y amplitud de la onda R menor que en la comunicada durante estimulación convencional. La estimulación septal parahisiana sería una alternativa válida para evitar la disincronía producida por la estimulación del ventrículo derecho en pacientes sin trastornos de la conducción intraventricular.


Background It has been demonstrated that permanent right ventricular apical pacing produces left ventricular dyssynchrony and decreases contractile function. For this reason other sites of stimulation have been explored. The indications, outcomes and technical difficulties of para-hisian pacing are currently under investigation. Objectives To analyze the indications, feasibility and follow-up in a group of patients undergoing para-hisian pacing. Material and Methods A total of 22 patients between 27 and 68 years with indication of permanent pacing, narrow QRS complexes and preserved intraventricular conduction were evaluated. Activefixation atrial leads and ventricular leads with a deflectable sheath for parahisian stimulation were used. Pacing thresholds and R-wave amplitude were measured during implantation and follow-up. Results During implantation, pacing thresholds were <2 V/0.50 ms and R-wave amplitude was >5 m V. The average duration of placement of conventional leads and special leads were 30±10 min and 15±5 min, respectively. Mean follow-up was 24 months. Chronic thresholds were 2.5±1.5 Volts, and mean R-wave amplitude was 5±2 Volts. One lead displacement was reported during follow-up. Conclusions Para-hisian pacing presented a low rate of complications. The use of special leads and sheaths reduced the implantation time. Compared to conventional pacing, para-hisian pacing presented higher thresholds and lower R-wave amplitude. Para-hisian pacing would be a valid option to avoid ventricular dyssynchrony related to right ventricular pacing in patients with preserved intraventricular conduction.

4.
Av. cardiol ; 29(4): 342-349, dic. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-607873

RESUMO

Los trastornos de conducción representan un marcador de mál pronóstico en pacientes con cardiopatía. El objetivo fundamental fue evaluar la sincronía ventricular en pacientes con bloqueo de rama derecha del haz de His (BRDHH) y bloqueo de rama izquierda del haz de His (BRIHH). Estudio prospectivo, observacional, transversal, no experimental. Se evaluaron 45 pacientes: 25 con BRDHH y 20 con BRIHH e igual número de controles, que consultaron a la Emergencia de Adultos del Hospital "Dr. Alfredo Van Grieken", entre marzo y septiembre de 2008. Con ecocardiógrafo HP SONOS 5500 se determinó retardo intraventricular (RIV) según método de Pitzalis. Se observó RIV significativamente mayor en pacientes con BRIHH (x: 194,25 ± 73,33) que en BRDHH (x: 81,8 ± 39,23) y que en los controles (x: 21,96 ± 14,18), (P<0,01). La fracción de eyección (FE) fue menor en BRIHH (X: 35,05 ± 15,26) que en BRDHH (x: 57,28 ± 13,56) y que en controles (x: 63,49 ± 13,36), (P<=0,01). Se encontró correlación negativa significativa entre el RIV de BRIHH y la FE (r: 5,32, p: 0,05), la correlación entre la anchura del QRS y el RIV no fue significativa en BRDHH (r: 0,144), p: NS) ni en BRIHH (r: 0,160, p: NS). Se determinó asincronía intraventricular en 12% de los pacientes con BRDHH y en el 85% con BRIHH, 40% de este grupo falleció antes de culminar el estudio. La asincronía intraventricular en pacientes con BRIHH representa un riesgo de mortalidad cardiovascular elevado, lo cual nos obliga a implementar medidas profilácticas en la aparición de complicaciones y seleccionar a los pacientes para resincronización cardíaca.


Conduction disorders represent a marker of poor pronosis in patients with heart disease. The primary objective was to evaluate the ventricular synchrony in patients with right block (RBBB) and left bundle branch block (LBBB). Prospective, observational, cross-sectional, non experimental study. A total of 45 patients were evaluated: 25 with RBBB and 20 with LBBB and an equal number ofcontrols, that consulted the Adult Emergency Hospital "Dr. Alfredo Van Grieken", between march and septiember of 2008. Echocardiographic HP SONOS 5500 was used to determine intraventricular delay (IVD) by the Pitzalis method. IVD was significantly higher in patients with LBBB (x: 194.25 ± 73.33) thain in RBBB (x: 81.8 ± 39.23) and that in the controls (x: 21.96 ± 14.18), (P<0.01). The ejection fraction (EF) was lower in LBBB (x: 35.05 ± 15.26) than in RBBB (x: 57.28 ± 13.56) as well as control (x: 63.49 ±13.36). (P<0.01). Significant negative correlation was found between the IVD of LBBB and EF (r= 5.32, P: 0.05), the correlation betwen the width of the QRS and the IVD was not significant in RBBB (r: 0144, p: NS) nor in LBBB (r: 0160, p: NS). Intraventricular asynchrony was found in 12% of patients with RBBB. Death occurred in 40% of this group before completion of the study. Intraventricular asynchrony in patients with LBBB represents an elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality, which prophylactic measures to avoid complications and to select patients for cardiac resynchronization.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pressão Sanguínea , Bloqueio de Ramo/fisiopatologia , Doença das Coronárias/patologia , Fascículo Atrioventricular/patologia , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/patologia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/patologia , Venezuela
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