ABSTRACT
Urinary tract infection in pregnancy leads to poor pregnancy outcome. Diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria markedly improves pregnancy outcome as well as reduce the incidence of acute pyelonephritis. To determine the prevalence and bacteriology of asymptomatic bacteriuria among Antenatal patients in our centre; and to know if routine screening will be justifiable. This was a prospective study carried out between April and August 2008. Sample size was statistically determined.Women who consented were interviewed and mid stream urine samples were collected and processed in the microbiology laboratory; using standard microbiological methods. Out of 357 women studied; 65(18.21) had significant bacteriuria. was the commonest isolate (25.6); while was the least frequent isolate (3.66). Women in third trimester had the highest prevalence (25.68) while those in the first trimester had the least (15.79).Women that had only primary education had the highest prevalence (27.50) while those that had tertiary education had the least prevalence (21.10). The prevalence of significant asymptomatic bacteriuria among the women studied was high. Screening of all the pregnant women and treatment will reduce the incidence and complications of overt urinary tract infection in pregnancy among these women
Subject(s)
Bacteriology , Bacteriuria , Hospitals , Prenatal Care , Prevalence , TeachingABSTRACT
Starch obtained from Dioscorea dumetorium was employed as a disintegrant in Sodium Salicylate based tablets at concentrations of 5 -15w/w. Properties of the starch evaluated include: bulk and tapped densities; water uptake by capillarity; Hausner's quotient and percent compressibility. Compound tablets were evaluated for hardness; friability; disintegration time and dissolution rate. Batches of tablets containing equivalent concentrations of AC-di-sol or maize starch were employed as standards. Results obtained indicate that Dioscorea dumetorium starch performed as much better as a disintegrant in sodium salicylate tablets as maize starch but less than Ac-di-sol
Subject(s)
Dioscorea , Sodium Salicylate , StarchABSTRACT
The effects of dissolution medium; pH and temperature on the in vitro release properties of metronidazole; a commonly used antiprotozoal; from its tablet dosage forms have been studied. Metronidazole tablets were formulated using the conventional wet granulation technique. The standard tablet characteristics such as uniformity of weight; hardness and friabliity wer determined. Different dissolution media namely - simulated intestinal fluid (S. I. F.); simulated gastric fluid (S. G. F.) and buffer solutions (pH 2 to 11) were employed for disolution and disntegration studies. Similarly; disssolution studies were carrtied out at varying temperatures to determine the effect of temperature onn release and disintegration. Results obtained showed that the tablets possessed officailly acceptable hardness; uniformity of weight; and absolute drug content; but a high friablity. The drugs were released faster in the less acidic S. I. F. than in th S. G. F. while the dissolution and disintegration rates increased as the pH increased.. Temperature also increased the dissolution and disintegration rates
Subject(s)
MetronidazoleABSTRACT
In this study; the effects of some environmental storage conditions -light; temperature and humidity on the stability of the steroidal drug; hydrocortisone sodium succinate injection were investigated. The drug samples were stored at varying conditions of light; temperature (0OC; 28OC and 60OC) and humidity; after which each sample was assayed at weekly intervals for their content of the drug using a UV -Vis spectrophotometer. From the results obtained; storage under light; at enhanced temperature and in the presence of moisture had pronounced degradative effects on the stability of hydrocortisone sodium succinate injection; calling for caution in the storage of this widely used anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drug
Subject(s)
Drug Stability , Drug Storage , Hydrocortisone , InjectionsABSTRACT
The wound healing effect of herbal ointments formulated with Napoleona imperialis (NI) embedded in different ointment bases (anionic; cationic and non-ionic) has been evaluated in vivo using the excision wound healing model; on guinea pigs. Napoleona imperialis was extracted using methanol and the extract formulated as herbal ointments. The herbal ointments were used to treat wounds inflicted onexperimental guinea pigs. The wound healing effects of the formulations were compared to that of a standard antibiotic; Cicatrinr. In all cases; there was a progressive decrease in wound area with time; indicating an efficacy of the formulations in healing the induced wounds. By the 16th day; the ointment containing 100 mg/g of Napoleona imperialis in non-ionic emulsifying ointment base showed 100
Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations , Plants , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Compatibility of four brands of gentamicin sulphate injection with five parenteral drugs-dexamethasone; diazepam; hyoscine butylbromide; furosemide and promethazine were studied. These drugs are commonly used together in pre-anaesthetic or post-anaesthetic medications among others. For the different test situations; solutions of varying concentrations of gentamicin sulphate were prepared and mixed with the test drugs. After the test period; all the admixtures were evaluated for gentamicin potency; Ph changes; clarity and extent of interaction. Potency changes were determined by microbial assays while the extend of interaction was determined by chromatographic techniques. No significant changes in pH were observed in all the admixture studied. A significant reduction in potency was observed in all the admixtures of Gentarad. No significant interactions were observed based on the chromatographic studies