Endométriose et supplémentation nutritionnelle: une revue de littérature / Endometriosis and nutritional supplementation : a literature review

Contexte et objectif. L'endométriose est une maladie gynécologique caractérisée par la présence des glandes et du stroma endométrial en dehors de la cavité utérine. Elle serait influencée par la nutrition. Cette maladie touche 10 à 15 % des femmes en âge de procréer et a comme composante essentielle l'inflammation chronique. Les symptômes les plus fréquents sont la douleur et l'infertilité. La littérature actuelle fait état des effets bénéfiques des aliments antiinflammatoires et antioxydants sur l'endométriose. L'objectif de la présente mini revue est d'établir des pistes de réflexion sur le bénéfice d'une supplémentation nutritionnelle dans l'endométriose. Méthodes. Nous avons effectué une recherche avec les bases de données de Pubmed, Cinahl, Cochrane Library et Embase pour identifier les articles et essais cliniques randomisés dont sept ont été retenus pour l'analyse. Résultats. La supplémentation en souches probiotiques, en vitamine E et en vitamine C a une influence positive sur les symptômes liés à l'endométriose. De plus, un ensemble des composés contenant des vitamines, sels minéraux, ferments lactiques et oméga 3 et 6 ainsi qu'une alimentation de type anti-inflammatoire et les aliments pauvres en glucides fermentés cibles auraient également une influence positive sur les symptômes. En revanche, la vitamine n'aurait aucun effet significatif. Conclusion. Une prise en charge nutritionnelle, notamment axée sur une supplémentation en antioxydants, anti-inflammatoires et en souches probiotiques constitue une piste prometteuse pour la prise en charge de l'endométriose

Context and objective. Endometriosis is a gynecological disease which is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and might be influenced by nutrition. It affects 10 to 15 % of women of childbearing age and has chronic inflammation as an essential component. The most common symptoms are pain and infertility. Current literature reports the beneficial effects of antiinflammatory and antioxidant foods on endometriosis. The present paper reviews the benefits of nutritional supplementation in endometriosis. Methods. A search was performed using the Pubmed, Cinahl, Cochrane Library and Embase database engines to identify articles and randomized clinical trials, of which seven were selected for analysis. Results. Supplementation with probiotic strains, vitamin E and vitamin C has a positive influence on the symptoms associated with endometriosis. In addition, a set of compounds containing vitamins, minerals, lactic ferments and omega 3 and 6 as well as an antiinflammatory type diet and foods low in fermentable carbohydrates would also have a positive influence on the symptoms. In contrast, vitamin D did not have any significant effect. Conclusion. Nutritional management, in particular focusing on supplementation with antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs and probiotic strains, is a promising avenue for the management of endometriosis.

Oxidative stress markers and disease severity among children with sickle cell anaemia

Background: Sickle cell anaemia has been associated with oxidative stress. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) are cumulative markers of oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the serum levels of oxidative stress markers in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and determine the relationship between these markers and disease severity. Method: One hundred and fifty-six children, comprising 78 with SCA, aged 1 - 15 years and 78 age- and sex-matched Haemoglobin AA controls were studied. Serum TOS, OSI, and TAC were determined using ELISA kits. The severity of the SCA was determined using clinical and laboratory parameters. Result: Children with SCA had lower mean serum TAC (0.83±0.31UAE) than controls (1.19±0.24UAE) with p< 0.001) but positive correlation with TOS (r = 0.3, p = 0.008) and OSI (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Children with SCA had lower TAC but higher TOS and OSI than matched controls. Oxidative stress markers had a significant relationship with SCD severity

Evaluation of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Alcohol-induced Hepatotoxicity

A study on the protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was evaluated. Rats fed alcohol only produced significant increase in the levels of enzyme markers of tissues damage (ALT; AST and ALP); lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and decreased serum vitamin C levels compared to normal control rats. Pretreatment with 100 and 200mg/kg body weight of extract significantly decreased the levels of enzyme markers; lipid peroxidation and markedly increased serum vitamin C level in a dose-dependent manner. Post-treatment with 200mg/kg body weight of extract significantly enhanced the recovery of animals from hepatic damage compared to untreated control. Lipid peroxidation and depletion of vitamin C due to oxidative stress could be the possible mechanisms of alcohol induced toxicity and the protective effect of the extract could be as a result of its ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and prevent the depletion of vitamins C

Serum Ascorbic Acid Levels During Pregnancy in Enugu; Nigeria

Background: Pregnancy; though a physiological process promotes oxidative stress. Ascorbic acid and other antioxidants are used as defense mechanisms against this stress leading to low levels in pregnancy. The degree of reduction in plasma levels has been implicated in the aetiology and severity of many obstetric complications. Objective: To determine the level or degree of reduction in serum ascorbic acid during pregnancy and recommend supplementation strategies. Subjects and Methods: Sixty five (65) pregnant and 65 non pregnant women with age range 20-38 years were recruited. The pregnant women were in their second and third trimesters; attending antenatal clinic at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu. Serum levels of ascorbic acid were determined for all the subjects. Results: The serum ascorbic acid levels were significantly lower in pregnant women than in controls. (P0.05). There was also a steady decline in the serum levels of ascorbic acid with increasing gestational age. Conclusion: Serum levels of ascorbic acid were reduced in our pregnant women despite our supplementations. Thus increase in the dose during pregnancy and lactation is strongly advocated. The amount to be given is subject to further research

Chronic Vitamin C Administration Induces Thermal Hyperalgesia in Male Rats

Against a backdrop of neurological effects; the effects of acute and chronic administration of vitamin C (600mg/kg) on pain processing were investigated in male rats. Chronic administration of vitamin C induced significant thermal hyperalgesia while acute administration had no effect. In addition; the intraperitoneal administration of vitamin C produced observable abdominal writtings similar to what has been observed with acetic acid. We conclude that chronic vitamin C exerts facilitatory central nervous system effects and a possibility of using intraperitoneal injection of vitamin C as an animal model of pain is suggested

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), blood pressure and cardiobascular diseases

The review article deals with the relationship between vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and cardiovascular function or diseases. Clinical and epidemiological studies indicate that vitamin C could lower blood pressure or its deficiency could lead to hypertension and atherosclerosis which may predispose to coronary heart disease; ischaemic heart disease; myocardial infarction; cerebral thrombosis; etc. However there are contradictory reports. Factors such age; gender; vegetarian diet; smoking; diabetes mellitus; mental stress; seasonal variations; etc. can alter vitamin C status. Alteration of vitamin C status; could in turn affect cardiovascular function. The precise mechanisms responsible for the negative association between vitamin C and blood pressure and why vitamin C protects against cardiovascular diseases are yet to be elucidated. [abstract terminated]