Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients attending a Tertiary Hospital in South-South Nigeria

Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus affects the quality of life of individuals and their ability to function. It affects the physical, social and mental well-being of patients with immediate and delayed complications.This study determined the quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary hospital in south-south Nigeria.Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among type 2 diabetic patients attending the medical outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between September and November 2019. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a total of 347 participants for the study following ethical approval. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure the QoL of the participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive data were presented in frequency distribution tables while summary statistics were done using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and in proportions for categorical variables. Results:Results revealed that majority of the type 2 diabetic patients were females (53.3%) and between the ages of 51-60 years. 27.2% of them had poor overall QoL with the score of <45% while 65.7% had fair overall QoL with a score of 45-65 %. 7.1% had good overall QoL with a score of ≥65%. Conclusion:Majority of the type 2 diabetic patients had fair QoL while the least had good QoL. There is urgent need for increased health awareness and education of diabetic patients regarding diabetic care.

Evaluation de la fréquence de la consommation journalière des aliments des diabétiques de type 1 et leurs fratries du district d'Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire / Evaluation of the frequency of daily food consumption of Type 1 diabetes and their siblings in the district of Abidjan, Cote D'ivoire

Contexte. L'alimentation joue un rôle important dans la prise en charge du diabète en Côte D'Ivoire. L'objectif de ce travail est d'évaluer la fréquence de consommation journalière des aliments chez les diabétiques de type 1 (DT1) et leurs fratries du district d'Abidjan. Méthodes. Une fi che d'enquête comportant les mets Ivoiriens a été utilisée pour la réalisation de l'étude. Etaient eligibles les patients déclarés diabétiques et ayant au moins un frère ou une sœur non diabétique âgé de 5 à 21 ans. Les patients séropositifs au VIH et sous traitement antirétroviral n'ont pas été retenu dans l'étude. le logiciel Graphpad Prism version 5. Résultats. Le riz, l'attiéké et le pain de boulangerie ont été les aliments les plus consommés par les DT1 et leurs fratries (100 %). Au niveau des protéines animales, ce sont la viande dans la sauce, la viande fumée, le poisson dans la sauce et le poisson fumé qui ont été le plus consommés chez les DT1 et leurs fratries (63,15 % et 86,66 %; 68,42 % et 73,33 %; 68,42 % et 66,66 %; 68,42 % et 76,66 %). Les DT1 et leurs fratries ont consommé comme lipides, les huiles alimentaires et la sauce graine. Conclusion. Le régime alimentaire des DT1 et leurs fratries est équilibré, avec un régime plus ouvert chez la fratrie

Context. Diet plays an important role in the management of diabetes in Côte d'Ivoire. The objective of this work is to evaluate the frequency of daily food consumption in type 1 diabetics (T1D) and their siblings in the district of Abidjan. Methods. A survey sheet including Ivorian dishes was used to carry out the study. Results. Rice, attiéké and bakery bread were the foods most consumed by T1Ds and their siblings (100%). At level of animal protein, meat in sauce, smoked meat, fi sh in sauce and smoked fi sh were the most consumed among T1D and their siblings (63.15% and 86.66% ; 68.42% and 73.33% ; 68.42% and 66.66% ; 68.42% and 76.66%). T1Ds and their siblings consumed lipids, edible oils and seed sauce. Conclusion. the diet of T1D and their siblings is balanced, with a more open diet in the siblings.

Nutritional knowledge, dietary habits and nutritional status of diabetic patients attending teaching hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: This study assessed the nutritional knowledge, dietary habits and nutritional status of adult diabetic patients attending teaching hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult diabetic patients attending the out-patient clinics of the two Teaching Hospitals in Lagos. Respondents were recruited from the clinics consecutively until the desired sample size (342) was obtained. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Dietary habits were assessed using food frequency questionnaire and BMI was assessed following standard procedure and compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS (Version 20). Chi-square and fisher's exact probability test were used to determine the association between variables. The level of significance was set at p-value less than 5%. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 59.6 + 13.0 years. Only 125 (37%) of the respondents had good nutritional knowledge. Majority ate three meals every day, 237 (69.3%) and have had dietary counseling, 255 (74.6%). More than half of the respondents, 202 (59.1%) skipped meals, 80 (23.4%) consumed alcohol while only 42 (12.3%) ate fruits and vegetables daily. The commonest food consumed was processed cereals. Majority of the respondents were overweight or obese (74%). Obesity was associated with being female and not having dietary counseling. Conclusion: Nutritional knowledge and dietary habits were poor while overweight and obesity were high. Dietary counseling will be necessary to improve the dietary pattern and nutritional status of the diabetic patients

Hypercholesterolaemia in Children and Young Adults - Current Management

Atherosclerosis begins in childhood. Not uncommonly; the first presentation of atherosclerosis is sudden cardiac death. It therefore makes sense that risk-factor modification to prevent the development or delay the onset of atherosclerosis needs to begin early in life. Dietary intervention is the key component for the primary prevention of hyperlipidae- mia. However; if diet and lifestyle fail to correct hyperlipidaemia; drug therapy may have to be considered. All children and adolescents with high-risk lipid disorders such as familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH); those with diabetes mellitus or other cardiovascular disease risk factors or with a family history of premature coronary artery disease should be considered for lipid-lowering therapy if diet and lifestyle intervention are ineffective. There are now numerous studies that have documented the safety and efficacy of statin therapy in both children and young adults. Based on these studies; it is now recommended that statin therapy be initiated in all male FH children from the age of ten years and at the onset of menses in females with FH. The initiation of statin therapy could be considered even earlier in FH children at high risk

Le diabete sucre en Afrique subsaharienne. Aspects epidemiologiques; difficultes de prise en charge

Contrairement a une vieille opinion considerant le diabete sucre comme une maladie des pays riches; cette affection constitue de plus en plus une preoccupation majeure dans les pays en developpement et particulierement en Afrique subsaharienne. On note une croissance galopante de sa prevalence alors que parallelement les structures sanitaires n'ont pas connu un developpement adapte. L'OMS prevoit une croissance mondiale de la prevalence du diabete; qui devrait atteindre 300 millions de malades en 2025. Cette evolution est plus nette dans les pays en developpement; et particulierement en Afrique subsaharienne. Dans ces pays; cette expansion s'inscrit dans une veritable transition epidemiologique des maladies transmissibles vers les maladies non transmissibles. Ce phenomene reconnait plusieurs causes dont le vieillissement de la population; la seden- tarite et l'obesite. En dehors de l'obesite; l'hypertension arterielle est le principal facteur de risque cardio-vasculaire associe au diabete. Seul ou associe aux autres facteurs de risque; le diabete sucre est responsable d'une lourde morbidite notamment cardio-vasculaire et renale. La prise en charge connait de nombreuses difficultes : une meconnaissance de l'ampleur du probleme; le cout desmedicaments; un contexte socio-economique peu propice au regime diabetique; des infrastructures et du personnel sani- taires insuffisants. La croissance rapide de la prevalence du diabete sucre enAfrique subsaharienne constitue une menace. Il est urgent de proceder a une evaluation chiffree de la pandemie diabetique; permettant la formation en nombre consequent de personnels sanitaires qualifies; et l'acquisition d'un equipement suffisant pour une prise en charge decentralisee. Ces conditions appellent la sensibilisation et la participation de tous les acteurs intervenant dans la sante publique