Investigation of enzymes, enzyme inhibitors and glycoprotein as biomarkers for discrimination between stored and fresh onion seeds by electrophoresis

Discrimination between cultivars as well as between stored and fresh onion seeds were corned out by detection of enzymes [Peroxidase and superoxide dismutase] enzyme inhibitor [Trypsin inhibitor] and glycoprotein after electrophoresis The glycoprotein bands of 30 67 and 80 K Da in Tris-borate buffer and the band of 26 K Do in water extract were used as a marker for stored onion seeds. The Trypsin inhibitor band of 30 K Da still used as a marker for stored onion seeds. The 50 K Da band could be used as trypsin inhibitor marker for cultivars identification using gelatin as substratein the investigation proved that glycoprotein and trypsin inhibitor protein bands could used as biomarker for differentiation between onion seed cultivars. Monitoring the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes in the water or buffer extracts of onion seeds were considered as a good tool for the discrimination between cultivars

Purification and physicochemical studies of estrase enzyme from potato tuber by gel filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

The major esterase enzyme of potato tuber cultivar 'ALPHA' with molecular weight of 85 K Da was separated by a new method. A successful scheme using column chromatography with cephacryl S-300 and Sephadex G-75 were used. The physical mid chemical properties of the separated esterase enzyme was studied after Its separation on polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The results reported that it consists of a dimer of heterogenous charge with homogenous molecular weight [80 K Da] and the subunits are not disulfide bonded. The major soluble glycoprotein fraction from potato tubers has been isolated by racusen and Foote [1980] using chromatography on DEAE cellulose and Con A .cepharose and were given the trivial name 'Patatin' 'Patois' is the same as a family of potato tuber glycoprotein isolated by HPLC and solubility fractionations and were given the name "Tuberin [Kosier and Desborough, 1981]. These protein are significant not only because they we most abundant in the tuber protein but also because of their excellent nutritional value. A successful scheme consist of sequential treatment of potato juice with Sephacry S-300 and sephadex G-75 which yielded a single protein referred to as esterase enzyme and represented 40% of total soluble protein in the mature tuber [Park 1983; Racusen 1983; Park et al, 1983]. The physical and chemical properties of the eaterase enzyme was studied by electrophoretic methods

Biochemical changes in peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide diemutase and catalase activities of potato rat different stages of development

Four enzymes peroxidase, polyphenal oxidase superaxide dismutase and catalase were studied in potato tuber cultivar 'ALPHA' at different stages of development by using PAGE PoroPAGE and PAGIF electrophoresis. The activities of the four enzymes are positively related to each other through tuberization and maturation. In contrast to other plants which lime been reported So contain multiple forms of catalase, only one fourm of this enzyme was revealed in potato sap Peroxidase was detected as 9 bands after PAGE and 10 bands after PoroPAGE with MW between 20-134 KDa Superoxide dismutase was detected as 10 bands after PoroPAGE and 6 bands after PAGE with MW between 10-120 KDa. Our results showed that the four enzymes have been involved in growth and development

Biochemical effects of some natural chelating agents decreasing lead toxicity

Lead was determined in River Nile water and tap water in different localities of Great Cairo. The results revealed a high degree of lead pollution. In an attempt to reduce the biochemical effect of lead poisoning, 2% pectin or 2% chitin were incorporated in the rat diet given 200 ppm pb [as lead acetate] in drinking water. Four groups of rats were used [each group 10 rats] and the experiment was conducted for 42 days. Regarding lead content in different organs and blood, a net decrease occurred by pectin or chitin addition to the diet. In case of pectin addition, lead content in liver, kidney, brain and blood decreased by 38.3, 46.4, 24.05 and 12.1% respectively as compared with rat given 200 ppm Pb in drinking wafer. In case of chitin addition a similar trend was observed. Glutathion content significantly decreased in liver, kidney and blood by pectin or chitin addition. Got, GPT, alkaline phosphatase activities, haemoglobin and hematocrite values were close to those of controls. Statistical analysis was also carried out on the above results

Biochemical studies on the effect of lead pollution

The level of lead deposition and the extent of vegetables pollution were studied. Lead in unwashed Ficus nitida leaves throughout the four seasons in Great Cairo averaged 45 ppm in Giza and 3.6 ppm in low polluted area. Washed leaves showed values ranging from 0.88 to 19.9 ppm. Vegetables collected from 20 markets in Cairo indicated that Spearmint. Leaves had the highest lead content [92.Oppm] followed by Lettuce [22 ppm] and tomatoes [2.7 ppm]. An experiment was carried out to study the biological effect of lead in drinking water. Lead was given to rats in drinking water containing 0.0, 100, 2140, and 1000 ppm. as lead acetate for 42 days. Lead content increase in kidneys, brain, blood and liver by 23.7, 18.15, 11.3 and 8.7 -folds by giving 1000 ppm, as compared with specific control. Glutathione in different organs and blood showed also a positive correlation with lead ingestion. Hemoglobin and Hematocrit decreased by about 50% in blood by increasing lead up to 1000 ug/ml in drinking water. GPT. GOT and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly increased by increasing lead doses drinking water