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1.
An. bras. dermatol ; 96(3): 352-354, May-June 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285072

ABSTRACT

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis is characterized by ulcers with raised edges and a granular bottom, mainly on the lower limbs. This is a case report of a male patient with an ulcer on the left plantar region. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive PCR for L. braziliensis and the presence of amastigotes of Leishmania sp. in the histopathological examination. After treatment with Glucantime, the patient showed full healing of the ulcer. The unusual location of the ulceration calls attention to atypical presentations of leishmaniasis, and the importance of histopathological examination and PCR, leading to the appropriate diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Foot Ulcer , Leishmania , Ulcer , Meglumine Antimoniate
2.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1343372

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The literature remains scarce on the late effects of bariatric surgery on the general health of patients who underwent such procedures at an older age. The present study aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms, risky alcohol consumption, and binge eating in older adults undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS: This study used current data (from medical records and tests) to conduct a cross-sectional study. A total of 74 individuals aged 60 years and older who underwent bariatric surgery after 55 years of age at a specialist center for obesity management located in Brazil were included and evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and Binge Eating Scale. Demographic and clinical data related to the surgical procedure (weight loss) were also collected. The Cochran-Armitage trend test, Pearson's χ2 test, and a multiple linear regression model were used as needed. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The individuals were white (65.70%) and women (78.30%), with a mean age of 65.8 (SD 3.90) years. The mean time elapsed from surgery to evaluation was 75.70 (SD 43.70) months; 10.80% of the participants had moderate to severe depression, 8.10% moderate to severe anxiety, and 5.40% risky or high-risk alcohol consumption. None of the participants had binge eating problems. Weight regain was not associated with depressive symptom severity or risky alcohol consumption, but it was significantly associated (p = 0.034) with few or neither anxiety symptoms. Excess weight loss was not associated with any study variable. CONCLUSION: The results show a low prevalence of mental symptoms in older adults undergoing bariatric surgery compared to data from the literature on younger adults undergoing the same procedure.


INTRODUÇÃO: A literatura ainda é escassa sobre os efeitos tardios na saúde geral de pacientes idosos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, consumo de álcool de risco e compulsão alimentar em idosos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. METODOLOGIA: Este estudo utilizou dados atuais (de prontuários e exames) para realizar um estudo transversal. Um total de 74 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais que se submeteram à cirurgia bariátrica após os 55 anos em um centro especializado em tratamento da obesidade localizado no Brasil foram incluídos e avaliados pelo Inventário de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification e Escala de compulsão alimentar. Dados demográficos e clínicos relacionados ao procedimento cirúrgico (perda de peso) também foram coletados. O teste de tendência Cochran-Armitage, o teste do χ2 de Pearson e um modelo de regressão linear múltipla foram usados conforme necessidade. Um p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. RESULTADOS: Os indivíduos em sua maioria eram brancos (65,70%) e mulheres (78,30%), com média de idade de 65,8 (DP 3,90) anos. O tempo médio decorrido desde a cirurgia até a avaliação foi de 75,70 (DP 43,70) meses; 10,80% dos participantes tinham depressão moderada a grave, 8,10% ansiedade moderada a grave e 5,40% consumo de álcool de risco ou alto risco. Nenhum dos participantes teve problemas de compulsão alimentar. O ganho de peso não foi associado à gravidade dos sintomas depressivos ou consumo de álcool de risco, mas foi significativamente associado (p = 0,034) com poucos ou nenhum sintoma de ansiedade. A perda de excesso de peso não se associou a nenhuma variável do estudo. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostram baixa prevalência de sintomas mentais em idosos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica em comparação com dados da literatura em adultos jovens submetidos ao mesmo procedimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Anxiety/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking , Depression/epidemiology , Bariatric Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Binge-Eating Disorder/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Follow-Up Studies
3.
Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging (Online) ; 14(3): 207-212, 30-09-2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1128393

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade no idoso, além de estar associada à piora de doenças relacionadas à síndrome metabólica e a distúrbios osteoarticulares, aumenta o risco de quedas, síndrome de fragilidade, depressão e demência, com consequente perda de funcionalidade. Entre todos os tratamentos disponíveis, a cirurgia bariátrica é uma alternativa em pacientes elegíveis. OBJETIVOS: Discutir aspectos relacionados à segurança e aos benefícios da cirurgia bariátrica para o controle ou a remissão de comorbidades no idoso. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizada revisão de literatura em bases de dados utilizando os seguintes descritores: bariatric surgery and elderly or aged or older adult and comorbidities or safety. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos, estudos observacionais, estudos comparativos e revisões que avaliaram o efeito da cirurgia bariátrica no controle ou na remissão de comorbidades em idosos. RESULTADOS: Nos últimos anos, vários estudos têm demonstrado não apenas controle ou remissão de comorbidades como diabetes, hipertensão e síndrome da apneia do sono, mas também reduzida taxa de complicações, semelhante à observada em jovens. CONCLUSÕES: Com base nos resultados desses estudos, há espaço para que procedimentos de cirurgia bariátrica sejam indicados a idosos elegíveis, sem limite de idade, considerando também aspectos funcionais e de expectativa de vida.


INTRODUCTION: In addition to being associated with worsening of diseases related to metabolic syndrome and musculoskeletal disorders, obesity in older adults increases the risk of falls, frailty syndrome, depression, and dementia, with consequent functional loss. Among all treatments available, bariatric surgery is an option for eligible patients. OBJECTIVES: To discuss aspects related to the safety and benefits of bariatric surgery for the control or remission of comorbidities in older adults. METHODS: This literature review was carried out in databases, using the following keywords: bariatric surgery and elderly or aged or older adult and comorbidities or safety. We included clinical trials, observational studies, comparative studies, and reviews that evaluated the effect of bariatric surgery on the control or remission of comorbidities in older adults. RESULTS: In recent years, several studies have evidenced not only control or remission of comorbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, and sleep apnea syndrome, but also a low rate of complications, similar to those observed in young people. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of these studies, bariatric surgical procedures can be indicated for eligible older adults, without age restriction, taking into account functional and life expectancy aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Bariatric Surgery/mortality , Bariatric Surgery/rehabilitation , Obesity/therapy , Postoperative Complications , Comorbidity , Health of the Elderly
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 112(12): 844-849, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894860

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. Because leprosy diagnosis is complex and requires professional expertise, new tools and methodologies are needed to detect cases in early stages and prevent transmission. The M. leprae genome contains mce1A, which encodes a putative mammalian cell entry protein (Mce1A). We hypothesised that the presence of Mce1A on the cell surface could be detected by the host's immune system. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody responses against the Mce1A protein in leprosy patients, household contacts of patients, and the general population to present an addition tool for leprosy diagnosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 89 volunteers [55 leprosy cases, 12 household contacts (HHC) and 22 endemic controls (EC)] was conducted at Couto Maia Hospital, in Salvador, Bahia (BA), Brazil. RESULTS The median anti-Mce1A IgA was significantly higher in multibacillary (MB) and paucibacillary (PB) cases than in EC (p < 0.0001). A similar trend was observed in IgM levels, which were significantly higher in both MB (p < 0.0001) and PB (p = 0.0006) groups compared to in EC individuals. The greatest differences were observed for IgG class-specific antibodies against Mce1A. The median levels of MB and PB were significantly higher compared to both controls HHC and EC (MB or PB vs EC, MB vs HHC p < 0.0001; PB vs HHC, p = 0.0013). Among leprosy cases, IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sensitivity and specificity were 92.7% and 97.1%, respectively. IgG positivity was confirmed in 92.1% and 94.1% of MB and PB patients, respectively. CONCLUSION This novel diagnostic approach presents an easy, non-invasive, and inexpensive method for leprosy screening, which may be applicable in endemic areas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Bacterial Proteins/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Leprosy/diagnosis , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Mycobacterium leprae/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Case-Control Studies , Family Characteristics , Sensitivity and Specificity
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(2): 202-209, abr. 2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705812

ABSTRACT

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent clinical form of tegumentary leishmaniasis and is characterised by a single or a few ulcerated skin lesions that may disseminate into multiple ulcers and papules, which characterise disseminated leishmaniasis (DL). In this study, cells were quantified using immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin staining (CD4+, CD68+, CD20+, plasma cells and neutrophils) and histopathology was used to determine the level of inflammation in biopsies from patients with early CL, late CL and DL (ulcers and papules). The histopathology showed differences in the epidermis between the papules and ulcers from DL. An analysis of the cells present in the tissues showed similarities between the ulcers from localised CL (LCL) and DL. The papules had fewer CD4+ T cells than the DL ulcers. Although both CD4+ cells and macrophages contribute to inflammation in early CL, macrophages are the primary cell type associated with inflammation intensity in late ulcers. The higher frequency of CD20+ cells and plasma cells in lesions demonstrates the importance of B cells in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis. The number of neutrophils was the same in all of the analysed groups. A comparison between the ulcers from LCL and DL and the early ulcers and papules shows that few differences between these two clinical forms can be distinguished by observing only the tissue.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , B-Lymphocytes/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology , Macrophages/parasitology , Neutrophils/parasitology , Skin/pathology , Antigens, Protozoan/analysis , Biopsy , Disease Progression , Dermis/pathology , Eosine Yellowish-(YS) , Epidermis/pathology , Hematoxylin , Immunohistochemistry , Inflammation/pathology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/pathology , Plasma Cells/parasitology , Skin Ulcer/parasitology
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(6): 728-734, Nov-Dec/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-698060

ABSTRACT

Introduction Leishmania braziliensis infection induces a large spectrum of lesions that clinically manifest as nodules or papules that progress to ulcers. Although it is already known that T helper cells predominate in the lesions, cytotoxic T cells have also been reported to be present, and their role in leishmaniasis immunopathogenesis is not well known. This study investigated the amounts of CD8+ and granzyme B+ cells in different clinical forms of human cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Methods Forty tissue fragments from early (E-CL) and late CL (L-CL) lesions and from disseminated leishmaniasis (DL) - papules and ulcers - were characterized. The inflamed area per fragment was calculated, and the CD8 and granzyme B expression levels in the infiltrates were quantified by counting positive cells in 15 fields. The localization of CD8 and granzyme B was graded subjectively. Results Inflammation was higher in L-CL and DL ulcers. CD8 expression was increased in late ulcerated lesions compared to recent lesions. The increase in CD8+ cells also correlated with the duration of the lesion. Papules had a higher frequency of granzyme B+ cells than E-CL lesions, although the frequency was similar to those for late and DL ulcers. CD8+ cells were mostly found in the papillary dermis. Conclusions CD8+ T and granzyme B+ cells are present in the inflammatory infiltrates of CL and DL and may participate in the immunopathogenesis of Leishmania infection. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , /immunology , Granzymes/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , /enzymology , Immunohistochemistry , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology
7.
Paidéia (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 23(54): 121-127, abr. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-686058

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou discutir o processo psicoterapêutico de um menino de 12 anos de idade com Síndrome de Asperger, um transtorno global do desenvolvimento, atendido em um ambulatório de psicoterapia de um hospital público. O setting terapêutico e a caixa lúdica tiveram que ser modificados e flexibilizados para atender às peculiaridades da criança. São discutidos o vínculo terapêutico e a importância de se manejarem as diferenças entre eu/não-eu para a terapia. Percebeu-se que o atendimento, adaptado às condições do ambulatório público, contribuiu para a capacidade de comunicação e de interação da criança, fato que aponta para a importância do debate sobre a psicoterapia psicodinâmica com esta população e formas de realizá-la.


La finalidad de ese trabajo fue discutir el proceso psicoterápico de un niño con 12 años de edad con Síndrome de Asperger, un trastorno global de desarrollo, atendido en un ambulatorio psicoterapéutico de un hospital público. El escenario terapéutico y la caja de juegos tuvieron de ser modificados para las necesidades y peculiaridades del niño. Fueron discutidos el vínculo con la terapeuta y la importancia de trabajar las diferencias entre el yo y el no-yo. La atención, adaptada a las condiciones de un ambulatorio público, contribuyó a la capacidad de comunicación y interacción del niño, hecho que indica la importancia del debate sobre la psicoterapia psicodinámica con esa población y formas de ponerla en práctica.


This study's objective was to discuss the psychotherapy process of a 12-year old boy affected by Asperger Syndrome, a pervasive developmental disorder, cared for in a public outpatient service. The therapeutic setting and the box of toys had to be modified and made more flexible to address the child's peculiarities. The bond established between the therapist and patient and the importance of dealing with the differences between Self/Not-self are discussed. The treatment, adapted to the conditions of a public outpatient service, contributed to the child's communication and interaction skills, which shows the importance of discussing psychodynamic psychotherapy with this population and how to implement it.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Asperger Syndrome , Play Therapy
8.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 17(2): 234-238, Mar.-Apr. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-673203

ABSTRACT

The formula proposed by Rich in 1951 explained the formation in a tuberculous lesion in a period that was unknown cellular functions, cytokines and other immunological aspects involved in granuloma formation by tuberculosis; its components are assembled conceptually to explain the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the granulomatous lesion in tuberculosis. In this manuscript, we report an update of Rich's formula based on the new and old concepts about pathogenic mechanisms involved in the granulomatous lesion in tuberculosis. Current knowledge allows us to conclude that the balance between the characteristics of the bacillus and host protective response is necessary to indicate the outcome of pathogenesis, infection or active disease and the necrosis degree of the tuberculosis lesion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Host-Pathogen Interactions , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculosis/pathology , Adaptive Immunity , Bacterial Load , Granuloma/immunology , Granuloma/microbiology , Granuloma/pathology , Immunity, Innate , Models, Biological , Macrophages/cytology , Macrophages/immunology , Macrophages/microbiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity , Tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculosis/microbiology , Virulence
9.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(1): 18-22, Feb. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-666038

ABSTRACT

Disseminated leishmaniasis (DL) differs from other clinical forms of the disease due to the presence of many non-ulcerated lesions (papules and nodules) in non-contiguous areas of the body. We describe the histopathology of DL non-ulcerated lesions and the presence of CD4-, CD20-, CD68-, CD31- and von Willebrand factor (vW)-positive cells in the inflamed area. We analysed eighteen biopsies from non-ulcerated lesions and quantified the inflamed areas and the expression of CD4, CD20, CD68, CD31 and vW using Image-Pro software (Media Cybernetics). Diffuse lymphoplasmacytic perivascular infiltrates were found in dermal skin. Inflammation was observed in 3-73% of the total biopsy area and showed a significant linear correlation with the number of vW+ vessels. The most common cells were CD68+ macrophages, CD20+ B-cells and CD4+ T-cells. A significant linear correlation between CD4+ and CD20+ cells and the size of the inflamed area was also found. Our findings show chronic inflammation in all DL non-ulcerated lesions predominantly formed by macrophages, plasmacytes and T and B-cells. As the inflamed area expanded, the number of granulomas and extent of the vascular framework increased. Thus, we demonstrate that vessels may have an important role in the clinical evolution of DL lesions.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Inflammation/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , Antigens, CD/immunology , /immunology , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/pathology , Biopsy , /immunology , Chronic Disease , Disease Progression , Inflammation/pathology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology , Macrophages/immunology , Macrophages/pathology , von Willebrand Factor/immunology
10.
Brasília méd ; 48(3): 263-267, out. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-611943

ABSTRACT

Objective. We aim to determine if different techniques of abdominal wall closure can reduce ventral hernia incidence in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Method. We reviewed data of 150 patients divided in three groups: in group PDS, suture with monofilamentar polidioxanone (PDS) alone was used in abdominal wall closure; in group PRO-0, PDS suture plus Prolene-0 as reinforcement were used; and in group PRO-2, PDS suture plus Prolene-2 as reinforcement were used. Incidence of ventral hernia was analyzed for a 22 months follow-up compared with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), co-morbidities, time of hernia incidence in post-operative period and post-operative complications. Results. There were seven ventral hernias in group PDS (14%), three in PRO-0 (6%) and one in PRO-2 (2%). Mean age of PDS was 35.7 ± 1.3 years (19?53), PRO-0 was 36.7 ± 1.3 years (17?59) and PRO-2 was 37.4 ± 1.6 years(18?67) (p = 0.84). Percentage of females in each group was similar, 82% in PDS, 90% in PRO-0 and 80% in PRO-2 (p = 0.35). Mean BMI in PDS was 42.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2 (35.5?59.7), PRO-0 was 42 ± 0.7 kg/m2 (36.2?60.6) and PRO-2 was 41.7 ± 0.6 kg/m2 (35.8?54.3) (p = 0.57). Mean time of ventral hernia occurrence in PDS was 9.7 ± 1.5 months (5?15),in PRO-0 was 9 ± 1.7 months (6?12) and PRO-2 was 9 months (p = 0.97).Conclusions. Time of hernia occurrence in post-surgery was similar in the three groups. Using Prolene-2 as reinforcement was useful to reduce the incidence of ventral hernia during 22 months follow-up in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.


Objetivo. Determinar se as diferentes técnicas de fechamento da parede abdominal podem reduzir a incidência de hérnia incisional em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Método. Foram analisados dados de 150 pacientes, divididos em três grupos: no grupo PDS, apenas o fiocirúrgico polidioxanone (PDS) foi utilizado no fechamento da parede abdominal, no grupo PRO-0, além de PDS,utilizou-se prolene-0 como reforço, e no grupo PRO-2, além de PDS, utilizou-se prolene -2 como reforço. A incidência de hérnia incisional foi observada por 22 meses, analisando-se a idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal (IMC),co-morbidades, tempo de aparecimento da hérnia no pós-operatório e as complicações pós-cirúrgicas. Resultados. Ocorreram sete hérnias incisionais no grupo PDS (14%), três no PRO-0 (6%) e uma no PRO-2(2%). A média de idade do PDS foi 35,7 ± 1,3 anos (19?53), PRO-0 foi 36,7 ± 1,3 anos (17?59) e PRO-2 foi 37,4 ± 1,6 anos (18?67) (p = 0,84). Percentual de mulheres em cada grupo foi semelhante, 82% do PDS, 90% do PRO-0 e 80% do PRO-2 (p = 0,35). O IMC médio do PDS foi 42,1 ± 0,6 kg/m2 (35,5?59,7), do PRO-0, 42 ± 0.7 kg/m2 (36,2- 60,6) e do PRO-2 foi 41,7 ± 0.6 kg/m2 (35,8?54,3) (p = 0,57). O tempo médio de aparecimento de hérnia incisional do PDS foi 9,7 ± 1,5 meses (5?15), em PRO-0 foi 9 ± 1,7 meses (6?12) e PRO-2 foi de 9 meses (p = 0,97). Conclusões. Tempo de ocorrência de hérnia no pós-operatório foi semelhante nos três grupos. Prolene-2 como reforço foi útil para reduzir a incidência de hérnia incisional durante 22 meses de seguimento em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica.

11.
Brasília méd ; 48(2): 158-162, 2011. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-603922

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Descrever a relação entre índice de massa corporal (IMC), hérnia de hiato e a prevalência de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico, baseados no consenso de Montreal. Método. Revisão de prontuários médicos de 502 pacientes obesos, que foram submetidos a endoscopia digestiva altaantes de cirurgia bariátrica de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2008. Idade, sexo, IMC, comorbidades e achados endoscópicos foram analisados. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em três grupos: aqueles com IMC de 35 a 39,9 kg/m2 no grupo A (GA); IMC de 40 a 49,9 kg/m2 no grupo B (GB) e IMC ≥ 50 kg/m2 no grupo C (GC). Os testes estatísticos utilizados foramcoeficiente de correlação de Pearson, Anova e Fisher. Resultados. Foram do sexo feminino 422 (84%) pacientes. A média de idade foi 37 anos (extremos: 17 a 67). A prevalência de infecção por H. pylori foi 43%. A distribuição foi: 186 pacientes (37%) estavam no GA, 284 (56,5%) no GB e 32 (6,5%) no GC. A prevalência geral de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico foi 34,6%, maior no GC (37,5%). A prevalênciageral de hérnia de hiato foi 15,9%, maior no GA (17,7%). Não houve correlação significativa entre IMC e prevalência de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (p = 0,46) ou hérnia de hiato (p = 0,93). Houve correlação positiva entre doença do refluxo gastroesofágico e hérnia de hiato (r = 0,54; r2 = 0,29, p < 0,0001) e entre idade e doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (r =0,10; r2 = 0,01; p = 0,01). Não houve correlação entre infecção pelo H. pylori e doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (r = -0,06;p = 0,13). Conclusões. Alterações no IMC parecem não influenciar a prevalência de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico ou hérniade hiato. A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico é mais comum em pacientes com hérnia de hiato do que naqueles sem hérniade hiato. A infecção por H. pylori não está relacionada à doença do refluxo gastroesofágico.


Objective. To describe the relation among body mass index (BMI), hiatus hernia and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease, based on Montreal Consensus. Method. Medical records of 502 obese patients which were submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before bariatricsurgery from January 2004 through December 2008 was reviewed. Age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), comorbidities and endoscopic findings were analyzed. Patients were alocated in three groups: BMI of 35 to 39.9 kg/m2 in GA; BMI of 40 to 49.9 kg/m2 in GB and BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 in GC. Statistical tests used were Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient,Anova and Fisher. Results. 422 (84%) patients were female. Mean age was 37 years (17-67). H. pylori infection prevalence was 43%. 186patients (37%) were in GA, 284 (56.5%) in GB and 32 (6.5%) in GC. Global prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease was 34.6%, greater in GC (37.5%). Global prevalence of hiatus hernia was 15.9%, greater in GA (17.7%). There was no significant correlation between increases in BMI and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (p = 0.46) or hiatus hernia (p = 0.93). There was a positive correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatus hernia (r = 0.54; r2 = 0.29, p < 0.0001) and between age and gastroesophageal reflux disease (r = 0.10; r2 = 0.01; p = 0.01). There was no correlation between H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease (r = -0.06; p = 0.13). Conclusions. Changes in BMI were not shown to alter prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease or hiatus hernia. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is more common among patients with hiatus hernia than among those without hiatus hernia. H. pylori infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease were not found to be related.

12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 8(6)nov.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-567255

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Apesar do alto valor preditivo positivo da anemia ferropriva para o câncer colorretal na população acima de 50 anos, há um atraso no diagnóstico da neoplasia, prejudicando o seu prognóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a capacidade de investigação de residentes em clínica médica em relação ao câncer colorretal nesses pacientes, em alguns hospitais gerais. MÉTODO: Trata-se de estudo descritivo e analítico. Um questionário ilustrado por um caso clínico, trazendo perguntas sobre o diagnóstico mais importante para este tipo de anemia e da maneira mais precisa para o diagnóstico precoce da sua causa, foi aplicado a 103 médicos residentes em clínica médica. A resposta correta foi suspeitar de câncer colorretal entre as três principais causas para a anemia e investigar com colonoscopia em primeiro lugar em ordem de importância diagnóstica. RESULTADOS: Oitenta profissionais (77,7%) relataram câncer colorretal entre as três principais causas de anemia, com 15 (18,8%) indicando a colonoscopia em primeiro lugar, 25 (31,3%) no segundo, 18 (22,5%) no terceiro, e 14 (17,5%) em quarto na ordem de investigação diagnóstica. Quatro (5,0%) não mencionaram ordem de prioridade para a colonoscopia, e 4 (5%) não indicaram esse exame. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as formas de investigação no que diz respeito aos residentes formados pelas duas principais escolas de Medicina em Salvador. CONCLUSÃO: Demonstrou-se que a investigação de câncer colorretal não segue um algoritmo uniforme para a avaliação da anemia ferropriva em pacientes nessa faixa etária, o que tende a retardar o diagnóstico da doença.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although the high predictive positive value of iron deficiency anemia for colorectal cancer in the population with 50 years or older, there is a delay in the neoplasia diagnosis, damaging prognosis. This study aimed at identifies resident?s ability to investigate colorectal cancer in these patients, at some general hospitals. METHOD: The study was descriptive and analytical. A questionnaire, illustrated by a clinical case, about the most important diagnosis for this type of anemia and the more precise way to the early diagnosis of its cause, was applied to a sample of 103 medical residents in internal medicine. The correct answer was to suspect of colorectal cancer among the three main causes for the anemia and to investigate it with colonoscopy in first line of choice. RESULTS: Eighty professionals (77.7%) reported colorectal cancer among the three main diagnosis, with 15 (18.8%) indicating colonoscopy in first line of choice, 25 (31.3%) in second, 18 (22.5%) in third, and 14 (17.5%) in fourth. Four (5%) didn?t mention the order of choice for colonoscopy, and 4 (5%) didn?t indicated it. No statistical significant difference was shown in the attitudes among the residents graduated by the two main medical schools at Salvador. CONCLUSION: It was shown that investigation of colorectal cancer did not follow a uniform algorithm for the assessment of iron deficiency anemia in patients at this age, what tend to delay diagnosis of the condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency , Medical Staff, Hospital , Middle Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/complications , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Physicians, Family
13.
Aletheia ; (33): 109-122, dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-692487

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se discutir a comunicação silenciosa entre mãe e bebê, a partir do pensamento de Winnicott. Fez-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada no método clínico e referencial psicanalítico, por meio do estudo de caso de uma criança, com 8 anos de idade e dificuldades no desenvolvimento da fala, sem causa orgânica, atendida em psicoterapia de orientação psicodinâmica, em que aspectos teóricos são ilustrados pelo atendimento clínico realizado. No caso relatado, foram levantadas hipóteses de a mãe haver falhado em propiciar ao filho um ambiente facilitador durante os primeiros meses de vida, assim como houve falhas do pai e do ambiente por não terem propiciado o suporte emocional satisfatório para a genitora. A dificuldade de expressão verbal da criança estava relacionada com a manutenção de uma comunicação silenciosa primitiva, que significaria a garantia da sobrevivência psíquica, diante de um ambiente que não havia se configurado, até então, como suficientemente bom.


The aim of this paper was to discuss the silent communication between mother and baby from Winnicott`s point of view. This qualitative research, based on a clinical and psychoanalytic method, considered a case study of an eight-year-old child with difficulties in speech development, without organic cause, assisted during psychodynamic psychotherapy, which theoretical aspects were illustrated by the clinical treatment carried out. In the case reported, hypotheses were raised concerning the mother having failed in providing her child with a facilitating environment during their first months of life. The father also failed, and there were failures in the environment that also did not provide a good emotional support for the mother. The difficulty in the child's verbal expression was related to the maintenance of a primary silent communication, which would mean the warranty of psychic survival in the face of an environment that had not been configured until then as being good enough.

14.
Bol. psicol ; 60(132): 45-59, jun. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-603233

ABSTRACT

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a relação inicial mãe-filho e os aspectos psicológicos das doenças psicossomáticas, em especial a psoríase (doença crônica de pele). Trata-se de um estudo teórico-clínico qualitativo,realizado a partir de análise qualitativa dos conteúdos do material clínico advindo da psicoterapia de duas crianças com psoríase atendidas em um ambulatório de um hospital público. A compreensão do material relatado pauta-se em autores de orientação psicodinâmica, que procuram compreender os significados da pele para o psiquismo humano, como órgão que estabelece o limite concreto e psíquico do eu e não-eu. A literatura sinaliza que dificuldades na relação mãe-filho podem se manifestar via afecções neste órgão. Por meio desta investigação, considera-se que a psicoterapia lúdica pode auxiliar as crianças a compreenderem e a lidarem com a agressividade e com angústias e sofrimentos associados à psoríase.


This article aims to reflect on the initial mother-child relationship and the psychological aspects of psychosomatic diseases, particularly psoriasis (chronic skin disease). It is a theoretical and clinical qualitative study, based on qualitative analysis of the contents of clinical material obtained in psychotherapy of two children with psoriasis treated in a public hospital. The comprehension of the material reported is based in psychodynamic orientation authors, who seek to understand the meanings of the skin to the human psyche as an organ, that sets the concrete and psychic limit of Me and Not-me. The literature indicates which difficulties in the mother-child relationship might be manifested through disorders in this organ. It is considered through this research that the play therapy helped the children to understand and deal with aggression, with anguish and suffering associated with psoriasis.


Subject(s)
Child , Mother-Child Relations , Psoriasis , Psychosomatic Medicine , Psychotherapy
15.
Brasília méd ; 47(4)2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-587866

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analisar os principais fatores de risco de síndrome coronariana aguda e as complicações mais frequentes em pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos hospitalizados em unidade de terapia intensiva, inclusos os casos de óbito após o evento coronariano. Método. Estudo retrospectivo, de revisão de prontuários de 740 pacientes admitidos com síndrome coronariana aguda na unidade de terapia intensiva do Hospital Santa Lúcia, Brasília, DF, no período de outubro de 2003 a fevereirode 2009. Compararam-se os dados dos 377 (51%) pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos com aqueles dos 363 (49%) pacientes com menos de 65 anos, com os testes qui ao quadrado ou exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney. Considerou-se estatisticamente significante o valor de p ? 0,05. Resultados. Os portadores de síndrome coronariana aguda com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos, em relação àqueles com idade inferior a 65 anos, apresentam, com mais frequência, infarto agudo do miocárdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (p = 0,001), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p = 0,009), diabetes melito tipo 2 (p < 0,0001), insuficiência renal crônica (p = 0,04), antecedente de acidente vascular encefálico (p = 0,01), arritmias (p = 0,01), insuficiênciacardíaca congestiva (0,01) e óbito (p < 0,0001). Conclusões. Houve diferença entre os fatores de risco com relação à idade. A hipertensão arterial sistêmica e o diabetes foram prevalentes na faixa etária igual ou acima dos 65 anos. Esses doentes têm seu curso hospitalar frequentemente acompanhado de complicações, principalmente arritmias e insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. O índice de mortalidadefoi maior nos pacientes com 65 anos de idade ou acima.


Objective. To analyze the risk factors for acute coronary syndrome and the complications in patients aged over or equal to 65 years hospitalized in an intensive care unit, including the mortality after coronary event.Method. Retrospective data collection with 740 patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome in an intensive care unit of Hospital Santa Lucia (Brasilia-DF, Brazil), from October 2003 to February 2009. Comparative analysis between the group of 377 (51%) patients aged over or equal to 65 years, and 363 (49%) patients younger than 65 yearswere performed. Data collection was based on the records, exams and interviews with patients or family members. Results. Patients aged over or equal to 65 years with acute coronary syndrome often have acute myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation (p = 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.009), type 2 diabetes mellitus (p <0.0001), chronicrenal failure (p = 0.04), previous stroke (p = 0.01), arrhythmias (p = 0.01), congestive heart failure (0.01) and death (p <0.0001). Conclusions. There were differences of risk factors with age. High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were prevalent in patients aged over or equal to 65 years. These patients have their hospital course frequently accompaniedby complications, especially arrhythmias, congestive heart failure. The mortality rate was higher in patients aged over or equal to 65 years.

16.
Arq. bras. psicol. (Rio J. 2003) ; 61(3): 97-106, dez. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-546364

ABSTRACT

A teoria de Winnicott enfatiza a relação mãe-bebê desde seus primórdios e sustenta que a saúde mental de qualquer sujeito está relacionada com o desenvolvimento emocional primitivo do bebê. Neste artigo, tomando-se por base a leitura e a discussão de textos de Winnicott, objetiva-se efetuar um estudo teórico a respeito da relação inicial da mãe com o bebê, com ênfase no desenvolvimento emocional de crianças cujas mães tenham tido algum transtorno psicótico. São discutidos temas como a preocupação materna primária, o potencial inato da criança para o desenvolvimento, além de outros conceitos da teoria winnicottiana


Winnicott´s theory emphasizes the relationship of the mother to her baby at the beginning and supports that mental health is related to child´s primitive emotional development. Based on Winnicott´s texts, it is discussed the early mother-infant relationship with emphasis on the emotional development of children whose mothers might have been affected by some psychotic disorder. Also the primary maternal preoccupation and the child's inherited tendency towards development are discussed


Subject(s)
Child Development , Mother-Child Relations , Psychotic Disorders
17.
Rev. bras. crescimento desenvolv. hum ; 19(3): 426-433, dez. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-536904

ABSTRACT

O Ambulatório de Psicoterapia de Crianças é um serviço do Setor de Saúde Mental da Criança e do Adolescente. Funciona no Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP, recebe encaminhamentos de ambulatórios do próprio hospital e de outros serviços do município e região e oferece as seguintes modalidades de atendimento segundo o referencial psicodinâmico: psicoterapia lúdica individual, grupal e orientação de pais. Considera-se que a criança é um ser em desenvolvimento e que intervenções no âmbito psíquico podem ter tanto uma dimensão terapêutica, como um caráter preventivo. Objetivou-se apresentar o funcionamento deste ambulatório a partir do relato de uma experiência de psicoterapia de uma criança que havia sofrido abuso sexual. Buscou-se tecer considerações teóricas acerca do desenvolvimento emocional da criança e do abuso sexual na infância e discutir as possíveis intervenções neste contexto. Percebeu-se a importância do acolhimento da família como um todo, afetada pela ocorrência do abuso sexual, além do diálogo entre serviços, algo facilitado no atendimento institucional.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Humans , Child Abuse, Sexual , Child Development , Mental Health Services , Psychology, Child , Violence/psychology
18.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(1): 193-200, Mar. 2009. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-553007

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis is the most prevalent infectious disease in the world. Granuloma formation and caseous necrosis are hallmarks of M. tuberculosis infection and they represent the protective and inflammatory reactions in the infected tissues. The molecular mechanisms that mediate granuloma necrosis are still not well understood. Objectives: To immunolocalize and correlate the amounts of CD68+ macrophages and CD8+ lymphocytes to caseous necrosis extension in granulomas of tuberculous pleurisy. Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of 30 pleural biopsies with histopathological diagnosis of chronic granulomatous pleurisy with caseous necrosis. These biopsies were classified according to necrosis intensity as minimal (N1), moderate (N2) and intense (N3). The number of granulomas was also observed and categorized as G1 (1 to 4 granulomas per section), G2 (5 to 8 granulomas per section), and G3 (more than 8 granulomas per section). Results: The means of CD68+ cells counts per mm² in N1, N2 and N3 categories of necrosis were 1,287 +/- 254, 1086 +/- 181 and 930 +/- 115 respectively. The means for CD8+ cells were 483.7 +/- 396, 366.3 +/- 43 and 558 +/- 53 cells per mm² in N1, N2 and N3 respectively. Conclusions: There were no significant statistical correlations between necrosis extension and cell counts. In analyzed biopsies, the number of CD68+ cells was significantly higher than the number of CD8+ cells.


La tuberculosis es una de las enfermedades más prevalentes en el mundo. La formación del granuloma junto con la necrosis caseosa son características propias de la infección por M. tuberculosis y representan reacciones inflamatorias y protectoras en los tejidos infectados. No se conocen bien los mecanismos moleculares que median la necrosis en el granuloma. Los objetivos fueron inmunolocalizar y correlacionar la cantidad de macrófagos CD68+ y linfocitos CD8+ con la extensión de la necrosis caseosa, en los granulomas de tuberculosis pleural. Análisis retrospectivo que incluyeron 30 biópsias con diagnóstico histopatológico de tuberculosis pleural granulomatosa crónica con necrosis caseosa. Estas biópsias fueron clasificadas según la intensidad de necrosis como mínima (N1), moderada (N2) e intensa (N3). También se determinó el número de granulomas, que fueron clasificados como G1 (1 a4 granulomas por sección), G2 (5 a 8 granulomas por sección), y G3 (más de 8 granulomas por sección). La cuantificación de células CD68+ por mm² en las categorías N1, N2 y N3 de necrosis fue de 1,287 +/- 254; 1086 +/-181 y 930 +/- 115, respectivamente. La cuantificación de las células CD68+ fue de 483,7 +/- 396; 366,3 +/- 43 y 558 +/- 53 células por mm² para N1, N2 y N3, respectivamente. No hubo correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la extensión de la necrosis y la cuantificación celular. El número de células CD68+ fue significativamente mayor que el número de células CD8+ en las biópsias analizadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis, Pleural/physiopathology , Tuberculosis, Pleural , Tuberculosis, Pleural/blood , Biopsy, Needle , /cytology , /ultrastructure , Macrophages, Alveolar/cytology , Macrophages, Alveolar/ultrastructure , Retrospective Studies
19.
Vínculo ; 5(2): 194-207, dic. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-505677

ABSTRACT

O desenvolvimento humano implica num caminho que vai da dependência do meio e da familia, em direção a uma maior independência. Assim, estas, questões emocionais apresentadas pelas crianças podem ter estreita relação com a dinâmica familiar. Objetiva-se, então, por meio de um estudo teórico-clínico, ampliar a compreensão acerca dos sintomas da criança, refletir sobre as relações entre os sintomas da crianca e a dinâmica familiar, assim como também refletir sobre os e limites e alcances da orientação de pais na psicoterapia psicodinâmica infantil. Optou-se por apresentar um caso clínico em que filha e mãe eram atendidas, respectivamente, em psicoterapia infantil e orientação de pais no ambulatório de psicoterapia de crianças de um hospital universitário. Por meio do atendimento da filha, ficou clara a relação entre os sintomas dela e a dinâmica familiar, com posterior encaminhamento da mãe, para a orientação de pais. Os conteúdos apresentados pela mãe referiam-se as suas questões individuais, próprias da psicoterapia individual. Contudo, compreende-se que seu acolhimento foi pertinente para a promoção do desenvolvimento emocional de ambas: mãe e da filha. Por fim, pensa-se que um olhar investigativo para o funcionamento familiar colabora para o entendimento dos psicodinamismos da criança e para melhores resultados no processo psicoterapêutico.


Human development involves a path of dependence on the environment and family toward greater independence and thus emotional issues presented by children may have close relationship with the family dynamics. The purpose of this article is then to broaden the understanding about the child symptoms, to reflect about the relations among the children's symptoms, family dynamics and the limits and scopes of parent's orientation in psychodynamic child psychotherapy, through a theoretical and clinical study. It was chosen to present a case of daughter and mother attended, respectively, in child psychotherapy and parents guidance at the clinic for children psychotherapy of a university hospital. The attendance showed a clear link between the daughterïs symptoms and family dynamics, with the routing of the mother to the parent's orientation. The content provided by the mother referred to issues proper to individual psychotherapy, however, it is understood that the acceptance of them was relevant to promote the emotional development of both mother and daughter. Finally, it is thought that a look at the family dynamics can be helpful to understand children psychodynamics and to reach better results in the psychotherapeutic process.


El desarrollo humano implica un camino de la dependencia del medio ambiente y de la familia hacia una mayor independencia emocional. Por lo tanto, las cuestiones emocionales presentadas por los ninos pueden tener una estrecha relacion con la dinamica familiar. El objetivo de este trabajo es ampliar la comprension acerca de los sintomas del nino, reflexionar sobre las relaciones entre los sintomas del nino, la dinamica familiar y los limites y alcances de la orientacion de padres en la psicoterapia infantil, utilizando una parte teorica y estudio clinico. Hemos elegido, para presentar, un caso de madre e hija que asistieron, respectivamente, a la psicoterapia de ninos y a la orientacion de padres en la clinica de psicoterapia para ninos de un hospital universitario. A traves de este servicio, se puso claro un vinculo entre los sintomas de su hija y la dinamica familiar, con el encaminamiento de la madre a la orientacion de padres. El contenido proporcionado por la madre se refiere a las sus cuestiones, lo que es propio de la psicoterapia individual. Sin embargo, se entiende que la acogida de ellos fue necesario para promover el desarrollo emocional de las dos: madre y la hija. Por ultimo, se considera que una mirada a la familia, trabaja para la comprension de la psicodinamica de los ninos y para los mejores resultados en el proceso psicoterapeutico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child Guidance , Psychotherapy , Parent-Child Relations , Family Therapy
20.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(11): 900-906, nov. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-623377

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de aspergilose broncopulmonar alérgica (ABPA) em pacientes com fibrose cística acompanhados em um centro de referência da Bahia. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com coleta prospectiva de dados, realizado no Centro de Referência de Fibrose Cística da Bahia do Hospital Especializado Octavio Mangabeira. Foram incluídos no estudo 74 pacientes que tinham diagnóstico de fibrose cística, com idade acima de 6 anos e tratados entre 9 de dezembro de 2003 e 7 de março de 2005. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: gênero, idade, capacidade vital forçada, volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo, resposta a prova farmacodinâmica, achados em radiografia torácica e de seios de face, presença de sibilância, culturas para Aspergillus spp., imunoglobulina E (IgE) total, IgE específica para Aspergillus fumigatus e teste cutâneo de leitura imediata para aspergilina. RESULTADOS: Dos 74 pacientes, 2 foram diagnosticados com ABPA. Níveis de IgE total > 1.000 UI/mL foram observados em 17 pacientes (23%), teste cutâneo de leitura imediata para A. fumigatus positivos em 19 (25,7%) e sibilância em 60 (81,1%). CONCLUSÕES: A taxa de prevalência de ABPA foi de 2,7%. As altas taxas de IgE total, de teste cutâneo imediato para A. fumigatus positivos e de sibilância sugerem que estes pacientes devam ser acompanhados cuidadosamente por haver a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de ABPA.


OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in patients with cystic fibrosis treated at a referral center in the state of Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, with prospective data collection, carried out at the Cystic Fibrosis Referral Center of Bahia of the Octavio Mangabeira Specialized Hospital. We evaluated 74 patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, older than six years of age, treated between December 9, 2003 and March 7, 2005. We analyzed the following variables: gender, age, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, pharmacodynamic response, chest X-ray findings, facial sinus X-ray findings, wheezing, cultures for Aspergillus spp., total immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE for Aspergillus fumigatus and immediate skin test reactivity to A.fumigatus antigen. RESULTS: Of the 74 patients, 2 were diagnosed with ABPA. We found total IgE levels > 1,000 IU/mL in 17 (23%), positive immediate skin reactivity to A. fumigatus antigen in 19 (25.7%) and wheezing in 60 (81.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ABPA was 2.7%. The high levels of total IgE, high incidence of wheezing and high rate of immediate skin test reactivity to A. fumigatus antigen suggest that these patients should be carefully monitored due to their propensity to develop ABPA.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/epidemiology , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/immunology , Aspergillus fumigatus/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Skin Tests
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