role of cerB-B-2, BCL-2 and fibronectin immunohistochemical expression in the progression of bladder carcinoma

This work aimed to assess the role of cerb-B-2, BC1-2 and fibronectin expression in the progression of bladder carcinomas. It studied 55 bladder carcinoma cases, 22 squamous cell carcinomas and 33 transitional cell carcinomas. Using the Mann-Whitney test, no significant difference was found between squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma regarding the immmnohistochemical scores of cerb-B-2, BCL-2 and fibronectin [pericellular, stromal]. Using the Spearman's correlation test, a direct significant correlation was present between different grades and immunohistochemical expression of cerb-B-2, BCL-2 and stromal fibronectin where rs = 0.873, 0.737 and 0.911. However, an inverse significant correlation was found between different grades and pericellular fibronectin where rs = 0.700. Also, a direct significant correlation was found between the expression of cerb-B-2, BCL-2 and stromal fibronectin and the different stages of bladder carcinoma where rs = 0.893, 0.794 and 0.873]. On the other hand, pericellular fibronectin showed an inverse significant correlation with the different stages where rs = -0.794

Effect of diltiazem and captopril on renal pathology in glycerol induced acute renal failure in rats

To evaluate the effect of pharmacologic vasodilators on glycerol induced acute renal failure, we studied untreated animals and those given Diltiazem and Captopril at a period of 24 hours 3 days and seven days after the onset of acute renal failure. At each time comparative assessment of renal histology were performed. Diltiazem a calcium channel blocker significantly reduced the extent of tubular cell necrosis and was associated with a more rapid histologic recovery. Captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, did not influence renal pathology throughout the observation period. Diltiazem was benificial and offered significant protection against glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats; it may have a protective effect at least in early stages of acute renal failure in humans

Significance of nucleolar organizer regions in differentiation between benign tumours and their malignant counterparts

Nucleolar organizer regions [NORs] represent nuclear activity in both normal and malignant cells. Using the argyrophilic technique on routinely processed formalin fixed paraffin sections, NORs appear as black dots. In the present work, benign tumors and their malignant counterparts in several organs [skin, colon, thyroid and prostate] have been studied. It was found that there is a significant increase in the mean number of AgNORs [X] in malignant cases [X = 5.95] which is more than their benign counterparts [X = 2.8] except in pilomatrixoma where the mean number was 10.3, 10.5. In dysplastic colonic polypi, the topographic distribution of NORs was similar to that found in well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon but still having a statistically significant difference in their count. So, NORs count could be useful in distinguishing between benign, dysplastic and malignant lesions of the skin, colon, thyroid gland and prostate

Prognostic value of nucleolar organizer regions in urothelial carcinoma in relation to grading and staging

Using a silver staining technique, nucleolar organizer regions were identified in routinely processed paraffin sections of 40 cases of epithelial urinary bladder lesions. The technique shows argyrophilic NOR associated proteins [AgNORs], which are seen in nuclei as black dots. There was a significant difference between benign urothelial hyperplasia and carcinoma [t=5.301] as well as between the different grades of urothelial carcinoma; grade 1 and 2 [t=4.697] and grade 2 and 3 [t=5.717], where there was an inverse relationship between the number of AgNORs and degree of differentiation. There was no significant difference between in situ and grade 1 urothelial carcinoma. [t=0.323]