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1.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(4): 496-507, ago. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346501

ABSTRACT

Resumen Nuestro objetivo fue evidenciar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas frente al COVID-19. Fueron encuestados 3774 individuos mayores de 16 años entre el 18/09/20 y el 16/10/20. El 80% residía en la ciudad de Buenos Aires o la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El 58% había completado estudio terciario. El 72% tenía actividad laboral independiente o en relación de dependencia pública o privada. Utilizaban el sistema de salud prepago el 51%, obra social laboral el 34%, y sistema público de salud cerca del 10%. De acuerdo a las variables socio-demográficas analizadas, la mayoría de la población fue representativa de la clase media. Del total de encuestados, el 7% tuvo diagnóstico de COVID-19. Observamos un alto nivel de conocimiento de la enfermedad, con 80 a 90% de respuestas correctas. En relación a las medidas adoptadas por las autoridades, los juicios emitidos variaron entre "correctas", "insuficientes", "perjudiciales", "innecesarias", etc. El 44% se sentía protegido por el sistema de salud. En cuanto a los referentes válidos para transmitir información, la respuesta preponderante fue el personal médico. En cuanto al momento deconsultar por síntomas, un porcentaje impor tante (28%) lo haría en forma tardía. Observamos un alto grado de cumplimiento de las medidas de protección, a excepción del ítem "Asistencia a reuniones" (50%). Los resultados de estos estudios contribuyen a establecer estrategias comunicacionales para la prevención y el control de la enfermedad y de ese modo enfrentar de forma más eficiente eventuales rebrotes de la enfermedad.


Abstract Our objective was to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices against COVID-19. A total of 3774 persons were surveyed between September 18 and October 16, 2020. Eighty% resided in Buenos Aires City or Buenos Aires Province: 58% had completed tertiary education; 72% worked either independently or as employees in the public or the private sector; 51% used a prepaid health care plan, 34% were covered by a trade union-based health system, and near 10% used the public health services. According to the socio-demographic variables analyzed, the population studied was representative of the middle class. A total of 7% had been diag nosed with COVID-19. There was a high level of knowledge about the disease, judging by the high proportion of correct answers (80-90%). Regarding the measures taken by the government, the answers varied widely ("correct", "inadequate", "harmful", "unnecessary", etc.). The medical staff was the preferred source of information; 44% of respondents felt protected by their health system; 28% would only seek healthcare when feeling very sick. There was a high degree of compliance with most protection measures, except for attendance to social events in poorly ventilated spaces (50%). The results of these studies contribute to establishing communication strategies for the prevention and control of COVID-19 and thus deal more efficiently with eventual outbreaks of the disease.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Argentina/epidemiology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 77(6): 465-468, dic. 2017. map, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894522

ABSTRACT

La asociación entre diseminación de infecciones comunitarias, pobreza y hacinamiento es bien conocida. En nuestro hospital observamos casos esporádicos de infecciones post-cesárea por cepas de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente de origen comunitario (SAMRCo). En un estudio prospectivo de familias de José C. Paz atendidas en nuestro hospital, investigamos la relación entre antecedentes de infecciones de piel y partes blandas (IPPB) y hacinamiento extremo (hogares con necesidades básicas insatisfechas tipo 3, (NBI 3). Fueron incluidos 264 hogares; 109 (41.3%) tenían historia de IPPB y 59 (22.3%) eran NBI 3. El 61.0% de los hogares NBI 3 y el 35.6% de los hogares no NBI 3 refirieron IPPB (p = 0.00047). Georreferenciamos los domicilios con Google Maps y los ubicamos en un plano de José C. Paz NBI del censo nacional 2010. En barrios con un porcentaje de NBI > 9.7%, el 51.2% de los hogares tuvo antecedentes de IPPB. Cuando este porcentaje era ≤ 9.7% el porcentaje bajó al 31.1% (p = 0.0019). Estos resultados son sugestivos de diseminación comunitaria de estas infecciones asociada a hacinamiento y barrios pobres. Se debe considerar la presencia de SAMRCo en IPPB comunitarias. Por ello, en mujeres procedentes de zonas con alto porcentaje NBI o con antecedentes de IPPB se podría considerar la inclusión de la vancomicina o la clindamicina en la profilaxis de los partos por cesárea.


The association of the spread of community infections with poverty and overcrowding is well known. In our hospital, located in José C. Paz, we assist sporadic cases of post-cesarean infections caused by community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CaMRSA). In a prospective study of families treated at our hospital, we investigated the relationship between a history of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and extreme overcrowding defined as households with unsatisfied basic needs type 3 (NBI 3). A total of 264 households were included in the study; 109 (41.3%) had a history of SSTI and 59 (22.3%) were NBI 3. A total of 61.0% of the NBI 3 households and 35.6% of the non-NBI 3 households reported SSTI (p = 0.00047). Using Google Maps, we georeferenced households and identified them on a NBI map adapted from the 2010 demographic census. In neighborhoods with NBI > 9.7%, 51.2% of the households had a history of SSTI. When NBI was < 9.7%, the percentage fell to 31.1% (p = 0.0019). These results are suggestive of an association of SSTI acquired in the community with overcrowding and poverty. The presence of CaMRSA in community SSTIs should be suspected. Vancomycin or clindamycin prophylaxis could be considered when cesarean deliveries are performed in women from areas with high NBI or with a history of SSTI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Crowding , Skin Diseases, Bacterial/epidemiology , Soft Tissue Infections/epidemiology , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Argentina/epidemiology , Poverty , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/transmission , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Family Characteristics , Prospective Studies , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Community-Acquired Infections/transmission , Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology
4.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 30(3): 230-239, jul.-set. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-765590

ABSTRACT

El tumor fibroso solitario del hígado es infrecuente. Hasta la fecha, se han reportado menos de 50 casos en la literatura científica inglesa, la mayoría de los cuales se comportaron como tumores benignos. El objetivo del presente artículo es actualizar el conocimiento sobre este tumor porque, debido a su rareza, la presentación clínica, el estudio, el tratamiento y el pronóstico no son bien conocidos. Habitualmente, no produce sintomatología o es inespecífica y su comportamiento a largo plazo es incierto; no obstante, en algunos casos, se comporta agresivamente como un sarcoma de mal pronóstico. Actualmente, solo el tratamiento quirúrgico puede ofrecer una oportunidad terapéutica para estos pacientes. Debido a la falta de conocimiento sobre el comportamiento a largo plazo de estos tumores supuestamente benignos y a la falta de tratamiento médico específico, se sugiere el seguimiento metódico a largo plazo para garantizar la supervivencia de los pacientes operados por un tumor fibroso solitario del hígado.


Solitary fibrous tumors of the liver (SFTL) are uncommon tumors. To the present day less than 50 cases has been reported in the scientific English literature, most of which behaved as benign tumors. The present article has the main purpose of updating knowledge on SFTL because, due to its rarity, its clinical presentation, study, treatment and prognosis, are not well known. The clinical presentation, radiologic study, surgical treatment, immunohistochemical study and prognosis are updated and comprehensively discussed. The SFTL is an uncommon neoplasm. The clinical presentation is habitually indolent and its behavior is uncertain. In some cases, the SFTL acts as an aggressive sarcoma with poor prognosis. Currently, only surgery offers a therapeutic opportunity for these patients. Due to the lack of current knowledge on the long-term behavior of supposedly benign SFTLs and to the lack of specific therapies, methodical long-term follow-up is essential to ensure the survival of patients treated for SFTL.


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver , Hemangiopericytoma , Hepatectomy , Liver Neoplasms , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural
5.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 28(1): 54-63, ene.-mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-675259

ABSTRACT

La hernia diafragmática complicada de presentación tardía constituye una urgencia quirúrgica debido a la isquemia y eventual necrosis y gangrena de los órganos herniados. Los órganos o estructuras que se encuentran con mayor riesgo de sufrir complicaciones por la hernia son el colon, el estómago, el bazo, el epiplón mayor y los intestinos. La necrosis y gangrena del estómago se deben a su estrangulamiento dentro de la hernia, lo que constituye una complicación grave y potencialmente mortal. El presente artículo resume brevemente la literatura científica relevante sobre el diagnóstico clínico y radiológico, y el tratamiento de la necrosis gástrica como complicación de la hernia diafragmática de presentación tardía.


Complicated diaphragmatic hernia with delayed presentation constitutes a surgical emergency due to ischemia and eventual necrosis and gangrene of the herniated organs. The organs or structures at greater risk of complications are colon, stomach, spleen, greater omentum, and small bowel. Gastric necrosis and gangrene are secondary to the twisting and strangulation of the stomach inside the hernia sac, constituting a severe and potentially lethal complication. This article reviews and briefly resumes the current relevant literature on the clinical and radiological diagnosis and the treatment of gastric necrosis as complication of diaphragmatic hernia with delayed presentation.


Subject(s)
Hernia, Diaphragmatic , Stomach , Gastrectomy , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic
6.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 27(2): 129-138, abr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-650050

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La infrecuente situación clínica que constituye la gran masa inflamatoria encontrada durante una apendicectomía que llevó a una hemicolectomía y los hallazgos patológicos que causaron el proceso inflamatorio, son las razones que motivaron la revisión de los casos presentados durante los últimos 10 años en nuestra institución, con el objetivo de establecer sus características y la conducta apropiada. Pacientes y método. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de casos consecutivos. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes adultos operados con diagnóstico de apendicitis entre 1999 y 2008. Durante este periodo, 2.175 pacientes fueron operados a través de una incisión de McBurney. En 39 casos (1,7 %) fue necesaria la hemicolectomía derecha. Resultados. En todos los casos se practicó anastomosis primaria íleo-colon. Se presentaron complicaciones en 69 % de los casos, con una mortalidad de 5 %. Según el estudio histopatológico, la condición más frecuente que causó la masa inflamatoria fue la apendicitis asociada a hiperplasia linfática focal (25 pacientes, 54 %, p<0,0001). Otras condiciones patológicas fueron: diverticulitis del colon derecho, diverticulitis cecal, necrosis de pared del colon y otros tumores del colon y del apéndice. Conclusiones. Los resultados de esta serie confirman que la hemicolectomía derecha en pacientes inicialmente programados para apendicectomía, es una situación inusual. Cuando ocurre, se debe a la presencia de una condición patológica compleja e inesperada. La hemicolectomía derecha con anastomosis primaria tiene una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad; sin embargo, ante los hallazgos y la duda diagnóstica, constituye una opción apropiada.


Introduction: The uncommon clinical condition resulting from a large inflammatory mass encountered at appendectomy that lead to a major colonic resection and the pathology findings motivated this review covering all cases operated on over the past 10 years at our institution, aiming to define the characteristics and adequate approach. Patients and methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive review of consecutive cases. All clinical records of adult patients operated on for suspected acute appendicitis between 1999 and 2008 were reviewed. During this period 2,175 patients were approached through a McBurney incision. Of them, 39 patients (1.7%) required a right hemicolectomy and were the subject of this analysis. Results: A right hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis was performed in all cases. Complications developed in 69% cases, with 5% mortality. According to the histologic report, the most frequent condition causing the inflammatory mass was acute appendicitis with focal lymphatic hyperplasia (25 patients, 54%, p<0.0001). Other pathological conditions were: right colonic diverticulitis, cecal diverticulitis, colonic wall necrosis, and appendicular or colonic tumors. Conclusions: The results of this series confirm that a right colectomy in patients initially submitted to appendectomy is an unusual clinical scenario. When this occurs, it is due to serious and unexpected pathological conditions. Right colectomy with primary anastomosis has a high morbidity and mortality rates; however, when facing the findings and diagnostic concerns constitutes the appropriate choice.


Subject(s)
Colectomy , Appendectomy , Appendiceal Neoplasms , Colonic Neoplasms
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(12): 1597-1601, dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-543137

ABSTRACT

Splenic lymphangiomas are benign primary simple or multiple tumors. They are incidentally diagnosed in children and people younger than 20 year-old. We report a 26-year-old female presenting with a history of five months of abdominal pain localized over the left upper hemi abdomen. A computed tomographic abdominal scan demonstrated a cystic tumor of 16 cm diameter originating from the spleen. Hydatic serology was negative and all blood tests were normal. At surgery, a spienic cyst was found and almost all the cystic wall was excised, leaving only a small portion attached to the spleen. The pathological report described spienic parenchyma with endothelial lining over the internal side of the cyst. Immunohystochemical stains of the endothelial cells were positive for VIII Factor and D2-40 that are specific for lymphatic endothelium, yielding the final diagnosis of a cystic spienic lymphangioma.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnosis , Splenic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphangioma, Cystic/surgery , Splenic Neoplasms/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(10): 1341-1345, oct. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-534041

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal duplications are uncommon developmental abnormalities that occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. We report a 36 year-old female admitted to the emergency room due to abdominal pain. Computed abdominal tomography demonstrated small bowel ¡oops surrounding a tubular cystic structure and peritoneal free fluid. The surgical exploration revealed multiple malignant implants covering the visceral and parietal peritoneum and infiltrating completely the omentum. At the Heal mesentery we found a tubular cystic whitish tumor measuring 12 cm of diameter and 15 cm on length. A complete resection of the tumor was not considered an option due to the extensive peritoneal dissemination. Thirty-four days after the operation the patient died. The histopathology of the cystic wall was compatible with the architecture of intestinal wall extensively infiltrated by a moderately differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma; a mucosal lining in parts atrophic and in parts infiltrated or replaced by adenocarcinoma was observed. A well structured muscular layer was recognized, and the myenteric plexus was identified.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Ileal Neoplasms/pathology , Ileum/abnormalities , Fatal Outcome
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(9): 1197-1200, sep. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-534022

ABSTRACT

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is an autosomic dominant condition affecting the central nervous systema and presenting a disposition towards development of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). We report a 38year-old female patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 that required emergency surgery due to a perforated GIST originating in the fourth duodenal portion. The GIST, and the fourth duodenal portion, were excised and a primary duodenum-jejunal anastomosis was performed. The pathological study showed a partially necrotic solid-cystic tumor with 1 to 2 mitoses per 50-high-power fields. The cells stained positively to CD 117, CD34 and Desmin, and were negative to S-100, Vimentin, and Smooth Muscle a-Actin. The patient is currently asymptomatic and under follow-up during the last 11 months after surgery (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137:1197-200).


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/pathology , Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/surgery
10.
Rev. chil. cir ; 60(2): 154-157, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-497964

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incidencia de diverticulitis apendicular es de 0,004 por ciento a 2,1 por ciento en diferentes series. Reporte de caso: Paciente masculino de 30 años de edad que consulta por un cuadro de 7 días de evolución con dolor abdominal localizado en la fosa ilíaca derecha. Con el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda es sometido a apendicectomía encontrándose un apéndice inflamado en la punta y cubierto de fibrina. A la histología se observa un divertículo apendicular edematoso e infiltrado por polimorfonucleares y peritonitis periapendicular. La pared del apéndice se encuentra sin signos inflamatorios y el lumen es de diámetro normal. El paciente evoluciona sin complicaciones en el postoperatorio y es dado de alta en buenas condiciones. Discusión: La diverticulitis apendicular se manifiesta con dolor abdominal insidioso que puede preceder hasta en 14 días a la cirugía. Algunos pacientes mencionan episodios de dolor previo similares al actual. La ecografía y la tomografía abdominal son inespecíficas para el diagnóstico, y el tratamiento es el mismo de la apendicitis: la apendicectomía. Debido a que el tratamiento es tardío comparado con la apendicitis aguda, los pacientes que sufren de diverticulitis apendicular tienen una mayor incidencia de complicaciones en el postoperatorio. Nuestro paciente presentó algunas de estas características y cursó un postoperatorio sin complicaciones.


The incidence of appendiceal diverticulitis varies from 0.004 percent to 2.1 percent in different series. We report a 30 years old male that consulted for 7 days of abdominal pain located at the right lower quadrant. He was operated with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. During surgery, a distally inflamed appendix covered with fibrin was observed. Pathology reported an edematous diverticulum infiltrated by polymorphonuclear cells and periappendiceal peritonitis. The appendiceal wall was normal and the appendiceal lumen diameter was preserved. Postoperative evolution was uneventful and the patient was discharged in good conditions. Appendiceal diverticulitis manifest as insidious abdominal pain lasting 1 to 14 days before surgery. Some patients had previous episodes of pain. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography are unspecific for the diagnosis of appendiceal diverticulitis and the treatment is just the same as for acute appendicitis: appendectomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Appendicitis/surgery , Diverticulitis/surgery , Appendectomy , Appendix/pathology , Treatment Outcome
11.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 18(4): 378-382, oct.-dic. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-482812

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are found most commonly in the stomach, jejunum and ileum. Usually they are submucosal encapsulated nodules, measuring from few millimeters to 9 cm. The prognostic factors are size of the tumor, number of mitotic figures and the presence of metastases at the time of the diagnosis. Gigantic gastric GIST has been reported , symptoms in this tumors, are related to the appearance of complications. Here in we discuss the case of 55-years-old male who had a gigantic gastric GIST . At surgery we found a cystic tumor which origin was the greater gastric curvature. Inmunohistochemical studies were positive for CD34, CD117. The histological report informed more than 10 mitotic figures for high power field, that associated to the tumoral size, allowed us to classify this tumor as a malignant GIST. After recovery from surgery the patient was referred to adjuvant treatment with imatinib.


Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) se encuentran con mayor frecuencia en estómago, yeyuno e ileon. Habitualmente son nódulos encapsulados submucosos que miden entre unos pocos milímetros y 9cm de diámetro. El pronóstico depende del tamaño del tumor, del número de mitosis y de la presencia de metástasis en el momento del diagnóstico. Se han reportado algunos GIST gástricos gigantes los que son sintomáticos secundariamente a sus complicaciones. En el presente reporte, discutimos el caso de un paciente masculino de 55 años portador de un GIST gástrico gigante. En la cirugía se encontró un tumor quístico que se originaba en la curvatura mayor del estómago. La inmunohistoquímica fue positiva para CD34 y CD117. El estudio histológico informó de más de 10 mitosis por campo de aumento mayor, lo que asociado al tamaño nos permitió clasificar el tumor como un GIST maligno. Después de la cirugía el paciente fue derivado para tratamiento adyuvante con imatinib.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/surgery , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(10): 1318-1322, oct. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-470712

ABSTRACT

Pancreatic choristoma is the ocurrence of normal pancreatic tissue in an abnormal location without any anatomic continuity with the main body of the gland. Although heterotopia is uncommon in the gallbladder and biliary tract, anecdotic cases of gastric mucosa, liver, adrenal gland and pancreas among other tissues have been described. We report an eight year-old male and a 22 year-old female, electively operated for symptomatic cholelithiasis. On pathology, a nodule identified as a pancreatic endocrine and exocrine choristoma, was found in the gallbladder wall of both patients. We employed immunohistochemistry to characterize this choristoma. Tubular and epithelial structures were immunoreactive to cytokeratins 7, 8, 18, 19 and 20 and to CA19-9. Exocrine activity was documented by immunoreactivity to al-antitrypsin and al-chemotrypsin. Other immunohistochemical markers such as insulin and somatostatin were positive identifying endocrine activity.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Choristoma/pathology , Gallbladder Diseases/pathology , Pancreas , Biomarkers/metabolism , Choristoma/surgery , Gallbladder Diseases/surgery , Immunohistochemistry
13.
Rev. chil. cir ; 59(3): 229-232, jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-465002

ABSTRACT

El tejido hepático heterotópico es una condición poco común que se identifica con mayor frecuencia durante la exploración quirúrgica del abdomen por otras indicaciones. Describimos un caso de tejido hepático heterotópico localizado en la pared externa de la vesícula biliar de un paciente masculino de 47 años de edad, en el cual se realizó una colecistectomía laparoscópica porcolelitiasis sintomática. El reporte histopatológico informa de cambios crónicos en la pared vesicular y leve infiltrado linfocitario difuso en el corion de la mucosa y muscularis mucosae sin compromiso inflamatorio o infiltración por otros tejidos. El nodulo hepático compromete solo la serosa y mide 12x8x6 mm, la arquitectura es típica del parénquima hepático con su arquitectura lobulillar conservada y leve hiperemia centrolobulillar difusa. Aún cuando el coristoma hepático de nuestro paciente constituye un hallazgo inesperado, es importante destacar las implicaciones patológicas de este tejido y el potencial de malignidad asociado al mismo.


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Choristoma/surgery , Choristoma/pathology , Gallbladder Diseases/surgery , Gallbladder Diseases/pathology , Liver , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Treatment Outcome
14.
Rev. chil. cir ; 59(1): 38-45, feb. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-445269

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Pocos estudios han evaluado el valor predictivo del recuento de leucocitos (RL) y de la proteína C reactiva (PCR) en diferentes puntos de corte en niños con apendicitis. El objetivo de este estudio es el de determinar los puntos de corte para RL y PCR en diferentes periodos de tiempo dentro de la evolución clínica de la apendicitis y establecer su utilidad en el diagnóstico de apendicitis y en la diferenciación entre apendicitis simple y perforada. Material y Método. Estudiamos 198 pacientes operados por apendicitis, dividiéndolos en 4 grupos de acuerdo al periodo de tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas hasta el diagnóstico. Se construyeron curvas ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) para evaluar los valores de RL y PCR, los mejores puntos de corte fueron utilizados en el cálculo de la sensibilidad, especificidad y exactitud diagnóstica de estos exámenes para discriminar entre pacientes con y sin apendicitis y entre pacientes con apendicitis simple y perforada. Resultados. El RL y la PCR individualmente y asociadas, tienen una elevada sensibilidad para diferenciar entre pacientes con y sin apendicitis. La especificidad del RL y la PCR individualmente y asociadas para diferenciar entre pacientes con apendicitis simple y perforada es elevada pero la sensibilidad es baja. Conclusiones. El RL y la PCR pueden utilizarse para apoyar el diagnóstico clínico de apendicitis y dependiendo del tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y el diagnóstico, diferenciar pacientes con y sin apendicitis y discriminar entre apendicitis simple y perforada.


Background: White blood cell count (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) at different cutoff values may have a predictive value for the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. Aim: To determine the value of WBC and CRP for the diagnosis of appendicitis and for the differentiation of simple from perforated appendicitis. Material and Methods: We studied 198 patients (aged 2 to 14 years, 96 males) operated for appendicitis divided in 4 groups according to the lapse between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis (12 hours or less, 13 to 24 hours, 25 to 48 hours and more than 48 hours). The gold standard for the diagnosis was the pathological study of the surgical piece. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed for CRP and WBC; the best cutoff points were used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy to discriminate patients with and without appendicitis, and patients with simple and perforated appendicitis. Results: At a cut off point ranging from 14600 to 15400 cells/mm³, the sensitivity and specificity of WBC to differentiate children with an without appendicitis ranged from 0.9 to 1 and from 0.2 to 0.4 respectively, in the different groups of children studied. The sensitivity and specificity for CRP, at a cut off point ranging from 4.7 and 9.8 mg/dl, ranged 0.9 to 1 and from 0.2 to 0.4 mg/dl respectively, in the different groups. Sensitivity and specificity values did not change significantly when both WBC count and PCR were considered together. The specificity of WBC and CRP, individually or together, to differentiate patients with simple and perforated appendicitis is high but the sensitivity is low. Conclusions: WBC and CRP have a good sensitivity but a low specificity for the diagnosis of appendicitis. For the differentiation between simple and perforated appendicitis, these laboratory values have a high specificity but a low sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Appendicitis/blood , Leukocyte Count , C-Reactive Protein/blood , Appendicitis/surgery , Biomarkers/blood , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
15.
Rev. chil. cir ; 58(5): 359-364, oct. 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-438437

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hernioplastía libre de tension de Lichtenstein es considerada el gold standard para la reparación electiva de hernias inguinales en pacientes masculinos. El tratamiento ideal de la hernia inguinal complicada no se encuentra universalmente establecido; las opciones quirúrgicas son las mismas de la cirugía electiva. Objetivo. Evaluación de los resultados de la hernioplastía de Lichtenstein de urgencia. Material y Método. Se estudiaron mediante entrevista y examen físico 48 pacientes operados de urgencia por hernia inguinal complicada mediante la técnica de Lichtenstein, el protocolo se complementó con la información de la ficha clínica de cada paciente. Resultados. El promedio de edad fue 54,2 años y el de estadía hospitalaria 2,8 días. En la mayoría de los pacientes, se encontraron signos de estrangulación como isquemia de asa intestinal o infarto de epiplón mayor sin peritonitis, en ningún caso se realizó resección intestinal. En 5 pacientes, la inguinodinia del postoperatorio persistió entre 1 a 60 días, en un paciente persiste como inguinodinia crónica. Se produjeron 13 complicaciones en el postoperatorio inmediato, las complicaciones hemorrágicas no requirieron de exploración quirúrgica y junto con la retención urinaria fueron las más frecuentes. En ningún caso se presentó recurrencia de la hernia. Conclusiones. El uso de la técnica de Lichtenstein para la reparación de urgencia de hernias inguinales complicadas, en pacientes seleccionados, es seguro y los resultados son similares a los resultados de la cirugía electiva.


Introduction. The Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty is the gold standard for elective repair of inguinal hernias in male patients. The ideal surgical treatment for complicated inguinal hernia is not completely established; the options are the same as for elective surgery. Our aim was the evaluation and analysis of the outcomes of emergency Lichtenstein hernioplasty. Material and method. Follow-up of 48 patients studied through interview and physical exam, information consigned in the clinical records of each patient was used to complete the protocol. Results. Mean age was 54.2 years and the length of stay 2.8 days. In most patients signs of strangulation were found such as intestinal ischemia or greater omentum infarct without peritonitis, no intestinal resection was performed. In 5 patients, postoperative inguinodynia lasted from 1 to 60 days, in 1 patient remains as chronic inguinodynia. Thirteen patients developed immediate postoperative complications, hemorrhagic complications did not require surgical exploration and together with urinary retention were the most common complications. There were no hernia recurrences to date. Conclusions. The surgical outcomes for complicated inguinal hernias are mostly excellent when the procedure used is the Lichtenstein hernioplasty.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Emergency Treatment , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Follow-Up Studies , Interviews as Topic , Length of Stay , Patient Satisfaction , Postoperative Complications , Quality of Life
16.
Rev. chil. cir ; 58(2): 147-150, abr. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-429203

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las hernias incisionales son una de las complicaciones más frecuentes de la cirugía abdominal. Las hernias incisionales primarias se presentan en 2 por ciento a 20 por ciento de los pacientes operados mediante laparotomía. Las complicaciones de estas hernias son la incarceración y estrangulación. La ruptura espontánea de la piel que cubre la hernia y consiguiente evisceración de los intestinos a través del defecto, actualmente es una complicación inusual de la hernia incisional. Reporte de caso. Reportamos el caso de una paciente con ruptura espontánea de una hernia incisional y evisceración, la cual fue tratada con éxito mediante el uso de prótesis de polipropileno sobre el defecto en posición supra- aponeurótica. La paciente, de 81 años de edad, se presentó en la Unidad de Emergencias de nuestra institución debido a la ruptura espontánea del saco herniario y la piel que lo cubría, de una hernia incisional gigante de la línea media infraumbilical; a través del defecto protruían asas intestinales. La reparación primaria y cierre de la aponeurosis de los músculos rectos anteriores del abdomen no fue posible. Después de la resección de todo el tejido de mala calidad del saco herniario y de toda la piel dañada, se cerró el saco herniario con puntos en “U”. Una malla de polipropileno fue fijada sobre la aponeurosis de los músculos recto anterior del abdomen. La paciente se recuperó satisfactoriamente. En el seguimiento y control 2 años después de la cirugía la paciente se encuentra asintomática.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Hernia, Ventral/surgery , Laparotomy/adverse effects , Surgical Mesh , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Polypropylenes/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
17.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(4): 485-490, abr. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-428550

ABSTRACT

Endometriosis is a common, chronic, benign, estrogen dependent gynecological disorder associated to pelvic pain and infertility. Its main characteristic is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. The prevalence of pelvic endometriosis ranges between 6% and 10% women during their reproductive years. Clinical symptoms of pelvic endometriosis are pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dispareunia and infertility. Distal ileum endometriosis is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction with a frequency of 7% to 23% of all cases with intestinal involvement. We report two patients, 30 and 34 years old, with terminal ileum endometriosis and intestinal obstruction that required surgery and intestinal resection. Both patients are well one year after the operation.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Endometriosis/complications , Ileal Diseases/complications , Intestinal Obstruction/etiology , Biopsy , Dysmenorrhea/pathology , Endometriosis/pathology , Endometriosis/surgery , Ileal Diseases/pathology , Ileal Diseases/surgery , Ileostomy , Infertility/pathology , Intestinal Obstruction/pathology , Intestinal Obstruction/surgery
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(1): 39-47, ene. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-426116

ABSTRACT

Background: Diagnostic scores have been developed as simple, user-friendly, cost-effective instruments to improve the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Aim: To assess the yield of a diagnostic score for acute appendicitis, measured by trained health-related non-physician professional. Patients and methods: A prospective, double blind, non-randomized trial. Emergency room nurses applied a previously validated diagnostic score for appendicitis to patients aged more than 15 years with abdominal pain and tachycardia or fever. The main outcome was the percentage of patients operated for acute appendicitis that had a positive score for appendicitis and a pathologically demonstrated appendicitis. Results: The mean scores for patients operated or not operated for appendicitis were 8.64 and 3.31, respectively. The figures for sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of the score were 0.83, 0.98 and 0.94, respectively. Conclusions: An appendicitis score measured by health-related non-physician professionals has a similar diagnostic yield than clinical judgment.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Health Personnel , Acute Disease , Appendectomy , Appendicitis/surgery , Double-Blind Method , Patient Selection , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors
19.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 62(1): 19-13, 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-314491

ABSTRACT

A cohort evaluation of the microbiology, epidemiology and outcome of adult patients with positive blood cultures was performed on 336 patients, from July 1997 to March 2000. Data for mortality were obtained from 328 of these patients. The six most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus: 81 (23.5 percent), coagulase negative staphylococci: 50 (14.5 percent), Escherichia coli: 48 (14.0 percent), Streptococcus pneumoniae: 30 (8.7 percent), enterococci: 19 (5.5 percent) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 19 (5.5 percent). In 169 episodes infections were hospital-acquired and community-acquired in the remaining 159. Main infection foci included the respiratory and urinary tracts. Infection associated mortality was 33.2 percent; 29.6 percent of patients received inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment. Univariate analysis showed that an age of 70 or more years, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score higher than 2, a polimicrobial episode, certain foci (abdominal, respiratory or unknown), and an inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment influenced outcome. By multivariate analysis the variables that influenced death by infectious cause were age of 70 or more years, a SIRS score higher than 2, certain foci (abdominal, respiratory or unknown), and an inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment. SIRS score was useful to predict the positivity of the blood culture. No relation between outcome and presence of underlying disease, isolation of Gram negative microorganism and nosocomial vs. community acquired episode was observed (univariate analysis). In order to improve outcome in bacteremic patients, after performing cultures of blood and other relevant clinical foci, prompt and appropriate antibiotic treatment remains critical. Microbiologic, clinical and epidemiological information results crucial for the management of this critically ill population. AD - Hospital Municipal de San Isidro, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Capitan Juan de San Martin 1531, 1609 Boulogne, Pcia. Buenos Aires.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections , Argentina , Cohort Studies , Confidence Intervals , Multivariate Analysis
20.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 51(2): 179-180, 1991.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: lil-105428
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