Induction characteristics of two different concentrations of propofol in children undergoing eye surgeries

To compare the induction characteristics of two different concentrations of propofol [i.e. 1% and 2%] in children undergoing eye surgeries. This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at LV Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad India. Hundred consecutlve patients of American soclety of Anaesthesiologist [ASA] status I and II coming for elective eye surgeries were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A were given propofol 1% while patients in Group B were given propofol 2% for induction of anaesthesia and were maintained with 1% isoflurane and 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Induction characteristics were assessed and compared in two groups. Student's t test and chi- square test were applied. Loss of consciousness was more rapid with propofol 2% compared with propofol 1% [40s Vs 48s; P = 0.02]. Pain on injection occurred in 5 patients [10%] and 10 patients [20%], P = 0.09 after propofol 1% and 2% respectively. Spontaneous movements during induction occurred in 8 patients [16%] and 12 patients [24%, P=0.18]. Satisfactory intubation was done in 40 patients [80%] and 45 patients [90%, P=0.19], while spasm just after intubation was noticed in 1 patient [2%] and 3 patients [6%] receiving propofol 1% and 2% respectively. Hemodynamic changes were not different in the two groups. Propofol 1% and propofol 2% are equally effective and safe for induction of anaesthesia in children undergoing eye surgeries

Prevention of postoperative nausea and vamiting by ondansetron, In children undergoing strabismus surgery

To evaluate the antiemetic effect of ondansetron in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery. It was a randomized placebo controlled, double blind study of 100 children between 5-15 years of age with American Society of Anaesthesiologists [ASA] status I and II undergoing strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia.. Patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. One group was given normal saline while the other received 75ug/kg1 of ondansetron pre operatively. Children were monitored for the number of emetic episodes, and the need for a rescue antiemetic. There was significantly high P< 0.05 frequency of vomiting 30 patients 60% in group receiving normal saline when compared to ondansetron group 15 patients 30%. The incidence of early vomiting [0-4 hour] and the need for rescue antiemetic were also very low in patients receiving ondansetron when compared with the saline group. Ondansetron was found to an effective drug in preventing nausea and vomiting postoperatively in children undergoing strabismus surgery