ABSTRACT
@#Abstract: Objective To compare the efficiency of lung-microscopy and tissue homogenate in the detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae from Pomacea canaliculate, with the amin of finding a simple and rapid method suitable for different scenarios. Methods Pomacea canaliculata was caught and collected from ponds, ditches, rivers and other environments in the confirmed epidemic areas reported by predecessors. After each snail was weighed one by one, and dissected into two parts: lung sac and muscle. Firstly, each snail lung sac was check for nodules with lung-microscopy, and the nodules were picked out with anatomical needle and press them separately. Then, the worm was found and identified for worm species under microscope, and the lung sac and snail meat then was rechecked with tissue homogenate. Results A total of 330 snails were detected, with 19.1% (63/330) snails with Angiostrongylus cantonensis stage Ⅲ larvae were detected by tissue homogenate and 15.8% (52/330) snails with nodules were detected by lung-microscopy. Among them, 36 snails with nodules and larvae were detected by the lung-microscopy, and all of them were positive by the tissue homogenate, with a coincidence rate of 100% (36/36); 16 snails with nodules but no larvae, among which 6 snails were positive and 10 snails were negative by the tissue homogenate, The false detection rate was 19.2% (10/52). 278 snails with no nodules, but 21 of them were detected by the tissue homogenate, the missing rate was 7.6% (21/278). There was no significant difference between tissue homogenate and lung-microscopy (taking the positive determination of nodules as the standard) (χ2=1.27, P=0.26, P>0.05). There was significant difference between tissue homogenate and lung-microscopy (taking the detection of larvae as the standard)(χ2=8.66, P = 0.003, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the two methods and tissue homogenate in the detection rate of large snails ( ≥25 g, χ2=0.08，P=0.777; χ2=2.58, P=0.108), but there was significant difference between the two methods and tissue homogenate in the detection rate of small snail (≤10 g, χ2=5.63, P=0.02). Conclusions Compared with the tissue homogenate, lung-microscopy is simple in the detection of large snails, requires less instruments and equipment, and its detection speed is faster. It is suitable for the field investigation of the natural focus of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The tissue homogenate has high sensitivity, can directly display the insect state and activity, has strong insect vitality and high detection rate, it's more suitable for food safety risk monitoring.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of fumarate hydratase deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC).@*METHODS@#Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to detect the expression of fumarate hydratase (FH) in tumor tissues of 109 different types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients aged 60 years and younger from the Department of Urology of Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to December 2019. The clinicopathological data and prognosis of FH-RCC were collected and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There were eleven patients with FH-negative expression. Seven were males and four females. The age of onset ranged 16-53 years (mean age: 36.7 years), and four female patients all had a history of uterine leiomyoma. Only one first-degree relative of one patient had renal cancer, and none of the patients had a history or family history of cutaneous leiomyomas. The diameter of the tumor was 2.1-12.0 cm (mean: 8.83 cm). Renal sinus or perirenal fat invasion was seen in nine cases, tumor thrombus in renal vein or inferior vena cava in six cases, lymph node metastasis in seven cases, adrenal gland invasion in four cases and splenic capsule invasion in one case. The cases were initially diagnosed as type Ⅱ papillary RCC (7/49, 14.3%), collecting duct carcinoma (2/9, 22.2%) and unclassified RCC (2/51, 3.9%). Tumor histopathology mostly showed a mixture of different structures, such as papillary, tubular cystic, solid, and so on. The most common histological structures were papillary (9/11, 81.8%) and tubular (8/11, 72.7%). Three cases had sarcomatoid areas. At least focal eosinophilic nucleolus (WHO/grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ) and perinuclear halo could be seen in all cases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains of most tumors were negative for CA9, CD10 and CK7. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that there was no translocation or amplification of TFE3 gene in two cases with TFE3 IHC expression. All the patients were followed up for 11-82 months. Mean survival was 24 months. Five cases died of distant metastasis 9-31 months after operation (mean: 19 months), and five of the six patients alive had became metastatic.@*CONCLUSION@#Morphologically, FH-RCC overlaps with many types cell RCC. A mixture of papillary and tubular cystic arrangement is the most common growth pattern of FH-RCC. At least focally large and obvious eosinophilic nucleoli are an important histological feature of this tumor. The negative expression of FH can help to confirm the diagnosis. Young female RCC patients with uterine leiomyomas should be suspected of FH-RCC. Some FH-RCC cases lack clinical evidence. The suspicion raised by pathologists based on histological characteristics is often the key step to further genetic testing and the final diagnosis of the tumor.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Biomarkers, Tumor , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics , Fumarate Hydratase/genetics , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Kidney Neoplasms/genetics , PrognosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of polygonatum polysaccharide on zebrafish with Alzheimer disease. METHODS Zebrafish were trained in T maze for 7 d. The 40 zebrafish successfully trained were divided into 4 groups:blank group, model group, positive group and polygonatum polysaccharide group. Model group, positive group and polygonatum polysaccharide group were put in AlCl3100μg·L-1 for 6 d. The positive group was exposed to Huperzine A solution 4μg·L-1, and the polygonatum polysaccharide group was exposed to polygonatum polysaccharide solution 6 g·L-1 for 6 d. The model group was not treated, and the blank group was not treated. Each stage of zebrafish was recorded by video, and the time of each group in the EC region was analyzed. After administration, the brain tissue was taken out and the expression of N-cadherin, P38 and p-P38 protein factors was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS In behavior, the analysis of the time spent in the EC area, the blank group, the positive group and the polygonatum polysac?charide group were compared with the model group, respectively, there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05). At the protein level, compared with the model group, the P38 and p-P38 proteins in the positive group and the polygonatum polysaccharide group were down-regulated, while the N-cadherin protein was up-regulated, with statistical difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Polygonatum polysaccharide can improve the learning and memory ability of zebrafish with Alzheimer disease by up regulating the protein level of N-cadherin and hindering P38 phosphorylation.
ABSTRACT
Wulingsan， a classic prescription first recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage （Shang Han Lun） by ZHANG Zhong-jing for patients with water retention syndrome due to the disturbance of Qi transformation in bladder， has often been modified by ancient and modern doctors for the treatment of renal diseases. It produced satisfactory outcomes without inducing adverse reactions. The databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， and PubMed were searched for articles concerning the clinical application and pharmacological mechanism of Wulingsan in the treatment of renal diseases published by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years. The summary of the included articles revealed that Wulingsan has been widely employed for the treatment of renal edema， diabetic nephropathy， acute and chronic glomerulonephritis， nephrotic syndrome， renal insufficiency， abnormal urination， etc.， and the resulting outcomes were satisfactory. Wulingsan alone or in combination with western medicine yielded better clinical outcomes than the western medicine alone. In the exploration of its pharmacological mechanism， there existed some individual reports by Korean scholars， while Chinese scholars tended to work as a team. After years of research， each team has found that Wulingsan was superior to Wulingsan decoction in excreting water， which might be related to the absence of massive low-polarity and volatile components in the decoction that were responsible for regulating the expression of aquaporins （AQP） in kidney of saline-loaded rats. Wulingsan regulates the endocrine state of rats with kidney yang deficiency， inhibits the reabsorption of water， increases the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase， and reduces the expression of AQP 1， AQP 2， AQP 3， and AQP 4. Besides， it bi-directionally regulates the human water metabolism， which is achieved via the dual-directional regulation of purinergic P2X3 receptor expression on bladder detrusor. The efficacy of Wulingsan in treating chronic renal failure is attributed to its protection against the damaged renal tissue，structure and fanction. Hence， this paper summarized the research progress of Wulingsan in the treatment of renal diseases in recent years， aiming to provide a reference for the clinical and basic exploration of Wulingsan against renal diseases in the future.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the ethical value of rehabilitation medicine and its influence on rehabilitation medicine services. Methods:The ethical value of rehabilitation medicine was studied with the literature review, investigation, and analysis method, integrating with the behavioral process of rehabilitation medicine, and relevant issues were proposed. Results:Rehabilitation medicine ethics was important for rehabilitation medicine services, and played a great role in improvement of qualities of services. Conclusion:The article proposes the significance and methods of how to practice medical ethical principles in rehabilitation medicine, and points out specific measures and practical countermeasures for implementing medical ethics.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To construct an ethical system to guide the practice of rehabilitation in China based on the ethical principles of health services, in conjunction with the environment and ethical concepts of rehabilitation services in Chinese community. Methods:To review the ethical historiography of rehabilitation medicine, analyze the ethical setting of rehabilitation medicine, and summarize the practice of ethical conducts of rehabilitation medicine in national rehabilitation institutions. Results:The development of ethics in rehabilitation medicine was systematically analyzed, the principles and methods of ethical setting in rehabilitation institutions were elaborated, and the methods of ethical setting and practice in national-level rehabilitation institutions were explored. Conclusion:The connotation and methods of ethical setting in rehabilitation and the path and methods of practicing ethical guidelines in national-level rehabilitation institutions were systematically discussed.
ABSTRACT
To examine the mortality rate and relative factors associate with ventricular septal rupture in myocardial infarction patients. A total of 51 patients who suffered from myocardial infarction complicating with ventricular septal rupture received operative procedures between January 2005 and December 2018 in Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 34 males and 17 females, with an age of (63±8) years (range: 44 to 82 years). The time between ventricular septal rupture and surgical procedure was (44±39) days (range: 3 to 187 days). The test and χ(2) test were used for univariate analysis, Logistics regression model was used for multivariate analysis of in-hospital mortality relative factors. There were 8 patients dead in hospital, 43 patients survived, the overall mortality rate was 15.7% in hospital. The post-operation mortality rate was 2/3 of who suffered ventricular septal rupture and underwent operation within 1 week, but it's markedly decreased to 6.5% if the time over 4 weeks. Univariate analysis showed that renal failure before operation, creatinine before operation, left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac function (New York Heart Association) grade Ⅳ, severe tricuspid regurgitation, dialysis post-operation, creatinine of the first day of post-operation, the time between and operation more than 4 weeks were in-hospital mortality relative factors. Multivariate analysis reflected that advanced age (1.32, 95: 1.05 to 1.75, 0.033), cardiac function grade Ⅳ (2.25, 95: 1.62 to 2.82, 0.003), severe tricuspid regurgitation ( 1.82, 95: 1.31 to 2.43, 0.001), renal failure before operation (1.78, 95: 1.26 to 2.32, 0.015), the time between ventricular septal rupture and operation less than 1 week (2.50, 95: 1.52 to 2.98, 0.012), were independent in-hospital mortality relative factors. The surgery operation is an effective way to deal with ventricular septal rupture combined with myocardial infarction. The independent relative factors of in-hospital mortality are advanced age, cardiac function grade Ⅳ, renal failure before operation, severe tricuspid regurgitation, the time between ventricular septal rupture and operation less than 1 week.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the methylation status of CHD5 gene promoter in bone marrow from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and the underlying mechanism for initiating the pathogenesis of AML via p19/p53/p21 pathway.@*METHODS@#Methylation status of the CHD5 gene promoter was detected by using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR) in bone marrow from AML patients, and the iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) samples were served as control. The expression of CHD5, p19, p53 and p21 was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The methylation of CHD5 gene in bone marrow from AML patients increased significantly (39.06%) as compared with control group (6.67%). The methylation of CHD5 gene significantly correlated with chromosome karyotype differentiation (P＜0.01), but did not correlate with the patient's sex, age and clinical classification (P＞0.05). The mRNA expression of CHD5 gene in AML decreased, compared with control group, the mRNA and protein expression of p19, p53 and p21 in AML with CHD5 methylation promoter decreased.@*CONCLUSION@#The hypermeltylation of CHD5 gene promoter in AML patients can lead to decrease of CHD5, p19, p53 and p21 expression levels which may reduce the inhibitory effect on proliferation of leukemia cells through the regulation of p19, p53 and p21 pathway, thus promotes the occurence of AML.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 , DNA Helicases , DNA Methylation , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53ABSTRACT
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Salmonella Pullorum have significant damaging effects on the poultry industry, but no previous vaccine can protect poultry effectively. In this study, a recombinant-attenuated S. Pullorum strain secreting the NDV hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, C79-13ΔcrpΔasd (pYA-HN), was constructed by using the suicide plasmid pREasd-mediated bacteria homologous recombination method to form a new bivalent vaccine candidate against Newcastle disease (ND) and S. Pullorum disease (PD). The effect of this vaccine candidate was compared with those of the NDV LaSota and C79-13ΔcrpΔasd (pYA) strains. The serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, secretory IgA, and stimulation index in lymphocyte proliferation were increased significantly more (p 0.05). Moreover, the novel strain provides 60% and 80% protective efficacy against the NDV virulent strain F48E9 and the S. Pullorum virulent strain C79-13. In summary, in this study, a recombinant-attenuated S. Pullorum strain secreting NDV HN protein was constructed. The generation of the S. Pullorum C79-13ΔcrpΔasd (pYA-HN) strain provides a foundation for the development of an effective living-vector double vaccine against ND and PD.
Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies , Bacteria , Chickens , Hemagglutination , HN Protein , Homologous Recombination , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory , Immunoglobulin G , Lymphocytes , Methods , Newcastle disease virus , Newcastle Disease , Plasmids , Poultry , Salmonella , Suicide , VaccinesABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB diagnosis, but the results from different high TB-endemic countries are different. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of IGRA in the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB (PTB) in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a large-scale retrospective multicenter investigation to further evaluate the role of IGRA in the diagnosis of active PTB in high TB-epidemic populations and the factors affecting the performance of the assay. All patients who underwent valid T-SPOT.TB assays from December 2012 to November 2015 in six large-scale specialized TB hospitals in China and met the study criteria were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1, sputum culture-positive PTB patients, confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum culture; Group 2, sputum culture-negative PTB patients; and Group 3, non-TB respiratory diseases. The medical records of all patients were collected. Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical data. Multivariable logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the results of T-SPOT in TB patients and other factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 3082 patients for whom complete information was available were included in the investigation, including 905 sputum culture-positive PTB cases, 914 sputum culture-negative PTB cases, and 1263 non-TB respiratory disease cases. The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 93.3% in the culture-positive PTB group and 86.1% in the culture-negative PTB group. In the non-PTB group, the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 43.6%. The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB in the culture-positive PTB group was significantly higher than that in the culture-negative PTB group (χ2 = 25.118, P < 0.01), which in turn was significantly higher than that in the non-TB group (χ2 = 566.116, P < 0.01). The overall results were as follows: sensitivity, 89.7%; specificity, 56.37%; positive predictive value, 74.75%; negative predictive value, 79.11%; and accuracy, 76.02%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High false-positive rates of T-SPOT.TB assays in the non-TB group limit the usefulness as a single test to diagnose active TB in China. We highly recommend that IGRAs not be used for the diagnosis of active TB in high-burden TB settings.</p>
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of Gandouling on reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA and protein of neural stem cells of the mice cultured in high concentration copper. Methods The model of neural stem cells of the mice was cultured in vitro with high concentration copper. The experimental rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, and Gandouling low-, medium-, and high-dose groups. Each medication group was given relevant concentration of Gandouling serum for gavage. The MTT was adopted to test proliferation level on neural stem cells; flow cytometer was used to examine the change of ROS level in cells; qPCR was used to measure the expression of Nrf2 mRNA;Western blot was used to measure the change of the level of protein Nrf2 in cells. Results Compared with the blank control group, the proliferation rate of neural stem cells was significantly decreased, ROS levels were significantly increased, and Nrf2 gene and protein expression was significantly decreased (P＜0.01). Compared with the model group, neural stem cells proliferation rate was significantly increased, ROS levels were significantly reduced, and Nrf2 gene and protein expression was significantly increased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Conclusion Gandouling can promote the proliferation of neural stem cells in mice by reducing ROS content in high copper-loaded mice and up-regulating Nrf2 expression.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of myricetin on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Methods: The DIC model was established by injection of 60 mg/kg LPS in KM mice, and the treatment groups were injected myricetin with different concentrations (25 or 50 mg/kg) 30 min before the model was established. Both coagulation indicators and organ function were tested, including PT, APTT, fibrinogen, AST, ALT, BUN and tissue section. In vitro, the inflammatory model of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were established by 10 μg/mL LPS. The treatment group was treated with 50 μmol/mL myricetin for 30 min before LPS, and the expression of TNF-α and p-NF-κB was detected, further to explore the therapeutic mechanism. Results: LPS-induced DIC led to a reduction of fibrinogen and a rise of PT, APTT, AST, ALT, BUN levels, but the treatment of myricetin significantly inhibited these abnormalities. Histopathology analysis also revealed that myricetin remarkably protected the liver and renal damage. In vitro, the expression of TNF-α and p-NF-κB induced by LPS was repressed by myricetin. Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the protective effects of myricetin in LPS-induced DIC by anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory via suppressing the activation of p-NF-κB which decreased TNF-α level.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of myricetin on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Methods:The DIC model was established by injection of 60 mg/kg LPS in KM mice, and the treatment groups were injected myricetin with different concentrations (25 or 50 mg/kg) 30 min before the model was established. Both coagulation indicators and organ function were tested, including PT, APTT, fibrinogen, AST, ALT, BUN and tissue section. In vitro, the inflammatory model of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were established by 10 μg/mL LPS. The treatment group was treated with 50 μmol/mL myricetin for 30 min before LPS, and the expression of TNF-α and p-NF-κB was detected, further to explore the therapeutic mechanism.Results:LPS-induced DIC led to a reduction of fibrinogen and a rise of PT, APTT, AST, ALT, BUN levels, but the treatment of myricetin significantly inhibited these abnormalities. Histopathology analysis also revealed that myricetin remarkably protected the liver and renal damage. In vitro, the expression of TNF-α and p-NF-κB induced by LPS was repressed by myricetin.Conclusions:This study provides new insights into the protective effects of myricetin in LPS-induced DIC by anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory via suppressing the activation of p-NF-κB which decreased TNF-α level.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether atractylenolide Ⅰ (ATL-Ⅰ) has protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in vivo and in vitro, and explore whether NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in ATL-Ⅰ treatment.@*METHODS@#New Zealand white rabbits were injected with LPS through marginal ear vein over a period of 6 h at a rate of 600 μg/kg (10 mL/h). Similarly, in the treatment groups, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/kg ATL-Ⅰ were given. Both survival rate and organ function were tested, including the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and TNF-α were examined by ELISA. Also hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in serum were measured. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were administered with control, LPS, LPS + ATL-Ⅰ and ATL-Ⅰ alone, and TNF-α, phosphorylation (P)-IκBα, phosphorylation (P)-NF-κB (P65) and NF-κB (P65) were determined by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The administration of LPS resulted in 73.3% mortality rate, and the increase of serum TNF-α, BUN and ALT levels. When ATL-Ⅰ treatment significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced DIC model, also improved the function of blood coagulation. And protein analysis indicated that ATL-I remarkably protected liver and renal as decreasing TNF-α expression. In vitro, ATL-I obviously decreased LPS-induced TNF-α production and the expression of P-NF-κB (P65), with the decrease of P-IκBα.@*CONCLUSIONS@#ATL-Ⅰ has protective effect on LPS-induced DIC, which can elevate the survival rate, reduce organ damage, improve the function of blood coagulation and suppress TNF-α expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To screen lentiviral vectors carrying siRNA which can specifically down-regulate the gene expression of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) cells of rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHT) and investigate the influence of the vectors on the signaling pathways of ROCK1, ROCK2 and eNOS in the CCSM cells of SHT rats.@*METHODS@#Using the S1PR3 mRNA sequence of the rat as an interfering target, we designed and synthesized three pairs of siRNA sequences (siRNA1, 2 and 3) targeting S1PR3 and one pair of negative control, and then constructed and packaged them into lentiviral vectors. We cultured the CCSM cells of SHT and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats in vitro and randomly divided them into groups A (SHT untransfected control), B (SHT transfected and carrying negative control virus), C (SHT transfected and carrying siRNA1 targeting S1PR3), D (SHT transfected and carrying siRNA2 targeting S1PR3), E (SHT transfected and carrying siRNA3 targeting S1PR3), and F (WKY untransfected control). With the multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 60, we transfected the CCSM cells of the SHT rats with the lentiviral vector and then determined the expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of S1PR3, ROCK1, ROCK2 and eNOS in the CCSM cells of the SHT and WKY rats by RT-PCR and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Gene sequencing proved the successful construction of the lentiviral vector. The transfection efficiency of the CCSM cells of the rats was >80% in groups B, C, D and E. Compared with group A, the mRNA and protein expressions of S1PR3, ROCK1 and ROCK2 exhibited no significant difference in group B but were remarkably decreased in groups C, D, E and F (P0.05) but remarkably lower than those in group F (P0.05) but markedly increased in groups A, B, C and D (P< 0.05), while those of eNOS remarkably decreased in groups A, B, C, D and E (P< 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The three constructed lentiviral vectors carrying siRNA targeting different loci of the S1PR3 gene could significantly inhibit the expression of S1P3 as well as RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathways in the CCSM cells of SHT rats, and the vector carrying siRNA3 exhibited the highest inhibitory effect.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Down-Regulation , Gene Expression , Genetic Vectors , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Metabolism , Lentivirus , Genetics , Myocytes, Smooth Muscle , Metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III , Metabolism , Penis , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Inbred WKY , Receptors, Lysosphingolipid , Genetics , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors , Transfection , rho-Associated Kinases , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective@#To systematically analyze the correlation between psoriasis and erectile dysfunction (ED).@*METHODS@#We searched the Cochrane Library, EMbase, PubMed, OVID, Medline, VIP, WanFang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM via SinoMed) for the published literature about the relationship between psoriasis and ED up to June 2016. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers respectively extracted the relevant data and made a meta-analysis on the correlation of psoriasis with ED and IIEF-5 scores using the Review Manager 5.3 software.@*RESULTS@#A total of 6 studies were included in this analysis. The analysis with the fixed-effects model revealed a significant correlation between psoriasis and ED (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.53－2.40, P <0.01), and that on 3 of the studies with the random-effects model showed that the IIEF-5 scores were significantly lower in psoriasis patients than in non-psoriasis males (MD = －3.11, 95% CI: －4.85－－1.37, P <0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a certain correlation between psoriasis and ED. Psoriasis patients may have a higher incidence of ED though it is to be further confirmed by more higher-quality studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Erectile Dysfunction , Epidemiology , Psoriasis , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Halo nevus (HN) has been shown to be associated with vitiligo, but no standard signs are currently available to identify HN patients at risk of vitiligo, and the relevant data obtained in previous studies are somewhat conflicting. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the presence of vitiligo in HN patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed a retrospective study on consecutive patients with HN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2011 and December 2016. Detailed demographic and clinical data were collected to identify the factors associated with the presence of vitiligo in this cohort of patients using uni- and multi-variate logistic regression analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 212 HN patients were included, 101 of whom had vitiligo-associated HN (HNV). Univariate analysis indicated that a personal history of thyroid diseases was positively associated with HNV (odds ratio [OR] = 10.761, P = 0.025), while the onset age of HN was negatively associated with HNV (OR = 0.537, P = 0.026). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the Koebner phenomenon (KP; OR = 10.632, P < 0.0001), multiple HN (OR = 3.918, P < 0.0001), and a familial history of vitiligo (OR = 3.222, P = 0.014) were independent factors associated with HNV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HN without vitiligo has clinical features distinct from HN associated with vitiligo. HN patients with KP, multiple lesions, or familial history of vitiligo are more likely to develop vitiligo and therefore should be monitored for clinical signs of such accompanied conditions.</p>
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate whether atractylenolide (ATL-) has protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in vivo and in vitro, and explore whether NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in ATL- treatment. Methods New Zealand white rabbits were injected with LPS through marginal ear vein over a period of 6 h at a rate of 600 μg/kg (10 mL/h). Similarly, in the treatment groups, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/kg ATL- were given. Both survival rate and organ function were tested, including the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and TNF-α were examined by ELISA. Also hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in serum were measured. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were administered with control, LPS, LPS + ATL- and ATL- alone, and TNF-α, phosphorylation (P)-IκBα, phosphorylation (P)-NF-κB (P65) and NF-κB (P65) were determined by Western blot. Results The administration of LPS resulted in 73.3% mortality rate, and the increase of serum TNF-α, BUN and ALT levels. When ATL- treatment significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced DIC model, also improved the function of blood coagulation. And protein analysis indicated that ATL-I remarkably protected liver and renal as decreasing TNF-α expression. In vitro, ATL-I obviously decreased LPS-induced TNF-α production and the expression of P-NF-κB (P65), with the decrease of P-IκBα. Conclusions ATL- has protective effect on LPS-induced DIC, which can elevate the survival rate, reduce organ damage, improve the function of blood coagulation and suppress TNF-α expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
A comprehensive analytical method based on UPLC-MS/MS was developed for the simultaneous determination of thirteen components including three stilbenes (stilbeneglucoside, polydatin, resveratrol), four anthraquinones (emodin, physcion, emodin-8-β-D-glucopyranoside, aloe-emodin), five flavonoids (epicatechin, rutin, hyperoside, astragalin,quercetin) and one phenolic acid (gallic acid) in Polygoni Multifori Caulis.The separation was carried out on a Waters BEH C18 column（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm）with gradient elution of acetonitrile-water (0.1% acetic acid) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL•min⁻¹, and column temperature was 35 ℃. The target compounds were analyzed by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. TOPSIS analysis ware performed to evaluate the samples from different areas and commercial herbs according to the contents of thirteen components. The correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves were higher than 0.991 5. The average recoveries ranged from 95.24% to 102.3%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 5%. The result of TOPSIS analysis showed that the comprehensive quality of Polygoni Multifori Caulis sample from Guangzhou was better. The developed method with good repeatability and accuracy was suitable for the simultaneous determination of multiple functional substances, which provided a new basis for the comprehensive assessment and overall control of the quality of Polygoni Multifori Caulis.
ABSTRACT
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) have been used as the first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) in recent years. However, with the increased clinical application of PDE5i, the incidence rate of PDE5i-induced adverse reactions is on the rise, which may involve the cardiovascular, digestive, nervous, respiratory, and reproductive systems. Most of the adverse reactions are mild to moderate, occasionally with serious or rare complications. The probability and severity of the adverse reactions are associated with the dosage and frequency of medication as well as with individual differences. Therefore individualized medication is necessitated and, for the patients with cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, psychosis, or anaphylactic conditions, PDE5i should be cautiously given or avoided. This review provides an overview of PDE5i-induced adverse reactions and countermeasures in the treatment of ED.