ABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of antiparallel phosphorothioate triplex-forming oligonucleotide (apsTFO) matching with the shear stress response element (SSRE) of tissue factor (TF) gene promoter region on the expression of TF in endothelial cells (ECs) of rat common carotid artery stenosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of common carotid artery middle segment stenosis was established by silica gel pipe loop ligation in SD rats. The mRNA expression and protein synthesis of TF, early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and specificity protein 1 (Sp1) were measured by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. GT21-apsTFO, GT20-apsTFO, GT20-psTFO and FITC-labeled apsTFO, matching with the SSRE of TF gene promoter region, were designed, and intravenously injected into rats at 0.5 h before operation. TFO was detected 4 h after the operation, and the mRNA expression and protein synthesis of TF, Egr-1 and Sp1 were detected 6 h after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were much fluorescence in vascular tissue, especially in the nuclear of ECs 4.5 h after the injection of apsTFO. The mRNA expression and protein synthesis of TF reduced by 22% - 23% with injection of GT20-apsTFO 6.5 h after stenosis (P < 0.01) and by 10% - 11% with GT21-apsTFO at the same time (P < 0.05). The inhibition by GT20-apsTFO was stronger than that of the GT21-apsTFO (P < 0.05). The expression of TF was not inhibited by the GT20-psTFO (P > 0.05). The mRNA expression and protein synthesis of Egr-1 and Sp1 did not change in the rat treated with GT20-apsTFO, GT20-psTFO and GT21-apsTFO (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>apsTFO could mero-inhibit the expression of TF gene but could not change the expression of Egr-1 and Sp1 protein.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Carotid Stenosis , Genetics , Metabolism , Pathology , Early Growth Response Protein 1 , Genetics , Metabolism , Endothelial Cells , Metabolism , Pathology , Gene Expression , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization , Oligonucleotides , Pharmacology , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Shear Strength , Sp1 Transcription Factor , Genetics , Metabolism , Stress, Mechanical , Thromboplastin , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The study was conducted to reveal the distribution of genetic polymorphism of four Y chromosome specific short tandem repeat (Y-specific STR) loci in Li ethnic groups in Hainan Island, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four tetranucleotide STR loci were simultaneously amplified with fluorescently labeled primers, and genotypes were determined with an automated DNA sequencer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 230 unrelated males, the alleles at the four Y-specific STR loci were composed of some complex repeat structure. 4,5,4,5 alleles were observed in loci DYS3891, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393 respectively. A set of human allele ladders for the typing of the four Y-specific STRs was obtained in Li ethnic population. Gene diversity index (D) and haplotype diversity data were estimated for the four Y-STRs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The preliminary study indicates a reference population for detecting male migration events and should be useful in population genetics and forensic applications.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , China , Chromosomes, Human, Y , Genetics , DNA , Chemistry , Genetics , Gene Frequency , Genetic Variation , Haplotypes , Genetics , Microsatellite Repeats , Genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of exogenous bcl-2 on spinal cord motoneurons following sciatic nerve axotomy. After epineurium suturing, sense bcl-2 (Ad/s-bcl-2), antisense bcl-2 (Ad/as-bcl-2), or reporter gene lacZ (Ad/lacZ) recombinant adenovirus or NS was injected into the sciatic nerve 0.5 cm distant from the sutured point respectively in different groups. The rats were transcardially perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde on postoperative 48 h, 7 d, 15 d and 30 d respectively and the spinal cords of L4 to L6 were harvested. X-gal staining, bcl-2 in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling) staining and AChE (acetyl cholinesterase) histochemical staining were used. We observed that the exogenous lacZ gene was expressed in the spinal cord of Ad/lacZ group, and sense bcl-2 significantly decreased the number of apoptotic motoneurons and the decreasing degree of AChE activity of the motoneurons in the spinal cord induced by sciatic nerve axotomy and accelerate AChE activity recovery. However, antisense bcl-2 increased the number of apoptotic motoneurons and the decreasing degree of AChE activity of the motoneurons in the spinal cord induced by sciatic nerve axotomy and prolonged AChE activity recovery. These results demonstrate that exogenous bcl-2 may protect motor neurons from injury induced by peripheral nerve axotomy.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Adenoviridae , Genetics , Metabolism , Axotomy , Motor Neurons , Physiology , Neuroprotective Agents , Pharmacology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Genetics , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Sciatic Nerve , Wounds and Injuries , Spinal CordABSTRACT
Objective To explore the changes of ER-IR and the ultra structure in the medial preoptic area, arcuate nuclei of early-aged mice treated with estrogen. Methods Immunohistochemistry assay and electron microscopy were used in this study. Results ER-IR in the medical preoptic area and arcuate nuclei were greatly reduced after estrogen was given. The cell nuclei of neurons in these areas migrated towards the side, the nuclear membrane became folded, synapse became richer, and the number of synapse vesicle increased. Conclusion Estrogen can affect the neuron structure and function through the change of estrogen receptor expression in the medial preoptic area and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus cardiovascular center.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the changes of ER-IR and the ultra structure in the medial preoptic area, arcuate nuclei of early-aged mice treated with estrogen. Methods Immunohistochemistry assay and electron microscopy were used in this study. Results ER-IR in the medical preoptic area and arcuate nuclei were greatly reduced after estrogen was given. The cell nuclei of neurons in these areas migrated towards the side, the nuclear membrane became folded, synapse became richer, and the number of synapse vesicle increased. Conclusion Estrogen can affect the neuron structure and function through the change of estrogen receptor expression in the medial preoptic area and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus cardiovascular center.