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Objective@#To explore relationship among bullying victimization, psychological traits and suicide ideation of middle school students, and to provide suggestions for school bullying and suicide prevention for adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 3 635 students of 7-9th grade from 5 junior middle schools were enrolled and investigated with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ), psychological traits questionnaire for middle school students and suicide ideation questionnaire.@*Results@#Prevalence of bullying victimization was 28.34% of middle school students, while the prevalence of verbal, relational and physical bullying were 22.59%, 12.05% and 7.54%, respectively. Boys had significantly higher rates of bullying victimization than girls (χ2=88.92，94.29，7.69，P<0.01). Bullying victimization was positively associated with suicidal ideation (r=0.21, P<0.01), while associated with psychological traits (r=-0.17, -0.22, P<0.01). Psychological traits had a moderating effect on the relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation (β=-0.04, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Psychological traits can buffer the adverse effects of bullying victimization on suicidal ideation, and the critical role of psychological traits in the maintenance and development of adolescent mental health should be emphasized.
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Objective:The human parental brain is a discrete set of interacting brain circuits that related with child-care feelings and behaviors.The research on it can help us to understand the essence of human parent-child re-lationship formation.In order to provide materials for the research of human parental brain and related fields,the study is ready to establish a set of standardized Chinese Infant Affective Face Picture System.Methods:By using convenience sampling,a total of 360 infant facial expression pictures of 211 Chinese infants aged from 3 to 6 months were collected.After standard processing on the photos,196 unmarried and nulliparous college students re-cruited from two universities in Chongqing and Guiyang were asked to assess them.One hundred subjects assessed the emotion categories and intensity of the pictures,and other 96 subjects assessed the emotion valence,arousal and dominance of the selected pictures.Results:The Chinese Infant Affective Face Picture System,containing 117 hap-py,92 neutral,108 sad expression pictures,was established.At the same time,the corresponding average identifica-tion rate were 89%,77%,92%,the intensity were 5.83,5.15,and 6.19,the valence were 5.92,4.55 and 2.70,the arousal were 5.11,4.18,3.77,and the dominance were 5.02,4.93,and 4.91.The system could effectively stimu-late participants'emotional reactions.There were statistically significant differences in scores of the established va-lence,arousal and dominance index between the 3 kinds of expression pictures (Ps <0.01).Conclusion:The Chi-nese Infant Affective Face Picture System has higher reliability and validity.The system could be used as emotional stimulus materials for the study of parental brain or emotion researches.
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Objective To investigate the effects of zinc gluconate combined with Danshen injection on the plasma lipid level following exposure to noise in rats. Methods Fifty female SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a noise exposure group (model group), a zinc gluconate + noise exposure group (zinc gluconate group), a Danshen injection+noise exposure group (Danshen injection group) and a zinc gluconate+Danshen injection+noise exposure group (combination group), 10 rats in each group. The zinc gluconate group received intragastric administration of zinc gluconate 8-10 mg/(kg?d), the Danshen injection group received intraperitoneal injection of Danshen injection 6 mg/(kg?d), the combination group received intragastric administration of zinc gluconate 8-10 mg/(kg?d) and intraperitoneal injection of Danshen injection 6 mg/(kg?d). On the day 10, except in the control group, the rats in the rest of the groups were continuously exposed to high frequency steady noise for 7 days (4 000 Hz, 95 dB, 3 h/d). The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected. Results The serum levels of TC (1.88 ± 0.17 mmol/L vs. 1.55 ±0.09 mmol/L), TG (1.45 ± 0.38 mmol/L vs. 1.01 ± 0.27 mmol/L), LDL-C (0.29 ± 0.04 mmol/L vs. 0.23 ± 0.03 mmol/L) in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), while the serum HDL-C level in the model group were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.55 ± 0.08 mmol/L vs. 0.62 ±0.06 mmol/L;P<0.01). The serum TC level in the zinc gluconate group was significantly lower than that in the model group (1.71 ± 0.11 mmol/L vs.1.88 ± 0.17 mmol/L;P<0.05). The serum levels of TC (1.73 ± 0.21 mmol/L vs. 1.88 ± 0.17 mmol/L) and LDL-C (0.25 ± 0.03 mmol/L vs. 0.29 ± 0.04 mmol/L) in the Danshen injection group were significantly lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05). The serum levels of TC (1.57 ± 0.21 mmol/L vs. 1.88 ± 0.17 mmol/L), TG (0.84 ±0.40 mmol/L vs. 1.45 ± 0.38 mmol/L) and LDL-C (0.24 ± 0.05 mmol/L vs. 0.29 ± 0.04 mmol/L) in the combination group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the serum HDL-C level (0.61 ± 0.07 mmol/L vs. 0.55 ± 0.08 mmol/L) in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusions Noise exposure may induce dyslipidemias in rats. Zinc gluconate and Danshen injection can regulate the plasma lipid level following exposure to noise in rats, and combination of zinc gluconate and Danshen injection may be superior to zinc gluconate or Danshen injection alone.
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Objective To observe the protective effect of the separate zinc gluconate oral and combined of Salvia injection on whole blood metal ion of calcium,magnesium,iron,copper and zinc concentration in noise-induced rats.Methods 50 female SD rats were randomly divided into a control group,a noise group,a zinc gluconate noise group (plus zinc group),a Salvia injection noise group (plus Salvia group) and a Zinc gluconate oral liquid and Salvia injection noise group (combined group),with10 rats in each group.Except the control group did not expose to noise,the rest groups were continuously exposed to high frequency steady noise for two weeks.Each group was compared for the concentration differences of whole blood metal ion of calcium,magnesium,iron,copper and zinc after the intervention of noise.Results ① In each group at the comparison of the calcium ion concentration: Calcium ion concentration of the control group(1.25± 0.16)mmol/L and the combination group(1.27 ± 0.10) mmol/L was significantly lower than the noise group (1.42 ± 0.18) mmol/L.The rest groups compared to each other were not statistically significant.②Magnesium ion concentration was highest in the noise group (1.53 ± 0.10)rmtmol/L),and lowest in the control group (130 ± 0.29) mmol/L,and the noise group was significantly higher than that of the control group.The mean of magnesium ion concentration in plus zinc group (1.42± 0.27) mmol/L,plus Salvia group (1.38± 0.15) mmol/L and combined group(l.37±0.11)mmol/L were lower than the noise group,but the difference was not significant (P＞0.05).③ The iron ion concentration of the noise group (5.47± 1.29)mmol/L was significantly lower than the other four groups (P＜0.05).The control group,plus zinc group,plus Salvia group,the combined group showed no significant differences.④ Whole blood copper ion concentration of the noise group (16.69 ± 4.18) μmol/L was significantly lower than the control group (21.53 ± 3.78) μmol/L and the combination group(19.53± 1.92)μmol/L with a statistical difference; compared with the control group,the concentration of copper ions in plus zinc group(16.19± 1.93)mμol/L was significantly lower (P＜0.05).⑤The whole blood zinc ion concentration in the noise group (50.83±7.99)μmol/L was significantly lower than the other groups,zinc ion concentration in the plus Salvia group (53.87±6.77)μmol/L was significantly lower than the control group (63.86± 8.83) μmol/L; the whole blood zinc ion concentration showed no difference between the plus zinc group (54.81 ± 5.90) μmol/L,plus Salvia group and combined group (59.21 ± 3.90) μmol/L.Conclusion Combined zinc gluconate oral solution and Salvia injection had protective effect on whole blood metal ion concentration affected by noise.The protection effect of zinc gluconate oral solution and Salvia injection combination was stronger than any individual.
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Objective To observe the protective effect of the zinc gluconate combined with Salvia injection on noise induced serum immunoglobulin(IgG,IgM,IgA) and immune molecules (IL-2,IL-4) in rats.Methods 50 female SD rats were randomly divided into control group,noise group,zinc gluconate noise group(plus zinc group),Salvia injection noise group (plus Salvia group) and Zinc gluconate oral liquid and Salvia injection noise group(combined group),10 rats in each group.Except the control group,rats in the other groups were continuously exposed to high frequency steady noise for two weeks.The concentrations of serum immunoglobulin (IgG,IgM,IgA) and immune molecules (IL-2,IL-4) after the intervention of noise were compared.Results Serum levels of IgG,IgM,IL-2,IL-4of the control group were significantly higher than the noise group (all P ＜ 0.05),plus zinc group (all P ＜ 0.05),plus Salvia group(all P ＜0.05),the differences were statistically significant.Serum level of IgA of each group was not statistically different compared with control group (all P ＞ 0.05).Serum levels of IgG,IgM,IL-2,IL-4 in the noise group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05),combined group (all P ＜ 0.05),the differences were statistically significant.Serum levels of IgG,IgM,IL-2 in plus zinc group were significantly higher than the noise group(all P ＜ 0.05).Serum IgA concentration of each group showed no significant difference compared with noise group(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Zinc gluconate oral solution and Salvia injection have protective effect on immune system affected by noise in rats,the protective effect of combination of zinc gluconate oral solution and Salvia injection is stronger than the individual.
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ObjectiveTo revise belief in a just world scale (BJW) established by Dalbert according with Chinese cultures and examine its reliability and validity.MethodsAt the base of studying abroad-related questionnaire and preparatory tests,a total 930 undergraduates form The East,The Middle and The West of China participant in this test respectively.ResultsThrough item analysis and explore factor analysis,the revised belief in a just world contained 13 items and 2 subscales which could explain 52.205％ of the total variances.The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the revised belief in a just world scales had good construct validity.The Cronbach's coefficients of the scales was 0.885,and test-retest reliabilities was 0.884.ConclusionThe revised belief in just world scales has fairly high reliability and validity.
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ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between belief in a just world of college students and prosocial tendencies.Methods400 college students were examined by using the belief in a just of Chinese versions ( BJW ) and the prosocial tendencies scales.Results①There was a marginally significant difference on college student's general belief in a just world and personal belief in a just world among different grades ( F=3.90,F=3.05,P ＜ 0.05 ).②The personal belief in a just world and general belief in a just world was significantly posilively correlated with the prosocial tendencies of college students ( r =0.25,r =0.24,P ＜ 0.01 ).③Significant differences existed between the high-scoriug,the middle group and the low-scoring BJW group in prosocial tendencies and its sub-dimensions ( F =3.36 ～ 12.87,P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ),expect the openness dimension of prosocial tendencies( F =1.71,P ＞ 0.05 ).The scores of those three groups on prosocial tendencies ( (3.74 ± 0.43 ),( 3.57 ± 0.42),( 3.44 ± 0.43 ) ) and its sub-dimensions shows a decreasing trend from high to low.④Layer multivariate linear regression analysis showed that general belief in a just world were significant predictors of the prosocial tendencies( β =0.18,P＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe intensity of belief in a just world has a certain impact on the prosocial tendencies of college students.
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Objective To examine the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores of junior middle school students.Methods A sample of 412 junior middle school students were applied a self-developed note-taking habits inventory (NTHI) ,and the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores was examined by using bivariate correlation and linear regression analysis.Results Girls got significantly higher NTHI scores than boys [(3.67±0.55)vs(3.19±0.80),P＜0.01] ,and students from key classes got significantly higher NTHI scores than those of typical classes[(3.56±0.64)vs (3.37±0.75),P＜ 0.05].Total academic scores of Chinese,mathmatics and English was found significantly and positively related to total NTHI scores and the five subscales(r=0.280,P＜0.01 ;r=0.293,P＜ 0.01 ;r=0.126,P＜0.05 ;r=0.255,P＜0.01 ;r=0.239,P＜0.01 ;r=0.280,P ＜ 0.01).Attitude towards note-taking,full note-making and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on total academic score of Chinese,mathmatics and English.Full note-making,attitude towards notetaking and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on score of Chinese.So did of active note-making,immediate note-rewriting,full note-making and attitude towards note-taking on mathmatice scores,attitude towards note-taking and full note-making on score of Chinese.Conclusion Note-taking habits could be direct predictor of their academic scores for junior middle school students.
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Objective To determine the content of Hesperidin in Henggu Gushangyu Tablets by high performance liquid chromatography. Methods The determination was conducted on Shim-pack-C18 column (150 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid water (20∶80). The detection wavelength was 283 nm. Results Good linear relationship of Hesperidin between area and amount was noted for 0.194～0.970 ?g, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 9. The average recovery was 98.50%, and RSD was 0.63%. Conclusion The established method is simple, accurate and sensitive, and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.
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Objective To investigate the validity of the Chinese version of the Symptom Check-List-90 (the SCL-90) in Chinese population. Methods A total of 624 normal person and 268 out patients were examined with the SCL-90. Results （1）The internal consistency of the original subscales was found to be good and Cronbach's coefficient alpha ranged from 0.78 to 0.90; （2）Discrimination function analysis based on the 9 original subscales showed that the power of the SCL-90 in discriminating the patients and the community was good with a corrective rate of 80.6%; （3）Factor analysis on the items of the questionnaire yielded a very strong un-rotated first factor which could represent other factors; （4）High inter-correlations were found between the 9 original subscales of the SCL-90 with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.39 to 0.79. Conclusion (1) The SCL-90 is acceptable as a research setting and psychiatric screening inventory; (2) The SCL-90 does not have potential as an inventory to distinguish different diagnostic groups; (3) The SCL-90 is not a multidimensional inventory.
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Objective To draw up the mental quality inventory for middle school students.Methods Based on the content and level of normal mental activities and the scale analysis which investigates experts, teachers and middle school students, combining results of factor analysis, randomly sampled 5935 middle school students in Sichuan and Chongqing, this article analyzes reliability and validity, factor and correlation of the inventory in SPSS.Results This article defines the mental quality of middle school students, constructs the structure and components of mental quality of middle school students by three dimensions of cognition, personality and adaptation (concretely, 22 factors), draws up the mental quality inventory for middle school students with good validity and reliability and formulates norm. Conclusion Aiming at developing mental quality training and mental health education, the norm and the inventory have guiding significance in both of theory and practice.
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0.05 ). Conclusions The non-mended injury does not affect the therapeutic effect of the Madigan prostatectomy with the urethral injuries due to the operation.
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Objective: To explore the effects of ginsenosides(GS) on learning,memory and activity of rats during sleep deprivation(SD).Methods: SD was induced in Sprague-Dawlay rats by employing "flower pot" technique.The rats were randomly divided into five groups according to the time of SD(0-96h),and every group was also divided into two subgroups: experimental group(E) and control group(C).Forced feeding of GS to the experimental rats for 5 d before the rats were deprived of sleep.Before and after SD immediately,the behaviors of rats were studied in "Y" maze test,step-down test and open-field test.Results: ①"Y" maze test: As compared with those of the controls,the accuracy of response of experimental groups increased significantly in 24h,48h,72h and 96h(P
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Objective:To study the characteristics of high school students' coping styles when they faced frustrations and troubles,and the relationship between coping style and academic achievement.Methods:649 high school students completed questionnaire about middle school students' coping styles.Results:Girls were more inclined to use venting(2.7?0.7/2.4?0.7,F=23.32,P
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Objective To explore the relationship between cognition and serum cytokines in middle school students with depressive symptoms. Methods The serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) were measured in 49 middle school students with depressive symptoms and 32 normal controls by adopting scales and radioimmunology methods. Results ①The serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-? in middle school students with depressive symptoms were significantly lower than those in the controls. ② Serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-? in depressive subjects were negatively correlated with the total scores of Beck, Zung and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), but serum IL-8 levels were positively and significantly correlated with total Beck, Zung and ATQ scores. ③ Serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-? were correlated negatively with Beck and ATQ factors. Conclusion Depressive symptoms in middle school students are accompanied by signs of immunosuppression. The immunological mechanisms may be different from the clinical major depression.