Practical research on fishbone diagram combined with PDCA closed-loop management in orthopedic operating room teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of fishbone diagram combined with PDCA(plan, do, check, action) closed-loop management in the teaching of orthopedic interns in operating room.Methods:The 60 interns received by the Department of Orthopedics in our hospital from January 2019 to August 2020 were randomly divided into the conventional group and the observation group in average. The conventional group used traditional methods, and the observation group introduced fishbone diagram combined with PDCA closed-loop management. The theoretical and practical assessment scores and the evaluation of satisfaction with the teaching were compared between the two groups before and after the teaching in the operating room. SPSS 22.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The scores of each theoretical assessment, the total scores of theoretical assessments, and the scores of practical assessments, in the observation group were higher than those of the conventional group ( P<0.05). The satisfaction rates of interest, effectiveness, rationality, and popularization with teaching in the observation group were 100.00%, 100.00%, 96.67%, and 100.00% respectively, which were higher than those (80.00%, 83.33%, 80.00%, and 83.33% respectively) in the conventional group. Conclusion:The application of fishbone diagram combined with PDCA closed-loop management in orthopedic operating room teaching can improve the performance of interns in the assessment, and can also achieve better teaching satisfaction.

Diagnostic value of ultrasound shear wave elastography and portal vein hemodynamic parameters in chronic hepatitis liver fibrosis / 中国综合临床

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound shear wave elastography and portal vein hemodynamic parameters for chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis.Methods:The clinical data of 48 hospitalized patients with chronic hepatitis diagnosed in Fuyang Second People's Hospital from May 2019 to July 2020 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The patients voluntarily received portal vein hemodynamics and ultrasonic shear wave elastography. According to Scheuer's method, 48 patients were classified into 5 stages of liver fibrosis, including 10 patients in S0 stage, 13 patients in S1 stage, 10 patients in S2 stage, 10 patients in S3 stage and 5 patients in S4 stage. The average velocity of portal vein, peak portal vein velocity (PVVmax), portal vein diameter (PVD), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and Young's modulus of liver were compared. Pathological and liver biopsy was the gold standard to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of various detection methods. The normally distributed measurement data were expressed as xˉ± s, the comparison between multiple groups was performed by one-way ANOVA, and the pairwise comparison was performed by LSD-t test. Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between liver function classification and various parameters. ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasonic shear wave elastography, portal vein hemodynamics and combined detection in predicting liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis. Results:In the staging of liver fibrosis, the LSM of the patients in the S0 stage was (5.29±0.19) kPa, and the Young's modulus of the liver was (21.65±2.35) kPa; the LSM of the patients in the S1 stage was (6.38±1.25) kPa, and the Young's modulus of the liver ( 22.89±3.19) kPa, LSM (9.76±1.33) kPa and hepatic Young's modulus (23.77±3.52) kPa in S2 group, LSM (15.44±2.44) kPa, hepatic Young's modulus (25.14±2.29) in S3 group, LSM (18.08±1.22) kPa and hepatic Young's modulus (27.94±2.58) kPa in patients with S4 stage, the differences between groups were statistically significant (F values ??were 115.47, 4.84, P values?were <0.001, 0.003), and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The average flow velocity of patients in S0 stage was (20.56±4.21) cm/s, PVVmax (22.19±4.33) cm/s, the average flow velocity of S1 stage was (18.39±3.79) cm/s, PVVmax (20.69±3.12) cm/s, and the average of S2 stage Flow velocity (13.46±2.21) cm/s, PVVmax (16.65±2.54) cm/s, average flow velocity in S3 stage (10.56±2.85) cm/s, PVVmax (13.42±2.46) cm/s, average flow velocity in S4 stage (8.15±1.65) cm/s, PVVmax (11.89±2.89) cm/s, the difference between the groups was statistically significant (F values were 21.35, 16.96, all P<0.001), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis by Spearman method showed that liver function grades were negatively correlated with average flow velocity and PVVmax (r values ?were -0.75 and -0.88, respectively; all P<0.001), and were positively correlated with liver Young's modulus and LSM. (r values ??were 0.54 and 0.86, respectively; all P<0.001). According to the ROC curve analysis, the AUC predicted by ultrasonic shear wave elastography was 0.75, AUC predicted by portal vein hemodynamics predicts was 0.68, and AUC predicted by combined detection predicts was 0.94. Conclusion:The combination of portal vein hemodynamics and ultrasonic shear wave elastography has a certain diagnostic power for the assessment of chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis, with high specificity and sensitivity.

Major changes will take place on ISO15189 "Medical laboratories: requirements for quality and competence" / 中华检验医学杂志

Since the first edition of ISO15189"Medical laboratories: requirements for quality and competence" was published in 2003, it has been rapidly and widely used in the world under the promotion of the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation Organization (ILAC), and has become the basic standard for the quality management, capacity-building and capacity attestation of medical laboratories. The Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA) of ILAC for ISO15189 is the most authoritative international permit for examination results, which is accepted by international organizations. Since the establishment of ISO15189 medical laboratory accreditation system in 2004 in China, more than 530 medical laboratories have been accredited, which plays an important role in improving the quality and competence of medical laboratories in China, and improves the influence of Chinese medical laboratories in the world. ISO 15189:2012 is currently being revised by the International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee on Clinical Laboratory Testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems (ISO/TC212). This revision will bring significant changes and the medical laboratory shall pay attention to these changes. In order to help medical laboratories understand the new ideas in advance, this paper summarizes and analyses the draft of the new international standards, and provides references for users.

Issues in labor ultrasound / 中华围产医学杂志

Identification of the risk factors for conversion to cesarean section during labor can significantly improve the mother and infant outcomes. Though advocated by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG), intrapartum ultrasound is not widely practiced in managing labor progress. The Obstetrics and Gynecology Center of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University has carried out intrapartum ultrasound in recent years. We summarize the clinical key point and the significance of measuring the major sonographic parameters during labor and illustrate the role of occiput-spine angle, a new sonographic index, in predicting fetal head descent during the first stage of labor.

Relation between physical fitness and frequency of breakfast consumption among Chinese Han college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the relation between physical fitness and frequency of having breakfast among Chinese Han college students so as to provide proper intervention and theoretical basis for improving college students’ physical fitness.@*Methods@#The data from 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) was used. The data of 47 172 Han students were calculated, the chi-square test wasused to compare the differences of the physical fitness passing rate in different subgroups of college students. The Log-binomial model was established to assess the relation between physical fitness and breakfast consumption.@*Results@#The unqualified rate of physical fitness was 22.8%. Boys(24.7%), urban students (25.7%), and those who exercised less than one hour per day (23.3%) had lower physical fitness passing rates than girls(20.9%), rural students (19.9%) and those who exercised more than one hour per day (20.3%)respectively(χ2=101.38, 223.33, 32.20,P<0.01). The unqualified rate of physical fitness increased by age. The unqualified rate of physical fitness in eastern, central and western regions was 21.2%, 21.7% and 25.1% respectively. The unqualified rate of physical fitness for those with normal nutritional status (18.2%) was significantly lower than those who were underweight (26.0%) or overweight/obese(42.6%)(χ2=1 660.50, P<0.01). In this study, 53.2% of college students had breakfast every day,unqualified rate of physical fitness was higher among students with less regular consumption of breakfast(χ2=393.50, P<0.01). The Log-binomial model showed that the college students who had 3-5 breakfasts(PR=1.16, 95%CI=1.11-1.20), 1-2 breakfasts(PR=1.34, 95%CI=1.28-1.40), never had breakfast (PR=1.43, 95%CI=1.32-1.53) per week had higher physical fitness failure rates than those who had breakfast every day.@*Conclusion@#There is a significant association between physical fitness and breakfast consumption among college students. Developing the good habit of having breakfast is not only the component of healthy lifestyle but also an indispensable part to the improvement of college students’ physical fitness.

Analysis on Application Rationality of Proton Pump Inhibitors in 880 Patients Undergoing Operation in Gy-necology Department / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)in gynecological patients in a hospital and analyze the use rationality of PPIs for the prevention of stress ulcer so as to provide reference for the clinical application of PPIs. Methods:To-tally 1000 patients' medical records admitted to the gynecological department for the first time from January 1st to December 31st in 2016 were randomly selected to conduct a retrospective analysis,and the rationality of PPIs was evaluated. Results:The preventive use rate of PPIs was 90.72%(880/970). Among the 880 patients, 28.18%(248/880) of the patients were without indications for the preventive medication,95.68%(842/880) of the patients were with wrong administration time, and 91.46%(578/632) of the pa-tients were with wrong usage and dosage. Conclusion:When PPIs are used for the prevention of SU in gynecological surgery,irrational use such as without indications, unsuitable variety selection and wrong usage and dosage still exists. It is suggested that regulators should strengthen technical and administrative interventions and establish standard for the rational use of PPIs in hospitals so as to avoid the excessive use of PPIs and improve the situation of inappropriate application.

Application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System Probe and Low-power & Low-noise Single Chip Integration System in Neural Loop Researching / 分析化学

A 8-channel neural signal′s simultaneous transducer detection micro system was developed to research the neural loop located at the brain hippocampus zone. The components of the system contained the neural probe manufactured with the Micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technique based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, biological low noise chopper-stabilization amplifier, low noise and intermediate speed SAR-ADC converter, reduced and low power ASK/FSK modulation radio transmitter. The micro system was applicable with the characters of small volume, interferences free, neural electrophysiology and neurotransmitter simultaneous detection, high sensitivity, high linearity, etc. The electrode resistance was optimized to 35.0 kΩ after depositing nanometer platinum black on the 4 electrophysiological sites on the Pt electrode. With the modification enzyme technique, nanomaterial enzyme membrane (Pt-mPD-GluOx) was directly fixed on the glutamate detection locus for selectively detecting special neural neurotransmitter matter. In addition, the electrochemistry measurement results indicated that the linear range of glutamate was 6-35 μmol/L with correlation coefficient of 0.97, the sensitivity was 0.0069 pA/(μmol/L). The current response error was less than 3.0 pA, which showed that the neural needle satisfied differential selection. Also, the logic/analog mixed signal 180-nm Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC ) technique (SmicRF180 nm 1Poly6M) was used to manufacture the transducer back-end disposing IC chip, and the test results provided some key parameters such as chopper-stabilization amplifier (equivalent in putting noise voltage ≤0.7 μV rms@1 kHz, gain of 71-82 dB, CMRR/PSRR>100 dB), SAR-ADC (ENOB is 12 bits, power consumption is 1.2 mW when maxmium conversion speed is 1 Msps, signal-noise-ratio is 60.9 dB, etc), and ASK/FSK modulation radio transmitter (the PA′s outputting power of 4-5 dBm, the radiation range of 10 meters). The micro neural transducer integrated system was convenient and wireless wearable for the research of brain hippocampus region.

Research progress on hepatoprotective effects of Erzhiwan and its components / 药学实践杂志

Erzhiwan includes two components of Chinese herbal medicines - Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and Herba Eclip-tae .Ligustri Lucidi Fructus ,Herba Ecliptae and their formulation have various hepatoprotective effects .There are many ac-tive ingredients in the formulation ,such as triterpenes ,iridoids ,phenethyl alcohol-glucosides ,coumarin ethers ,etc .They can resist various chemistry-induced hepatic injury ,ischemia reperfusion induced hepatic injury ,and hepatic fibrosis .The mecha-nisms of hepatoprotective effect include anti-oxidative stress ,anti-inflammatory ,inhibition of hyperplasia and activation of liver stellate cell ,motivating the apoptosis of liver stellate cell ,influencing the metabolic processes of liver cell ,ect .We reviewed and summarized the hepatoprotective effects of Erzhiwan and its components Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and Herba Ecliptae and explore the mechanisms of hepatoprotective effect in order to provide information for further research of pharmacodynamic ma-terial base .

Protective effects of specnuezhenide against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatic damage in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To research the protective effects of specnuezhenide, an active compound of traditional Chinese medicine, against CCl4-induced hepatic dam-age in mice. Methods The model of acute hepatic damage caused by CCl4 intraperitoneal injection on mice was obtained. The levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum, the activities of MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px in liver homogenates, and the his-topathological organization of liver sections were also examined to observe the protective effects of specnu-ezhenide. Results Specnuezhenide markedly de-creased the CCl4-induced elevation of serum ALT and AST activities, and improved hepatic histopathology changes. Specnuezhenide also significantly decreased the content of MDA in liver tissues, meanwhile in-creased the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px. In addition, specnuezhenide reduced the lev-els of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 . Conclusions Specnu-ezhenide has significant protective effects against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in mice, and the possible un-derlying mechanisms of the activity could be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

The attitudes of medical students regarding to organ donation compensation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the attitudes of medical students regarding to organ donation compensation.Method A self administered questionnaire was distributed to 600 medical students selected randomly from two medical universities in China between January 2013 and January 2014.The questionnaire included demographics and core questions related to medical student's attitudes regarding organ donation compensation.Result A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed and 592 valid responses were received,including 150 doctoral students,143 master students and 299 undergraduate students.In all,69.8％ of medical students believed that compensation for organ donor was essential.Nearly 60.5 ％ believed financial compensation would increase the rate of organ donation but would not tarnish the behavior of organ donors (64.7％).At the same time,over 70％ of medical students believed that financial compensation would increase the number of living organ donation.With regarding to the ways of compensation,most of the students (80.4％) were in favor of priority on waiting list.Reducing or free of hospitalization costs (50.4％) and increasing the reimbursement ratio of medical insurance (41.8％) were also the acceptable compensation ways to medical students.Conclusion Most of medical students believe that it is essential to give compensation to organ donors.Enjoying the priority on waiting list,reducing or free of hospitalization costs and increasing the reimbursement ratio of medical insurance are the reasonable incentive methods.

Interpretation of ISO 15189:2012“Medical laboratories-Requirements for quality and competence” -Requirements for IVD manufacturers / 中华检验医学杂志

In vitro diagnostic ( IVD) manufacturers were important suppliers of external servicesto medical laboratories .There equipment , reagents , calibration and maintenauce services played an important role in ensuring the quality of medical laboratory tests .It is also helpful for IVD manufacturers to establish and maintain a good reputation and credibility .ISO 15189:2012“Medical laboratories -Requirements for quality and competence” was issued onNovember 1, 2012, which replaced the second edition (ISO 15189:2007).Requirements related to IVD manufacturers are involved in the new edition standard .The article aimed to help medical laboratories and IVD manufacturers understand the requirements ; therefore , laboratories would know how to select suppliers based on their ability to supply external services , IVD manufacturers would know how to meet the needs of laboratories , and the cooperation between IVD manufacturers and laboratories would be facilitated .

A study on short-term outcome of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation therapy of uterine fibroids by magnetic resonance imaging / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To study the short-term outcome of the uterine fibroids treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation therapy (PMAT) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods PMAT was performed in 46 symptomatic patients with a total of 49 uterine fibroids. Pre-and post-contrast MRI was scanned at 3 days before treatment and 3 days after treatment to assess image changes of both fibroids and surrounding tissues. The fibroids were divided into group A (low signal), B (iso-signal), C (high signal) by the signal intensity on T2WI. According to the volume changes of fibroids and uterine, ablation rate and the reduction rate of the fibroids after treatment were calculated. Results There were 28, 17 and 4 fibroids in the group A, B and C respectively. Before the treatment the volume of the fibroids showed no statistical difference between the group A, B and C (P>0.05). Fibroids and uterine showed shrinkage after the treatment in the group A and B (t=5.644, 5.998, 6.725 and 4.678, all P0.05). Fibroids and uterine showed shrinkage after the treatment in the group C, but there was no obvious statistical difference. Conclusion The outcome of PAMT is good for the fibroids with different signal intensity on T2WI. But the fibroids with high signal intensity are not as sensitive as those with low or iso intensity to achieve the same ablation level.

Analysis of nonconformities in medical laboratory accreditation and status quo of clinical laboratory quality management / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective According to the analysis on nonconformities which were found from on-site assessmentin medical laboratory ISO15189accreditationcarried on byChina National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS) during years 2004to 2013,to study current status of quality management in domestic medical laboratory.Methods By means of retrospective analysis, nonconformities found in 171 times of on-site audit of 133 clinical laboratories in ISO15189 accreditation during 2004 to 2013 were collected and then classified according to requirements of ISO 15189.Results Among 1 501 nonconformities involved in 171 times of on-site audit, management and technical requirements accounted for 28.5%(428) and 71.5% ( 1073 ) respectively.The mainly clauses of nonconformity were 4.3 ( 26.2%) and 4.6 (12.6%) in management requirements and 5.3 ( 25.2%), 5.4 ( 13.1%), 5.5 ( 16.0%) and 5.6 (20.2%)in technical requirements.The mainly subclauses of technical requirements were 5.3.2, 5.3.7, 5.4.3, 5.4.9, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.1, 5.8.3 and 5.8.10.Conclusion The weakness for the medical laboratory quality management is mainly process control(5.4, 5.5 ,5.6), laboratory equipments (5.3), document control (4.3) and external services and supplies (4.6), which werethe main directions need to be improved in current medical laboratory quality management.

Clinical comparison of different materials as posterior dental implants / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that selection of implant crowns that directly impact the service life of implants and patient’s periodontal health is very important. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical effects of Lava zirconia crowns, goal-platinum al oy ceramic crowns and silver-pal adium al oy crowns supplemented by dental implants used in the single missing posterior tooth. METHODS:Sixty patients with first molar missing (120 teeth) were divided into three groups and treated with Lava zirconia, goal-platinum al oy ceramic and silver-pal adium al oy crowns applied to the dental implants for posterior column defects. The clinical restorative effects of three prostheses were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:During 6-48 months of fol ow-up, the gingival edge coloring, gingival margin microleakage, the color of prosthesis of Lava zirconia al oy ceramic crowns and gold-platinum al oy ceramic crowns were better than those of silver-pal adium al oy crowns, and the gingival edge coloring and the color of prosthesis of Lava zirconia al oy ceramic crowns were better than those of gold-platinum al oy ceramic crowns, while the gingival margin microleakage of gold-platinum al oy ceramic crowns was better than that of Lava zirconia al oy ceramic crowns. Silver-pal adium al oy crowns were lower than Lava zirconia ceramic crowns and gold-platinum al oy ceramic crowns in the fracture extent. But silver-pal adium al oy crowns had the highest gingival index, the worst gingival health and rapidest and most severe plaque formation. Therefore, Lava zirconia al-ceramic crowns and gold platinum al oy-porcelain crown are ideal prostheses for implant restorations. The former has better biocompatibility, and the latter shows better marginal adaptation.

Introduction of new international requirements for medical laboratory through comparison of ISO 15189∶2012 and ISO 15189 ∶2007 / 中华检验医学杂志

ISO 15189:2012Medical laboratories-Requirements for quality and competence was issued on November 1,2012,which replaced the second edition (ISO 15189:2007 Medical laboratoriesParticular requirements for quality and competence).A study on changes in new edition standard will facilitate medical laboratories,regulatory authorities,accreditation bodies to have a good understanding of requirements of this new edition.An implementation of new edition will assist medical laboratory to improve their management to continually meet requirements of international standards.To enable stakeholders mentioned above have a good understanding and application of this new edition,changes in new edition were discussed in depth in this article.

Influence of pertussis toxin on GPER-mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase R signaling induced by 17β-estradiol in endometrial carcinoma cells / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of pertussis toxin(PTX)on G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)-mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)signaling activated by 17 β-estradiol(17β-E2)in endometrial carcinoma cells.Methods Expressions of GPER protein were detected by immunohistochemical SP method in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells.Changes of levels of GPER,ERα and ERβ protein and the activation of Akt protein were observed by western blot in the two cells after they were treated by PTX for 30 minutes at different concentrations(0,0.1,0.5,1.0 μg/ml),and then co-stimulated with with 1 × 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 respectively at different time (Ishikawa 30 minutes,HEC-1A 15 minutes).Results(1)Immunohistochemical SP method showed that GPER was positive stained in cell cytoplasm of Ishikawa and HEC-1A cell.(2)After co-treated with PTX at different concentrations(0,O.1,0.5,1.0 μg/ml)and 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2,in Ishikawa cell,the ratio of pAkt/Akt was 0.74 ±0.54,0.34 ±0.06,0.18 ±0.03,0.07 ±0.15,the gray values of GPER was 0.872 ± 0.490,0.395 ± 0.054,0.145 ± 0.014,0.034 ± 0.008,and with increasing concentration of PTX,the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and the expression of GPER decreased gradually(P ＜ 0.05),which was most obviously when the concentration was 1.0 μg/ml(F =63.729,P =0.0001;F =160.284,P =0.0001);ERα and ERβ protein had no significant change among different groups(P ＞0.05).In HEC-1A cell,the ratio of pAkt/Akt was 0.73 ±0.09,0.26 ±0.14,0.11 ±0.03,0,the Gray values of GPER is 0.927 ±0.134,0.485 ± 0.022,0.194 ± 0.004,0,and with increasing concentration of PTX,the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and the expression of GPER decreased gradually(P ＜ 0.05),which were also completely inhibited when the concentration was 1 μg/ml(F =1039.321,P =0.0001;F =109.646,P =0.0001),ERα protein had no significant differences(P ＞ 0.05)among different groups.ERβ was negatively expressed.Conclusion The results proposed that the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells could be inhibited after blocking the role of GPER by PTX.

Analysis of serum neutralizing antibody response in patients with primary dengue virus type 1 infection / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the characteristics and dynamic changes of serum neutralizing antibody response in patients with primary infection of dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum samples were obtained from the same patients with primary infection of DENV-1 within 2 weeks after symptom onset in 2006 and in 2010. A group-specific DENV NS1 capture ELISA-based micro-neutralizing test (ELISA-MNT) capable of detecting neutralizing antibodies against all the 4 serotypes of DENV was used to test the neutralizing antibody titers against DENV in the serum samples. The neutralizing antibody titers against a standard strain and 2 clinically isolated strains of DENV-1 were detected in serum samples collected in 2010.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cross-reactive neutralizing antibody response against all the 4 serotypes of DENV was found in both of the serum samples collected in 2006 and 2010, but the samples collected in 2006 showed stronger cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses. The neutralizing antibody against DENV-2, rather than the anticipated DENV-1 antibody, had the highest titer in the samples collected in 2006, whereas the antibody against homologous DENV-1 had the highest titer in the samples obtained in 2010. The neutralizing antibody titers against the homologous DENV-1 was significantly higher in samples collected in 2010 (U=86.500, P=0.000), which also demonstrated significantly different neutralizing antibody titers against the 3 different strains of DENV-1 (Χ(2)=12.123, P=0.002).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The production of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies between the 4 serotypes of DENV is a characteristic of DENV infection, particularly during early infection, but only the homologous neutralizing antibody increases obviously over time. The titers of the neutralizing antibodies against different strains, even of the same serotype, may differ distinctly.</p>

Risk prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a health check-up population / 中华健康管理学杂志

ObjectiveTo develop a simple scoring system to identify individuals with higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ).Methods Major risk factors of T2DM were fixed after literature review.Logistic regression was used to select risk factors of T2DM.Target populations were randomly assigned to 2 groups,and group A was used for the development of risk factor scoring method and group B for the confirmation of this new method.Results The threshold for T2DM risk was 65.0 for men and 65.5 for women ( sensitivity 90.6％ and 83.3％,respectively; specificity 89.4％ and 97.7％,respectively ; positive predictive value 58.8％and 80.0％,respectively;negative predictive value 98.3％and 98.2％,respectively ; area under the curve 0.955 and 0.899,respectively).There was significant difference of T2DM detection between screening and risk scoring system ( P =0.000 ).Conclusion Our T2DM risk scoring system may provide an effective tool to identify individuals with a higher risk of developing T2DM.

Expression and significance of caveolin-1 in breast carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of caveolin-1 in breast carcinoma.Methods Using immunohistochemical method the protein expression of caveolin-1 were analyzed in 105 cases of breast carcinoma and 50 cases of non-cancerous breast tissues.The relationship between caveolin-1 expression and CK5/6,EGFR,and E-cadherin expression was investigated.Clinical data of 105 cases of breast carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 105 cases of breast carcinoma,there were 20 cases of basal-like subtype,22 cases of luminal subtype A,23 cases of luminal subtype B,23 cases of HER2 over-expressing subtype,17 cases of normal breast-like subtype.Positive rate of caveolin-1 was significantly lower in breast carcinoma than in non-cancerous breast tissues (24.8％ vs.88.0％,P ＜ 0.05).Positive rate of caveolin-1 (75.0％) was higher in breast carcinoma than in luminal subtype A ( 4.8％ ),luminal subtype B ( 17.4％ ),HER2 over-expressing subtype ( 17.4％ ) or normal breast-like subtype( 11.8％ ),all P ＜0.05.Caveolin-1 expression was associated with expression of CK5/6 and EGFR(P ＜0.01 ).In univariate analysis,positive caveolin-1 was associated with higher lymph node metastasis rate (18/26,69.2％ )than negative (37/79,46.8％ ),P =0.047,and shorter 5-year-disease-free survival (38.46％ vs.74.68％,P =0.0004 ),but in multivariate analysis caveolin-1 was not an independent predictor of 5-year- disease-free survival (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Caveolin-1 can be seen as a screening mark of basal-like breast carcinoma,it may promote the invasiveness of breast cancer cells,but it is not an independent prognostic predictor of breast cancer patients.

A survey about health statistics instructional needs of postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

ObjectiveTo get to know the status of health statistics postgraduate teaching and requirements during the study, and provide a basis to improve medical statistics teaching. MethodsPostgraduate students of 2008 grade of Dalian Medical University were selected randomly and filled in the self-designed questionnaire. Results52.6％ of the students considered that medical statistics was more important than other courses. 72.6％ of the students thought that medical statistics was difficult. Up to 30％of the students couldn't master and apply superior statistical analysis technique. ConclusionThe results of the survey offered basis and direction for enhancing the teaching quality and improving teaching methods.