ABSTRACT
Breast-conserving surgery plus adjuvant whole-breast irradiationmay reduce the risk of local tumors and improve living con-ditions of patients. Conventional whole-breast radiotherapy confers good tumor control and esthetic effects with lower toxicity. How-ever, treatment periods of 5-7 weeks are inconvenient for patients and may lead to the wastage of medical resources. Thus, increasing-ly more individuals tend to choose a short-term radiotherapy mode, such as hypofractionated radiotherapy or partial breast irradia-tion. Many published reports suggest that short-term radiotherapy is safe and effective, similar to conventional fractionation, with comparable tumor control and fewer side effects than noted with conventional fractionation. Therefore, in contrast to conventional whole-breast radiotherapy, short-time radiotherapy shows remarkable advantages in shortening the total treatment duration, reduc-ing medical costs, saving medical resources, and improving the quality of life of patients.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the inhibitory effect of matrine on the proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore the possible molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#Cultured human NSCLC A549 cells were treated with 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0 g/L matrine for 24, 48 or 72 h. CCK-8 assay was used for measuring the changes in A549 cell viability. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope, and flow cytometry was employed for analyzing the cell apoptosis. The effects of matrine and the PI3K specific inhibitor LY294002 (10 nmol/L) on AKT pathway and autophagy-related proteins in A549 cells were investigated using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Matrine significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner ( < 0.05). At the concentration of 1.6 g/L or higher, matrine caused obvious cell shrinkage and fragmentation and significantly increased floating cells; autophagy vacuoles could be observed in the cells after acridine orange staining. Within the concentrations range of 0.8-1.6 g/L, matrine time- and dosedependently increased the cell apoptosis. Treatment of the cells with 1.6 g/L matrine and 10 nmol/L LY294002 resulted in significantly lowered expressions of p-AKT and p-mTOR proteins and increased the expression of light chain 3B (LC 3B), an autophagy-related protein, as compared with those in the control cells ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#We demonstrate that matrine inhibits the proliferation and induces autophagy and apoptosis of A549 cells by deactivating AKT pathway, suggesting the potential of matrine as an anti-cancer agent for lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alkaloids , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Cell Proliferation , Lung Neoplasms , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Quinolizines , Signal Transduction , TOR Serine-Threonine KinasesABSTRACT
Whole-breast irradiation has been used to reduce the risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer.A number of randomized clinical trials and metaanalyses have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of whole-breast irradiation.With the progress of radiotherapy and the survival extented of patients,this standard treatment model is facing some challenges for different breast cancer groups,and its alternative model has been paid more attention at the same time.The efficacy of partial breast irradiation,hypofactionated whole breast irradiation and the omission of breast RT are equivalent to whole-breast irradiation,while the side effects are reduced.In the same time,they shorten the treatment time of patient and reduce the burden on the patient,which is worth for popularization and application in clinic.
ABSTRACT
Whole-breast irradiation has been used to reduce the risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer.A number of randomized clinical trials and metaanalyses have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of whole-breast irradiation.With the progress of radiotherapy and the survival extented of patients,this standard treatment model is facing some challenges for different breast cancer groups,and its alternative model has been paid more attention at the same time.The efficacy of partial breast irradiation,hypofactionated whole breast irradiation and the omission of breast RT are equivalent to whole-breast irradiation,while the side effects are reduced.In the same time,they shorten the treatment time of patient and reduce the burden on the patient,which is worth for popularization and application in clinic.
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Objective To detect the value of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)in peripheral venous blood in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods 50 female patients with advanced advanced metastatic breast can-cer hospitalized in our hospital from May 2016 to December 2016 were enrolled in the research. Patients were divid-ed into oligometastases group and extensive metastasis group through multi-department comprehensive analysis andimaging diagnosis. 10 cases with early stage breast cancer were selected randomly. 10 healthy female volunteers were recruited as control group. After obtaining written informed consent from research subjects ,7.5 mL peripheral blood was drew from patients and volunteers prior to starting a new line of chemotherapy ,surgery or other treat-ment. CTCs counts from Blood samples were detected density gradient centrifugation associate with flow cytometry. Results The base line was formulated as CTCs≥5/7.5 mL positive and CTCs<5/7.5 mL negative. By comparing the positive expression of CTCs in early and advanced metastatic breast cancer(Pa = 0.01,P < 0.05),positive CTCs was associated with advanced metastatic breast cancer. Comparision of the positive expression of CTCs between oligometastases group and the extensive transfer group showed significant difference in the CTCs count be-tween the two groups(Pb = 0.018,P < 0.05). In the corresponding period,no positive CTCs was detected in all healthy volunteers. Conclusion CTCs count was associated with metastatic breast cancer. There was a correlation between tumor metastasis and CTCs count (the more widely metastasis ,the higher the detection rate of CTCs). CTCs may be of relevant value in the diagnosis and treatment ,and prognosis evaluation of metastatic breast cancer.
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Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is a rare malignant tumor with strong invasive ability and high malignancy.It is difficult to early diagnose and the radical surgery is hard.The prognosis is very poor with the median survival of six months approximately.The surgery is a primary treatment.For patients who can not be treated by surgery radiotherapy which is a feasble way.Respectively at a certain extent can improve the control rate,however chemotherapy does not show obvious advantages.
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Objective To explore the treatment effect and failure patterns associated with different clinical target volume on patients with esophageal carcinoma treated with 5-filed intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and to determine whether involved field irradiation (IFI) is practicable in these patients. Methods A total of 88 patients with esophageal carcinoma between January 2012 to June 2014 underwent IMRT in our hospital, were divided into IFI group and elective nodal irradiation(ENI) group according to the CTV range for a concurrent control study. Results One-year and two-year survival rate in IFI group and ENI group were 75.0%, 45.5% and 70.5%, 43.2% respectively (P > 0.05). Local failure rate in IFI and ENI groups was 27.3% and 22.7% respectively, distant metastasis failure rates 22.7% and 18.2% respectively and regional failure rate outside the radiation field 11.4% and 4.5%, which showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated failure outside the radiation field tended to increase for primary lesion located in the up thoracic or clinical stageⅠ in IFI group. The volume dose histogram of lung V5, V20, V30 and mean lung dose of ENI group were greater than that of IFI group, while V5 of lung and the mean lung dose had statistical difference. Conclusions The survival rate and local control rate have no significant differencein IFI group and ENI group, so IFI is feasible for some esophageal carcinoma, but it should be cautious to choose IFI for those primary lesion located in the up thoracic or clinical stageⅠ.
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LIV-1(SLC39A6/ZIP6),primarily located on the cell membrane ,is one of the LZT subfami-ly members among the zinc transportprotein family .It possess six to eight transmembrane spanning domains ,with regions of concentrated histidine residues ,which has been shown to participate in the process of embryonic devel-opment as well as the growth and proliferation of tumors .It has been clearly established that LIV -1 played an important role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its overexpression ,which turned out to be a negative correlation upon the cancer′s prognosis has been verified to be a potent therapeutic target .Here-in,the advances of zinc transporter LIV -1 and the potential significance of the transporter to esophageal squa-mous cell carcinoma are reviewed .
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Precise target delineation,target amendment and treatment plan regulation before radiotherapy and effect evaluation after radiothe-rapy are critical for the treatment of esophageal cancer.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT,a unique combination of the functionally metabolic PET imaging and the anatomical CT imaging,can provide more anatomical details for PET,and it can reflect differences in tumor and normal tissue metabolic states and biochemical changes at the molecular level,and provide more valuable assistance for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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AsoneoftheCdc25phosphatasefamilymembers,Cdc25Cplaysanimportantroleinregu-lating mitosis of eukaryotic cells.In eukaryotic cells,CDK1-cell cycle protein B (CyclinB)compound mainly control the process of G2-M.The activity of Cdc25 C is the key in cell cycle into M phase.It activates CDK1-cyclinB complexes to promote cells from G2 to M phase .Improving Cdc25 C activity can promote the G2-M phase transition,and remove the G2-M phase retardation induced by ionizing radiation,preventing the damaged DNA from repaired into the phase of cell division,resulting in cell death caused by excessive cell proliferation, thus enhance radiosensitivity.
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Objective:To retrospectively analyze the treatment effect and the patterns of failure associated with different clinical target volume on patients with esophageal cancer treated with three dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiotherapy, and to determine whether involved field radiotherapy is practicable in these patients. Methods:A total of 68 patients with esophageal squa-mous cell carcinoma between January 2007 to June 2011 in our hospital underwent three dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiotherapy, according to the CTV range is divided into lymph involved-field group (involved field group) and lymph extended field group (extended field group). Results:In Involved field group and expand field group the survival rate of 1, 2 years were 59%, 41%and 61%, 39% respectively (P=0.56), and local control rates were 66%, 48% and 68%, 49% respectively(P=0.78). The total failure rates of involved field and the expand field were 63%and 66%(P=0.89). The local failure rate was 53%and 59%, distant metastasis failure rates were 47%and 44%, the regional failure rates were 11.8%and 7.5%in Involved field and the expand field, there were no difference in Statistics (P=0.39). The lung V10, V20, V30 and mean lung dose of extended field group were greater than that of the in-volved field group, while the mean lung dose and V10 has statistical difference. Conclusion:The involved field group was similar as the extended field group in the survival rate and local control rate, the regional recurrence and distant metastasis are the main cause of treatment failure, so the involved field radiotherapy is feasible for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
For the patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who can tolerate surgery,surgery remains the standard treatment.For that patients who can not tolerate surgery,a large number of studies have shown that stereotactic body radiothery (SBRT) plays an indispensable role in the treatment of early NSCLC.