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1.
J. bras. nefrol ; 45(2): 162-168, June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1506579

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the relationship between the presence of proteinuria as a renal injury marker in elderly without history of systemic arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. A cross-sectional study was developed from January 2014 to December 2019, through kidney disease prevention campaigns promoted by the Federal University of Ceará in the city of Fortaleza. Methods: The sample consisted of 417 elderlies. A questionnaire was used to characterize individuals and assess previous diseases, and urinalysis reagent strips were used to assess proteinuria. Results: Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) and moderate effect sizes were found for blood pressure levels (CI 0.53-0.93), systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (CI 0.21-0.61). Significant differences in capillary glycemia were also found between groups (p = 0.033), but with a low effect size (0.02-0.42). The group with comorbidities was 2.94 times more likely to have proteinuria than those without comorbidities (OR 2.94, CI 1.55-4.01; p < 0.05). In the group without cardiovascular disease/high blood pressure, a statistically significant association was found for previous diabetes and proteinuria (p = 0.037), presenting 2.68 times higher risk of proteinuria in those with diabetes mellitus (OR 2.68, CI 1.05-6.85). Significant association was also found between age groups, with the older group having 2.69 times higher risk of developing proteinuria (75 to 90 compared to 60 to 74 years) (CI 1.01-7.16; p = 0.045). Conclusion: Even without systemic arterial hypertension or cardiovascular disease, diabetes and older age can be considered high risk factors for proteinuria.


Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre a presença de proteinúria como marcador de lesão renal em idosos sem histórico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e doenças cardiovasculares. Um estudo transversal foi desenvolvido de Janeiro de 2014 a Dezembro de 2019, por meio de campanhas de prevenção a doenças renais promovidas pela Universidade Federal do Ceará, na cidade de Fortaleza. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 417 idosos. Um questionário foi usado para caracterizar indivíduos e avaliar doenças prévias, e foram utilizadas tiras reagentes de urinálise para avaliar proteinúria. Resultados: Diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p < 0,05) e tamanhos de efeito moderados foram encontrados para níveis de pressão arterial (IC 0,53-0,93), pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica (IC 0,21-0,61). Também foram encontradas diferenças significativas na glicemia capilar entre grupos (p = 0,033), mas com um tamanho de efeito baixo (0,02-0,42). O grupo com comorbidades apresentou 2,94 vezes mais probabilidade de ter proteinúria do que aqueles sem comorbidades (OR 2,94; IC 1,55-4,01; p < 0,05). No grupo sem doença cardiovascular/hipertensão, foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significativa para diabetes anterior e proteinúria (p = 0,037), apresentando risco 2,68 vezes maior de proteinúria naqueles com diabetes mellitus (OR 2,68; IC 1,05-6,85). Também foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre faixas etárias, com o grupo mais velho apresentando risco 2,69 vezes maior de desenvolver proteinúria (75 a 90 em comparação com 60 a 74 anos) (IC 1,01-7,16; p = 0,045). Conclusão: Mesmo sem hipertensão arterial sistêmica ou doença cardiovascular, o diabetes e a idade avançada podem ser considerados fatores de alto risco para proteinúria.

2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 58(3): 428-434, May-June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449812

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives This study aims to analyze the safety of a simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (SBTKA) and to investigate patients' satisfaction with the procedure performed concomitantly. Methods In a prospective study, we evaluated 45 patients undergoing SBTKA performed by two surgical teams. The mean age of the patients was 66.9 years; 33 subjects were female (73.3%) and 12 (26.6%) were male. We followed a protocol of intra- and postoperatively measures to ensure the safety of this procedure. We evaluated the surgery time and blood loss by hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels on the first postoperative day, the percentage of patients who received a transfusion of packed red blood cells, and the number of required units. We also recorded perioperative complications, and, at the end of 3 months, we asked patients about their preference between the simultaneous or staged procedure. Results The mean surgery time was 169 minutes. In the postoperative period, there was an average decrease of 28.2% in Htc and 27.0% in Hgb. A total of 16 patients (35.5%) received a transfusion of packed red blood cells (mean, 1.75 units per patient requiring a transfusion). There were 12 minor complications (26.6%) and 2 major complications (4.4%); furthermore, no patient had a clinical diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, and there were no deaths. Conclusions The SBTKA procedure may be considered safe if performed in selected patients and with a care protocol to prevent complications. This type of procedure was unanimously approved by patients.


Resumo Objetivos Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a segurança da artroplastia total bilateral de joelho simultânea (ATJBS) e investigar a satisfação dos pacientes com o procedimento realizado de forma concomitante. Métodos Em um estudo prospectivo, avaliamos 45 pacientes submetidos à ATJBS feita por duas equipes cirúrgicas. A idade média dos pacientes foi 66,9 anos, sendo 33 do gênero feminino (73,3%) e 12 (26,6%) do gênero masculino. No período intra- e pós-operatório foi seguido um protocolo de medidas visando a segurança do procedimento. Avaliamos o tempo de cirurgia, a perda sanguínea pelo hematócrito (Ht) e hemoglobina (Hb), obtidos no primeiro dia de pós-operatório, a porcentagem de pacientes que receberam transfusão de concentrado de hemácias e quantidade de unidades que foram necessárias. Verificamosascomplicaçõesnoperíodo periopera-tório e, ao final de três meses, inquirimos aos pacientes sobre a preferência entre o procedimento simultâneo ou estagiado. Resultados O tempo médio de cirurgia foi de 169 minutos; no pós-operatório houve um decréscimo médio de 28,2% do Ht e de 27,0% da Hb. Ao todo, 16 pacientes (35,5%) receberam transfusão de concentrado de hemácias (média de 1,75 unidades por paciente que precisou de reposição). Tivemos 12 complicações menores (26,6%) e 2 complicações maiores (4,4%); além disso, nenhum paciente teve o diagnóstico clínico de trombose venosa profunda e não houve mortes. Conclusões A ATJBS pode ser considerada um procedimento seguro, se realizada em pacientes selecionados e com um protocolo de cuidados para prevenir complicações. Esse procedimento teve a aprovação unânime dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Satisfaction , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Knee/surgery
3.
Adv Rheumatol ; 63: 16, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447153

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The prevalence of HLA-B27 gene positivity in healthy Caucasian communities varies between 8 and 14%. However, there is a lack of information in countries with a high rate of miscegenation, such as Brazil. Aim To estimate the frequency of HLA-B27 in the Brazilian general population using a large national registry database. Methods This is a cross-sectional ecological study using the Brazilian Registry of Volunteer Bone Marrow Donors (REDOME) database on HLA-B27 allelic frequency and proportion of positives of healthy donors (18-60 years old). Data were analyzed according to sex, age, race (by self-reported skin color recommended by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE), and geographic region of residence. Results From 1994 to 2022, a total of 5,389,143 healthy bone marrow donors were included. The overall positivity for HLA-B27 was 4.35% (CI 95% 4.32-4.37%), regardless of sex and age (57.2% were women, mean age was 41.7yo). However, there was a difference between races: 4.85% in Whites; 2.92% in Blacks; 3.76% in Pardos (Browns i.e. mixed races); 3.95% in Amarelos (Yellows i.e. Asian Brazilians); and 3.18% in Indigenous. There was also a difference regarding geographic region of residence (North: 3.62%; Northeast: 3.63%; Southeast: 4.29%; Midwest: 4.5% and 5.25% in South). The homozygosity rate for the HLA-B27 was 1.32% of all the positives and only 0.06% in the general population. Conclusions Our findings provide the first Brazilian national prevalence for HLA-B27 in 4.35%. There is a gradient gene positivity from North to South, suggesting that the genetic background related to the miscegenation due to colonization, slavery, and some later waves of immigration together with internal migratory flows, could explain our findings.

4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(7): e20220460, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447315

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento As pontes miocárdicas (PM) são anomalias anatômicas com possíveis repercussões clínicas, e, portanto, seu entendimento merece atenção. Objetivo Para determinar a prevalência e caracterizar a PM em corações humanos do estado do Ceará. Métodos: Foram usados cinquenta corações de cadáveres humanos adultos da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil. Os corações foram dissecados para identificar PMs que passam sobre parte da artéria coronária. O segmento da artéria (proximal, médio e distal) com a ponte foi identificado. O diâmetro externo da artéria nos pontos proximal e distal da PM foi medido. O comprimento e a espessura da PM também foram medidos com um calibre eletrônico. O índice de massa muscular (IMM) da PM foi calculado como o produto do comprimento pela espessura expresso em milímetros. O nível de significância adotado para a análise estatística foi 5%. Resultados A PM foi confirmada em 40% da amostra. Aproximadamente um terço da amostra tinha apenas 1 PM. A PM foi encontrada mais frequentemente sobre o ramo interventricular anterior da artéria coronária esquerda (59,25%, p = 0,02), e sua prevalência em outros ramos foi muito mais baixa (22,23%). Os segmentos das artérias mais afetados foram o superior (44,44%) e o médio (40,74%). O diâmetro médio das artérias proximais em relação à PM foi de 2,38 ± 0,97 mm (intervalo = 0,78 - 5,15 mm), e o diâmetro distal da PM foi de 1,71 ± 0,75 mm (intervalo = 0,42 - 3,58 mm). O comprimento foi medido como média = 8,55 ± 5,27 mm, e a espessura média foi de 0,89 ± 0,33 mm. Conclusão A alta prevalência de PM tem mais probabilidade de afetar o sistema da artéria coronária esquerda com IMM maior do que outros ramos afetados.


Abstract Background Myocardial bridges (MB) are anatomical anomalies with possible clinical repercussions; hence, their understanding deserves attention. Objective To determinate the prevalence and characterize MB in human hearts from the state of Ceará. Methods: Fifty hearts of adult human cadavers from the Medicine School of Federal University of Ceará, Brazil. The hearts were dissected to identify MBs that pass over part of the coronary artery. The segment of the artery (proximal, middle, and distal) with a bridge was identified. The external diameter of the artery at the proximal and distal points of the MB was measured. The length and thickness of the MB were also measured with an electronic caliper. The muscle index (MMI) of the MB was calculated as the product of length and thickness expressed in millimeters. The significance level adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. Results MB was confirmed in 40% of sample. Approximately one third of the sample had only 1 MB. MB was most frequently found over the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery (59.25%, p=0.02), and its prevalence in other branches was much lower (22.23%). The most affected segments of arteries were the superior (44.44%) and medium (40.74%). The mean diameter of arteries proximal to the MB was 2.38±0.97mm (range=0.78-5.15mm), and the diameter distal to the MB was 1.71±0.75mm (range=0.42-3.58mm). The length was measured as mean=8.55±5.27mm, while the mean thickness was 0.89±0.33mm. Conclusion A high prevalence of MB is more likely to affect the left coronary artery system with larger MMI than other affected branches.

5.
Acta ortop. bras ; 30(spe2): e246988, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403055

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical results of PCL tibial avulsion fracture fixation performed with 4 mm cancellous screws using a dual posteromedial (PM) portal technique. Methods In a prospective study, we followed 12 patients submitted to PCL tibial insertion avulsion arthroscopic fixation using dual PM portals with cancellous screws from March 2014 to Jan 2020. The proximal higher PM portal served as an instrument portal and provided an optimal trajectory for arthroscopic screw fixation of larger PCL avulsion fractures. The lower PM portal was used as a viewing portal. Results Significant improvements were found between the preoperative and postoperative mean Lysholm scores at six months. The preoperative IKDC score mean of 10.13 increased to 89.3 at the end of six months. Minor adverse results with this technique were: grade I on posterior sag in five knees (41.6%), temporary stiffness in two cases (16.7 %), delayed union in one patient (8.3 %), and difficulty squatting at the end of six months in one patient (8.3%). Temporary extension lag was present in two individuals (16.7%), and fixed subtle flexion deficit of 3-5 degrees occurred in one individual (8.3 %). Conclusion The outcomes obtained with the proposed technique were similar to those obtained with open techniques, although mild flexion deficits and discreet posterior sag may be present in a significant number of cases. Level of Evidence II; Prospective Cohort Study.


RESUMO Objetivos O objetivo foi avaliar os resultados clínicos da fixação da fratura da avulsão tibial PCL realizada com parafusos esponjosos de 4 mm, utilizando uma técnica de portal postero-medial (PM) duplo. Métodos Em um estudo prospectivo, acompanhamos 12 pacientes submetidos à fixação da avulsão tibial de inserção PCL por via artroscópica utilizando portais duplos PM com parafusos esponjosos de março de 2014 a janeiro de 2020. O portal PM proximal superior serviu como um portal de instrumentos e forneceu uma trajetória ideal para a fixação artroscópica com parafusos de fixação de fraturas avulsas PCL maiores. O portal PM inferior foi usado como um portal de visualização. Resultados Foram encontradas melhorias significativas entre o pré-operatório e o pós-operatório, com pontuação média de Lysholm aos seis meses. A pontuação média do IKDC pré-operatório de 10,13 aumentou para 89,3 no final dos seis meses. Os resultados adversos menores com esta técnica foram: grau I na flacidez posterior de cinco joelhos (41,6%), rigidez temporária em dois casos (16,7%), união tardia em um paciente (8,3%) e dificuldade de agachamento ao final de seis meses em um paciente (8,3%). O atraso temporário da extensão estava presente em dois indivíduos (16,7%) e o déficit de flexão sutil fixo de 3-5 graus ocorreu em um indivíduo (8,3%). Conclusão Os resultados obtidos com a técnica proposta foram similares aos obtidos com técnicas abertas, embora déficits leves de flexão e discreta flacidez posterior possam estar presentes em um número significativo de casos. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo de Coorte Prospectivo.

6.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 65(2): 212-230, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248814

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Hypopituitarism is a disorder characterized by insufficient secretion of one or more pituitary hormones. New etiologies of hypopituitarism have been recently described, including head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, and drug-induced hypophysitis. The investigation of patients with these new disorders, in addition to advances in diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism, has increased the prevalence of this condition. Pituitary hormone deficiencies can induce significant clinical changes with consequent increased morbidity and mortality rates, while hormone replacement based on current guidelines protects these patients. In this review, we will first discuss the different etiologies of hypopituitarism and then address one by one the clinical aspects, diagnostic evaluation, and therapeutic options for deficiencies of TSH, ACTH, gonadotropin, and GH. Finally, we will detail the hormonal interactions that occur during replacement of pituitary hormones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Endocrinology , Hypopituitarism/etiology , Hypopituitarism/drug therapy , Pituitary Hormones , Brazil , Hormone Replacement Therapy
7.
Acta ortop. bras ; 29(1): 21-25, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152727

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate if functional training with the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) can reduce the risk of a new injury for patients that underwent an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Our hypothesis was that the functional training might reduce the risk of a new injury. Methods: Our training protocol consisted of six phases, each one lasting six weeks. It began two months after surgery. The study group was composed of 10 individuals that completed our protocol after ACLR. The control group consisted of 10 people that completed a regular ACLR rehabilitation protocol. The FMS was used to compare the study and control group performance. Patients with a score of 14 or less on the FMS were considered more likely to suffer an injury than those with a score higher than 14. Results: The study group average FMS score was 16.6 compared to the control group at 12.3. Functional training for ACLR rehabilitation added a statistically significant benefit (p < 0.0002) to reduce the risk of a new injury compared to regular protocol. Conclusion: Functional training may be considered an alternative to the regular ACLR rehabilitation to reduce the risk of a new injury before returning to sports. Level of Evidence III, Case control study.


RESUMO Objetivo: Nosso objetivo foi avaliar se o treinamento funcional pode reduzir o risco de nova lesão, após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (RLCA), pelo Functional Movement Screen (FMS). Nossa hipótese foi que o treinamento funcional pode diminuir o risco de nova lesão. Métodos: O treinamento consistiu de seis fases de seis semanas cada uma. Começou dois meses após a reconstrução do ligamento. O grupo estudo foi composto por 10 indivíduos que completaram o treinamento, após a RLCA. O grupo controle consistiu em 10 pessoas que fizeram o protocolo regular de reabilitação da RLCA. O FMS foi utilizado para comparar o desempenho dos dois grupos. Pacientes com pontuação igual ou inferior a 14 foram considerados mais propensos a sofrer nova lesão em comparação àqueles com pontuação maior que 14. Resultados: A pontuação média do grupo estudo foi de 16,6 e a do grupo controle, 12,3. O treinamento funcional adicionou um benefício estatisticamente significativo (p < 0,0002) para diminuir o risco de nova lesão, em comparação com o protocolo regular. Conclusão: O treinamento funcional pode ser mais uma estratégia a ser incluida na reabilitação regular da RLCA, para diminuir o risco de uma nova lesão, antes de retornar ao esporte. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo de Caso controle.

8.
Rev. Cient. CRO-RJ (Online) ; 5(1): 75-79, Jan.-Apr. 2020.
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1139961

ABSTRACT

The presence of white spots due to dental fluorosis can cause aesthetic discomfort, being one of the factors for a search for dental treatment. Objective: Report a clinical case in which the aesthetic complaint was solved through the association of the dental bleaching to the microabrasion technique. Case report: Male patient, 13 years, attended to the Integrated Clinic of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, with fluorosis, mainly in the antero-superior teeth and aesthetic complaint. Initially, it was made an immediate bleaching with hydrogen peroxide at 35%, in 3 sessions of 15 minutes each, to soften the disparity of shades between tooth-stain. The result was insufficient and the dental microabrasion technique was adopted. A pumice paste was applied together with gel of phosphoric acid at 37% under relative isolation, in a total of 8 applications (1 minute each). At the end of each application, it was made an abundant water washing, microengine mounted fine-grained disc polishing and topical application of neutral NaF2 in gel (4 minutes each application) to eliminate possible postoperative sensitivity. Conclusion: The dental bleaching and the microabrasion technique promoted satisfactory immediate clinical results that increased self-esteem of the patient in a minimally invasive way to dental structure.


Introdução: A presença de manchas brancas por fluorose dentária pode causar desconforto estético, sendo um dos fatores para busca de tratamento odontológico. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico em que a queixa estética foi resolvida através da associação do clareamento dentário à técnica de microabrasão. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 13 anos, compareceu a Clínica Integrada da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRJ, com fluorose, principalmente nos dentes ântero-superiores e queixa estética. Inicialmente, realizou-se clareamento imediato com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%, em 3 sessões de 15 minutos, para suavizar a disparidade de tons entre mancha-dente. O resultado obtido foi insuficiente e a técnica de microabrasão dentária foi adotada. Uma pasta de pedra pomes foi aplicada juntamente com gel de ácido fosfórico a 37% sob isolamento relativo, perfazendo um total de 8 aplicações (1 minuto cada). Ao final de cada aplicação, foi realizada lavagem abundante com água, polimento com disco de granulação fina montado em micromotor e aplicação tópica de NaF2 neutro em gel (4 minutos cada aplicação) para eliminar possível sensibilidade pós-operatória. Conclusão: O clareamento dentário e a técnica de microabrasão promoveram resultados clínicos imediatos satisfatórios que elevaram a autoestima do paciente, de maneira minimamente invasiva para estrutura dentária.


Subject(s)
Tooth Bleaching , Enamel Microabrasion , Fluorosis, Dental , Tooth Diseases , Stomatognathic Diseases , Adolescent , Esthetics, Dental , Hydrogen Peroxide
9.
Dent. press endod ; 10(2): 79-85, maio-ago.2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1344673

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o cisto periapical é classificado como cisto odontogênico inflamatório, sendo a lesão periapical de maior incidência na cavidade bucal. A lesão é assintomática, radiograficamente apresentando imagem radiolúcida, unilocular, bem definida, circundando o ápice de um dente desvitalizado. Para concluir o diagnóstico de cisto periapical, é necessário realizar, também, exame histopatológico. Métodos: o presente trabalho visou descrever o caso clínico de uma paciente com 12 anos de idade, sexo feminino, apresentando extensa restauração em resina composta e lesão no periápice do dente #16 (aproximadamente 15,2mmx 14,6mm), com presença de fístula palatina. A partir do diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico de cisto periapical, optou-se primeiramente pelo tratamento endodôntico convencional. Após sucessivas trocas de medicação intracanal (usando clorexidina gel 2% + hidróxido de cálcio), a fístula não regrediu e, assim, foi sugerida a enucleação da lesão, com encaminhamento do material para exame histopatológico. Resultados: após um acompanhamento de dois anos, foi possível constatar a efetividade do tratamento proposto. Conclusão: o correto diagnóstico depende de conhecimentos técnicos e experiência clínica, sendo necessária, muitas vezes, a atuação conjunta de várias especialidades para resolução do caso (AU).


Introduction: periapical cysts are classified as inflammatory, odontogenic cysts; periapical lesions are the most common lesions in the oral cavity. These lesions are asymptomatic; radiographically, they present radiolucent, unilocular, well-defined images and they surround the apices of devitalized teeth. To correctly diagnose a periapical cyst it is also necessary to perform a histopathological examination. Methods: the present study describes the clinical case of a twelve year-old female patient who presented an extensive restoration of composite resin and a periapical lesion in tooth No. 16 (approximately 15.2 x 14.6 mm), with the presence of palatine fistula. Based on the clinical and radiographic diagnosis of the periapcal cyst, we first opted for conventional endodontic treatment. After successive changes of intracanal medication (using 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide) the fistula did not regress and thus it was decided to enucleate the lesion; the material was then sent for histopathological examination. Results: after two years follow-up it was possible to verify that the treatment had been effective. Conclusion: a correct diagnosis depends on technical knowledge and clinical experience; it is often necessary to work jointly with several different specialists to solve a case (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Periapical Periodontitis , Tooth, Nonvital , Endodontics , Radiology , Surgery, Oral , Calcium Hydroxide , Chlorhexidine
10.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 55(1): 88-94, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092672

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To evaluate possible connections between the weight and height of patients submitted to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with the length, width and area of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fovea, as verified during surgery. Methods A total of 33 proximal tibial joint surfaces, obtained from TKA tibial sections of 33 patients, were used in the present study. The ACL was resected with a delicate scalpel to expose the ACL tibial fovea. Then the periphery of this fovea was delimited with a marker pen by means of small dots. Each piece was photographed, and the ACL tibial fovea length, width, and area were measured with the ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) software. Statistical analysis studied the correlation between anthropometrics data of the patients and the measurements of the ACL tibial fovea. Results The ACL tibial fovea length, width, and area were, respectively, 11.7 ± 2.0 mm, 7.1 ± 1.4 mm and 151.3 ± 22.2 mm2. There was a statistically significant relationship between the height of the patients and the width of the ACL tibial fovea. The width of the ACL fovea could be predicted by the formula: width = 107 . 294 − 133 . 179 × height + 44 . 009 × squared height. Conclusion The height of the patients may predict the width of the ACL tibial fovea, and therefore, may allow surgeons to choose the more adequate graft for each patient in ACL reconstruction.


Resumo Objetivo Avaliar possíveis relações entre o peso e altura de pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do joelho com o comprimento, largura e área da fóvea do ligamento cruzado anterior, verificados na cirurgia. Métodos Um total de 33 superfícies articulares tibias proximais, obtidas nos cortes tibiais de artroplastia total do joelho de 33 pacientes, foram utilizadas no presente estudo. O ligamento cruzado anterior foi dissecado cuidadosamente e ressecado com bisturi delicado, para expor sua fóvea. Depois, a periferia dessa fóvea foi demarcada por pequenos pontos, com um marcador. Cada peça foi fotografada e as medições do comprimento, largura e área da fóvea tibial do ligamento cruzado anterior foram feitas com o programa ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, EUA). A análise estatística avaliou a correlação entre os dados antropométricos dos pacientes com as medidas da fóvea tibial do ligamento cruzado anterior. Resultados O comprimento, a largura e a área médios da fóvea tibial do ligamento cruzado anterior foram, respectivamente 11,7 ± 2,0 mm, 7,1 ± 1,4 mm e 151,3 ± 22,2 mm2. Houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre a altura dos pacientes e a largura da fóvea tibial do ligamento cruzado anterior. A largura da fóvea do ligamento cruzado anterior pôde ser predita pela fórmula: largura = 107 , 294 − 133 , 179 × altura + 44 , 009 × altura ao quadrado. Conclusão A altura dos pacientes pôde a prever a largura da fóvea tibial do ligamento cruzado anterior e, assim, pode ajudar os cirurgiões escolher o enxerto mais adequado para cada paciente, nas reconstruções do ligamento cruzado anterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arthroplasty , Tibia , Weights and Measures , Anterior Cruciate Ligament/anatomy & histology , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Knee
11.
J. vasc. bras ; 19: e20200072, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143212

ABSTRACT

Abstract The current coronavirus pandemic has already taken a great toll globally, causing massive morbidity and mortality. One of its severe forms is a thrombophilic state that can damage several systems. This article reports the case of 60-year-old female patient who presented with mild flu symptoms, which turned out to be a SARS-CoV2 infection, and ended up developing arterial thrombosis with limb ischemia in a private care hospital in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Considering this progression, we decided to intervene with low molecular weight heparin and Alprostadil, achieving a good clinical outcome. Our description aims to identify key points and clinical signs that offer evidence of the therapeutic window and a treatment option for coagulatory presentations of COVID-19.


Resumo A atual pandemia de coronavírus já gerou danos profundos ao redor do mundo, causando grande quantidade de morbidades e mortes. Uma das manifestações das formas graves da doença é o estado trombofílico, que pode provocar danos em vários sistemas. Este artigo relata o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 60 anos de idade, que foi internada em um serviço hospitalar privado com sintomas gripais inespecíficos leves, mas que progrediu com trombose arterial e isquemia de membros causada pelo SARS-CoV2. Devido à essa evolução, foi optada pela administração concomitante de heparina de baixo peso molecular e Alprostadil, com bom desfecho clínico. Nossa descrição objetiva identificar pontos-chave e sinais clínicos que evidenciem essa janela terapêutica, bem como uma opção de tratamento para as apresentações coagulatórias da COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Alprostadil/therapeutic use , Heparin/therapeutic use , COVID-19/complications , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/drug therapy , Thromboembolism/etiology , Thromboembolism/drug therapy , Thrombosis/etiology , Thrombosis/drug therapy , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/etiology
12.
Adv Rheumatol ; 60: 19, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088654

ABSTRACT

Abstract Spondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. The classification axial spondyloarthritis is adopted when the spine and/or the sacroiliac joints are predominantly involved. This version of recommendations replaces the previous guidelines published in May 2013. A systematic literature review was performed, and two hundred thirty-seven studies were selected and used to formulate 29 recommendations answering 15 clinical questions, which were divided into four sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological therapy, conventional drug therapy and biological therapy. For each recommendation the level of evidence supporting (highest available), the strength grade according to Oxford, and the degree of expert agreement (inter-rater reliability) is informed. These guidelines bring evidence-based information on clinical management of axial SpA patients, including, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Spondylarthritis/diagnosis , Spondylarthritis/therapy , Prognosis , Brazil
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(8): 550-554, Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019466

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Quantitative electromyography is an important tool to evaluate myopathies, and some difficult-to-treat asthmatic patients may have a subclinical corticosteroid myopathic process, using only inhaled corticosteroid, according to some studies. In this report, diaphragm quantitative electromyography was used to evaluate asthmatic difficult-to-treat patients, comparing them with a control group. Significant differences were obtained in amplitude, duration and size index of motor unit action potentials, with lower parameters in the asthmatic patients, which may indicate a myopathic process.


RESUMO Eletromiografia quantitativa é uma ferramenta importante para a avaliação de miopatias, e alguns pacientes asmáticos de difícil controle podem ter um processo miopático subclínico, mesmo usando apenas corticosteroides inalatórios, de acordo com alguns artigos. Nesse artigo a eletromiografia quantitativa do diafragma foi usada para avaliar os pacientes asmáticos de difícil controle, comparando com um grupo controle. Diferenças significativas nas amplitudes, durações e índices de tamanho dos potenciais de unidades motoras foram encontradas, com parâmetros mais baixos nos pacientes asmáticos, o que pode indicar um processo miopático.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Asthma/physiopathology , Diaphragm/physiopathology , Electromyography/methods , Reference Values , Asthma/drug therapy , Time Factors , Action Potentials/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Treatment Outcome , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Statistics, Nonparametric
14.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(7): 995-1000, July 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013018

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES Assess the performance of the Stop-Bang questionnaire in Brazilian patients for the screening of OSA. METHODS A cross-sectional study with historical and consecutive analysis of all patients who underwent polysomnography tests in the Sleeping Sector of the Ear, Nose, and Throat, and Cardiopulmonary (LabSono) Departments of the Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital (HUGG), from 10/17/2011 to 04/16/2015. The variables relating to the SB questionnaire were collected by direct research from the medical records of patients. RESULTS In a series of 83 patients, we found that our sample were similar to other studies conducted in specialized centers of Sleep Medicine, and the population presented characteristics similar to those found by studies in Latin America. Men and women only behaved similarly in relation to the presence of Observed Apnea and body mass index, with a predominance of women who had systemic hypertension over men. In our study, the discriminatory value of 4 or more positive answers to the questionnaire had the best performance in identifying patients with an hourly Apnea-Hypopnea Index greater than 15/h, with a sensitivity of 72.97% (55.9% - 86.2%) and specificity of 67.39% (52.0% - 80.5%). CONCLUSIONS The Stop-Bang questionnaire proved to be, in our sample, a good screening instrument for diagnosing OSA Syndrome.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar o desempenho no Questionário Stop-Bang (QSB) em pacientes brasileiros para rastrear a Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono. MÉTODO Estudo transversal, com análise histórica e consecutiva de todos os pacientes que realizaram exames de polissonografia pelo Setor de Sono da Otorrinolaringologia e da Cardiopulmonar (LabSono) do Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle (HUGG), no período de 17/10/2011 a 16/04/2015. As variáveis referentes ao QSB foram colhidas por pesquisa direta nos prontuários dos pacientes. RESULTADOS Numa casuística de 83 pacientes, encontramos amostras semelhantes a outros estudos realizados em Centros Especializados em Medicina do Sono, com características da população semelhantes aos estudos feitos na América Latina. Homens e mulheres só se comportaram de forma semelhante em relação à presença de apneias presenciadas e o índice de massa corporal, com um predomínio de mulheres com hipertensão arterial sistêmica sobre os homens. Em nosso estudo, o valor discriminatório de quatro ou mais respostas positivas ao questionário mostrou o melhor desempenho em identificar pacientes com um índice de apneia/hipopneia por hora maior do que 15/h, obtendo sensibilidade de 72,97% (55,9% - 86,2%) e especificidade de 67,39% (52,0% - 80,5%). CONCLUSÕES O QSB mostrou-se, em nossa amostra, um bom instrumento de rastreio da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Reference Values , Snoring/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Polysomnography/methods , Sex Distribution , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Middle Aged
15.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4626, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-998263

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate in vitro the effect of a red propolis ethanolic extract (RPE) in the prevention of growth of a cariogenic biofilm and its cytotoxic potential. Material and Methods: Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of RPE against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei were determined. The cytotoxic potential of 0.4% RPE in oral fibroblasts was observed after 1, 3 and 5 min of contact. Cellulose membrane disks (13 mm, N=12) were used for biofilm formation (24 h) of S. mutans and L. casei, which were treated (1 min) with 0.4% RPE or 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX). The control group of biofilm formation was not submitted to any treatment. Serial dilutions were then made to evaluate microbial viability. Descriptive data analysis and, for microbial viability, Mann Whitney test were performed (p≤0.05). Results: RPE showed similar MIC and MBC (4.46 mg/mL) against S. mutans and, for L. casei, they were 8.92 mg/mL (MIC) and 17.85 mg/mL (MBC). CHX presented MIC and MBC <0.00002 mg/mL for S. mutans and 0.00047 mg/mL for L. casei. After 1, 3 and 5 min, the RPE exhibited, respectively, 69.38%, 43.91% and 40.36% of viable cells. The RPE (6.55) and CHX (6.87) presented similar efficacy to reduce the total number of viable bacteria (p>0.05). Regarding the total number of viable bacteria (Log10 CFU/mL), the RPE (6.55) and CHX (6.87) presented similar efficacy (p>0.05). Conclusion: Red propolis extract showed antibacterial activity against the tested strains, exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity and reduced the colonization of S. mutans and L. casei in a biofilm membrane model.


Subject(s)
Propolis/pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Biofilms , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil , Statistics, Nonparametric
16.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 17: e181358, 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-970422

ABSTRACT

Aim: The objective is to evaluate the influence of different burs used to prepare the root canal space and acid ultrasonic agitation on bond strength (BS) between glass fiber posts (GFP) and root dentin. Methods: After endodontic treatment, the root canal spaces of 36 extracted human canines were prepared, according to the rotary instrument used (n=18): carbide bur (CB), provided by the post manufacturer and a diamond bur (DB). In both groups, the fiber posts were cemented with the adhesive system Ambar and resin cement Allcem, following the manufacturer`s instructions. Previously to the cementation procedures, the groups were subdivided into 2 groups (n=9), according to the phosphoric acid application mode: conventional etching (CE) and active etching (AE), performed by ultrasonic tip, both for 15s. Before the cementation procedures and after the acid application, 1 root of each group was randomly selected for ultrastructural morphological evaluation by SEM. After 1 week of the cementation, 8 specimens per group were transversely sectioned into six 1-mm thick slices, the root canal regions (cervical, medium and apical) were identified and the push-out test was performed to evaluate BS. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results: The results showed that the cross-product interaction of all factors was significant (P=0.035). Higher bond strength values were obtained when a DB with conventional etching, instead of CB, was used to prepare the root post space. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the use of diamond burs with conventional etching yields high BS values in all root canal thirds


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Post and Core Technique , Cementation , Resin Cements
17.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 65(3): 260-264, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-896018

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Synovial sarcomas are rare and aggressive neoplasms located in the head and neck region and usually occurs in young adults. Presentation of case: This report presents a case of synovial sarcoma in a 15-year-old male patient who sought medical treatment for painful symptoms and associated dysphagia. The lesion was nodular, extensive, localized in the parotid region, and extended to the left cervical region. The patient was treated in a referral hospital with a treatment protocol that initially included chemotherapy for six months and surgery to attempt to excise the lesion, but the surgery was ineffective because removal could have damaged important vital structures. The Computed Tomography scan showed a hypodense area with diffuse growth and no involvement of the facial bones and the histopathological analysis revealed pleomorphic and oval spindle cells with rounded epithelial cells that formed nests surrounded by fibrous tissue. The Immunohistochemistry analysis was conclusive for the diagnosis of a high-grade SS in the parotid and left cervical regions. The medical team opted for palliative treatment with cervical radiotherapy. The patient remained hospitalized for four months after the surgery and died after 15 months since the diagnosis for compromise of airway by fast tumor growth. Conclusion: The synovial sarcoma, when diagnosed late may reduce the survival of patients because of the complications that tumor growth can bring to the prognosis and quality of life.


RESUMO Sarcomas sinoviais são neoplasias raras e agressivas, localizadas na região da cabeça e pescoço e geralmente ocorrem em adultos jovens. Relato do caso: este relato apresenta um caso de sarcoma sinovial em um paciente de 15 anos que procurou tratamento médico para sintomas dolorosos e associados à disfagia. A lesão era nodular, extensa, localizada na região da parótida e estendida à região cervical esquerda. O paciente foi tratado em um hospital de referência com um protocolo de tratamento que inicialmente incluiu quimioterapia por seis meses e cirurgia para tentar excisar a lesão, mas a cirurgia foi ineficaz porque a total remoção do tumor poderia comprometer estruturas vitais importantes. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou uma área hipodensa com crescimento difuso, sem envolvimento dos ossos faciais, e a análise histopatológica revelou células fusiformes pleomórficas e ovais, com células epiteliais arredondadas formando ninhos rodeados por tecido fibroso. A análise imunohistoquímica foi conclusiva para o diagnóstico de um sarcoma sinovial de alto grau na região cervical parotídea esquerda. A equipe médica optou pelo tratamento paliativo com radioterapia cervical. O paciente permaneceu hospitalizado por quatro meses após a cirurgia e faleceu 15 meses após o diagnóstico, devido à obstrução das vias aéreas pelo rápido crescimento tumoral residual. O sarcoma sinovial, quando diagnosticado tardiamente pode reduzir a sobrevida dos pacientes por causa de complicações que o crescimento do tumor pode trazer para o prognóstico e qualidade de vida.

18.
Rev. abordagem gestál. (Impr.) ; 22(1): 27-36, jun. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-791881

ABSTRACT

A esquizofrenia é considerada, tradicionalmente, um transtorno mental que envolve a presença de sintomas psicóticos: comportamentos incomuns tais como delírios e alucinações. Na percepção da Gestalt-terapia, referencial teórico deste trabalho, a esquizofrenia, tal como qualquer outra psicopatologia, é compreendida enquanto uma tentativa de diálogo que foi abortada. Assim, abrir espaço para que haja continuidade nesse diálogo é o mesmo que promover saúde. Com este intento, é utilizada neste estudo a perspectiva fenomenológica. Partindo desse modo de ação e dos referenciais teóricos da Gestalt-terapia, busca-se apresentar modos pelos quais o encontro pode auxiliar na promoção da saúde existencial. No caso aqui apresentado, o contato com a própria experiência, estimulado na psicoterapia, faz com que o cliente apresente novos conteúdos existenciais.


The schizophrenia is traditionally considered a mental disorder that involves the presence of psychotic symptoms: unusual behaviors as delusions and hallucinations. In Gestalt-therapy comprehension, schizophrenia as others psychopathologies, is considered a dialogue attempt which was aborted. So, enabling dialogue continuity results in existential health promotion. Seeking a demonstration about how the therapeutic meeting can help to promote the existential health, this study uses the phenomenological perspective and the Gestalt-therapy theoretical references. In the case presented in this paper, it is shown that the own experience contact encouraged in psychotherapy enables the client's new existential contents flux.


La esquizofrenia se considera tradicionalmente un trastorno mental que implica la presencia de síntomas psicóticos: comportamientos inusuales como delirios y alucinaciones. En la comprensión de la terapia Gestalt, la esquizofrenia como otras psicopatologías, se considera un intento de diálogo que fue abortada. Así, lo que permite la continuidad del diálogo resulta en promoción de la salud existencial. Buscando una demostración acerca de cómo el encuentro terapéutico puede ayudar a promover la salud existencial, este estudio utiliza la perspectiva fenomenológica y la Gestalt-terapia referencias teóricas. En el caso presentado en este trabajo, se demuestra que la propia experiencia de contacto alentado en psicoterapia permite nuevo flujo de contenidos existenciales del cliente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Gestalt Therapy , Professional-Patient Relations , Psychotherapy , Schizophrenia
19.
Rev. bras. promoç. saúde (Impr.) ; 29(1): 84-92, jan.-mar.2016.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-827404

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a relação entre equipamentos/insumos odontológicos e as unidades de atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal do tipo quantitativo realizado em postos de saúde (n=243) e unidades básicas de saúde (USB) (n=1101), nas 16 regionais de saúde do Estado da Paraíba, no ano de 2012 e primeiro semestre de 2013. Coletaram-se dados secundários sobre equipamentos e insumos odontológicos nas unidades de saúde. Esses dados emergiram das questões de saúde bucal do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). Aplicaram-se os testes t de Student e Qui-quadrado (p=0,05). RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se um número reduzido de equipamentos e insumos odontológicos, como autoclaves em condições de uso em apenas 27,2% (n=66) dos postos de saúde e em 29,0% (n=319) das UBS, e selantes em quantidade suficiente apenas em 31,7% (n=77) dos postos de saúde e em 30,7% (n=338) das UBS. Há diferença entre os tipos de unidades e a disponibilidade de equipamentos e materiais, como refletores (p<0,05), constatando-se associações com as regionais de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Na atenção básica, as unidades de saúde do Estado da Paraíba apresentam alguns equipamentos e insumos em número reduzido, com diferença significativa entre o tipo de unidade e as regionais de saúde do estado


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between dental equipment/supplies and primary health care units. METHODS: Quantitative cross-sectional study carried out in health care centers (n=243) and Primary Health Care Units (PHU) (n=1101), in the 16 Regional Health Divisions of the state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2012 and the first semester of 2013. Secondary data about dental equipment and supplies was collected in the health units. Data emerged from questions on oral health of the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care (PMAQ). The t-Student and chi-square tests (p=0.05) were applied. RESULTS: A reduced number of dental equipment and supplies was found, such as autoclaves in proper conditions for use in only 27.2% (n=66) of the health care centers and 29.0% (n=319) of the PHU; and sealants in sufficient quantity only in 31.7% (n=77) of the health care centers and 30.7% (n=338) of the PHU. There are differences between the kinds of health facilities and the availability of materials and equipment, such as reflectors (p<0.05), and association with the regional health divisions was evidenced. CONCLUSION: In the primary care level, health units of the state of Paraíba feature reduced amount of dental equipment and supplies, with a significant difference between the type of health facility and the regional health divisions


OBJETIVO: Analizar la relación de los equipos/insumos odontológicos y las unidades de atención primaria de salud. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal del tipo cuantitativo realizado en centros de salud (n=243) y unidades básicas de salud (UBS) (n=1101) de las 16 regionales de salud del Estado de Paraíba en el año de 2012 y el primer semestre de 2013. Se recogieron datos secundarios de los equipos e insumos odontológicos de las unidades de salud. Estos datos emergieron de las cuestiones de salud bucal del Programa Nacional para la Mejoría del Acceso y Calidad de Atención Básica (PMAC). Se aplicaron las pruebas t de Student y la prueba Chi-cuadrado (p=0,05). RESULTADOS: Se encontró un número reducido de equipos e insumos odontológicos como autoclaves en buenas condiciones solamente en el 27,2% (n=66) de los centros de salud y en el 29,0% (n=319) de las UBS y sellantes en cantidad suficiente solamente en el 31,7%(n=77) de los centros de salud y en el 30,7% (n=338) de las UBS. Hay diferencia entre los tipos de unidades y la disponibilidad de los equipos y materiales como los reflectores (p<0,05) con asociaciones entre las regionales de salud. CONCLUSIÓN: En la atención básica las unidades de salud del Estado de Paraíba presentan algunos equipos e insumos en cantidad reducida y diferencia significativa entre el tipo de unidad y las regionales de salud del estado


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Structure of Services , Dental Care
20.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 14(4): 262-266, Oct.-Dec. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-778241

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the effect of different in-office bleaching agents on the permeability, roughness and surface microhardness of human enamel. Methods: For evaluation of roughness and microhardness, 40 hemi-faces of 20 premolars were subjected to initial roughness (Ra parameter) and microhardness (VHN) measurements. Thirty-two premolar's crowns were used for permeability test. Then, all specimens were randomly divided into four groups: C - without bleaching (control), HP35 - bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP), HPF38 - 38% HP+fluoride, HPC35 - 35% HP+calcium. Final roughness (FR) and microhardness (FM) measurements were evaluated. For permeability, the 32 crowns were immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorite (20 min) and silver nitrate solutions (2 h) and subjected to developing solution under fluorescent light (16 h). Three sections from the crowns were analyzed in light microscope (100x) to evaluate the scores of permeability: Score 0 - no tracer agent penetration; Score 1 - less than half the thickness of enamel penetration; Score 2 - tracer agent reaching half the enamel thickness; Score 3 - entire enamel depth penetration, without reaching dentin and Score 4 - tracer agent reaching dentin. For roughness and microhardness evaluation were used one-way ANOVA and Dunnet post-test for independent samples, and t test for paired samples. For permeability, the data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests. Results: A significantly higher permeability and surface roughness were observed in groups HP35, HPF38 and HPC35 compared to the C group, as well as decreased microhardness (p<0.05). Conclusions: All bleaching agents increased permeability and surface roughness, and decreased microhardness of human enamel; thus, the addition of fluoride or calcium was not beneficial...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tooth Bleaching Agents/adverse effects , Dental Enamel , Dental Enamel Permeability , Hydrogen Peroxide/adverse effects , Hydrogen Peroxide/therapeutic use , Surface Properties , Tooth Bleaching
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