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1.
Salud bienestar colect ; 5(2): 52-61, sept.-dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367107

ABSTRACT

Pensar la infancia es pensar en una construcción histórica, que en la actualidad desde el adultocentrismo establece consignas que buscan que los niños y las niñas se adapten al sistema; sin embargo las infancias con condiciones crónicas de salud ponen una serie de preguntas sobre la manera en que se pueden adaptar estas consignas. Las principales consignas de la infancia son ser feliz y prepararse para la producción, por lo que la familia, la escuela y la socialización con pares se organizan desde estos imperativos, en el caso de niños y niñas con condiciones crónicas de salud esto se ve trastocado por las restricciones en dieta, en posibilidad de juego e incluso por ausencias constantes evidenciando la invisibilidad tanto en actores sociales como en políticas públicas de estas maneras de ser niño. Como conclusión se señala la importancia de integrar la voz de las infancias con condiciones crónicas de salud al análisis de las instituciones y la reorganización de estas para hacer políticas de inclusión.


INTRODUCTION: to think about childhood is to think about a historical construction, which currently from adultcentrism establishes slogans that seek that children adapt to the system; however, childhood with chronic health conditions raise a series of questions about the way in which these slogans can be adapted. DEVELOPMENT: the main slogans of childhood are to be happy and to prepare for production, so family, school and socialization with peers are organized from these imperatives, in the case of children with chronic health conditions this is disrupted by restrictions in diet, in the possibility of playing and even by constant absences, evidencing the invisibility both in social actors and in public policies of these ways of being a child. CONCLUSION: it is important to integrate the voice of children with chronic health conditions to the analysis of institutions and their reorganization in order to make inclusion policies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Chronic Disease/psychology , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Organizations/statistics & numerical data , Health Status
2.
Rev. Asoc. Med. Bahía Blanca ; 31(2): 54-62, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1398444

ABSTRACT

Este estudio buscó identificar los discursos sobre la inclusión educativa de niños y niñas con condiciones crónicas de salud del personal docente de escuelas primarias de San Juan del Río, Querétaro. México. Mediante el análisis del discurso en entrevistas semiestructuradas se abordaron cinco dimensiones: 1) Relatividad de las barreras para el aprendizaje y la participa- ción; 2) Importancia de la participación familiar; 3) Acciones docentes; 4) Buena voluntad; 5) Límites institucionales de la inclusión. Se concluye que estos estudiantes se enfrentan a barreras dadas por los tratamientos y por efectos derivados de las condiciones crónicas de salud: ausencias constantes a clases, ya sea por malestar o citas médicas, y eventos de emergencia vinculados a la enfermedad en las instalaciones escolares. Sin embargo, no son visibilizados como una pobla- ción que requiera de los procesos de inclusión, observándose desconocimiento y confusión en cuanto a las enfermedades crónicas en niños. Finalmente, concluimos que se requiere urgente una visión comunitaria que capacite a la escuela para enfrentar los retos que supone la diversidad estudiantil.


Subject(s)
Chronic Disease , Address , Education , School Teachers
4.
Educ. med. super ; 34(2): e1903, abr.-jun. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1124689

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incorporación de las normas ISO a la gestión universitaria representa un uso más eficiente de los recursos humanos, financieros y la satisfacción de la sociedad, al recibir servicios que cumplen con sus expectativas. El éxito de todo proceso de acreditación institucional depende del trabajo de control, por lo que la auditoría académica se convierte en una herramienta para la gestión de sus componentes. Objetivo: Reflexionar acerca del papel de la auditoría académica como herramienta para la evaluación de la calidad en los procesos de acreditación institucional. Métodos: Se utilizó el método científico, sustentado en el análisis documental de los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas por diferentes autores acerca de auditoría académica, calidad en los procesos de formación y acreditación institucional. Se combinaron la sistematización y la triangulación de fuentes para definir operacionalmente la auditoría académica en la gestión de la calidad en los procesos de acreditación institucional. Resultados: Se propuso incluir las auditorías académicas como una herramienta eficaz en el control de los procesos, ya que proporciona información a la universidad para mejorar su desempeño. Conclusiones: La acreditación institucional, como proceso, se inicia a partir del desarrollo de la autoevaluación y la evaluación externa; de ahí que la auditoría académica puede contribuir a la evaluación de dichos requisitos desde una perspectiva sistémica(AU)


Introduction: Incorporation of ISO standards into university management represents a more efficient use of human and financial resources and the satisfaction of society, since services are received that meet expectations. The success of any institutional accreditation process depends on control work, so academic auditing becomes a tool for managing such components. Objective: To reflect on the role of academic auditing as a tool for evaluating quality in institutional accreditation processes. Methods: The scientific method was used, supported by document analysis of the results from research carried out by different authors about academic auditing, and quality in the processes of training and institutional accreditation. Systematization and triangulation of sources were combined to operationalize a definition for academic auditing in quality management towards institutional accreditation processes. Results: Academic auditing was proposed to be included as an effective tool in the control of processes, since it provides information for the university to improve performance. Conclusions: Institutional accreditation, as a process, starts from the development of self-assessment and external assessment; therefore, academic auditing can contribute to the evaluation of these requirements from a systemic perspective(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Self-Assessment , Workforce , Financial Resources in Health , Accreditation
5.
Interdisciplinaria ; 37(1): 35-36, jun. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124928

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer y analizar los principales factores de riesgo psicosocial a los que están expuestas las profesoras que trabajan en universidades online. Para ello, se realizaron 20 entrevistas en profundidad fenomenológicas, tomando como referencia el modelo de Seidman, a 10 mujeres que trabajan bajo esta modalidad, para obtener una comprensión global y holística del problema a partir de sus puntos de vista y del contexto en el que se hallan inmersas. Los resultados muestran la existencia de distintos factores psicosociales de riesgo, como sobrecarga mental cuantitativa, subcarga mental cualitativa, aislamiento, conflicto de rol y sobrecarga emocional, aspectos que deberían formar parte de los programas preventivos y de intervención psicosocial adecuados a las características particulares de la mujer, lo cual contribuirá a promover una organización saludable, cuyo propósito no es solo intervenir sobre los aspectos disfuncionales, sino lograr la salud y bienestar de sus trabajadores, potenciando al máximo el desarrollo de la organización y sus empleados.


Abstract The advancement and integration of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the workplace has led to the emergence of new formulae such as teleworking, which have crossed the boundaries of space and time, modifying the working stage, the way of supervision of work and the reconciliation between family and personal life. Within this frame of reference, workers are more exposed to new risks emerging, like the technostress and burnout issues, as well as the trouble reconciling professional and family life, which result in negative effects on people, and can generate a higher level of exhaustion, dissatisfaction, and professional wear. In this context, the aim of this study is to know and analyze the main psychosocial risk factors female online university teachers are exposed. The interview on phenomenological depth, taking as reference the Seidman´s model, was used as a data collection technique. In particular, two scripts, one for each of the interviews to be done, were developed and we proceeded to validate them through consultation of 15 experts from the field of safety and health and university teaching, and through the Lawshe content validity study (1975), recommended by Cardona (2006), as a quantitative validity criterion, and the observations and suggestions made by the experts as a qualitative validity criterion. In practice, 20 phenomenological interviews were conducted with 10 women working under this labor formula, to obtain a comprehensive understanding and holistic approach to the problem from their point of view and the context in which they are immersed. The results show the existence of several psychosocial risk factors related to the position and the social environment. As regards the position-related psychosocial risk factors, the findings show the existence of quantitative mental overload, associated with intense periods of work or peaks of work, which are specific moments, linked to the dynamics of temporary teaching online and teaching in general, where work load increases substantially, doubling the amount of work to be carried out. Another psychosocial risk factor perceived negatively by participants, also refers to the qualitative mental under load, which occurs during certain academic monotonous and repetitive activities when teaching online. On the other hand, in relation to psychosocial factors associated with the social and organizational sphere, the isolation of participants working in their home is highlighted. This isolation is related both to the lack of contact with peers, to the absence of spontaneous talks and emotional support, that is, to the loss of informal interaction in the workplace, and to the need to share doubts, to work together on a common educational Project or to homogenize criteria in the same subjects taught by different teachers. On the other hand, the online female teachers reveal in their speeches different situations of personal-role conflict, in which demands are produced, focused mainly on situations of evaluation of both academic work and exams, which are incompatible with their beliefs and values. Finally, the results of the present study indicate the emotional over load due to conflicts with students, usually relating to their assessment. The above supports the need for further research in this field, aimed at developing and implementing preventive and psychosocial risk intervention programmes in the university context, which have an impact on the organizational and personal scope and which are adequate to the characteristics of women. This will help promote a healthy organization, an organization that develops healthy practices of structuring and managing work processes that would influence the development of healthy employees, whose purpose is not only to intervene on the dysfunctional aspects, but attain the welfare of its workers achieving the highest increase in the development of the organization and its employees.

6.
Salud colect ; 16: e2266, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094447

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se trata de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de corte cualitativo que se llevó a cabo en San Antonio de la Cal, comunidad de Tolimán, estado de Querétaro, México. Se buscó analizar las formas de sufrimiento psíquico y las prácticas de cuidado entre pares varones adolescentes de este contexto rural. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y un taller con varones adolescentes a partir de una muestra no probabilística y voluntaria. El estudio mostró que, para los participantes, las principales fuentes de sufrimiento psíquico son las relaciones con sus padres y sus novias. Tienen dificultades para discriminar y expresar emociones como la tristeza y el enojo. Las prácticas de cuidado entre pares son paradójicas en tanto son, al mismo tiempo, prácticas de riesgo. Todo esto se enmarca en el proceso de transformación de la dinámica de la ruralidad.


ABSTRACT An exploratory-descriptive study employing qualitative methods was carried out in San Antonio de la Cal, Tolimán, Querétaro, Mexico. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the forms of psychic suffering and care practices among adolescent male peers in a rural context. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted, as well as a workshop with adolescent males selected from a non-probabilistic and voluntary sample. The study showed that the main sources of psychic suffering for participants included their relationships with parents and girlfriends. They presented difficulties in identifying and expressing emotions such as sadness and anger. Care practices among peers were paradoxical, as they simultaneously constituted risk practices. We interpret this in the context of transformations taking place in the dynamics of rurality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Parent-Child Relations , Peer Group , Rural Population , Psychological Distress , Interpersonal Relations , Social Support , Violence , Alcohol Drinking , Crying , Delivery of Health Care , Qualitative Research , Father-Child Relations , Masculinity , Mexico , Mother-Child Relations
7.
San Salvador; s.n; 2020. 34 p. graf.
Thesis in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1151202

ABSTRACT

La criptococosis meníngea es el tipo más común de meningitis en adultos infectados con el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH). El Cryptococcus neoformans es un hongo ubicuo que fue identificado como un patógeno humano en 1894, pero no fue reconocido como causa de morbilidad y mortalidad significativas en huéspedes con inmunidad celular comprometida hasta la década de 1970. Sin embargo, con el advenimiento de pacientes infectados con VIH en la década de 1980, las infecciones por criptococos se convirtieron en una causa más importante de enfermedad. De un total de 223,100 casos de criptococosis meníngea que se estima que ocurrieron a nivel mundial en personas que viven con el VIH en 2014, el tercer mayor número de casos en el mundo fueron de América Latina, con una incidencia estimada de 5.300 casos por año. De ellos, Brasil y Colombia fueron los países con mayor incidencia, entre 1,001 y 2,500 casos, seguidos por Argentina y México con una incidencia de 501 a 1,000 casos, de estos datos y otras estadísticas que documentan resultados similares es que se data la importancia de esta revisión pues se pretende demostrar la eficacia diagnostica de la tinta china y antígeno criptocócico en pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH/SIDA y co-infección de meningitis por criptococo y así demostrar la necesidad de las intervenciones de cada uno de los niveles de atención sanitaria en su manejo adecuado y oportuno. Esta revisión menciona las directrices actualizadas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) donde subrayan la importancia del cribado en el punto de atención para permitir el inicio de la terapia con fluconazol para pacientes con recuentos de CD4 de menos de 100 células / ml y pruebas de antígeno criptocócico positivo en suero razón por la cual se estudia pues en áreas de recursos limitados donde la detección no está disponible o no son factibles, como la nuestra, la iniciación de fluconazol como tratamiento empírico y la profilaxis al momento del diagnóstico de VIH deben ser considerados en pacientes con recuentos bajos de CD44. Dicha revisión pretende buscar a través de revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos, metaanálisis, ensayos controlados aleatorizados y formato de texto completo, la pauta de manejo más acertada en nuestro medio pesar de las limitantes que se puedan tener


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Internal Medicine , Meningitis
8.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 64(4): e20200014, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137758

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A new coccinellid species, Diomus leondai sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Diomini) is described from northeast Brazil, São Luis, municipality of Raposa, Cumbique. The specimens collected were found feeding on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and Phenacoccus sp. on the branches, leaves, and fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench, Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex. Hiern and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), and Capsicum spp. and Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae). Some concepts behind the definition and scope of the genus Diomus and tribe Diomini are analyzed, recognizing the need to better characterize its morphological aspects and establish its composition more precisely.

9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180505, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041570

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The microscopic examination of microhematocrit tubes (mHCT) has been proposed as the gold standard for acute and congenital Chagas disease diagnosis. We compared different mHCT methodologies detecting T. cruzi parasites in the blood. METHODS: The rotating method, water mount, and immersion oil methods were compared for their suitability, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: The rotating method was easier, faster, and more sensitive than the others with 100% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The rotating method is feasible for laboratory technicians with standard training in microscopic techniques and is recommended for the diagnosis of acute Chagas disease in primary health care facilities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Centrifugation/methods , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Parasitemia/diagnosis , Capillary Tubing , Hematocrit/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Chagas Disease/blood , Parasitemia/parasitology , Clinical Laboratory Services
10.
Rev. Bras. Med. Fam. Comunidade (Online) ; 13(Suplemento 1 - VII CUMBRE Iberoamericana de Medicina Familiar): 4-6, set. 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | ColecionaSUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-916372
11.
Rev. Bras. Med. Fam. Comunidade (Online) ; 13(Suplemento 1 - VII CUMBRE Iberoamericana de Medicina Familiar): 7-8, set. 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | ColecionaSUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-968830

ABSTRACT

Las Ministras y Ministros participantes en la VII Cumbre Iberoamericana de Medicina Familiar, realizada en Cali, Colombia, con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre el papel de la Medicina Familiar en los Sistemas de Salud basados en Atención Primaria, y específicamente en la atención de situaciones complejas de las personas, las familias y las comunidades como centro de estos Sistemas:


The Ministers participating in the VII Ibero-American Summit of Family Medicine, held in Cali, Colombia, with the aim of reflecting on the role of Family Medicine in Health Systems based on Primary Care, and specifically on the care of complex situations of people, families and communities as the centre of these Systems:


Subject(s)
Family Practice , Primary Health Care , Statements , International Cooperation
12.
Univ. sci ; 23(2): 191-218, May-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-979545

ABSTRACT

Abstract Maximum disc mass models for a set of spiral galaxies from the Ursa Major Cluster are presented. We construct the models using the Hunther method and the particular solutions are chosen in such a way that the circular velocities are adjusted very accurately to the observed rotation curves of some specific spiral galaxies. Under the maximum disc hypothesis, we consider that the rotation curves of the analyzed galaxies can be modeled with only the contribution of the disc. This implies that it is not necessary to consider the contribution ot the dark matter halo in the inner part of the spiral. In this way, the models reproduce the global behavior of the rotation curves in the great majority of galaxies. Producing good adjustments to calculate the total mass of these galaxies, and yielding values of the order of 1O10 M ☉. Based on the vertical stability criterion presented by Viera & Ramos-caro (2016), we find that all the galaxies analyzed present a vertically stable behavior. On the other hand, from the analysis of the epicyclic frequency we find that all the models exhibit mainly a radial stable behaviour except at the edge of the disc.


Resumen Presentamos modelos de masa de disco máximo para un conjunto de galaxias espirales del Cluster Ursa Major. Los modelos se obtienen por medio del método de Hunter y las soluciones particulares se eligen de tal manera que las velocidades circulares se ajustan muy exactamente a las curvas de rotación observadas de algunas galaxias espirales específicas. Bajo la hipótesis del disco máximo, suponemos que la masa del disco es lo más grande posible, en consonancia con la curva de rotación de la galaxia. Por lo tanto, la contribución de la masa del halo de la materia oscura se considera insignificante en las partes internas de las espirales. Los modelos reproducen la estructura general de las curvas de rotación en la mayoría de las galaxias, proporcionando buenos ajustes para calcular la masa total de estas galaxias obteniendo valores del orden de 1010 M ☉. Basados en el criterio de estabilidad vertical presentado por Vieira and Ramos-Caro (2016), encontramos que todas las galaxias analizadas presentan un comportamiento verticalmente estable. Por otro lado, a partir del análisis de la frecuencia epicíclica se observa que todos los modelos presentaron mayormente un comportamiento estable radial excepto en el borde del disco.


Resumo Apresentamos modelos de massa de disco máximo para um conjunto de galáxias espirais do Cluster Ursa Major. Os modelos são obtidos por meio do método Hunter e as soluções particulares são escolhidas de tal forma que as velocidades circulares são ajustadas com muita precisão às curvas de rotação observadas de algumas galáxias espirais específicas. Sob a hipótese de disco máximo, supomos que a massa do disco é tão grande quanto possível, consistente com a curva de rotação da galáxia. A contribuição de massa do halo da matéria escura é, portanto, assumida como insignificante nas partes internas das espirais. Os modelos reproduzem a estrutura geral das curvas de rotação na maioria das galáxias, proporcionando bons ajustes para calcular a massa total dessas galáxias obtendo valores da ordem de 1010 M ☉. Com base no critério de estabilidade vertical apresentado por Vieira and Ramos-Caro (2016), descobrimos que todas as galáxias analisadas apresentam um comportamento verticalmente estável. Por outro lado, a partir da análise da frequência epicíclica, descobrimos que todos os modelos apresentaram principalmente um comportamento estável radial, exceto na borda do disco.


Subject(s)
Galaxies , Physics
13.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 61(4): 330-338, Oct.-Dec. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045477

ABSTRACT

Abstract The Psyllobora picta species complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini) was revised, with the description of two new species, Psyllobora lueri sp. nov. and Psyllobora pauline sp. nov., both from Chile. Psyllobora bicongregata was recorded for the first time from Brazil, and there is no confirmed record of this species for Chile. Also, P. picta was not recognized from Paraguay and Uruguay. Male and female genitalia characters are illustrated for all the species.

14.
Salud pública Méx ; 59(5): 532-539, Sep.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903800

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Objective: To determine the number of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies in Mexico's indigenous population. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty indigenous individuals were evaluated, including thirty from the ethnicities Cora, Huichol, Tarahumara and Tepehuano. The number of micronuclei (MN) and any nuclear abnormality (NA) in oral mucosa cells, including cells with nuclear buds, binucleated cells, cells with karyolysis, karyorrhetic, condensed chromatin and pyknotic cells were determined for each participant. Results: Tepehuano and Tarahumaras showed the greatest damage to DNA. The Tepehuano group presented the highest number of MN and NA, this being a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with the rest of the studied groups. This group also presented the highest herbicide exposure (46.7%). In relation to the smoking and drinking habits, these were more frequent in the Tarahumara group (33.3 and 50% respectively). Conclusion: The ethnic diversity, habits and customs may influence the DNA nuclear integrity in the Amerindian groups.


Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar el número de micronúcleos y anomalías nucleares en la población indígena de México. Material y métodos: Se evaluó a ciento veinte indígenas, incluyendo treinta individuos de las etnias cora, huichol, tarahumara y tepehuana. A cada participante se le determinó el número de micronúcleos (MN) y de alguna anomalía nuclear (AN) en células de mucosa bucal, incluyendo células con brotes nucleares, binucleadas, cariolisis, cariorrexis, cromatina condensada y picnóticas. Resultados: Los tepehuanos y tarahumaras mostraron el mayor daño al ADN. El grupo tepehuano presentó el mayor número de MN y AN, con una diferencia significativa (p < 0.05) en comparación con el resto de los grupos estudiados; este grupo presentó también la mayor exposición a herbicidas (46.7%). En relación con los hábitos de fumar y beber, se presentaron con mayor frecuencia en el grupo tarahumara (33.3 y 50%, respectivamente). Conclusión. La diversidad étnica, hábitos y costumbres pueden influir la integridad del ADN en los grupos amerindios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Indians, North American/genetics , Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , DNA/genetics , Ethnicity/genetics , Smoking/epidemiology , Diet , Feeding Behavior , Herbicides , Mexico , Mouth Mucosa/ultrastructure
15.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(5): 698-700, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887040

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Ecthyma gangrenosum is a rare skin infection classically associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We performed a retrospective study of all cases diagnosed with ecthyma gangrenosum from 2004-2010 in a university hospital in Mexico (8 cases, 5 female patients and 3 male patients, ages between 4 months and 2 years). The most common risk factor for ecthyma gangrenosum is neutropenia in immunocompromised patients. In previously healthy patients, immunological evaluation is important to rule out underlying immunodeficiency. Ecthyma gangrenosum in healthy patients has a high mortality rate and early diagnosis and aggressive antibiotic treatment is imperative as it can improve patients' prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Pseudomonas Infections/complications , Ecthyma/microbiology , Gangrene/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Ecthyma/drug therapy , Gangrene/drug therapy
16.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes ; 51(1): 21-21, Abril 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-904915

ABSTRACT

La evolución de los determinantes de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles pronostica un aumento en su incidencia y prevalencia. Esto condicionaría mayor morbilidad y mortalidad generando una creciente necesidad del uso de recursos del sistema de salud. El Score de Framingham y las tablas de predicción de riesgo de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) permiten calcular el riesgo de sufrir un evento cardiovascular a 10 años


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Chronic Disease
17.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 26(6): 694-700, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829907

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In this study, a comprehensive phytochemical characterization of two morphologically related species from the genus Espeletia Mutis ex Bonpl., namely, Espeletia grandiflora Humb. & Bonpl. and Espeletia killipii Cuatrec., Asteraceae, has been performed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Analysis of ethanol extracts (70%, v/v) from leaves and concomitant compound dereplication allowed the identification of major peaks, most of them new reports for the genus Espeletia or the subtribe Espeletiinae. Chemical characterization of resins essential oils indicated several similarities and differences between both species and from other members of the subtribe. Chemometric analysis (hierarchical clustering analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis) applied to the essential oil composition of 31 species from Espeletiinae furthermore allowed the identification of three primary clusters correlated with the taxonomy. Hence, this study underscored qualitative and semiquantitative differences between the chemical composition of leaves and resins of E. grandiflora and E. killipii, provided information on chemotaxonomy and described the presence of different trends in the essential oil composition from species of Espeletiinae.

18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(5): 577-583, ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-751702

ABSTRACT

Background: DRESS Syndrome (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is an uncommon disease caused by drugs. It is characterized by a polymorphic disseminated eruption with fever and multiple organ dysfunction. Aim: To report the etiology, characteristics, treatment, prognosis, and follow up of patients with DRESS Syndrome admitted to a clinical hospital. Material and Methods: Review of medical records of patients admitted for drug reactions, selecting those patients complying with clinical criteria for DRESS Syndrome. Drugs used during three months prior to the onset of symptoms were evaluated as possible causes of the disease. Results: Nine patients aged 16 to 68 years (six males) complied with the clinical criteria for the disease. The causative medications were carbamazepine in three patients, phenytoin in three, antituberculous drugs in two and amoxicillin in one. All were treated with systemic steroids with a complete clinical resolution. Conclusions: DRESS syndrome is usually underdiagnosed and has a good response to systemic steroids.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/drug therapy , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Carbamazepine/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/etiology , Eosinophilia/complications , Exanthema/complications , Phenytoin/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies
19.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 58(4): 316-318, Oct.-Dec. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732845

ABSTRACT

A new species of Scymnobius Casey (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Scymnini) from Pernambuco, Brazil. Scymnobius pernambucensis sp. nov. from Pernambuco, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This is the third species of this genus recorded from Brazil.

20.
Salud pública Méx ; 56(5): 511-518, sep.-oct. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-733324

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar la percepción de mujeres y proveedores de salud sobre cuándo y cómo realizar acciones para la detección temprana del cáncer de mama y cervicouterino en localidades de Morelos con presencia de población indígena. Material y métodos. Se entrevistó a 10 proveedores de salud y 58 usuarias en unidades médicas del primer nivel de atención de cinco localidades; luego se analizó la información con base en el paradigma de la teoría fundamentada. Resultados. El personal de salud está deficientemente familiarizado con los lineamientos oficiales para la detección de cáncer cervicouterino y de mama. Pocos practican sus labores bajo una perspectiva de sensibilización intercultural. Las usuarias tienen nociones imprecisas o equivocadas de las acciones de detección. Conclusiones. La necesidad de capacitación con apego a las normas es evidente. Urge asumir un abordaje con pertinencia cultural que permita la comunicación eficiente y alfabetización en salud para la detección oportuna de estos dos cánceres.


Objective. To analyze the perception in relation to when and how to perform actions for the early detection of breast and cervical cancer among women and health care providers in communities with a high percentage of indigenous population in Morelos, Mexico. Materials and methods. Ten health providers and 58 women users of health services were interviewed which have a first level of attention in five communities. The analysis was developed under the approach of the Grounded Theory. Results. Providers are poorly informed about current regulations and specific clinical indications for the detection of cervical and breast cancer. Few propitiate health literacy under intercultural sensitization. The users have imprecise or wrong notions of the early detection. Conclusions. The need for training in adherence to norms is evident. It is urgent to assume a culturally relevant approach to enable efficient communication and promote health literacy for early detection of these two cancers.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Lung/drug effects , Lung/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Tungsten Compounds/pharmacology , Xanthine Oxidase/antagonists & inhibitors , Administration, Oral , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry , Liver/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/enzymology , Tungsten Compounds/administration & dosage , Xanthine Oxidase/blood , Xanthine Oxidase/physiology
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