Risk factors for hemorrhagic cystitis in children with β-thalassemia major after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the risk factors for hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in children with β-thalassemia major (TM) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 247 children with TM who underwent allo-HSCT at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from January 2021 to November 2022. The children were divided into an HC group (91 cases) and a non-HC group (156 cases) based on whether HC occurred after operation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for HC, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of related factors for HC.@*RESULTS@#Among the 247 TM patients who underwent allo-HSCT, the incidence of HC was 36.8% (91/247). Univariate analysis showed age, incompatible blood types between donors and recipients, occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), positive urine BK virus deoxyribonucleic acid (BKV-DNA), and ≥2 viral infections were associated with the development of HC after allo-HSCT (P<0.05). Multivariable analysis revealed that incompatible blood types between donors and recipients (OR=3.171, 95%CI: 1.538-6.539), occurrence of aGVHD (OR=2.581, 95%CI: 1.125-5.918), and positive urine BKV-DNA (OR=21.878, 95%CI: 9.633-49.687) were independent risk factors for HC in children with TM who underwent allo-HSCT. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that positive urine BKV-DNA alone or in combination with two other risk factors (occurrence of aGVHD, incompatible blood types between donors and recipients) had a certain accuracy in predicting the development of HC after allo-HSCT (area under the curve >0.8, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Incompatible blood types between donors and recipients, occurrence of aGVHD, and positive urine BKV-DNA are risk factors for HC after allo-HSCT in children with TM. Regular monitoring of urine BKV-DNA has a positive significance for early diagnosis and treatment of HC.

Serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 level is positively correlated with the recurrence risk of acute ischemic cerebral infarction in hypertensive patients / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) level and the risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) recurrence in hypertensive patients.@*METHODS@#This retrospective case-control study was conducted among 211 hypertensive patients with AIS treated in Foshan First People's Hospital, including 35 patients with recurrence of AIS during the 1-year follow-up as confirmed by head CT/MR. In the overall patients, 60 had grade 1 hypertension (including 5 recurrent cases), 76 had grade 2 hypertension (with 11 recurrent cases), and 75 had grade 3 hypertension (with 19 recurrent cases). Univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, trend analysis, and smooth curve fitting analysis were performed to explore the correlation between serum Lp-PLA2 level within 24 h after admission and the risk of AIS recurrence. The predictive efficacy of serum Lp-PLA2 level for AIS recurrence in different hypertension grades was evaluated using ROC curve analysis.@*RESULTS@#Serum Lp-PLA2 level, age, NIHSS score at admission, mRS scores at 7 days, homocysteine level and smoking status differed significantly between patients with and without AIS recurrence (P < 0.05). After adjustment for confounding factors, multivariate regression analysis showed that the highest tertile of Lp-PLA2 level was associated with a 4.13-fold increase of AIS recurrence risk compared with the lowest tertile (OR=5.13, 95% CI: 1.35-19.40), and each 1 ng/mL increase of Lp-PLA2 level was associated with a 1% increase of AIS recurrence risk (OR= 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02). Serum Lp-PLA2 level was shown to positively correlate with AIS recurrence risk, and in patients with grade 3 hypertension, its areas under the ROC curve for predicting AIS recurrence was 0.869 with a specificity of 0.893 and a sensitivity of 0.737.@*CONCLUSION@#Serum Lp-PLA2 concentration is an independent risk factor and potentially an effective predictor for AIS recurrence in patients with grade 3 hypertension.

Segmental Zoster Paresis:Report of One Case and Literature Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Segmental zoster paresis(SZP)is a rare complication in herpes zoster infection,with its symptoms often neglected due to the co-existence of pain.Here we reported a case of SZP.Also,we analyzed 42 Chinese SZP cases in literature,which revealed that the male to female ratio of SZP patients was 13∶8,and the median age of disease onset was 65 years.The most commonly affected region is upper limb.The diagnosis depends mainly on typical medical history and clinical symptoms.Although there is no definite therapy for SZP,the antiviral therapy is the most commonly used treatment,which achieved complete recovery in 78.6% of the patients and partial recovery in 14.3% of the patients.

Research Progress in Reproductive Toxicity and Detoxification by Combined Use of Tripterygium wilfordill Hook / 中国中医药信息杂志

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook has the properties of rheumatism dispelling,promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals, detumescence, pain relieving, anti-parasitism and detoxification. Its common medication forms include Tripterygium wilfordii Hook tablets, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook polygonal tablets, Kunming Shanhaitang tablets,Kunxian Capsules,Tripterygium wilfordii Hook bicolor and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook total terpene tablets. Reproductive toxicity in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook preparations is a side-effect that may deeply impact reproductive-age patients. The combination of single herb or compound can significantly reduce the reproductive toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook preparations.This article reviewed the recent research in this field and provide references for clinical medication.

Therapeutic effect of edaravone combined butylphthalide on acute ischemic stroke and its safety / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of edaravone combined butylphthalide on acute ischemic stroke (AIS)and its safety.Methods:A total of 100 AIS patients treated in our hospital were selected.They were random-ly and equally divided into butylphthalide group and combined treatment group(received edaravone combined bu-tylphthalide).Both groups received routine treatment for five weeks all.Serum inflammatory cytokine levels,miR-222 expression and change of neurologic impairment before and after treatment,and therapeutic effect and inci-dence of complications after treatment were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with before treat-ment,after treatment,there were significant reductions in levels of high sensitive C reactive protein(hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and interleukin 8(IL-8)and neurologic impairment score(NIS),and significant rise in miR-222 expression in two groups,P=0.001 all;compared with butylphthalide group after treatment,there were significant reductions in levels of hsCRP[(13.12 ± 2.56)mg/L vs.(10.02 ± 3.02)mg/L],TNF-α[(16.12 ± 4.18)μmol/L vs.(13.78 ± 3.24)μmol/L]and IL-8[(19.45 ± 5.98)μmol/L vs.(15.12 ± 3.29)μmol/L]and NIS [(19.12 ± 4.02)scores vs.(13.45 ± 3.17)scores],and significant rise in miR-222 expression[(1.21 ± 0.34)10-3 vs.(1.89 ± 0.41)10-3]in combined treatment group,P< 0.01 all.Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group(96.00% vs.70.00%,P=0.001).No obvious adverse reactions were identified in either group.Conclusion:Edaravone combined butylphthalide possesses signifi-cant therapeutic effect on patients with acute ischemic stroke.It can effectively reduce levels of inflammatory fac-tors and improve neurologic function with satisfying safety.

The specificity and limitations of sacroiliac joint magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis in patients with chronic low back pain / 中华内科杂志

Objective To evaluate the specificity and limitations of sacroiliac joint magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA)in patients with chronic low back pain.Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 390 patients with chronic low back pain in Department of Rheumatology,the PLA General Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015,including clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations and MRI data of sacroiliac joints.Results There were 238 men and 152 women recruited.A total of 326 cases were diagnosed as axial SpA,including 216 men and 110 women with mean age (27.10 ± 8.64) years and mean duration (7.64 ± 3.50) months.Among these 326 patients,243 (74.5％) were HLA-B27 positive.The other 64 patients were considered as diagnoses rather than SpA (non-SpA),consisting of 22 men and 42 women with mean age (31.29 ± 7.76) years and mean duration (5.75 ±2.90)months.Non-SpA group had 10 (15.6％) patients with HLA-B27 positive.There were 68.1％ and 65.0％ SpA patients showing bone marrow edema and bone erosion of sacroiliac joint in MRI imaging respectively.Although there were 25.0％ non-SpA patients with bone marrow edema and 7.8 ％ with bone erosion in MRI of sacroiliac joint,the scores of bone marrow edema 0.00 (0.00,0.75) and bone erosion [0.00(0.00,0.00)] were significantly lower compared with those in axial SpA group [bone marrow edema scores 2.00 (0.00,4.00),bone erosion scores 1.00 (0.00,3.00);P ＜ 0.05].The scores of fat infiltration [1.00 (0.00,4.25),1.00 (0.00,4.00)] and bone sclerosis [0.00 (0.00,1.00),0.00(0.00,1.75)] were not statistically different between two groups.Diagnostic sensitivity of bone marrow edema and bone erosion for axial SpA were 56.4％ and 64.1％ respectively,specificity were 93.8％ and 92.2％ respectively.The positive predictive value of bone marrow edema and bone erosion for axial SpA were 9.09 and 8.21,negative predictive value were 0.46 and 0.38.Diagnositic sensitivity of fatty infiltration and bone sclerosis for axial SpA group were 29.1％ and 57.7％,specificity were 64.1％ and 46.9％.The positive predictive value of fatty infiltration and bone sclerosis for axial SpA were 0.81 and 1.08,negative predictive valne were 1.10 and 0.90.Conclusion Sacroiliac joint MRI is a valuable method to diagnose axial SpA in patients with chronic low back pain.Yet it still has some limitations.Clinical presentations and spinal MRI would be helpful in some patients.

Questionnaires analysis of the rheumatologists' ability of reading sacroiliac joint's magnetic resonance imaging of spondyloarthritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To analyze the ability of rheumatologistto read the magnetic resonance imag of sacroiliac joint of spondyloarthritis patients.Methods The questionnaire survey were conducted among rheumatologists and the answers of the questionnaires were analyzed by quantitative analysis.Results 66.9％ (75/112) rheumatologist did not known how to choose the sequence of magnetic resonance imaging,and 55.4％(62/112) rheumatologist thought that bone marrow edema was very important for the diagnosis of spondyloarthritis,but only less than 10％ rheumatologists thought that erosion and fat infiltration could also h elp to make the diagnosis of spondy-loarthritis.Conclusion It is very important for rheumatologists to receive training on the reading of magnetic resonance images of sacroiliac joint of spondyloarthritis patients.

Professor LUO Cai-gui's experience of using acupoint "Baliao" for treatment of low back pain / 中国针灸

Professor LUO Cai-gui's experience of acupuncture at acupoint "Baliao" with twisting manipulation for treatment of low back pain is introduced. This method has significant efficacy on improving low back pain and numbness of lower extremities, which is characterized with short-time manipulation, quick de-qi and long effective time. The acupuncture methods, manipulations, precautions, etc. are elaborated in details. A typical case is added.

The clinical analysis for the whole-spine magnetic resonance imaging of axial spondyloarthritis / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate spinemagnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) and to analyze the correlation between imaging and clinical manifestation.Methods The clinical data of patients with axial SpA were recorded.All patients underwent whole spine MRI scanning.The MRI findings of spinal involvement were explored.Moreover,the correlation between lesions in spinal MRI and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI),Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI),Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI),nocturnal pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score,back pain VAS score,global disease activity VAS score,Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity score (ASDAS),erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein was analyzed.Results Thirty-three patients with axial SpA were included in this study.The image abnormalities of the spine were confirmed in 29 axial SpA patients by MRI,including Romanus lesion,Andersson lesion,the inflammation of facet joints and syndesmophyte.In correlation study,BASMI was positively correlated to the numbers of acute Romanus lesions,chronic Romanus lesions,chronic Andersson lesions and whole spinal lesions(r =0.440,P＜0.05; r =0.483,P＜0.05; r=0.421,P＜0.05; r=0.589,P ＜ 0.05 respectively).There was a statistically significant correlation between chronic Andersson lesions and BASFI(r =0.392,P ＜0.05).But no significant associations were found between MRI lesions and other clinical findings.Conclusions MRI lesions in axial SpA were associated with findings reflecting the spinal function,which can better guide the clinical treatment.

A solitary neurofibroma arising from the temporal fossa / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Neurofibromas are benign nerve sheath tumors that arise from the nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Generally, neurofibromas can be categorized into dermal and plexiform subtypes. The former subtype is usually associated with a lone peripheral nerve in the integumentary system, while plexiform tumors are associated with many nerve bundles and can originate internally. Rarely, the plexiform tumors can undergo malignant transformation. Neurofibromas are usually found in individuals with neurofibromatosis, which is an autosomal dominant disease. On occasion, an isolated neurofibroma can transpire without being associated with neurofibromatosis. Mostly, these solitary tumors tend to occur in the gastrointestinal system, and neurofibromas of the head and neck are not uncommon, but very rarely they have been reported to occur in the temporal fossa. In this report, we describe a case of a solitary neurofibroma arising from the temporal fossa.

Effect of Yisui Shengxue Granule () on the oxidative damage of erythrocytes from patients with hemoglobin H disease / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Yisui Shengxue Granule (, YSSXG), a complex Chinese medicine, on the oxidative damage of erythrocytes from patients with hemoglobin H (HbH) disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two patients with HbH disease and 22 healthy volunteers were observed. YSSXG was given to patients with HbH disease for 3 months. Before and after the 3-month treatment, blood parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and reticulocyte percent (Ret)] were examined; inclusion bodies in erythrocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); activities of antioxidant defense enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (Cat)] and erythrocyte membrane malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In patients with HbH disease, measured values of RBC and Hb obtained from the first to the third months after treatment with YSSXG were significantly higher than before treatment (P<0.01). Measured values of Ret from the second to the third months after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Prior to treatment with YSSXG, TEM images of RBCs showed the presence of numerous inclusion bodies. After treatment with YSSXG, the amount and volume of inclusion bodies decreased. Treatment with YSSXG also led to a significant increase in SOD activity (P<0.01), a decrease in Cat activity (P<0.01), and no significant differences in GSHPx activity (P>0.05) or MDA concentration (P>0.05). However, compared with the healthy counterparts, SOD, GSH-Px, and Cat activities presented at high levels (P<0.01) both before and after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>YSSXG could improve the degree of hemolysis and anemia in patients with HbH disease. The mechanism may be related to its antioxidative effects, which could elevate the activity of total SOD in erythrocytes and efficiently inhibit the oxidative precipitation of β-globin chains.</p>

Microarray data analysis of genes related with erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of gene expression profiles associated with erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Affymetrix Gene Chip arrays from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to examine the alterations in the gene expression profiles between streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and littermate controls, and the data were analyzed with GeneSifter microarray analysis software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 661 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 280 up-regulated and 381 down-regulated ones. Among the differentially expressed genes, kruppel-like factor 5 (klf5) was upregulated by 4.01 folds and ceruloplasmin(cp) by 5.14 folds; collagen, type XI, alpha1 was down-regulated by 5.84 folds and collagen, type I, alpha1 by 5.77 folds. The 661 differentially expressed genes involved such functional processes as glycoprotein biosynthesis, collagen fibril organization, angiogenesis in wound healing, triglyceride metabolism, cell proliferation and other important biological processes, and some pathways also involved such as fatty acid metabolism, neurodegenerative disorders, and ECM-receptor interactions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Some genes such as klf5, cp, and collagen play important roles in the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction. Bioinformatic approaches offer a new means for identifying candidate genes and pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction, highlighting also the potential complexity of this disorder.</p>

Calcitonin gene-related peptide induces phenotypic transformation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells in diabetic rats with erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of the calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) on the phenotypic transformation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSM) in diabetic rats with erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Models of diabetes and diabetic ED were established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by administration of streptozotocin, and CCSMs were primarily cultured and subjected to immunocytochemical assay. The cells were divided into a diabetic ED and a normal control group, and exposed to 0, 10, 60 and 100 nmol/L of CGRP for 24 hours. Then the relative expressions of calponin 1 (Cnn1) and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of SMalpha-actin positive cells in the CCSMs was (95.94 +/- 0.03) %. The expression of Cnn1 mRNA was significantly lower while that of OPN mRNA remarkably higher in the diabetic ED rats (4.41 +/- 0.29 and 5.28 +/- 0.32) than in the normal controls (10.35 +/- 0.62 and 1.32 +/- 0.24) (P < 0.01). Exposure to 100 nmol/L of CGRP significantly upregulated the expression of Cnn1 mRNA and downregulated that of OPN mRNA as compared with the unexposed rats (6.9 +/- 0.22 vs 4.41 +/- 0.29 and 3.26 +/- 0.31 vs 5.28 +/- 0.32, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CGRP can transform the phenotype of CCSMs in diabetic ED rats from contractile to synthetic type.</p>

Role of miR-145 in erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of miR-145 in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle tissue in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED) in diabetic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The total RNA was extracted from the corpus cavernosum of a diabetic rat model with ED, diabetic rats with normal erectile function and normal rats, and the expression levels of miR145 were compared between the groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of miR-145 was decreased in the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats with ED.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Diabetes mellitus can cause ED in rats, in which process decreased expression of miR145 in the corpus cavernosum may play a role.</p>

Expression of transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 and relationship to the numbers of eosinophils in rat model of allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of T-bet/GATA-3 in nasal mucosa tissue of allergic rhinitis rat and to investigate the association between the expression of T-bet/GATA-3 and the eosinophil count.@*METHOD@#Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and an allergic rhinitis group. The allergic rhinitis rat model was induced with ovalbumin. The total eosinophils were counted in the nasal mucosa. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma in nasal lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expressions of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma, T-bet and GATA-3 in the nasal mucosa were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.@*RESULT@#The main inflammatory cells were eosinophils in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis rats. The level of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma in control group was significantly higher than that in allergic rhinitis group (P < 0.01). The mRNA and protein expression of IFN-gamma and T-bet in allergic rhinitis group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). While the mRNA and protein expression of IL-4, IL-5 and GATA-3 in control group was significantly higher than that in allergic rhinitis group (P < 0.01). The ratio of protein expression of T-bet and GATA-3 was negatively correlated with the eosinophil count, IL-4 and IL-5, but positively with the concentrations of IFN-gamma.@*CONCLUSION@#The imbalance of transcription factor GATA-3 and T-bet has a close correlation with the eosinophil count, and may play a key role in the formation of allergic rhinitis.

A modified tissue culture method for culturing corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells from the penis of Sprague-Dawley rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To culture rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells in vitro using a modified tissue culture method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen male rats were randomized into 3 equal groups, namely enzyme digestion group, tissue culture group, and modified tissue culture group. The penis of the rats was separated carefully and cut into small pieces, and seeded onto culture flasks and cultured in complete medium consisting of DMEM containing 20% fetal calf serum at 37 degrees C; in a humidified atmosphere with 5% carbon dioxide. The cells growth was observed under phase contrast microscope and the smooth muscle cell specific proteins alpha-SM-actin and desmin were identified immunohistochemically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The alpha-SM-actin-positive cell rate was 96.3% in rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle and 23.8% in the fibroblasts, and the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle contained 74.4% desmin-positive cells while the fibroblasts showed no desmin positivity. Significant difference was found in the positive cell rate for desmin among the 3 groups, with the highest positive cell rate occurred in modified tissue culture group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Desmin may serve as a marker for identifying corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. The modified tissue culture method can result in highly purified corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells with intact structure and functions.</p>

Establishment of a cell culture model of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells derived from diabetic rats with erectile dysfunction / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the method for culturing corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMs) derived from diabetic rats with erectile dysfunction (ED) for the study of ED caused by diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CCSMs were isolated from the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats with ED and cultured using a modified method of adherent tissue culture. The cultured cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and the cell morphology and proliferation were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The primary culture of CCSM was performed successfully, and the cells were seen to migrate from the small tissue pieces 3 days later, reaching nearly confluence in 16-18 days. A typical "hill-valley" growth pattern was noted in the cell passaging. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SM-actin) and desmin yielded positive results in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The modified method for adherent tissue culture is convenient and reliable in establishing the in vitro cell culture model of CCSMs from diabetic rats with ED, and the cultured CCSMs display a faster proliferation than normal CCSMs. No obvious differences in the cell morphology can be found between diabetic and normal CCSMs under light microscope.</p>

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy for treatment of renal and ureteral calculi / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis for treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In February 2010, 2 patients with renal and ureteral calculi underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operation time in these two cases was 70 and 80 min, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was about 20 ml. The exposure was excellent, and the patient recovered rapidly without complications or residual calculi.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis is feasible for treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.</p>

The dynamic expression of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 in the nasal mucosa in the allergic rhinitis rat models / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the dynamic expression of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 in the nasal mucosa of rat models of allergic rhinitis, at different stages of the process during pathogenesis.@*METHOD@#One hundred and eighty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, the normal Group A used for contrast and experimental groups: Group B and C, each group were 60 rats. Then, observed the expression of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 in the nasal mucosa at different stages of the process by immunohistochemical staining.@*RESULT@#The expression of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 in the nasal mucosa of the normal Group A was negative, while the Group B and Group C were varying degrees of positive both, and Group B, the level of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 were both decline after allergen avoidance, but still more not ability than the expression of the Group B (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of the TGF-beta1 and FGF-2 in the nasal mucosa of rats models were varying degrees of positive , and it is decline while the allergen avoidance.

A systematic review of vasodilators for sudden sensorineural hearing loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of vasodilators for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.@*METHOD@#Based on the principles and methods of Cocharne Systematic Reviews, we searched the cochrane central register of controlled trials, PubMed, Embase, ISI, the China biological medicine datebase, VIP, CNKI and Wangfang database. Randomized controlled trials about using vasodilators to treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss were included. Meta-analysis was performed for the results of homogeneous studies using RevMan software.@*RESULT@#Twenty eight randomized control trials met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies showed vasodilators was not more effective than placebo. From 14 studies comparing vasodilators with vasodilators and 9 studies comparing vasodilators with other drugs, no definite conclusion could be drawn.@*CONCLUSION@#The evidence currently available does not support the use of vasodilators in the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Further randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are needed in order to define the efficacy and acceptability of vasodilators in the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.