Analysis of titer stability and inactivation kinetics of harvest solution of SARS-CoV-2 / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To investigate the titer stability of the harvest solution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2(SARS-CoV-2)at 2 ～ 8 ℃ and the inactivation effect of β-propiolactone inactivator on the virus.Methods Three batches of SARS-CoV-2 harvest solution(batch numbers:202111001,202111002 and 202111003)were stored at 2 ～ 8 ℃ for 12 d and sampled every 3 d(0,3,6,9 and 12 d)for detection of the titers by Karber method;Three batches of virus harvest solution equilibrated overnight at 2 ～ 8 ℃ were inactivated by adding β-propiolactone at a volume fraction of 1∶4 000 and detected for the titers at different inactivation time points(0,0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,8,16 and 24 h),of which samples inactivated for 8,16 and 24 h were taken for inactivation verification,and samples inactivated for 24 h were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results The titers of SARS-CoV-2 decreased with the prolongation of storage time at 2 ～8 ℃,which showed no obvious decrease during 0 ～ 3 d,while decreased from the initial 7.75,6 and 7.5 lgCCID_(50)/mL to5.75,4.625 and 6.25 lgCCID_(50)/mL on day 12,indicating that the virus activity showed a gradual decrease trend at 2 ～8 ℃；With the inactivation time,the virus titer decreased continuously and could not be detected after inactivation for 3 h.Transmission electron microscope observation showed that the inactivated virus particles were intact and the spike protein was evenly distributed.Conclusion The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 stored at 2 ～ 8 ℃ was unstable,so the subsequent inactivation and purification process should be carried out as soon as possible;The titer of virus could not be detected after3 h of inactivation,which provided a reference for the determination of the inactivation process.

Tai Chi exercise and functional electrical stimulation of lower limb muscles for rehabilitation in older adults with chronic systolic heart failure: a non-randomized clinical trial

Exercise-based training decreases hospitalizations in heart failure patients but such patients have exercise intolerance. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise and lower limb muscles' functional electrical stimulation in older chronic heart failure adults. A total of 1,084 older adults with chronic systolic heart failure were included in a non-randomized clinical trial (n=271 per group). The control group did not receive any kind of intervention, one group received functional electrical stimulation of lower limb muscles (FES group), another group practiced Tai Chi exercise (TCE group), and another received functional electrical stimulation of lower limb muscles and practiced Tai Chi exercise (FES & TCE group). Quality of life and cardiorespiratory functions of all patients were evaluated. Compared to the control group, only FES group had increased Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) score (P<0.0001, q=9.06), only the TCE group had decreased heart rate (P<0.0001, q=5.72), and decreased peak oxygen consumption was reported in the TCE group (P<0.0001, q=9.15) and FES & TCE group (P<0.0001, q=10.69). FES of lower limb muscles and Tai Chi exercise can recover the quality of life and cardiorespiratory functions of older chronic heart failure adults (trial registration: Research Registry 4474, January 1, 2015).

Performed titanium locking plate versus nickel-titanium memory alloy embracing fixator in the treatment of multiple rib fractures / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To compare clinical outcomes between the performed titanium locking plate and nickel-titanium memory alloy embracing fixator for the treatment of multiple rib fractures, and to select a better internal fixator for multiple rib fractures. Methods     A total of 206 consecutive patients with multiple rib fractures were admitted to Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Beijing Luhe Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2011 to September 2016. According to different treatment strategies, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a performed titanium locking plate group (a titanium plate group, n=105) and a nickel-titanium memory alloy embracing fixator group (an embracing fixator group, n=101). There were 82 males and 23 females with a mean age of 46.5±9.7 years ranging from 23 to 65 years in the titanium plate group, and 83 males and 18 females with a mean age of 44.7±10.3 years ranging from 19 to 63 years in the embracing fixator group. The preoperative data, curative outcomes, visual analogue scale (VAS) and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results     There was no statistical difference in the preoperative data between the two groups, and all patients successfully completed the operation. Compared with the embracing fixator group, the incision length and operation time were shorter, intraoperative bleeding and VAS score were less, and curative outcome was better in the titanium plate group. Conclusion     The performed titanium locking plate has a great advantage in the clinic, which can be preferred.

Synthesis and Application of A Flavone-based Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Hydrazine / 分析化学

A fluorescence enhancement probe (ZY8) for the detection of N2H4was designed and synthesized by employing 3-hydroxyflavone as a fluorophore,and its spectral properties had been investigated. The results showed that ZY8 had relatively good selectivity and specificity to N2H4in Tris-HCl-ethanol solution (9:1, V/V, pH 7.40). The fluorescent intensity of ZY8 exhibited good linear relationship with concentration of N2H4in the concentration range of 1.6×10-7mol/L-6.2×10-5mol/L,and its detection limit was estimated to be 1. 6×10-7mol/L. ZY8 itself had weak fluorescence, upon addition of N2H4, an approximate 9-fold fluorescence enhancement was observed, and the color of the solution changed from light grayish green to bright grass-green at UV light of 365 nm. So ZY8 might be used to the visual recognition of N2H4. ZY8 could detect N2H4in near-physiological pH range, and it had fast response and strong anti-interference ability. Moreover,ZY8 could be loaded as test paper for naked-eye detection of N2H4at mmol/L level in water solution,and it was also applied in the determination of N2H4in various water samples by the standard addition recovery experiments, with the recovery ratio ranged from 96.0% to 104.2% %, and RSD of all< 4%. The results of this study demonstrated that ZY8 had potential application to the detection of N2H4in the monitoring of environmental pollution.

A New Iridoid glucoside from the Ripe Fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents from the ripe fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., and evaluate their protection on PC12 cells exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation. METHODS: The compounds were isolated through various chromatographic methods including macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative HPLC, and their structures were determined through spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. RESULTS: Eight compounds were isolated from the water extract of the ripe fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., and their structures were elucidated as 6'-O-acetyl-7β-O-ethyl morroniside (1), chrysoderol(2), luteolin(3), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(4), syringate(5),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(6), caffeic acid methyl ester(7), ethyl gallate(8). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new iridoid glucoside, and compounds 2, 3, 5, 7 are obtained from Cornus officinalis for the first time. The MTT results show that compound 4 moderately increases the viability of OGD/R treated PC12 cells at the concentration of 1.0 μmol·L-1.

Advances in the research of inhibitors of enzymes of bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis / 药学学报

In recent years, owing to the abuse of antibiotics, the widespread of resistant bacterial strains became a serious threat to public health. This status demands development of new antibacterial agents with novel mechanisms of action. The reason for the limited new antibacterials is the small number of effective therapeutic targets, which cannot meet the current needs for the multiple drug-resistant treatment. Screening for new targets is the key step in the development of novel antibacterial agents. Peptidoglycan is the main component of the cell wall of bacteria, which is essential for survival of pathogenic bacteria. Within the biochemical pathway for peptidoglycan biosynthes is the Murligases, described in this review as highly potential targets for the development of new classes of antibacterial agents. This review provides an in-depth insight into the recent developments in the field of inhibitors of the Mur enzymes (MurA-F). Moreover, the reasons for the lack of candidate inhibitors and the challenges to overcome the hurdles are also discussed.

Preparation and identification of Jujuboside A artificial antigen / 中国中药杂志

Immunogenic antigen (jujuboside A-BSA) and coating antigen (jujuboside A-OVA) of jujuboside A were synthesized by sodium periodate oxidation method for the first time. Jujuboside A artificial antigen was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The titer and specificity of the antibody in serum of immunized mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The corrected relation curve of inhibition rate showed that the antibody against Jujuboside A obtained from immunized mice could bind to jujuboside A and the titer was up to 1∶4 000. The jujuboside A artificial antigen was synthesized, which can be used further to preparation of monoclonal antibody and the pharmacokinetics study of jujuboside A in laboratory animals.

Chemical constituents from ripe fruit of Cornus officinalis / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the chemical compounds from the fruit of Cornus officinalis, six compounds were isolated and determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis as 6'-O-acetyl-7α-O-ethyl morroniside (1), (-)-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), apigenin (3), cirsiumaldehyde(4), p-coumaric acid (5), caffeic acid (6). Compound 1 was a new iridoid glucoside,and compounds 2-4 were obtained from the Cornus genus for the first time. Compounds 2-6 were evaluated for the viability of PC12 cells when exposed in conditions of oxygen and glucose deprivation. The MTT results showed that compound 4 increased cell viability moderately in OGD/R treated PC12 cells at the concentration of 1.0 μmol•L⁻¹.

Global Handwashing Day 2012: a qualitative content analysis of Chinese social media reaction to a health promotion event

Background：Global Handwashing Day (GHD) is a handwashing promotion campaign organized by the Global Public-Private Partnership of Handwashing with Soap. In China, it has been promoted by the Chinese public health authorities, international organizations and multinational corporations through various channels including social media such as Sina Weibo, the leading Chinese microblogging site similar to Twitter. The objective of this study is to qualitatively assess Chinese social media users’ reactions to a health promotion campaign using Global Handwashing Day (GHD) 2012 as an example.Methods：We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 552 Weibo posts generated on GHD 2012 by Weibo users with 1000 or more followers with the Chinese keyword for “handwashing.” We categorized the Weibo posts into groups by keywords that frequently appeared in the data set. These groups were either exact reposts of an original post, or they conveyed similar information.Results：We observed the interconnections between traditional media and social media in handwashing promotion. Social media were found to serve as amplifiers of contents provided by traditional media. We observed the contextualization of global hygiene messages in a unique national social media market in China.Discussion：Our study showed that social media and traditional media are two interconnected arms of the GHD campaign in China. Our analysis demonstrated that public health campaigns in China can be evaluated using social media data. The themes and topics identified in this study will help public health practitioners evaluate future social media handwashing promotion campaigns.

On-line Quantitative Monitoring and Control of Tobacco Flavors by Near Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Advanced Calibration Transfer Method / 分析化学

Whennearinfraredspectroscopyisappliedtoon-linemonitoringandcontroloftobaccoflavors,the variation in temperature can severely deteriorate the predictive performance of near infrared spectroscopic calibration models and results in a significant increases of the root mean square error value for the main constituents in syrup samples from 2. 4% to 29. 0%. In this paper, near infrared spectroscopy has been incorporated with an advanced calibration transfer method-loading space standardization to effectively eliminate the deteriorate effects of temperature variation on quantitative results and finally realize the fast and accurate on-line quantitative monitoring and control of tobacco flavors. The root mean square error value for the main constituents in syrup samples is successfully retained at a satisfying low level of 3 . 8%. The results of this paper will provide technical support for the preparation, preservation and use of tobacco flavors, and realize on-line process quality control of cigarettes.

Estimation on the size of men who have sex with men among college students in Beijing through the Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) was used to estimate the Personal Network Size (C) of college students in Beijing and the size of men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A survey was conducted on Beijing college students to estimate the personal network size (C) through NSUM and then using the back-estimating and attitude adjustment to correct C value and the size of the target population.Results The mean of C among Beijing college students was 97 and the differences of C between different majors and different grades were both statistically significant.Among Beijing College students,3.96％ of them identified themselves as MSM,with the number as 16 260.Conclusion Using the NSUM to estimate C of Beijing college students and size of MSM seemed to be credible which worth popularized.

Relationship between carotid plaque neovascularization and coronary heart disease by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To evaluate the relationship between carotid plaque neovascularization and coronary heart disease using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Methods We studied carotid plaques in 312 patients with coronary artery disease by contrast-enhanced ultrasound [51 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 261 patients with stable coronary artery disease (sCAD) ]. We analyzed sonographic features of each plaque, including the enhancement intensity of plaque (A value), the ratio of plaque to carotid artery lumen in enhancement intensity (Ratio), plaque thickness and plaque echo (soft plaque, hard plaque, mixed plaque, calcified plaque). Results The average thickness of plaque in patients with ACS and in patients with sCAD had no significant difference in statistics [(2.6±0.4) mm vs (2.9±0.8) mm, t=-1.903, P=0.058) ]. The group with ACS:soft plaque 43 (84.3%, 43/51), mixed plaque 8 (15.7%,8/51), no hard plaque and calcified plaque. And the group with sCAD:soft plaque 174 (66.7%,174/261), hard plaque 19 (7.3%,19/261), mixed plaques 16 (6.1%,16/261), calcified plaque 52 (19.9%,52/261). The percentage of soft plaque in the acute coronary syndrome group was significantly higher than that in stable coronary artery disease group (χ2=6.274,P=0.012). The A value and Ratio in patients with ACS were prominently larger than those in patients with sCAD [ (11.3±3.2) vs (8.9±3.3) dB, t=7.150,P<0.01;0.6±0.2 vs 0.4±0.2, t=7.419,P<0.01].Conclusion Carotid artery plaque neovascularization density was significantly higher in patients with ACS than that in patients with sCAD by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, revealing that the neovascularization density is closely related to clinical symptoms of patients with coronary heart disease.