Lipopolysaccharides protect mesenchymal stem cell against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury by HMGB1/STAT3 signaling / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

BACKGROUND@#Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a serious and irreversible injury. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered to be a potential therapy for I/R injury due to the paracrine effects. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel mediator in MSC and regulates the response of inflammation injury. Signal Transduction and Transcription Activator 3 (STAT3) is a critical transcription factor and important for release of paracrine factors. However, the relationship between HMGB1 and STAT3 in paracrine effect of MSC remains unknown.@*METHODS@#In vitro, hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model was established by AnaeroPack System and examined by Annexin V flow cytometry, CCK8 assay and morphology observation. Detection of apoptotic proteins and protein expression of HMGB1 and STAT3 by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The conditioned medium of MSCs with or without LPS pretreatment was cocultured with H9C2 cells for 24 h before hypoxia treatment and MSC showed obvious cardiomyocytes protect role, as evidence by decreased apoptosis rate and improved cells viability, and LPS pretreated MSC exhibited better protect role than untreated MSC. However, such effect was abolished in HMGB1 deficiency group, silencing HMGB1 decreased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin growth factor (IGF), cell viability, and the expression of STAT3. Furthermore, STAT3 silence attenuated the protective effect of LPS in MSC.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These findings suggested that LPS improved MSC-mediated cardiomyocytes protection by HMGB1/STAT3 signaling.

Exploration on mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza in treating cirrhosis based on network pharmacology / 中草药

Objective: Network pharmacology method was adopted in this study to explore the active compounds and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza for cirrhosis. Methods: TCMSP database was utilized to obtain the active components of S. miltiorrhiza. Through GeneCards, OMIM and DRAR-CPI, the potential targets of S. miltiorrhiza for the treatment of cirrhosis were screened. Cytoscape 3.6.0 software was established to construct the active components-targets network of S. miltiorrhiza. STRING database and Generate style from statistics of Cytoscape 3.6.0 software were conducted to draw a graph of protein interaction network. Molecular docking was carried out through Systems Dock Web Site with the active components of S. miltiorrhiza. The GO classified enrichment analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by using DAVID database. Results: Selecting the OB ≥ 30% and DL ≥ 0.18 as filter condition, 65 active components and 75 targets of S. miltiorrhiza were involved. S. miltiorrhiza exerted its effects on treating cirrhosis mainly by regulating signaling pathways including MAPK, Toll-like receptor, Gap junction, PI3K/AKT, Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity signaling pathway and so on. Conclusion: This study preliminarily predicted the major targets and pathways of S. miltiorrhiza acting on cirrhosis, which provided new ideas and clues for its further research.

Construction and application of resuscitation and transfer modules in field medical unit / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To construct and apply resuscitation and transfer modules in the field medical unit.Methods Two modules of resuscitation and transfer were developed according to the objective,principle and method of resuscitation and transfer modularity.Totally 3 modes were used during the application of the modules,including independent deployment,combined deployment by brigade and regiment treatment facilities as well as separate deployment.Studies were executed on classification of professional equipment,generalization,integration,portability and etc.The efficacy of establishing the modules was verified in the practical application.Resultd The modules enhanced the efficiency of the field medical unit while saved medical resources.Conclusion The resuscitation and transfer modules and their equipment systems in the field medical unit meet the requirements for rapid deployment,supply,withdrawal and etc of emergency mobile medical unit,and thus raise the medical service support ability.

Effect of different drying and storing methods on quality control for leaves of Eucommia ulmoides / 中草药

Objective: To study the effect of different drying and storing methods on the content of main components in the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides. Methods: The contents of chlorogenic acid, geniposide acid, and geniposide in the leaves of E. ulmoides after being treated with different drying and storing methods were determined by HPLC. Results: The contents of geniposide acid and geniposide were higher in the fresh leaves of E. ulmoides and the content of chlorogenic acid was higher in the shade dried leaves of E. ulmoides after dried, microwave heated, and stored under low temperature. The content of main components in the leaves of E. ulmoides stored in darkness at low temperature decreased slowly. Conclusion: The contents of main components in the leaves of E. ulmoides collected in the best harvest time remain almost the same after fixed, dried, microwave heated, sealed, stored at low temperature in darkness for one year.

Preparation of captopril pulsed pellets and its pharmacokinetics in rats / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: Compared with the compound captopril tablets (compound Cap), to study the pharmacokinetics characteristics and bioavailability in twelve wista rats after oral administration of Cap pulsed pellets and compound CAP tablets by HPLC. METHODS: To prepare captopril pulsed pellets (Cap pulsed pellets). The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed by software program DAS2.1. RESULTS: In vivo the lag time for 4.75 h, compared with ordinary tablet, it has an obviously lag time, tmax was 9.67 h and the relative bioavailability was(117.29 ± 46.87)%. CONCLUSION: The release of CAP from CAP pulsed sustained-release pellets was shown to be sustained-release after an conspicuous lag time in vitro and in vivo. So the drug can be taken by the patient before sleeping and can achieve the purpose in the morning. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Y Haplogroup Distribution in Korean and Other Populations / 대한법의학회지

With globalization, international exchange has increased. Accordingly, the necessity for individual identification using genetic polymorphism has also increased. Paternal lineages are distributed differently, and different distribution patterns can be used to predict ancestry. We studied the distribution pattern of different paternal lineages in Korea and compared them with other populations. All 30 SNPs on the Y chromosome were selected for paternal lineage confirmation. Loci that could subclassify haplogroup O, the most frequent in the East Asian population, were added. After multiplex amplification for the target loci, SBE reactions were set up for each SNP site. One hundred Korean men as well as 60 Chinese, 60 Japanese, 19 African-American, 48 Caucasian, and 47 Mexican American were tested and compared. Five Y haplogroups [C (C3), D (D2), NO, O, Q (Q1a1)] were found in Koreans, with haplogroup O being the most frequent. Haplogroup O sub-classified into O* (24%), O1 (6%), O2b (39%), O3a3c (4%), O3a3c1 (13%), and O3a3b(1%). This distribution pattern was similar to that of Chinese or Japanese, but minor differences were noted. With Fst, the Korean and Japanese patterns were close (0.01757) when using 6 SNPs. There were significant differences between Koreans and African Americans, Caucasians and Mexican Americans, and they were easily discernible without requiring haplogroup O sub-classification. Sub-classification of haplogroup O is likely to be useful for East Asia group comparisons. Additional studies in populations from different areas of China or Japan or studies of mtDNA or autosomes may enhance the discrimatory power of genetic polymorphism in different Asian populations.

Brucine chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel for intra-articular injection / 药学学报

The aim of this study was to develop a sustained release converse thermosensitive hydrogel for intra-articular injection using chitosan-glycerol-borax as matrix, its physical properties and biocompatibility were investigated. Taking gelation time and gelation condition as index, the influence of concentration of chitosan, ratio of chitosan to glycerol, pH on physical properties of hydrogel were investigated. And then the in vitro drug release, rheological properties and biocompatibility were studied. The thermosensitive hydrogel flows easily at room temperature and turns to gelation at body temperature, which can certainly prolong the release of drug and has good biocompatibility.

Comparison of three methods in construction fusion gene of influenza A virus Nucleoprotein / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a best method of constructing influenza NP fusion gene containing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The full-length NP gene of influenza A was amplified by RT-PCR and was inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1 in order to construct a fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP using three different methods. Method one, NP gene containing restriction endonucleases and pEGFP-N1 were both digested using the same restrict enzymes and ligated, yielding the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP. Method two, NP gene was cloned into pMD19-T Vector to construct a plasmid of pMD19-T-NP. The pMD19-T-NP cloned into pEGFP-N1 to construct the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP; Method three, NP gene containing restriction endonucleases was cloned into pMD19-T Simple Vector to construct a plasmid of pMD19-T-NP. The pMD19-T-NP cloned into pEGFP-N1 to construct the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fusion gene of recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-NP was successfully constructed by using method three.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The full-length NP gene is obtained and its fusion gene of recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid is successfully constructed. This study provides foundation for further understanding the biological function of NP protein and the mechanism of diseases induced by influenza A virus.</p>

Effect of pinocembrin on brain mitochondrial respiratory function / 药学学报

There are growing evidences that pinocembrin has better neuroprotective effect. In the present study, the effect of pinocembrin on mitochondrial respiratory function was evaluated in global brain ischemia/ reperfusion (4-vessel occlusion, 4-VO) rats. The results showed that pinocembrin improved the respiratory activity of 4-VO brain mitochondria, through increasing ADP/O, state 3 respiration state (V3), respiration control rate index (RCI) and oxidative phosphorylation rate (OPR). And then, the effect of pinocembrin on brain mitochondria was verified in vitro. The results showed that pinocembrin increased ADP/O, state 3 respiration state, respiration control rate index, oxidative phosphorylation rate in NADH/FADH2 dependent respiratory chain and decreased state 4 respiration state (V4) in NADH dependent respiratory chain. Pinocembrin improved ATP content in brain mitochondria in vitro and in SH-SY5Y cells.

The study of the sensitive and specificity on HBV DNA replication by HBV-lP detecting / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect HBV-LP and HBV DNA of the patients with hepatitis B, and to study the sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP detecting and its evaluate on for clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ELISA was used for HBV-LP detecting and RT-PCR for HBV DNA detecting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP and HBV DNA were 64.89%, 99.68%, 60.63% and 100% respectively (P > 0.05); +LR, -LR were 202.78, 60.63, 0.3522 and 0.3937, and there were significance between +LR of the detecting (P < 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP and HBV DNA detecting are considerable, +LR of HBV-LP are higher comparing HBV DNA. The HBV-LP is better serology index for detecting replication of HBV DNA.</p>

The enhancing effect of borneol on the absorption of tetramethylpyrazine / 药学学报

To explore the mechanism of the absorption enhancement of borneol, the effect of borneol on the intestinal absorption and the pharmacokinetics of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate after oral administration were investigated. In situ intestinal recirculation was performed to study the effect of various concentrations of borneol on the absorption of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate at duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon. After oral administration of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate, the mixture of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate and borneol and the mixture of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate and verapamil in rats, the concentrations of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate in plasma were determined by RP-HPLC at predesigned time. The pharmacokinetic parameters were compared based on the results of the three animal experiments, and analyzed with software program 3p97. The result showed that tetramethylpyrazine phosphate could be absorbed at all of the four intestinal segments with increasing absorption amount per unit as follows: colon > duodenum > jejunum > ileum, but without saturation, which demonstrated that tetramethylpyrazine phosphate was absorbed via simple diffusion. Borneol could enhance the intestinal absorption of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate, however, not in proportion. There was no obvious difference between the test group and the control group when 10 microg x mL(-1) borneol was added (P > 0.05), while when the concentration comes to 25 microg x mL(-1) and 50 microg x mL(-1), significant differences were observed (P < 0.05). Borneol and verapamil did enhance the bioavailability of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate after oral administration in rats. The enhancing effect of borneol showed only when the concentration came to a certain level but with no specific sites existed in the intestine. One of the mechanisms of borneol on the enhancing effect on absorption of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate might be the inhibition of the metabolism of CYP 3A and exocytosis of P-gp.

Screening of differentially expressed genes in the hypothalamus of a rat neuropathic pain model following sciatic nerve injury / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Neuropathic pain is induced by injury or disease of the nervous system. Most studies have so far focused only on a few known molecules and signaling pathways among neurons. However, all signal transmissions involved in neuropathic pain appear to be an integral system at different molecular levels. This study was designed to screen the differentially expressed genes of the hypothalamus in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats and analyze their functions in developing neuropathic pain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley rats ((200 +/- 10) g) were used in experimental group and sham group (n = 5 in each group). Mechanical allodynia tests were performed to ensure that the CCI rat model was constructed successfully. Total hypothalamus RNAs were isolated from each group. Forward suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library of rat hypothalamus was constructed and up-regulated cDNA clones at neuropathic pain states were obtained via suppressed subtractive hybridization technique and the functions of these genes were analyzed bioinformatically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mechanical allodynia tests showed that the experimental rats had a significantly reduced mechanical allodynia threshold 3 to 13 days after CCI vs sham surgery rats (P < 0.01), indicating that the model was successful. Forward SSH library of the rat hypothalamus was constructed successfully and 26 over-expressed expression sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained from these up-regulated cDNA clones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Twenty-six up-regulated genes, involved in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis, signal transduction, and neuroprotection, may play key roles in decreasing mechanical withdraw thresholds in CCI rats, which implicates a multidimensional and integrated molecular mechanism at gene level in developing neuropathic pain with the supraspinal contributions.</p>

Remarks on food safety and hygiene at Thua Thien Hue province (1992 - 2006)

Background: At present, management and supervision on food safety and hygiene quality have many difficulties because supervisory system from province to district, commune is still insufficient. Objectives: Assessment on food safety and hygiene situation at Thua Thien Hue province, propose solutions to intensify State management on food safety and hygiene quality and step by step enhance efficiency of food safety and hygiene activities in the next years. Subjects and method: Food processing establishments at Thua Thien Hue province. Method: Inspection in Action months for food safety and hygiene, supervision usually on food processing establishments were chosen accidentally in area. Food samples were inspected indexes of microorganisms, physicochemical have met the criteria of Ministry of Health. Results: The proportion of food processing establishments and cafeterias which have not met the regulations on food safety and hygiene was decreasing from 40,93% to 27,45%. Also in 2002-2006, 36,71% of kitchen utensils and the cooks\ufffd?hands failed to meet the regulations. Regarding to microorganisms, the indices of ice-cream, bean sweet porridge and soft drinks had improved remarkably. The index of ice had been decreased from 33,02% to 22,56%. 45,25% of bowls and plates didn\u2019t meet chemical and physical criteria. 68,4% of food colourings didn\u2019t meet criteria because inorganic and industrial colourings were used. Traditional foods still contain borax although the prevalence is decreasing from 65% to 35%. Ice cream and bean sweet porridge cooked with saccharine were 37,34%. Conclusion: Understanding of producers and consumers about food have still many limitations.

Primary result of building a street food safety and hygiene model in Hue city

Background: Hue city is a cultural and tourism center of The middle and the whole country. Beside developing tourism services, food processing establishments, traditional specialities, eating and drinking services especially street food services more and more develop plentifully and multiform, satisfy daily demand of consumers. Objectives: Assessment on improvement level on some targets of street food safety and hygiene after 2 years intervention. Subjects and method: All street food processing establishments in 3 wards: V\u0129nh Ninh, Ph\xfa H\u1ed9i, V\ufffd?D\ufffd?of Hue city. Method: Cross-sectional study with comparison before and after intervention. Results: Kitchen utensils samples have met hygiene requirements and the proportion of food samples without borax both increase. The infection rate of bacteria in cook\ufffd?hands, kitchen utensils, cooked food were improved after 2 years carried out targeted model. Clean water for processing street food have not enough although 100% households use running water. The proportion of people were trained about food safety and hygiene knowledges and health examination increase. The situation of using food colourings and poisonous additives decrease remarkably. Salesclerks have more consciousness of preserving and covering food. 86,4% of food processing establishments have recycle bins obtain requirement to reduce polluted food. Conclusion: Street food is an important stage of food supplying network in 3 wards above. Somewhere having interest of Government and local authorities, Steering committee have efficient activities street food model develop conveniently.

Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To prepare verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets (VH-COERP) and study its release behavior in vitro. To compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of VH-COERP and verapamil hydrochloride delayed-release pellets (VH-DRP) as reference.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The core of VH-COERP were prepared in the fluidized bed (mini-glatt) by spraying water solution containing drugs onto sucrose-starch pellets with hydroroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as the inner coating swelling layer and ethylcellulouse aqueous dispersion as the outer coating controlled layer. Through modifying the coating level of inner and outer layer, the VH-COERP with the optimized cumulative release profile was obtained. The concentration of VH in plasma of six dogs and its pharmacokinetic behaviors after oral administration of VH-COERP and VH-DRP at different times were studied by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed by software program 3P97.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lag time, the release behavior and the amount of VH from VH-COERP within 24 hours were not influenced by the pH of dissolution medium and post-process, but obviously influenced by the different kinds of added material in swelling layer and the coating level of the inner swelling layer and the outer controlled layer. In vitro the lag time of release profile of VH from VH-COERP was 5 h and then VH was extended release from VH-COERP in the following time. Compared with the VH-DRP, VH-COERP in vivo has an obviously lag time (4 h) , Tmax was also delayed (8 h) and the relative bioavailability was (94.56 +/- 7.64)%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The release profile of VH from VH-COERP was shown to be extended-release after an conspicuous lag time in vitro and in vivo. So the drug can be taken by the patient before bed time and begin to work at the morning.</p>

Remarks on the results of treatment for paranoid schizophrenic patients with electroconvulsive combined neuroleptic therapy

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe psychotic disease with high incidence. Treatment of schizophrenia with neuroleptic is a major medical advance, but sometime its result is still limited. Objective: To study the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (EC) in treatment of paranoid schizophrenic patients. Subject and methods: 101 paranoid schizophrenic patients treated by neuroleptic alone or neuroleptic combined EC, were treated in the Mental Department of Hospital 103 and Nam Dinh Mental Hospital from May, 2006 to June, 2007. Results and Conclusion: All 100% of the patients had a positive response to EC; the mean times of EC were 7.63\xb11.4 times for one. The regression of hallucination was observed after 4.6\xb11.49 times of EC; delusion after 4.96\xb11.4 times; suicide attempt after 3.25\xb10.96 times and refusing to eat after 4.96\xb12.1 times of EC; insomnia disappeared after 4.96\xb12.1 times of EC. Some side effects of the EC therapy: 100% of patients had orientation disorder; headache with light and moderate level accounted for 69.65% and 26.79%, respectively. Combination therapy made patients more stable, compared to neuroleptic therapy alone (p<0.05).

A survey on the knowledge, attitude and practice of Khmer monks through health education classes

Survey of 140 Khmer monks after the health education classes at 27 pagodas in Kien Giang province in 1999-2002. . The result showed that: the rate of trained monk’s right answer is four folds higher than wrong answer. And the trained monk’s knowledlege, attitude and practice have been improved. Before these classes are opened, the rate of right answer is only from 10% to 20%. These monks eagerly offered their medical awareness to Khmer people who visited the pagodas. It is obvious that these classes brought practical efficiency and should be expanded to other areas having a lot of Khmer people

Effects of fentanyl on GABAA receptor in rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of fentanyl on GABAA receptors in hippocampal pyramidal neurons of rat.Methods Pyramidal neurons were acutely isolated from 3-10 day old SD rats of either sex by enzymatic-mechanic method. GABAA receptor mediated currents ( IGABA) were recorded using voltage clamped whole cell patch clamp technique in gap-free mode at the holding potential (VH) of - 50 mV. Current-voltage relationship of IGABA was obtained in ramp protocol ranging from + 30 mV to - 110 mV and lasting for 1 600 ms. Data were collected by using a system consisting of Axopatch 200B patch-clamp amplifier, Pentium Ⅲ computer and Digidata 1200 interface. All experiments were performed at room temperature (22-25℃). Five to twelve neurons were used for each fentanyl concentration. The effects of fentanyl from 1.0 ? 10-5 ?mol?L-1 to 10. 0 ?mol?L-1 were evaluated by the inhibition rate of the peak amplitude of IGABA, the desensitization time constant (?des) of IGABA and the reversal potential (Ecl- ) of IGABA. A ?-opioid receptor selective antagonist CTAP 1 ?mol?L-1 was applied and its effects on fentanyl were recorded. Results (1) GAB A 1-1 000 ?mol?L-1 induced inward currents (IGABA) dose-dependently with an EC50 of 23.73 ?mol?L-1.IGABA induced by GABA 30 ?mol?L-1 was blocked by bicuculline 1 ?mol?L-1. (2) Fentanyl depressed IGABA dose-dependently with EC50 of 0.011 ?mol?L-1 and shortened the rdes of IGABA.(3) The inhibitory effects of fentanyl on IGABA were antagonized by CTAP. (4) Fentanyl 0.01 ?mol?L-1 and CTAP did not influence the reversal potential of IGABA (Ecl- -3.0 mV) .Conclusion Fentanyl inhibits the function of GABAA receptors through ?-opioid receptors in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Hippocampus may play a role in the neuroexcitatory effects of opioids.