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1.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1484708

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Agaricus brasiliensis is a medicinal mushroom with immunomodulatory and antitumor activities attributed to the -glucans presented in the polysaccharide fraction of its fruiting body. Since -glucans enhance cellular immunoresponsiveness, in this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of an acid-treated polysaccharide-rich fraction (ATF) of A. brasiliensis on the ability of human monocytes to adhere/phagocyte C. albicans yeast cells, their expression of pattern recognition receptors and their ability to produce cytokines. Methods Adhesion/phagocytosis of FITC-labeled C. albicans was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cells were incubated with specific fluorochrome-labeled antibodies for TLR2 and 4, GR and MR and also evaluated by flow cytometry. Monocytes were cultured with ATF, and culture supernatants were collected for analysis of in vitro cytokine production by ELISA (TNF-, IL-1, IL-12 and IL-10). Results ATF significantly increased the adherence/phagocytosis of C. albicans by monocytes and this was associated with enhanced expression of TLR2 and TLR4, while no effect was observed on GR or MR. Moreover, expression of TLR4 and TLR2 was associated with higher levels of in vitro production of TNF- and IL-1, respectively. Production of IL-10 was also increased by ATF treatment, but we found no association between its production and the expression of Toll-like receptors. Conclusion Our results provided us with evidence that A. brasiliensis polysaccharides affect human monocytes probably through the modulation of Toll-like receptors.

2.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-954846

ABSTRACT

Agaricus brasiliensis é um cogumelo medicinal com atividades imunomoduladoras e antitumorais atribuídas aos ß-glucanos presentes na fração polissacarídica de seu corpo de frutificação. Uma vez que os ß-glucanos aumentam a imunorresponsividade celular, neste estudo objetivamos avaliar o efeito de uma fração rica em polissacarídeos tratados com ácido (ATF) de A. brasiliensis sobre a capacidade de monócitos humanos de aderir / fagocitar células de levedura C. albicans . expressão de receptores de reconhecimento de padrões e sua capacidade de produzir citocinas. Métodos: A adesão / fagocitose de C. albicans marcada com FITC foi avaliada por citometria de fluxo. As células foram incubadas com anticorpos marcados com fluorocromo específicos para TLR2 e 4, ßGR e MR e também avaliadas por citometria de fluxo. Os monócitos foram cultivados com ATF, e os sobrenadantes da cultura foram coletados para análise da produção de citocinas in vitro por ELISA (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-12 e IL-10). Resultados: ATF aumentou significativamente a aderência / fagocitose de C. albicans por monócitos e isso foi associado com expressão aumentada de TLR2 e TLR4, enquanto nenhum efeito foi observado em ßGR ou MR. Além disso, a expressão de TLR4 e TLR2 foi associada a níveis mais elevados de produção in vitro de TNF-α e IL-1, respectivamente. A produção de IL-10 também foi aumentada pelo tratamento com ATF, mas não encontramos associação entre sua produção e a expressão de receptores Toll-like. Conclusão: Nossos resultados nos forneceram evidências de que polissacarídeos de A. brasiliensis afetam monócitos humanos provavelmente através da modulação de receptores Toll-like.(AU)


Subject(s)
Polysaccharides , In Vitro Techniques , Agaricus , Candida albicans , Cytokines , Toll-Like Receptors
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 45(1): 111-115, 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709493

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the frequency of enterococci from food and found 95.2% of positivity, being E. faecium and E. faecalis the most frequent species. High-level streptomycin resistance was observed, as well as gelatinase and hemolysis activity, showing the potential role of environmental strains as reservoir of virulence and resistance traits.


Subject(s)
Enterococcus/classification , Enterococcus/isolation & purification , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Brazil , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Enterococcus/physiology , Gelatinases/analysis , Hemolysis , Prevalence , Virulence Factors/analysis
4.
ARBS annu. rev. biomed. sci ; 13(n.esp): 1-8, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-619902

ABSTRACT

Ganoderma lucidum is an edible medicinal mushroom withimmunomodulatory and antitumor properties, which are mainly attributed to polysaccharides and triterpenesthat can be isolated from mycelia, fruiting bodies and spores. G. lucidum has been used in a powdered form, asa medicinal beverage and a nutraceutical food (usually dried). In the present review we report some historicalfacts and the experimental evidence that polysaccharides and triterpenes obtained from this mushroom presentpotential antitumor activity. Direct effects on tumor cells include induction of apoptosis and interference in thecell cycle, whereas indirect effects are based on the modulation of immune response, usually impaired bycancer cells. Data indicate that G. lucidum can be used as a complementary tool for treatment of cancerpatients.


Subject(s)
Agaricales/immunology , Immunologic Factors , Neoplasms/therapy , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Reishi , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Triterpenes/therapeutic use
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(3): 244-250, May 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-485211

ABSTRACT

A polysaccharide-rich fraction (ATF) of medicinal mushroom Agaricus brasiliensis was evaluated on the candidacidal activity, H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) production, and expression of mannose receptors by murine peritoneal macrophages. Mice received three intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of ATF and after 48 h their peritoneal resident macrophages were assayed against Candida albicans yeast forms. The treatment increased fungicidal activity and it was associated with higher levels of H2O2, whereas NO production was not affected. We also found that the treatment enhances mannose receptor expression by peritoneal macrophages, which are involved in the attachment and phagocytosis of non-opsonized microorganisms. Treatment of animals with ATF was able to enhance the clearance of C. albicans during the first 6 h after the experimental i.p. infection. Our results suggest that this extract can increase host resistance against some infectious agents through the stimulation of microbicidal activity of macrophages.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Agaricus/chemistry , Candida albicans/immunology , Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Hydrogen Peroxide/immunology , Lectins, C-Type/immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Macrophages, Peritoneal/microbiology , Mannose-Binding Lectins/immunology , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Phagocytosis/drug effects , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
6.
ARBS annu. rev. biomed. sci ; 7: 127-148, 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-421297

ABSTRACT

Natural killer cells constitute a population of lymphocytes able to non-specifically destroy virus-infected and some kinds to tumor cells. Since this lytic activity was shown by non-immunized animals the phenomenon is denominated natural killer (NK) activity and contrasts with specific cytotoxicity performed by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) because it does not depends on MHC-restricted peptides recognition. In fact, the main feature of most functional receptors of NK cells (NKRs) is their ability to be inhibited by different kinds of class I MHC antigens. In the middle of the 1950, Burnet and Thomas forged the concept of tumor immunosurveillance and NK cells can be considered one of the main figures in this phenomenon both effector and regulatory functions. In the present review the early studies on the biology of NK cells were revisited and both their antitumor activity and dependence on the activation by cytokines are discussed


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Neoplasms/immunology , Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology , Cell Death , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
7.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 45(3): 95-104, maio-jun. 1990. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-103689

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho faz a avaliaçäo clínico-laboratorial de 11 pacientes com imunodeficiência comum variável, seguidos no Serviço de Imunopatologia do HC/FMUSP. A idade destes pcientes variou de oito a 45 anos, com tempo médio de doença de 12,6 anos e de diagnóstico de 4,3 anos. Manifestaçöes infecciosas, principalmente de vias aéreas e digestivas, ocorreram em todos os pacientes. Poliadenomegalia ocorreu em sete, hepatomegalia em seis, esplenomegalia em cinco e artralgia em quatro pacientes. Todos os casos apresentaram IgG sérica < 250 mg dl. IgA < 33 mg/dl e IGM < 31 ml/dl, exceto um paciente com IgM de 176 mg/dl. Os títulos de iso hemaglutininas foram < 1/20, exceto em um paciente. A determinaçäo de linfócitos B no sangue périférico revelou níveis normais em três, elevados em um e diminuidos em cinco pacientes. Cinco apresentaram testes cutâneos tardios positivos a pelo menos um dos antígenos testados (PPD, varidase (SK-SD), Tricofitina e Levedurina). A avaliaçäo da relaçäo CD-4/CD-8 obtida no sangue periférico foi <1 em oito e > 1 em três. Observou-se também déficit da funçäo NK, paralelamente a uma depressäo da atividade proliferativa de células mononucleares estimuladas por lectinas (PHA, Con-A e PWM). A associaçäo destas duas disfunçöes foi comum, sugerindo um possível papel de linfócitos T reguladores na imunopatogênese da doença nestes pacientes. Os dados obtidos demonstraram a diversidade das manifestaçöes clínicas e imunológicas desta doença, que pode ser notada ente pacientes diferentes e mesmo no seguimento de um único paciente. Em nossos casos a doença apresentou um caráter evolutivo, com uma disfunçäo primariamente humoral seguida por distúrbios da imunidade celular que resultaron em pior prognóstico e dificuldades progressivas na terapêutica...


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Agammaglobulinemia/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin Isotypes/analysis , Skin Tests , T-Lymphocyte Subsets , Agammaglobulinemia/immunology , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Follow-Up Studies , gamma-Globulins/analysis , Immunity, Cellular , Leukocyte Count
8.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 40(1): 1-5, jan.-fev. 1985. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-1341

ABSTRACT

Anticorpo anticentrômero (AAC) foi detectado em oito de nove pacientes com síndrome de CREST, num estudo de 105 pacientes com doenças difusas do tecido conectivo (DDTC) e 60 normais, por técnica de imunofluorescência indireta em células HEp-2. Quatro destes soros foram avaliados quanto a capacidade de fixaçäo de complemento, pela mesma técnica, porém revelando a reaçäo com anti-Ciq e anti C, marcados com fluoresceína. Todos os soros mostraram positividade da reaçäo apenas com anti-C3. Apesar do ensaio sugerir fixaçäo de complemento pela via alternativa, näo foram observadas alteraçöes do nível sérico do complemento. O estudo seriado de uma paciente tratada com D. penicilamina, demonstrou negativaçäo deste auto anticorpo após seis meses de tratamento. O estudo familiar, deste caso, revelou a presença de AAC em uma das filhas, que apresentava apenas fenômeno de Raynaud. Esses dados sugerem que AAC pode ter um papel de importância relevante no diagnóstico, e possivelmente na monitorizaçäo destes pacientes


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Antinuclear/analysis , Centromere/immunology , Connective Tissue Diseases/immunology , Complement C3/analysis , Complement Fixation Tests , Complement System Proteins/analysis
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