Study on the relationship between indexes of different abnormal weight and dyslipidemia in adults in Beijing City / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the relationship and consistency between indexes of different abnormal weight and dyslipidemia in adults in Beijing City. Methods: From August to December of 2017, 4 975 residents aged 18 to 79 years old in 5 districts of Beijing were randomly selected as subjects by using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, high body fat rate, central obesity, and high waist-to-height ratio was calculated. Partial correlation was used to analyze the correlation of blood lipid with body mass index (BMI), body fat rate, waist circumference and waist-height ratio. Logistic regression analysis for complex sampling was used to analyze the relationship between indexes of different abnormal weight and dyslipidemia after controlling for relevant risk factors, including age, sex, smoking status, drinking, insufficiency intake of vegetable and fruit, physical inactivity. Kappa value was computed to analyze the consistency between indexes of different abnormal weight. Results: The weighted prevalence of dyslipidemia was 30.48%, and it was higher in men than that in women (40.16% vs. 20.52%, P<0.01). The weighted rate of overweight/obesity, high body fat rate, central obesity, and high waist-to-height ratio was 56.65%, 47.52%, 42.48% and 59.45%, respectively. BMI, body fat rate, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were positively correlated with the level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Logistic regression analysis for complex sampling showed that the high body fat rate (OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.35-2.07), overweight/obesity (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.26-2.14) and high waist-to-height ratio (OR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.09-1.96) were associated with dyslipidemias. Kappa values of high body fat rate with overweight/obesity, high waist-to-height ratio and central obesity were 0.65, 0.53 and 0.58, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: In 2017, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults in Beijing City is high, especially in men. Overweight/obesity, high body fat rate and high waist-to-height ratio are associated with dyslipidemia. The high body fat rate is most associated with dyslipidemia.

Observation of liver indexes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with CAR-T-cells based on BCMA / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To observe the characteristics of the evolution of liver indexes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) treated with CAR-T-cells based on BCMA. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed of patients with RRMM who received an infusion of anti-BCMA CAR-T-cells and anti-BCMA combined with anti-CD19 CAR-T-cells at our center between June 1, 2019, and February 28, 2023. Clinical data were collected to observe the characteristics of changes in liver indexes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL) in patients, and its relationship with cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) . Results: Ninety-two patients were included in the analysis, including 41 patients (44.6%) in the group receiving a single infusion of anti-BCMA CAR-T-cells, and 51 patients (55.4%) in the group receiving an infusion of anti-BCMA combined with anti-CD19 CAR-T-cells. After infusing CAR-T-cells, 31 patients (33.7%) experienced changes in liver indexes at or above grade 2, which included 20 patients (21.7%) with changes in one index, five patients (5.4%) with changes in two indexes, and six patients (6.5%) with changes in three or more indexes. The median time of peak values of ALT and AST were d17 and d14, respectively, and the median duration of exceeding grade 2 was 5.0 and 3.5 days, respectively. The median time of peak values of TBIL and DBIL was on d19 and d21, respectively, and the median duration of exceeding grade 2 was 4.0 days, respectively. The median time of onset of CRS was d8, and the peak time of fever was d9. The ALT, AST, and TBIL of patients with CRS were higher than those of patients without CRS (P=0.011, 0.002, and 0.015, respectively). CRS is an independent factor that affects ALT and TBIL levels (OR=19.668, 95% CI 18.959-20.173, P=0.001). The evolution of liver indexes can be reversed through anti-CRS and liver-protection treatments, and no patient died of liver injury. Conclusions: In BCMA-based CAR-T-cell therapy for RRMM, CRS is an important factor causing the evolution of liver indexes. The evolution of liver indexes after CAR-T-cell infusion is transient and reversible after treatment.

Analysis of the current status and related factors of oral nutritional supplements intake among 18-79 years old in Beijing in 2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the current status of taking nutrient supplements for residents aged 18 to 79 years old in Beijing and its related factors. Methods: Data were gathered from the 2017 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program. Multiple classified cluster sampling method was used, and participants aged 18-79 were sampled from 16 districts. The questionnaire included chronic diseases and related risk factors, health knowledge, and oral nutritional supplements within 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to analyze associated factors that affect the intake of nutrient supplements. Results: The weighted prevalence of supplements use was 13.1% among 12 696 subjects within the past 12 months. The proportions of multivitamins (4.7%), B vitamins (4.5%), and folic acid (3.2%) were higher. The prevalence of supplement use of young people (18-39 years old) and the elderly (60-79 years old) was higher than middle-aged people (40-59 years old) (χ2=54.09, P<0.001). Except for the age group of 70-79 years old, the consumption rate of women was significantly higher than that of men (P<0.05). After adjusting age and sex, among patients with hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia, the control rates of blood pressure, glucose and lipids of patients who take nutrient supplements were higher than those who do not (P<0.05). And participants who took nutrient supplements had a more heightened awareness rate of health knowledge, such as the hazards of smoking and second-hand smoke, and recommended amount of salt per day (P<0.001). The multi-factor logistic analysis found that nutrient supplement-related factors include women, old age, higher education level, living in urban, insufficient physical activity, sleeping problems, active physical examination, blood pressure control among patients, and health knowledge (P<0.05). Conclusions: The factors of nutrient supplements use were related to sex, age, education level, health status, and health literacy. We should pay attention to key populations and guide them to establish the correct concept of taking nutrient supplements.

Investigation on knowledge, attitude and behavior of salt reduction in adults of Beijing in 2017 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitude and behavior of salt reduction in adults of Beijing in 2017. Methods: Based on the monitoring data of chronic diseases and corresponding risk factors in adults of Beijing in 2017, the indicators of salt reduction knowledge, attitude and behavior of 13 240 participants aged 18-79 years old were analyzed. The awareness rate, attitude support rate and behavior rate were calculated by complex weighting method, and compared among different age groups, genders, residential areas, and history of hypertension. The proportion of people taking various salt reduction measures to the total number of people was compared. Results: The awareness rate of recommended daily salt intake, the awareness of hypertension caused or aggravated by more salt intake, the attitude support rate and behavior rate of adults were 31.77%, 88.56%, 90.27% and 53.86%, respectively. After weighted adjustment, the awareness rate of recommended daily salt intake was 31.08%, which increased with age (χ2trend=431.56, P<0.001) and education level (χ2trend=95.44, P<0.001). The awareness rate of women was higher than that of men (χ²=118.89, P<0.001), and the awareness rate of population in urban areas was higher than that of population in suburban areas (χ²=34.09, P=0.001). The awareness rate of hypertension caused or aggravated by eating more salt was 86.73%. The support rate of salt reduction attitude was 90.45%. The rate of salt-reducing behavior was 54.05%. Among different salt reduction measures, reducing salt when cooking was the most common measure (52.41%), while the least common one (35.22%) was using low sodium salt. Logistic regression model analysis showed that the gender, age, education level, self-reported history of hypertension, awareness of salt recommendation, awareness of hypertension caused or aggravated by eating more salt, and salt reduction attitude were significantly associated with salt reduction behavior. Conclusion: In 2017, adults in Beijing have a basic understanding of the impact of high-salt diet on health and support salt reduction, but the rate of salt reduction behavior is still relatively low. There are obvious gender and age differences, and the salt reduction measure is simple. Targeted measures should be taken to promote the formation of salt reduction behavior.

A novel phenotype with splicing mutation identified in a Chinese family with desminopathy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Desminopathy, a hereditary myofibrillar myopathy, mainly results from the desmin gene (DES) mutations. Desminopathy involves various phenotypes, mainly including different cardiomyopathies, skeletal myopathy, and arrhythmia. Combined with genotype, it helps us precisely diagnose and treat for desminopathy.@*METHODS@#Sanger sequencing was used to characterize DES variation, and then a minigene assay was used to verify the effect of splice-site mutation on pre-mRNA splicing. Phenotypes were analyzed based on clinical characteristics associated with desminopathy.@*RESULTS@#A splicing mutation (c.735+1G>T) in DES was detected in the proband. A minigene assay revealed skipping of the whole exon 3 and transcription of abnormal pre-mRNA lacking 32 codons. Another affected family member who carried the identical mutation, was identified with a novel phenotype of desminopathy, non-compaction of ventricular myocardium. There were 2 different phenotypes varied in cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy among the 2 patients, but no significant correlation between genotype and phenotype was identified.@*CONCLUSIONS@#We reported a novel phenotype with a splicing mutation in DES, enlarging the spectrum of phenotype in desminopathy. Molecular studies of desminopathy should promote our understanding of its pathogenesis and provide a precise molecular diagnosis of this disorder, facilitating clinical prevention and treatment at an early stage.

Study on the current status of smoking, intention of tobacco concession and related risk factors among 18-65-year olds patients with chronic diseases in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the status,attitude and related risk factors on smoking among 18-65 years old patients with hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma in Beijing.Methods Data was gathered from the 2014 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program.Multiple classified cluster sampling method was used and 19 815 participants aged 18-65 were sampled from 16 districts in Beijing.Results Among all the 18 405 participants,male hypertensive patients showed a higher rate on current smoking than the other groups (x2=17.695,P＜0.001).Male patients with dyslipidemia had higher current smoking rate than the other groups (x2=39.292,P＜0.001).However,female patients with COPD or with asthma showed higher rate on current smoking than the other groups (x2=6.276,P=0.012),(x2=8.245,P=0.004).Among the smokers,hypertensive patients presented lower rate (x2=20.487,P＜0.001) on intention of smoking concession,than the other groups.Patients with COPD showed greater intention in quitting smoking (x2=6.085,P=0.048),than the other groups.Male patients with diabetes (x2=9.219,P=0.010) or dyslipidemia (x2=13.513,P=0.001) who had stopped smoking tobacco appeared having higher rates in keeping the current status.Results from logistic regression analyses showed that smoking was the risk factor for hypertension (OR=1.17),dyslipidemia (OR=1.25),COPD (OR=1.78),and asthma (OR=1.57).Conclusions Patients with certain kinds of chronic diseases showed higher rate of current smoking and lower rate of quitting.Cigarette consumption appeared an important risk factor for patients with hypertension,dyslipidemia,COPD,or asthma in Beijing.

Study on the current status of smoking, intention of tobacco concession and related risk factors among 18-65-year olds patients with chronic diseases in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the status,attitude and related risk factors on smoking among 18-65 years old patients with hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma in Beijing.Methods Data was gathered from the 2014 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program.Multiple classified cluster sampling method was used and 19 815 participants aged 18-65 were sampled from 16 districts in Beijing.Results Among all the 18 405 participants,male hypertensive patients showed a higher rate on current smoking than the other groups (x2=17.695,P＜0.001).Male patients with dyslipidemia had higher current smoking rate than the other groups (x2=39.292,P＜0.001).However,female patients with COPD or with asthma showed higher rate on current smoking than the other groups (x2=6.276,P=0.012),(x2=8.245,P=0.004).Among the smokers,hypertensive patients presented lower rate (x2=20.487,P＜0.001) on intention of smoking concession,than the other groups.Patients with COPD showed greater intention in quitting smoking (x2=6.085,P=0.048),than the other groups.Male patients with diabetes (x2=9.219,P=0.010) or dyslipidemia (x2=13.513,P=0.001) who had stopped smoking tobacco appeared having higher rates in keeping the current status.Results from logistic regression analyses showed that smoking was the risk factor for hypertension (OR=1.17),dyslipidemia (OR=1.25),COPD (OR=1.78),and asthma (OR=1.57).Conclusions Patients with certain kinds of chronic diseases showed higher rate of current smoking and lower rate of quitting.Cigarette consumption appeared an important risk factor for patients with hypertension,dyslipidemia,COPD,or asthma in Beijing.

Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and influence factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and related risk factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypercholesterolemia.Methods The data were collected from Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Survey and stratified cluster sampling method was used to select study subjects,and questionnaire investigation,physical measurement and laboratory examination were conducted to collect information.Results The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and borderline hypercholesterolemia was 6.26％ and 21.34％ respectively in 17 662 residents surveyed,the average total cholesterol level was (4.69 ± 0.95) mmol/L.The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 6.33％ in men and 6.20％ in women,the difference was not significant (Z=1.64,P=0.10).The prevalence was higher inurban area than in suburb (6.73％ vs.5.59％;Z=-7.27,P＜0.01).The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased with age (trend x2=308.85,P＜0.01).The trend was observed in men (trend x2=81.65,P＜0.01),in women (trend x2=318.04,P＜0.01),in urban area (trend x2=201.77,P＜0.01) and in suburb (trend x2=114.65,P＜0.01).Multiple logistic regression showed age,being female (OR=1.23,95％CI:1.04-1.45),overweight (OR=1.56,95％CI:1.34-1.81),obesity (OR=1.82,95％CI:1.54-2.16),smoking (OR=1.24,95％CI:1.03-1.50),alcohol use (OR=1.40,95％CI:1.12-1.75),beef and mutton intake ＞ 1 time per week (OR=1.19,95％CI:1.02-1.39) were risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Beijing was lower than national level,and age,gender,location,BMI,smoking,alcohol use,beef and mutton intake were main influencing factors.

Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and influence factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and related risk factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypercholesterolemia.Methods The data were collected from Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Survey and stratified cluster sampling method was used to select study subjects,and questionnaire investigation,physical measurement and laboratory examination were conducted to collect information.Results The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and borderline hypercholesterolemia was 6.26％ and 21.34％ respectively in 17 662 residents surveyed,the average total cholesterol level was (4.69 ± 0.95) mmol/L.The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 6.33％ in men and 6.20％ in women,the difference was not significant (Z=1.64,P=0.10).The prevalence was higher inurban area than in suburb (6.73％ vs.5.59％;Z=-7.27,P＜0.01).The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased with age (trend x2=308.85,P＜0.01).The trend was observed in men (trend x2=81.65,P＜0.01),in women (trend x2=318.04,P＜0.01),in urban area (trend x2=201.77,P＜0.01) and in suburb (trend x2=114.65,P＜0.01).Multiple logistic regression showed age,being female (OR=1.23,95％CI:1.04-1.45),overweight (OR=1.56,95％CI:1.34-1.81),obesity (OR=1.82,95％CI:1.54-2.16),smoking (OR=1.24,95％CI:1.03-1.50),alcohol use (OR=1.40,95％CI:1.12-1.75),beef and mutton intake ＞ 1 time per week (OR=1.19,95％CI:1.02-1.39) were risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Beijing was lower than national level,and age,gender,location,BMI,smoking,alcohol use,beef and mutton intake were main influencing factors.

Disorders of Ribosomal Proteins and Related Hematologic Diseases -Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Ribosomal proteins are key elements of protein synthesis machinery, ribosome. Besides the essential role in ribosome assembly and protein synthesis, there are lots of extraribosomal functions for ribosomal proteins, ranging from regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis to mediating DNA repair, cellular development and differentiation. Based on the typical features of hematologic system, the ribosomal proteins are related with many hematologic diseases, such as Diamond-Blackfan anemia, 5q- syndrome. In this review, the recent research progress on extraribosomal functions and related hematologic diseases are summarised.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of End-stage Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>End-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is complicated by substantial adverse events. However, few studies have focused on electrocardiographic features and their prognostic values in HCM. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations and prognostic value of electrocardiography in patients with end-stage HCM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>End-stage HCM patients were enrolled from a total of 1844 consecutive HCM patients from April 2002 to November 2013 at Fuwai Hospital. Clinical data, including medical history, electrocardiography, and echocardiography, were analyzed. Cox hazards regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>End-stage HCM was identified in 99 (5.4%) patients, averaged at 52 ± 16 years old at entry. Atrial fibrillation was observed in 53 patients and mural thrombus in 19 patients. During 3.9 ± 3.0 years of follow-up, embolic stroke, refractory heart failure, and death or transplantation were observed in 20, 39, and 51 patients, respectively. The incidence of annual mortality was 13.2%. Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis identified New York Heart Association Class (NYHA) III/IV at entry (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-3.80; P = 0.036), left bundle branch block (LBBB) (HR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.47-5.31; P = 0.002), and an abnormal Q wave (HR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.16-4.23; P = 0.016) as independent predictors of cardiovascular death, in accordance with all-cause death and heart failure-related death.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LBBB and an abnormal Q wave are risk factors of cardiovascular mortality in end-stage HCM and provide new evidence for early intervention. Susceptibility of end-stage HCM patients to mural thrombus and embolic events warrants further attention.</p>

Rehabilitation of occlusion---Science or art? / 实用口腔医学杂志

The procedure of occlusal treatment involves improving the morphology and the stomatognathic function.Several practical methods and morphological endpoints have been described in occlusal rehabilitation.We made a selection of these (mandibular position,oc-clusal plane,occlusal guidance,occlusal contact,face-bow transfer,use of an adjustable articulator and occlusal support)and performed a literature review to verify the existence of compelling scientific evidence for each of these.A literature search was conducted using Medline /PubMed in March 2011.Over 400 abstracts were reviewed,and more than 50 manuscripts selected.An additional hand search was also con-ducted.Of the many studies investigating stomatognathic function in relation to specific occlusal schemes,most studies were poorly designed and of low quality,thus yielding ambiguous results.Overall,there is no scientific evidence that supports any specific occlusal scheme being superior to others in terms of improving stomatognathic function,nor that sophisticated methods are superior to simpler ones in terms of clini-cal outcomes.However,it is obvious that the art of occlusal rehabilitation requires accurate,reproducible,easy and quick procedures to re-duce unnecessary technical failures and /or the requirement for compensatory adjustments.Therefore,despite the lack of scientific evidence for specific treatments,the acquisition of these general skills by dentists and attaining profound knowledge and skills in postgraduate training will be necessary for specialists in charge of complicated cases.

Clinical features,neuroimaging findings and pathological characteristics of 35 patients with demyelinating pseudotumors of brain / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical features,neuroimaging findings and pathological characteristics of demyelinating pseudotumors(DPT)of the brain,and to differentiate it from glioma. Methods The clinical features,neuroimaging findings and pathological characteristics of 35 patients with demyelinating pseudotumors of the brain were summarized,and the diagnosis for 18 of them was confirmed by bioscopy.Results Demyelinating pseudotumors affected adults of both sexes.The onset age of patients ranged from 9 to 69 years old.There was no definite antecedent,and the clinical syndromes were atypical. Neuroimaging scans showed multiple lesions in cerebral hemisphere,while the lesion in brain stem and spinal cord was single.The symptom and neuroimaging were not parallel.While with many or large lesions, the symptoms and signs were less.The lesions were not enhanced on CT scan,but appeared round or patch enhancement on MRI scan.Nine patients with DWI all appeared high density.The myelin basic protein was useful for diagnosis.The typical pathological changes were demyelination,perivascular inflammatory infiltration and reactive gliosis.The Creutzfeuldt cells were also found in these patients.The lesions might become small or disappear after treatment,but could not serve as the criterion to exclude brain neoplasm. Conclusions DPT is a distinct demyelination disease entity,which is confusable with brain neoplasm.It is difficult to distinguish DPT from brain neoplasm with the clinical features and conventional neuroimaging scan.But DWI scan is useful.The pathological changes accord with demyelination,and Creutzfeuldt cells are also found.It is important to apply corticosteroid treatment or biopsy rather than being anxious to excise the lesions.

Effects of nanoscale titanium dioxide on intercellular gap junction communication in human lung fibroblasts / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the effects of nanoscale titanium dioxide(Nano-TiO2) on gap junctional intercellular communication(GJIC) between human lung fibroblasts.Methods: Human lung fibroblasts were exposed to two different sizes Nano-TiO2(25 nm and 80 nm) for 24 hours at the concentrations of 0,10,20,40 and 80 mg/L,respectively.The GJIC between cells was measured by using fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching(FRAP) assay.Results: The results showed that GJIC between cells was significantly inhibited both by 25 nm and 80 nm Nano-TiO2 in a dose-dependent manner.The fluorescence recovery rate was 20.81%?1.93% in control group,7.26%?0.91%(P