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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete various cytokines with angiogenic and neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (hWJ-MSCs) on diabetes-related intracavernosal pressure (ICP) impairment in rats. hWJ-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly and transplanted into the corpus cavernosum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by unilateral injection. The erectile function was evaluated at 4 weeks, as well as the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). STZ-induced diabetic rats showed impaired ICP, which was significantly improved by hWJ-MSC treatment. VEGF, eNOS, IGF1, and bFGF expression levels were higher in hWJ-MSC injection sites than those in control ones in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that hWJ-MSC transplantation might improve diabetic erectile dysfunction through increased production of paracrine growth factors, highlighting a novel potential therapeutic option for erectile dysfunction.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Cell Differentiation , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy , Erectile Dysfunction/therapy , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Umbilical Cord , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Wharton JellyABSTRACT
Objective To determine the oral health， related knowledge and behavior of 12-year-old children in Guoluo Prefecture， Qinghai Province， and provide scientific evidence for policy-making of oral health programs. Methods Six counties were selected by using a multi-stage and stratified sampling strategy. Oral health examination and survey questionnaire were performed according to the instructions of the Fourth National Oral Epidemiology Study. The oral health examination included dental caries and periodontal status. The questionnaire investigated oral health knowledge and behavior. Results The prevalence of caries was 71.6% （288/402）and their DMFT was 2.04±1.90. Approximately 1.2% of deciduous teeth were filled. In the children， 81.3% （327/402） had teeth brush every day， while only 42.0% （169/402） brushed twice or more per day. Moreover， 10.2% （41/402） used fluoride toothpaste； in contrast， 62.2% （250/402） did not use toothpaste appropriately. In addition， the survey on dietary habits showed that 41.3% of the children consumed sweetened food once or more per day. Conclusion Oral health education should be further strengthened to promote oral health in children.
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Objective To determine the oral health， related knowledge and behavior of 12-year-old children in Guoluo Prefecture， Qinghai Province， and provide scientific evidence for policy-making of oral health programs. Methods Six counties were selected by using a multi-stage and stratified sampling strategy. Oral health examination and survey questionnaire were performed according to the instructions of the Fourth National Oral Epidemiology Study. The oral health examination included dental caries and periodontal status. The questionnaire investigated oral health knowledge and behavior. Results The prevalence of caries was 71.6% （288/402）and their DMFT was 2.04±1.90. Approximately 1.2% of deciduous teeth were filled. In the children， 81.3% （327/402） had teeth brush every day， while only 42.0% （169/402） brushed twice or more per day. Moreover， 10.2% （41/402） used fluoride toothpaste； in contrast， 62.2% （250/402） did not use toothpaste appropriately. In addition， the survey on dietary habits showed that 41.3% of the children consumed sweetened food once or more per day. Conclusion Oral health education should be further strengthened to promote oral health in children.
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Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) remote sensing and vegetation index have great potential in the field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. In this study, the visible light image of Polygonatum odoratum planting area in Changyi district of Jilin province were acquired by UAV, and the real-time monitoring of P. odoratum planting area was realized. The green leaf index(GLI) was established, and GLI values of P. odoratum were collected used the spatial sampling points. To compare the GLI values in different periods, it was found that the GLI values of P. odoratum have three stages changing rule of rising-gentle-falling related to the germination, vigorous growth and withered of P. odoratum growth. Meanwhile, the GLI values were compared with four biomass data of P. odoratum, including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in leaves, and it was found that the GLI value was related to the growth potential of P. odoratum. The GLI value with a rapid increase in rising stage or at a high level in the gentle stage means the P. odoratum was in a better growth potential. GLI value has a same change trend with plant height, and has certain correlation with plant height and leaf area. However, there is no obvious relationship between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in leaves and GLI value. The study clarified the change rule of GLI value of P. odoratum, explained the reason for the change of GLI value, and expanded the application range of GLI. The research shows that UAV and vegetation index can be applied to monitoring the Chinese herbal medicines planting, and provides a new idea for exploring more effective information extraction methods of Chinese herbal medicines.
Subject(s)
Chlorophyll A , Plant Leaves , Polygonatum , Remote Sensing TechnologyABSTRACT
Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) and retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP).Methods From May 2004 to September 2013,data from 124 prostate cancer patients were collected.Of them,41 cases underwent RALRP,and 83 cases underwent RRP.The following clinical data was reviewed and analyzed,including operation time,blood loss,transfusion rate,duration of catheterization,time of postoperative hospital stay,postoperative pathology,continence and biochemical recurrence.Results All the operations were successfully performed,without RALRP converted to open surgery.The mean operation time of the RALRP group and the RRP group was 224 min and 165 min,mean blood loss was 266 ml and 659 ml,the transfusion rates were 20％ and 86％,the mean postoperative hospital stay was 16.4 d and 17.9 d,the positive margin rates were 24％ and 10％,the differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).The mean catheterization time was 27.2 d and 23.5 d (P ＞ 0.05).The 6-month,1-year and 2-year biochemical recurrence rates were 8％,21％ and 24％ in RALRP group,and 13％,16％,31％ in RRP group.The 3-month,6-month,1-year and 2-year continence rates were 56％,70％,80％ and 94％ in RALRP group,and 55％,70％,78％ and 79％ in RRP group.For biochemical recurrence and continence rates,there was no significant difference between the 2 groups.Conclusions RALRP possesses advantages of less bleeding and faster recovery.In addition,the effect of postoperative oncology and continence is similar to open surgery.
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Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphological changes occur in the renal vasculature in hydronephrosis and the possible mechanisms involved. A model of complete unilateral ureteral obstruction (CUUO) was used. Experimental animals were divided into five groups: a normal control group (N) and groups of animals at 1st week (O1), 2nd week (O2), 4th week (O4) and 8th week (O8) after CUUO. Blood pressure was measured, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were assessed quantitatively, and renovascular three-dimensional reconstruction was performed on all groups. Glomerular ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the obstructed groups (O1, O2, O4 and O8). Three-dimensional reconstruction showed sparse arterial trees in the O8 group, and a tortuous and sometimes ruptured glomerular basement membrane was found in the O4 and O8 groups. Furthermore, epithelial media thickness and media/lumen ratio were increased, lumen diameters were decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the media was unaltered in the segmental renal artery, interlobar artery and afferent arterioles, respectively. In conclusion, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were dramatically altered following CUUO and the changes may be partially ascribed to vascular remodeling. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of renovascular morphological alterations will enable the development of potential therapeutic approaches for hydronephrosis.
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Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphological changes occur in the renal vasculature in hydronephrosis and the possible mechanisms involved. A model of complete unilateral ureteral obstruction (CUUO) was used. Experimental animals were divided into five groups: a normal control group (N) and groups of animals at 1st week (O1), 2nd week (O2), 4th week (O4) and 8th week (O8) after CUUO. Blood pressure was measured, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were assessed quantitatively, and renovascular three-dimensional reconstruction was performed on all groups. Glomerular ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the obstructed groups (O1, O2, O4 and O8). Three-dimensional reconstruction showed sparse arterial trees in the O8 group, and a tortuous and sometimes ruptured glomerular basement membrane was found in the O4 and O8 groups. Furthermore, epithelial media thickness and media/lumen ratio were increased, lumen diameters were decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the media was unaltered in the segmental renal artery, interlobar artery and afferent arterioles, respectively. In conclusion, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were dramatically altered following CUUO and the changes may be partially ascribed to vascular remodeling. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of renovascular morphological alterations will enable the development of potential therapeutic approaches for hydronephrosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Blood Pressure , Disease Models, Animal , Glomerular Basement Membrane , Pathology , Hydronephrosis , Pathology , Renal Artery , PathologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of naringin of Drynaria Rhizome, a Chinese medical component of Zhuanggu Jianxi Recipe (ZJR) containing serum on caveolin-p38MAPK signal factors (such as caveolin-1, p-p38, p-ATF-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in IL-1β induced rabbit degenerated chondrocytes, and further to explore its mechanism for protecting articular cartilages.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Naringin of Drynaria Rhizome was obtained and analyzed by HPLC-TOF/MS. Four weeks old New Zealand rabbits were killed and their bilateral knee joints were isolated aseptically. CDs were isolated and then cultured in vitro. The second generation of CDs were used for later experiment. The effect of naringin on CDs proliferation was detected by MTT assay. The effect of naringin on the expression of IL-1β-induced collagen II in CDs was detected by immunohistochemical method. The effect of naringin on caveolin-1, p-p38, and p-ATF-2 protein in IL-1β-induced CDs was detected by Western blot. The effect of naringin on mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in IL-1β-induced CDs was detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The appearance time of naringin in flow graphs of naringin standard solution and ZJR containing serum was 23.5 min, and the molecular weight ranged between 581.0 and 581.5 m/z. Naringin could promote the proliferation of CDs, and inhibit the effect of IL-1β on collagen II in CDs. Compared with the model group, naringin could reduce the expression of caveolin-1, p-p38, p-ATF-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α in IL-1β induced CDs (P < 0.05), which was approximate to the level of the normal group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Naringin could not only promote the proliferation of CDs, but also protect IL-1β-induced CDs. Its mechanism might be associated with decreasing the expression of caveolin-1, p-p38, and p-ATF-2 proteins, inhibiting caveolin-p38MAPK signal pathway, and further reducing mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the downstream of caveolin-p38MAPK signal pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Blotting, Western , Cartilage, Articular , Caveolins , Chondrocytes , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Flavanones , Pharmacology , Interleukin-1beta , Metabolism , Polypodiaceae , Rhizome , Signal Transduction , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Metabolism , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of Zhuanggu Jianxi Decoction (, ZGJXD) on interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β)-induced degeneration of chondrocytes (CDs) as well as the activation of caveolin-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway, investigating the possible molecular mechanism that ZGJXD treats osteoarthritis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum pharmacology was applied in the present study, where ZGJXD was orally administrated to New Zealand rabbits and then ZGJXD containing serum (ZGJXD-S) was collected for following in vitro experiments. CDs were isolated aseptically from New Zealand rabbits and then cultured in vitro. Upon IL-1 β stimulation, the degeneration of CDs was verified by inverted microscope, toluidine blue stain and type II collagen immunocytochemistry. After IL-1 β-stimulated CDs were intervened with blank control serum, ZGJXD-S, together with or without SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK) for 48 h, caveolin-1 protein expression and the phosphorylation level of p38 were determined by Western blotting, and the mRNA expression of IL-1 β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and MMP-13 were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IL-1 β stimulation induced degeneration of CDs, increased caveolin-1 expression and p38 phosphorylation, up-regulated the mRNA level of IL-1 β, TNF-α, MMP-3 and MMP-13. However, the IL-1 β-induced activation of caveolin-p38 signaling and alteration in the expression of p38 downstream target genes were suppressed by ZGJXD-S and/or SB203580 in CDs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ZGJXD can prevent CDs degeneration via inhibition of caveolin-p38 MAPK signal pathway, which might be one of the mechanisms that ZGJXD treats osteoarthritis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Base Sequence , Blotting, Western , Caveolins , Metabolism , Chondrocytes , Metabolism , DNA Primers , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Gene Expression Profiling , Interleukin-1beta , Physiology , MAP Kinase Signaling System , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the prevalence of ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer and its correlation with patient's clinicopathologic index.Methods Ninety-one samples from prostate needle biopsy cases with median age 75 (55-90) years and 18 samples from radical prostatectomy cases with median age 72 (63-81) years were collected from Oct.2010 to Feb.2012.TMPRSS2-ERG,TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were tested by multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay.Fusion positive and negative cases were compared with age,TNM stage,Gleason score (median Gleason score 7 (6-9)),and PSA value (median PSA 33.4 μg/L,mcan PSA 118.8 μg/L).In needle biopsy cases,there were early stage 32 (34％),locally advanced prostate cancer 36 (40％),metastasis 23 (26％) ; in radical prostatectomy cases,there were 9 cases in T2 stage,8 cases in T3 stage,1 cases in T4a stage,respectively.Results TMPRSS2-ERG fusions were present in 14.3％ (13/91,95％ confidence interval,0.071-0.215)biopsy specimens and in 11.1％ (2/18,95％ confidence interval,0-0.256) radical prostatectomy specimens.No TMPRSS2-ETV1 or TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were found in any cases.Altogether,13 (86.7％)cases possessed deletion pattern.And 7 (46.6％) hold insertion pattern.5 cases had both deletion and insertion pattern.38.5％ (5/13) deletion pattern had distant metastasis.Except one metastatic case harbored both deletion and insertion pattern,there was no insertion pattern accompanied with metastasis.There were no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age (P =1.000),PSA (P =1.138),primary Gleason score (P=2.186),Gleason score (P=2.107),TNM stage (P=2.052) and Risk Degree (P=2.597).Conclusions The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion positive cases harbor more deletion pattern than insertion pattern.There are no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age,PSA,Gleason score,TNM stage and Risk Degree.
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Objective To evaluate the application of three-dimensional measurement and computer-aided navigation system in treatment of orbitozygomatic complex fiacture.Methods Pre-and post-operative three-dimensional measurements were taken by Mimics software to locate the zygomatic bones of 15 patients with orbitozygomatic complex ftacture to determine distance of optical foramen to zygomaticotemporal suture (On-Zm)/ zygomaticofrontal suture (On-Or)/zygomaticomaxillary suture (OnTz),horizontal angle of zygomatic arch,horizontal angle of the zygomatic process,and inferior angel of the frontal process of zygomatic bone.Preoperative design and simulation,intraoperative real time navigation and postoperative evaluation were applied using computer assisted navigation system.Results OnTz,On-Or,and On-Zm was (48.6-±4.5)mm,(42.5±2.2)mm,and (47.5±3.2)mmin the unaffected side,but was (50.4 ± 2.2) mm,(37.2 ± 1.0) mm,and (53.4 ± 3.6) mm in the affected side before operation (P ＜ 0.05).Whereas On-Tz,On-Or,and On-Zm improved to (46.4 ± 3.7) mm,(41.2 ± 1.8) mm,and (46.4 ± 2.5) mm in the affected side after operation,similar with the values in the unaffected side (P ＜ 0.05).Horizontal angle of zygomatic arch,horizontal angle of the zygomatic process,and inferior angel of the frontal process of zygomatic bone was (144.7 ±4.1)°,(132.5 ± 2.3)°,and (112.0 ± 3.4)° in the affected side,with significant differences from (150.3 ± 8.0)°,(141.1 ±4.2)°,and (114.9 ±5.1)° in the affected side before operation (P ＜0.05),but they were improved to almost the normal values (144.6 ± 4.1) o,(132.8 ± 2.0) °,and (111.9 ± 3.6) ° after operation.Satisfactory surgical outcomes,such as three dimensional symmetry and recovery of normal mouth-openingand occlusion,had been achieved.Conclusions Three-dimensional measurement is a quantitative study on the spatial displacement of orbitozygomatic complex.Combined with computer-assisted navigation system with preoperative design and simulation,intraoperative real time navigation and postoperative evaluation,three-dimensional measurement attains the overall management of orbitozygomatic complex fracture.
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Objective To discuss the risk factors,clinical characteristics,treatment protocol and prognosis of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in children with hemophilia.Methods Twenty-four hemophilic children with ICH,which were registered in hospital between Jan.2005 and Dec.2012,were reviewed retrospectively.Results (1) Fifteen patients were hemophilia A and 9 patients were hemophilia B,all boys.The mean age of ICH was 1 year and 7 months old.The 70.8％ of patients were less than 3 years old,among whom hemophilia was diagnosed after ICH in more than 88.9％.The 87.5％ of patients had moderate or severe disease,and 37.5％ had head trauma before ICH.(2) The clinical symptoms were high cranial pressure,anemia,disturbance of consciousness,seizure,hemiplegia.(3) ICH position:cerebral hemorrhage with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 7 patients,ventricular hemorrhage 2 patients,subdural hemorrhage with SAH in 10 patients,extradural hemorrhage 5 patients.(4)All patients were given blood coagulation factor replacement therapy,5 patients by operation.(5)Thirteen patients had not sequelae,9 patients had sequelae and 2 patients died.Conclusions The risk factors of ICH in hemophilic children include ages less than 3 years old,moderate or severe disease.Some patients have no predispositions.The clinical symptoms of patients are similar with normal children suffering from ICH.The keys of treatment are early diagnosis,early treatment and adequate course of treatment.Surgical operation could be in treatment after coagulation function gets corrected back to normal.
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Aim: To preliminarily investigate the antioxidant activity of the acidic exopolysaccharide(EPS-A) from cultivated Cordyceps sisnensis in vitro and in vivo. Methods: PC12 cells were injured by H_2O_2 after the cells were treated with different doses of EPS-A for 6 h, and then the levels of malondialdelyde( MDA) and superoxide dis-mutase (SOD) in PC12 cells were determined. H22 cells were inoculated into the right oxter of each mouse after ICR mice were treated with EPS-A for 7 days, and tumor-bearing mice were treated with EPS-A for 7 days. MDA level and SOD activity in liver, brain and serum were assayed, and tumor weight of each mouse was measured as well. Results: EPS-A significantly decreased the production of MDA and increased SOD activity in H_2O_2-injured PC12 cells. Moreover, EPS-A inhibited H22 tumor growth in mice, in which the level of MDA in liver and brain was reduced, and SOD activity in liver, brain and serum was enhanced. Conclusion: EPS-A exhibited antioxidant activity in cell cultures and mice.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare highly specific chicken egg yolk IgY antibody against human papillomavirus 16 type L1 main capsid protein (HPV16L1) for detection of HPV16L1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Purified HPV16L1 protein was used to immunize the hens, from which the eggs were collected since one week after the first immunization. The egg yolk was separated and the IgY antibody purified by PEG-6000 method. The bioactivity of the antibody was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the HPV16L1 in the CHO cells transfected with the recombinant pcDNA-EGFP-HPV16L1 plasmid (containing EGFP-HPV16L1 fusion gene) for assessing the specific affinity of IgY to HPV16L1.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 3 immunizations of the hens, the titer of the purified IgY antibody against HPV16L1 from the egg yolk reached 1:10240. The IgY bound specifically to the EGFP-HPV16L1 protein expressed in the transfected CHO cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High titer IgY can be prepared by immunization of the hens with HPV16L1 protein, and the prepared IgY can be used for HPV16L1 detection at the cellular level.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Humans , Mice , Antibodies, Viral , Allergy and Immunology , Antibody Specificity , Allergy and Immunology , CHO Cells , Capsid Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Chickens , Cricetulus , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Immunization , Methods , Immunoglobulins , Allergy and Immunology , Immunohistochemistry , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Oncogene Proteins, Viral , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Recombinant Fusion Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , TransfectionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the differenal protein expression profiles of ovarian tumor cell lines with distinct metastatic abilities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ovarian cancer cell line HO8910 and HO8910pm, derived from same parental cells but exhibited different metastatic ability, were investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-MALDI-TOF-MS proteomic approach.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-nine proteins were detected by 2-DE to have expression disparity levels over 2 folds between two cell lines. Eighteen of them were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. The proteins are involved in apoptosis, extra cellular matrix (ECM), cytoskeleton, growth factor, glycolysis, protein metabolism and immune system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The data are valuable for the identification of differentially expressed proteins involved in the biological behavior of human ovarian cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Neoplasm Metastasis , Ovarian Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Proteomics , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze different transurethral surgical methods for the treatment of small-size benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in order to improve the curative effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 52 cases of small-size BPH treated by transurethral surgery were reviewed and analyzed. Of the total number, 12 underwent transurethral prostate resection (TURP), 18 TURP plus transurethral incision of the bladder neck (TUIBN) and 22 TURP plus transurethral resection of the bladder neck (TURBN). The curative effect of the three different surgical methods was evaluated by international prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the TURP group, 3 cases were complicated with contracture of the bladder neck, and the IPSS, Qmax and PVR were (12.2 +/- 3.2), (11.7 +/- 2.6) ml/s and (27.6 +/- 13.0) ml, respectively. In the TURP + TUIBN group, there was only 1 case of the complication and the three indices were respectively (8.6 +/- 3.2), (16.7 +/- 3.0) ml/s and (20.0 +/- 8.0) ml. No complication was observed in the TURP + TURBN group and the three indices were (6.2 +/- 3.0), (22.7 +/- 3.1) ml/s and (8.0 +/- 4.0) ml, respectively. No statistical difference (P > 0.05) was found in IPSS, Qmax and PVR among the three groups before the operation, but significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed after it. The curative effect was better in the TURP + TUIBN group than in the TURP, but was the best in the TURP + TURBN.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TURP + TURBN, being more effective than TURP + TUIBN, should be used as the first option for the surgical treatment of small-size BPH. The key to the operation is to thoroughly remove not only the hyperplastic gland but also the pathological changes of the bladder neck.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatic Hyperplasia , General Surgery , Transurethral Resection of Prostate , Methods , Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen for siRNAs that inhibit the expression of p42(MAPK) in HeLa cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three p42(MAPK) siRNAs and one random siRNA were synthesized using Silencer siRNA Construction Kit, and labeled with Cy-3 for measurement of transfection effect. SiRNAs were transfected into HeLa cells by Lipofectamin 2000. The expression of p42(MAPK) was analyzed by Western blot. The biological effect of siRNAs on HeLa cell growth was monitored by MTT and flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two siRNAs (siRNA-2 and siRNA-3) among three tested were identified to be able to downregulate the p42(MAPK) expression. A concurrent growth retardation of HeLa cell line was observed in comparison with the control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Inhibition of p42(MAPK) expression with siRNA technique can inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Cycle , Cell Proliferation , Cell Survival , Flow Cytometry , HeLa Cells , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 , Genetics , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , TransfectionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-induced MAPK p42 silencing on the survival of HeLa cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two siRNAs targeting at the MAPK p42 gene and one random siRNA were synthesized respectively by Silencer siRNA Construction Kit and transfected into HeLa cells by Lipofectamin 2000. The expression of p42(MAPK) in the transfected HeLa cells was analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, and the morphology of cells were observed with electron microscope. TUNEL assay and Annexin V/PI staining were employed for detecting the cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of p42(MAPK) in the HeLa cells was remarkably suppressed after transfection with the two siRNAs, reduced by about 2.5 and 3.2 folds respectively in comparison with the negative control. Chromatin margination in the cell nuclei were observed in the transfected cells, and TUNEL assay and Annexin V/PI staining further confirmed the occurrence of cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro MAPK p42 siRNA-1 and siRNA-2 transfection can specifically silence the gene expression and induce apoptosis of HeLa cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Physiology , Gene Silencing , Physiology , HeLa Cells , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 , Genetics , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , TransfectionABSTRACT
To investigate the possible mechanism of apoptosis induced by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) combined with horseradish peroxidase in leukemia cell line K562, cell proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cell were examined by MTT assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), respectively; the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the quantitative change of MDA were measured by biochemical method; changes of free radical were determined by 2, 7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe with confocal microscopy. The results showed that of MTT assay and TUNEL indicated that IAA/HRP could significantly inhibit cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and induce apoptosis of K562 cell (P < 0.01), at the same time a positive correlation was found between apoptosis rate and IAA concentration (r = 0.971, P < 0.01). The activity of SOD and the quantitative of MDA increased, accompanied with a rise in IAA concentration. Results detected by DCFH-DA probe indicated that the fluorescence intensity of intracellular free radical increased, as compared with control, and a positive correlation was found. It is concluded that IAA/HRP can inhibit proliferation of K562 cells and induce K562 cell apoptosis, its mechanism may be related with the increase of intracellular free radical due to the effects of IAA/HRP.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Cell Survival , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Synergism , Horseradish Peroxidase , Pharmacology , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Indoleacetic Acids , Pharmacology , K562 Cells , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive , Metabolism , Pathology , Microscopy, Confocal , Reactive Oxygen Species , Metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase , Metabolism , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore mechanisms of the augmented anti-tumor immunity observed in reconstituted lymphopenic mice (RLM) receiving melanoma vaccination.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study is to investigate the anti-tumor immunity of tumor vaccination during early immune reconstitution period following irradiation and cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced lymphopenia. Lymphopenic mice were subsequently reconstituted with naive splenocytes from syngeneic mice and immunized with irradiated melanoma cells F10 (irradiation experiment) and GM-CSF-modified D5 melanoma cells (D5-G6) (CY experiment). Controls included normal C57BL/6 mice receiving the corresponding vaccination, un-immunized naive mice and RLM. 8 - 10 days after vaccination, tumor vaccine draining lymph nodes (TVDLN) were harvested and phenotyped by FACS analysis. T cells purified from TVDLN were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-TCRbeta and proliferation was assessed by [(3)H]-TdR incorporation and FACS assay was performed for CD69 expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The augmented anti-tumor immunity correlated with a significant increase in the percentage of T cells with activation/memory phenotype in the TVDLN of vaccinated RLM, compared to that of the controls. There was also a significant increase in the density of DCs in TVDLNs. The activation threshold of T cells generated from vaccinated RLM was significantly decreased, resulting in markedly enhanced proliferating capability upon anti-CD3 stimulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggests that the augmented anti-tumor immunity observed in vaccinated RLM is due to down regulated activation threshold of T cells during lymphopenia-driven T cell proliferation, which may in turn facilitate the breaking down of immune tolerance to weak tumor antigens upon vaccination with tumor cell vaccines.</p>