ABSTRACT
Recent progress in understanding the biology of keratins together with the development of monoclonal antibodies to individual keratin proteins provide the foundation for studying the keratin expression in normal and pathological oral epithelia. Cytokeratin (CK) alterations have been reported in carcinomas and these have been associated with specific aspects of tumour behaviour. Immunohisto-chemistry with monospecific CK19 antibody was used to study the expression pattern in normal mucosa, dysplasias, and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). In non-keratinzed normal mucosa, CK19 was detected in the basal cell layer, while in dysplasias (diagnosed in H and E stained sections, mild-severe) stained strongly for CK 19 in the basal and supra basal cell layers indicating layer specificity for CK 19 expression. In OSCC, in the number of CK19 labelled cells increased from well to poorly differentiated tumour. Thus the results of the present study indicate an alteration in synthesis of keratin proteins when exposed to carcinogens.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Coloring Agents/diagnosis , Epithelium/pathology , Fluorescent Dyes/diagnosis , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Immunohistochemistry , Keratins/analysis , Leukoplakia, Oral/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
To evaluate the antiemetic effect of ondansetron in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery. It was a randomized placebo controlled, double blind study of 100 children between 5-15 years of age with American Society of Anaesthesiologists [ASA] status I and II undergoing strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia.. Patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. One group was given normal saline while the other received 75ug/kg1 of ondansetron pre operatively. Children were monitored for the number of emetic episodes, and the need for a rescue antiemetic. There was significantly high P< 0.05 frequency of vomiting 30 patients 60% in group receiving normal saline when compared to ondansetron group 15 patients 30%. The incidence of early vomiting [0-4 hour] and the need for rescue antiemetic were also very low in patients receiving ondansetron when compared with the saline group. Ondansetron was found to an effective drug in preventing nausea and vomiting postoperatively in children undergoing strabismus surgery
Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Nausea , Vomiting , Child , Strabismus/surgery , AntiemeticsABSTRACT
Sesenta familias, detectadas a través de un sólo probando, han ayudado a definir mejor el autismo infantil como un grupo nosológico heterogéneo. Cuarenta y cuatro probandos presentaron una característica displasia facio-auricular. Veinticuatro de ellos tenían acidemia láctico-pirúvica signos químicos de acidosis metabólica, es decir incremento del hiato aniótico por encima de 18 mEq/lt, o bicarbonato sérico por debajo de 21 mEq/lt. En 17 pacientes los aminoácidos estaban significativamente disminuídos (p<0.05) por debajo del valor de referencia en controles apareados; la taurina, los ácidos glutámico y aspártico estaban significativamente elevados (p<0.05; prueba "t" de Student). El análisis de segregación para herencia recesiva, en treinta y cuatro de estas familias, las cuales ligaban a través de por lo menos un apellido ancestral, sugiere herencia recesiva (p=0.20) en este grupo. Tres de ocho probandos que recibieron megadosis de piridoxina, subjetivamente ganaron habilidades de lenguaje, afectividad y respuesta a terapia conductual. Cinco pacientes tenían síndromes clínicamente definidos: dos varones con el síndrome de Martin-Bell, una niña afectada con el síndrome de Rett, una con fenilcetonuria y una con aciduria dicarboxilica