ABSTRACT
Two new 2-carboxymethyl-3-hexyl-maleic anhydride derivatives, arthrianhydride A (1) and B (2), along with three known compounds 3-5, were isolated from the fermentation broth of a grasshopper-associated fungus Arthrinium sp. NF2410. The structures of new compounds 1 and 2 were determined based on the analysis of the HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated on inhibitory activity against the enzyme SHP2 and both of them showed moderate inhibitory activity against SHP2.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anhydrides/pharmacology , Biological Products/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Fungi/chemistry , Grasshoppers/microbiology , Molecular Structure , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/antagonists & inhibitors , Secondary MetabolismABSTRACT
Replacement of the native promoter of theglobal regulator LaeA-like gene of Daldinia eschscholzii by a strong gpdA promoter led to the generation of two novel cyclopentenone metabolites, named dalestones A and B, whose structures were assigned by a combination of spectroscopic analysis, modified Mosher's reaction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Dalestones A and B inhibit the gene expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.
ABSTRACT
Three new phenazine-type compounds, named phenazines SA-SC (1-3), together with four new natural products (4-7), were isolated from the fermentation broth of an earwig-associated Streptomyces sp. NA04227. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive analyses of NMR, high resolution mass spectroscopic data, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. Sequencing and analysis of the genome data allowed us to identify the gene cluster (spz) and propose a biosynthetic pathway for these phenazine-type compounds. Additionally, compounds 1-5 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and compound 3 showed antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chemistry , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Crystallography, X-Ray , Insecta , Microbiology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Micrococcus luteus , Molecular Structure , Multigene Family , Phenazines , Chemistry , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Streptomyces , Chemistry , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the solid culture of the endophyte Phomopsis sp. IFB-E060 in Vatica mangachapoi.@*METHOD@#Isolation and purification were performed through silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration over Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography, and HPLC. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses (UV, CD, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR). The cytotoxicity of the isolates was evaluated in vitro by the MTT method against the human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721.@*RESULTS@#Five compounds were isolated from the solid culture of the endophyte Phomopsis sp. IFB-E060 and their structures were identified as 18-methoxy cytochalasin J (1), cytochalasin H (2), (22E, 24S)-cerevisterol (3), ergosterol (4), and nicotinic acid (5). Compound 1 had an inhibition rate of 24.4% at 10 μg·mL(-1) and 2 had an IC50 value of 15.0 μg·mL(-1), while a positive control 5-fluorouracil had an inhibition rate of 28.7% at 10 μg·mL(-1).@*CONCLUSION@#18-Methoxy cytochalasin J (1), produced by endophytic Phomopsis sp. IFB-E060, is a new cytochalasin with weak cytotoxicity to the human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721.
Subject(s)
Humans , Ascomycota , Chemistry , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Survival , Cytochalasins , Chemistry , Toxicity , Endophytes , Chemistry , Magnoliopsida , Microbiology , Molecular Structure , Plant Bark , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
The different components of crude mycelium of the predominant endophytic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of Artemisa annua have been extracted by the methods of acid hydrolysate. We compared the effect of the isolated components on artemisin biosynthesis in hairy root cultures. Therefore, the oligosaccharide elicitor from C. gloeosporioides has been partially purified by column chromatography of Sephadex G25. The isolated oligosaccharide B II (elicitor, MW < 2500) has been revealed to promote the production of artemisinin in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures. When hairy roots of 23-day old cultures (later growth phase) were exposed to the elicitor at 0.4 mg/mL for 4 days, the maximum production of artemisinin reached to 13.51 mg/L, a 51.63% increase over the control. This is the first report on the stimulation of artemisinin production in hairy roots by the oligosaccharide elicitor from an endophytic fungus of A. annua.