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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 37(1): e370105, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1364250

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate how the induction of liver damage by ischemia and reperfusion affects the adipose tissue of lean and obese mice. Methods: Lean and diet-induced obese mice were subjected to liver ischemia (30 min) followed by 6 h of reperfusion. The vascular stromal fraction of visceral adipose tissue was analyzed by cytometry, and gene expression was evaluated by an Array assay and by RT-qPCR. Intestinal permeability was assessed by oral administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and endotoxemia by serum endotoxin measurements using a limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Results: It was found that, after liver ischemia and reperfusion, there is an infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, as well as an increase in the gene expression that encode cytokines, chemokines and their receptors in the visceral adipose tissue of lean mice. This inflammatory response was associated with the presence of endotoxemia in lean mice. However, these changes were not observed in the visceral adipose tissue of obese mice. Conclusions: Liver ischemia and reperfusion induce an acute inflammatory response in adipose tissue of lean mice characterized by an intense chemokine induction and leukocyte infiltration; however, inflammatory alterations are already present at baseline in the obese adipose tissue and liver ischemia and reperfusion do not injure further.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Reperfusion Injury/veterinary , Interleukin-6 , Endotoxins/analysis , Intra-Abdominal Fat/physiopathology , Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/analysis
2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(2): 98-102, Apr.-June 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-885711

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: MTUYH and OGG1 genes have importance in the base excision repair systems of oxidized DNA bases. Modification of the tissue expression of these genes is related to the increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Aim: To evaluate the tissue expression of MUTYH and OGG1 comparing normal and neoplastic tissues of patients with sporadic colorectal cancer and to correlate it with clinical and histopathological variables. Method: MUTYH and OGG1 tissue expression was quantified by RT-PCR in patients with colorectal cancer and the values were compared in normal and neoplastic tissues. MUTYH and OGG1 expression was measured and normalized to the constitutive 18S gene. The level of expression of both genes was correlated with the variables: age, gender, tumor location, size of the tumor, histological type, degree of cell differentiation, invasion depth in the intestinal wall, angiolymphatic infiltration, lymph node involvement and TNM staging. Results: Was found downregulation of both genes in neoplastic when compared to normal tissue. There was downregulation of the MUTYH in larger tumors and in patients with angiolymphatic invasion. Tumors with more advanced TNM stages (III and IV) presented downregulation of both genes when compared to those with earlier stages (I and II). Conclusion: The MUTYH and OGG1 genes present downregulation in the more advanced stages of colorectal cancer.


RESUMO Racional: Os genes MUTYH e OGG1 possuem importância nos sistemas de reparo por excisão de bases oxidadas do DNA. Modificação na expressão tecidual desses genes encontra-se relacionada ao maior risco do desenvolvimento do câncer colorretal. Objetivo: Avaliar a expressão tecidual dos genes MUTYH e OGG1 comparando tecidos normais e neoplásicos de portadores de câncer colorretal esporádico e correlacioná-la com variáveis clínicas e histopatológicas. Método: Avaliou-se por PCR, em tempo real, a expressão tecidual dos genes MUTYH e OGG1 em 49 portadores de câncer colorretal comparando tecidos normais e neoplásicos. A expressão dos genes MUTYH e OGG1 foi quantificada e normalizada com o gene constitutivo 18S. A intensidade de expressão de ambos os genes foi correlacionada as variáveis: idade, gênero, localização do tumor, tamanho do tumor, tipo histológico, grau de diferenciação celular, profundidade de invasão na parede intestinal, invasão angiolinfática, linfonodos comprometidos e estadiamento TNM. Resultados: Encontrou-se menor expressão de ambos os genes no tecido neoplásico quando comparado ao tecido normal. Houve menor expressão do gene MUTYH nos tumores com maiores dimensões e nos doentes que apresentavam invasão angiolinfática. Tumores com estadios mais avançados (III e IV) apresentavam expressão menor de ambos os genes quando comparados àqueles com estadios mais precoces (I e II). Conclusão: Os genes MUTYH e OGG1 apresentam menor expressão tecidual nos estadios mais avançados do câncer colorretal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , DNA Glycosylases/genetics , Prospective Studies
3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(4): 302-308, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732199

ABSTRACT

Context Intestinal inflammation can induce a local reduction in oxygen levels that triggers an adaptive response centered on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Nitric oxide, a well-described inflammatory mediator, may interfere with hypoxia signaling. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the role of nitric oxide in hypoxia signaling during colonic inflammation. Methods Colitis was induced by single (acute) or repeated (reactivated colitis) trinitrobenzenosulfonic acid administration in rats. In addition, one group of rats with reactivated colitis was also treated with Nw-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride to block nitric oxide synthase. Colitis was assessed by macroscopic score and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon samples. Hypoxia was determined using the oxygen-dependent probe, pimonidazole. The expression of HIF-1α and HIF-induced factors (vascular endothelial growth factor - VEGF and apelin) was assessed using Western blotting. Results The single or repeated administration of trinitrobenzenosulfonic acid to rats induced colitis which was characterized by a high macroscopic score and myeloperoxidase activity. Hypoxia was observed with both protocols. During acute colitis, HIF-1α expression was not increased, but VEGF and apelin were increased. HIF-1α expression was inhibited during reactivated colitis, and VEGF and apelin were not increased. Nw-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride blockade during reactivated colitis restored HIF-1α, VEGF and apelin expression. Conclusions Nitric oxide could interfere with hypoxia signaling during reactivated colitis inflammation modifying the expression of proteins regulated by HIF-1α. .


Contexto A inflamação intestinal pode induzir uma redução local nos níveis de oxigênio e ativar uma resposta adaptativa relacionada à expressão de fatores induzíveis por hipóxia (HIFs). O óxido nítrico, um mediador inflamatório bem descrito, pode interferir com a sinalização de hipóxia. Objetivos O objetivo foi avaliar o papel do óxido nítrico na sinalização de hipóxia durante a inflamação colônica. Métodos A colite foi induzida em ratos pela administração única (aguda) ou repetida (com reativações) de ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico. Adicionalmente, um grupo de ratos de colite com reativações foi também tratado com Nw-Nitro-L-arginina metil éster para inibir a óxido nítrico sintase. A colite foi avaliada através do escore macroscópico e da atividade de mieloperoxidase em amostras de cólon. A hipóxia foi determinada usando uma sonda dependente de oxigênio, o pimonidazol. A expressão de HIF-1α e de fatores induzidos pelo HIF (factor de crescimento endotelial vascular - VEGF e apelina) foi avaliada pela técnica de Western blotting. Resultados A administração única ou repetida de ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico a ratos induziu colite que foi caracterizada por um alto escore macroscópico e alta atividade de mieloperoxidase. Hipóxia foi observada em ambos os protocolos. Durante a colite aguda, a expressão de HIF-1α não aumentou, enquanto a de VEGF e apelina aumentou. A expressão de HIF-1α esteve inibida durante a colite com reativações e, a expressão de VEGF e apelina não se modificou. O bloqueio com Nw-Nitro-L-arginina metil éster durante a colite com reativações restabeleceu a expressão de HIF-1α, VEGF e ...


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Colitis/metabolism , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Colitis/chemically induced , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/analysis , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Rats, Wistar
4.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 32(4): 343-358, Oct.-Dec. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-678266

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to verify if oxidative stress is related to changes in content and pattern of β-catenin protein expression in an experimental model of diversion colitis. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were submitted to intestinal bypass. The animals were divided into three groups according to the sacrifice to take place in six, 12 and 18 weeks. For each group, five animals only underwent laparotomy (control). The presence of colitis was diagnosed by histological study, and its severity, by inflammation grading scale. Cellular oxidative stress was measured by comet assay. Tissue expression of β-catenin protein was analyzed by the immunohistochemistry and quantification of its tissue content by computerized morphometry. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t-test, median, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis, adopting a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: Colon segments without fecal stream developed colitis, which worsened with time of exclusion. Segments without fecal stream suffer higher levels of oxidative stress when compared to those with stream, and it worsens with time of exclusion. The levels of cellular oxidative stress are directly related to the degree of inflammation. The total content of ß-catenin in segments without fecal stream reduces after six weeks, and does not vary thereafter. The content of β-catenin in the apical portion of the colon crypts decreases with time, whereas in the basal region, it increases. The total content of ß-catenin is inversely related to the degree of inflammation and levels of tissue oxidative stress levels. CONCLUSION: There are changes in tissue content of E-cadherin and increased expression of ß-catenin in proliferative regions of colonic crypts, related with oxidative tissue stress. (AU)


OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a relação entre estresse oxidativo e conteúdo tecidual de β-catenina em modelo experimental de colite de exclusão. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à derivação intestinal e divididos em três grupos experimentais segundo o sacrifício ser realizado em 6, 12 e 18 semanas. Para cada grupo, cinco animais foram submetidos apenas a laparotomia (controle). A colite foi diagnosticada por estudo histológico, enquanto sua intensidade por escala de graduação inflamatória. Os níveis de estresse oxidativo foram mensurados pelo ensaio cometa, enquanto a expressão e o conteúdo tecidual de ß-catenina por imunoistoquímica e morfometria computadorizada, respectivamente. Os resultados foram analisados pelos testes t de Student, Mann Whitney, ANOVA e Kruskal-Wallis, estabelecendo-se nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Nos segmentos sem trânsito fecal ocorre desenvolvimento de colite que piora com o tempo de exclusão. Segmentos sem trânsito sofrem maiores níveis de estresse oxidativo quando comparados àqueles com trânsito, piorando com o tempo de exclusão. Os níveis de estresse oxidativo encontram-se diretamente relacionados a piora da inflamação. O conteúdo total de ß-catenina no cólon sem trânsito reduz após seis semanas de exclusão. O conteúdo de ß-catenina no ápice das criptas cólicas diminui com o tempo, enquanto na região basal, aumenta. O conteúdo total da β-catenina encontra-se inversamente relacionado ao grau de inflamação e aos níveis de estresse oxidativo. CONCLUSÃO: Existe redução no conteúdo de ß-catenina, principalmente no ápice das glândulas cólicas e aumento nas regiões basais, relacionadas à piora do estresse oxidativo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Colitis/chemically induced , Oxidative Stress , Jejunoileal Bypass , beta Catenin/chemistry
5.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 39(1): 48-53, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-625249

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a expressão tecidual do gene de reparo MGMT comparando a mucosa cólica normal e neoplásica em doentes com câncer colorretal. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 44 portadores de adenocarcinoma colorretal confirmado por estudo histopatológico. Foram excluídos doentes suspeitos de pertencerem a famílias com câncer colorretal hereditário (HNPCC e PAF) e os portadores de câncer do reto médio e inferior submetidos a tratamento quimioradioterápico neoadjuvante. A expressão do gene MGMT foi avaliada pela técnica da reação de polimerase em cadeia em tempo real (RT-PCR). A comparação dos resultados encontrados para expressão do gene MGMT entre tecidos normais e neoplásicos foi feita pelo teste t de Student pareado, adotando-se nível de significância de 5% (p <0,05). RESULTADOS: A expressão tecidual do gene MGMT em todos os doentes foi menor no tecido neoplásico quando comparada a do tecido normal (p=0,002). CONCLUSÃO: O gene de reparo MGMT encontra-se menos expresso no tecido neoplásico quando comparados aos tecidos normais em portadores de CCR esporádico.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression of tissue repair gene MGMT by comparing normal and neoplastic colonic mucosa in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: We studied 44 patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by histopathology. We excluded patients suspected of belonging to families with hereditary colorectal cancer (HNPCC and FAP) and patients with cancer of the lower or medium rectum treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The MGMT gene expression was assessed by the technique of polymerase chain reaction in real time (RT-PCR). The comparison of results for MGMT gene expression between normal and neoplastic tissues was made by paired Student's t test, adopting a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: Tissue expression of the MGMT gene in all patients was lower in tumor tissue when compared to normal tissue (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The repair gene MGMT is less expressed in tumor tissue compared to normal tissues in patients with sporadic CRC.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , DNA Modification Methylases/genetics , DNA Repair Enzymes/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics , Colon , Intestinal Mucosa
6.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 42(4): 1289-1295, Oct.-Dec. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-614586

ABSTRACT

Prevalence of H. pylori infection was determined using cultures of gastric biopsy samples of patients attended at the academic hospital of the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Molecular methods were used to characterize the cagA and vacA genes from bacterial isolates associated with different diseases presented by patients. Out of a total of 81, forty-two gastric biopsy samples tested were positive for H. pylori, with a prevalence of 51.9 percent. No significant difference was found with regard to the gender (p=0.793) and age (p=0.183) of the patients. Genotype s1m1 vacA gene was found in 67 percent of the cases of peptic ulcer investigated (p=1.0), despite the limited number of patients with this disease (n=3). A correlation between the presence of less virulent strains (s2m2) and reflux esophagitis was found in the majority of the cases (45 percent), but without statistical significance. An association between the prevalence of cagA gene, found in 92 percent of isolates, and peptic ulcer was not observed (p=1.0), suggesting that this gene cannot be considered a specific marker of severity in our environment. The results reinforce the importance of conducting regional studies and the need to characterize H. pylori virulence genes associated with different diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Esophagitis, Peptic , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Peptic Ulcer , Stomach Ulcer , Methods , Patients , Prevalence , Methods , Virulence
7.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(5): 387-395, Sept.-Oct. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-558723

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Quantify the levels of oxidative DNA damage of epithelial colon cells comparing segments with and without fecal stream. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were subjected to deviation of fecal stream by proximal colostomy and a distal mucosal fistula. Animals were divided into three experimental groups that were sacrificed 6, 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. In each experimental group, five animals underwent laparotomy without intestinal deviation (sham subgroup). The diagnosis of colitis was made by histopathological analysis and the inflammatory activity index by graduated scale. The neutrophil infiltration was determined by myeloperoxidase tissue levels and the intensity of oxidative DNA damage by comet assay. The Mann-Withney and Student t test were used to compare the results among experimental subgroups and the Kruskal-Wallis test for variance analysis, adopting a significance level of 5 percent (p<0.05). RESULTS: Colon segments without fecal stream was shown higher histological inflammatory score of the colon wall after 12 and 24 weeks (p=0.001) that increased with the time of diversion (p=0.01). The activity of myeloperoxidase in segments without fecal stream decreased with the time (p=0.001). Oxidative DNA damage levels were significantly higher in the segments without fecal stream, (p=0.0001), independent of time of colon diversion, and increase with the time (p=0.0007). CONCLUSIONS: Colon segments without fecal stream showed high levels of oxidative DNA damage related to histological alterations observed in diversion colitis. The levels of oxidative DNA damage in segments devoid of the fecal stream increase with the time of intestinal exclusion.


OBJETIVO: Quantificar os níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA em células epiteliais da mucosa cólica comparando segmentos com e sem trânsito fecal. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito intestinal por colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos experimentais segundo terem sido sacrificados 6, 12 e 24 semanas após a cirurgia. Em cada grupo experimental, cinco animais foram submetidos à laparotomia isolada sem derivação fecal (grupo sham). O diagnóstico de colite foi estabelecido por análise histopatológica e o índice de atividade inflamatória por escala graduada. A infiltração neutrofílica foi determinada pelos níveis teciduais da mieloperoxidase e a intensidade do dano oxidativo ao DNA pelo ensaio em cometa. Utilizaram-se os testes de Mann-Withney e o teste t de Student para comparar os resultados encontrados entre os subgrupos experimentais e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para análise de variância, adotando-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Os segmentos cólicos, sem trânsito fecal apresentaram maior escore histológico de inflamação após 12 e 24 semanas (p=0,001), que aumentou com o tempo de derivação (p=0,01). A atividade da mieloperoxidase nos segmentos sem trânsito fecal diminuiu com o progredir do tempo (p=0,001). Os níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA foram significativamente maiores nos segmentos sem trânsito fecal (p=0,0001), independente do tempo de exclusão considerado, aumentando com o progredir do tempo de exclusão (p = 0,0007). CONCLUSÕES: Segmentos cólicos desprovidos de trânsito fecal apresentam níveis elevados de dano oxidativo ao DNA relacionados às alterações histológicas observadas na colite de exclusão. Os níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA nos segmentos desprovidos de trânsito fecal aumentam com o decorrer do tempo de exclusão.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Colitis/genetics , DNA Damage , Feces , Gastrointestinal Transit/physiology , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Colitis/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Free Radicals/analysis , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Peroxidase/analysis , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 41(2): 304-309, Apr.-June 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-545334

ABSTRACT

The antibacterial activity of plant extracts obtained from Bixa orellana L., Chamomilla recutita L., Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., Malva sylvestris L., Plantago major L. and Rheum rhaponticum L. has been evaluated against two reference strains and eleven clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori. All the plant species chosen are used in popular Brazilian cuisine and folk medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Initial screening was made by the disk diffusion test and then minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the agar dilution method. The results presented in this work demonstrated that among the plant preparations analyzed, B. orellana L., C. recutita L., I. paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. and M. sylvestris L. were capable of inhibiting the in vitro growth of H. pylori.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Digestive System Diseases , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori/growth & development , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , In Vitro Techniques , Methods , Plant Extracts , Methods , Virulence
9.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 29(3): 303-313, jul.-set. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-533539

ABSTRACT

O dano oxidativo ao DNA provocado por radicais livres de oxigênio representa um dos principais mecanismos responsáveis pelas etapas iniciais da carcinogênese colorretal. O estresse oxidativo ocasiona erros de pareamento de bases possibilitando o aparecimento de mutações em genes controladores do ciclo celular. As células possuem um sistema de defesa representado pelos genes de reparo do DNA que corrigindo os erros de pareamento impedem o desenvolvimento de mutações. Poucos estudos avaliaram a relação entre dano oxidativo ao DNA e a expressão tecidual do gene de reparo MLH1. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os níveis de estresse oxidativo ao DNA e a expressão tecidual do gene de reparo MLH1 nas células da mucosa cólica normal e neoplásica de doentes com câncer colorretal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram estudados 44 doentes com diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma colorretal. Foram excluídos os doentes com câncer colorretal hereditário, portadores de câncer relacionado às doenças inflamatórias intestinais e os submetidos à radioquimioterapia neoadjuvante. Para a avaliação dos níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA utilizou-se a técnica da eletroforese alcalina em gel de célula isolada (ensaio do cometa) avaliando 100 células obtidas dos tecidos normal e neoplásico. Para a avaliação da expressão do gene MLH1 utilizou-se a técnica de reação de polimerase em cadeia em tempo real (RT-PCR) com primer especificamente desenhados para amplificação do gene. A comparação dos resultados encontrados para os níveis de estresse oxidativo ao DNA, e expressão do gene MLH1 nos tecidos normais e neoplásicos foi feito pelo teste t de Student, adotando-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Os níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA no tecido neoplásico foram significativamente mais elevados quando comparados ao tecido normal (p=0,0001). A expressão tecidual do gene MLH1 no tecido neoplásico foi significativamente menor quando comparado ao tecido...


The oxidative DNA damage caused by oxygen free radicals is one of the most important mechanisms responsible for the initial steps of colorectal carcinogenesis. The oxidative stress can cause errors in the pairing of nitrogenous bases that form the DNA, allowing mutations in controlling genes of the cell cycle. The cells have a defense system represented by the DNA mismatch repair genes that correct the errors of matching prevent the development of DNA mutations. Few studies have evaluated the relationship between oxidative DNA damage and the tissue expression of mismatch repair genes. AIM: The aim of the present study was evaluate the levels of oxidative DNA and the tissue expression of MLH1 mismatch repair gene in the cells of normal and neoplastic colonic mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Were studied 44 patients with diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Were excluded patients with hereditary colorectal cancer, with colorectal cancer associate with inflammatory bowel diseases and those undergoing neoadjuvant radioquimiotherapy. To evaluate the levels of oxidative DNA damage was used the single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) evaluating 100 cells obtained from normal and neoplastic tissues. For the evaluation of the tissue expression of MLH1 gene was employed the technique of polymerase chain reaction in real time (RT-PCR) with primer specifically designed for MLH1 gene. The comparison among the levels of DNA oxidative stress and expression of MLH1 mismatch repair gene in normal and neoplastic tissues was done by Student t test adopting a significance level of 5 percent (p< 0.05). RESULTS: The levels of oxidative DNA damage in tumor tissue were significantly higher when compared to the level of the normal tissue (p = 0.0001). The tissue expression of MLH1 mismatch repair gene in tumor tissue was significantly lower when compared to normal tissue (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: The mismatch repair gene MLH1...


Subject(s)
Humans , Colorectal Neoplasms , Comet Assay , DNA Damage , DNA Repair , Oxidative Stress , Polymerase Chain Reaction
10.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 27(4): 391-402, out.-dez. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-476740

ABSTRACT

O estresse oxidativo ao DNA de células da mucosa cólica decorrente de radicais livres de oxigênio presentes na luz intestinal, induz mutações de genes relacionados ao controle do ciclo celular, representando um dos fenômenos iniciais da carcinogênese colorretal. A quantificação do dano oxidativo ao DNA em portadores de câncer colorretal foi pouco estudada até o momento. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi mensurar os níveis de dano oxidativo ao DNA de células isoladas da mucosa cólica de doentes com câncer colorretal comparando o tecido normal e o neoplásico e correlacionando-os a variáveis anatomopatológicas. MÉTODO: Estudou-se 32 enfermos (19 mulheres) com média de idade de 60,6 ± 15,5 anos, portadores de adenocarcinoma colorretal operados consecutivamente, entre 2005 e 2006. A avaliação do dano oxidativo ao DNA foi realizada pela da versão alcalina do ensaio cometa (eletroforese e gel de célula única), a partir de fragmentos de tecido cólico normal e neoplásico obtidos imediatamente após a extirpação do espécime cirúrgico. Avaliou-se a extensão das rupturas das hélices do DNA com método de intensificação de imagem, em 200 células escolhidas aleatoriamente (100 de cada amostra de tecido) com o programa Komet 5.5. A mensuração da cauda obtida de cada célula (Tail Moment) representava, quantitativamente, a extensão do dano oxidativo ao DNA. A análise estatística das variáveis consideradas foi realizada pelos testes t de Student, qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis, adotando-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Verificou-se em todos os doentes que as células obtidas do tecido neoplásico apresentavam maior intensidade de dano oxidativo ao DNA do que as células oriundas do tecido normal. As células isoladas da mucosa cólica neoplásica apresentavam, em média, extensão de ruptura das hélices do DNA (T.M. = 2,532 ± 0,945) significativamente maior quando comparadas às células isoladas do tecido normal...


Oxidative stress on mucosal cells of the colon, resulting from the action of free radicals present in the intestinal lumen, represents one of the initial phenomena in colorectal carcinogenesis, because it may induce gene mutations relating to cell cycle control. Quantification of the oxidative damage to the DNA in colorectal cancer patients has been little studied so far. OBJECTIVE: To measure the levels of oxidative damage to the DNA in cells isolated from the colon mucosa in colorectal patients, and to compare normal and neoplastic tissues and make correlations with anatomopathological variables. METHOD: Thirty colorectal adenocarcinoma patients (eighteen women) of mean age 60.6 ± 15.5 years who consecutively underwent operations performed by the same surgical team between 2005 and 2006 were studied. The oxidative damage to the DNA was evaluated by means of the alkaline version of the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis), from fragments of normal and neoplastic colon tissue that were obtained immediately after removal of the surgical specimen. The extent of breakages of the DNA helices was assessed using an image intensification method, on 200 randomly chosen cells (100 from each tissue sample), by means of the Komet 5.5 program. The Tail Moment (T.M) measured in each cell quantitatively represented the extent of the oxidative damage to the DNA. The statistical analysis on the variables considered was performed by means of the Student t, chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a significance level of 5 percent (p<0.05). RESULTS: It was found that, for all the patients studied, the cells obtained from the neoplastic tissue presented oxidative damage to the DNA that was greater than in the cells from normal tissue. The cells isolated from the neoplastic mucosal tissue of the colon presented extension of DNA strand breakage significantly greater (T.M. = 2.532 ± 0.945) than did the cells isolated from normal tissue...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colorectal Neoplasms , Comet Assay , Oxidants , Oxidative Stress
11.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 44(2): 107-112, abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-465708

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: Helicobacter pylori é hoje aceito como o principal agente etiológico de gastrite em seres humanos e fator de risco para úlcera péptica e câncer gástrico. A evolução da infecção está relacionada a diversos fatores, inclusive bacterianos, como presença do gene cagA e o genótipo vacA s1m1, associados ao desenvolvimento de úlcera e adenocarcinoma gástrico. A técnica de RAPD ("random amplified polimorphic") tem sido amplamente utilizada para obtenção de impressões digitais de DNA para examinar a similaridade entre linhagens. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a presença de cagA e alelos do vacA em amostras de H. pylori e associar os achados com a doença apresentada e também investigar possível clonicidade entre os fatores de virulência e as doenças com a impressão digital de DNA gerada pelo RAPD-PCR. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 112 amostras provenientes de pacientes com diferentes laudos endoscópicos: gastrite (n = 41), esofagite de refluxo (n = 14), úlcera gástrica (n = 19) e úlcera duodenal (n = 38). A análise dos fatores de virulência da bactéria foi feita por PCR e as impressões digitais de DNA foram estabelecidas pelo método de RAPD-PCR. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos indicam que houve uma associação significativa entre úlcera duodenal e o mosaico vacA s1m1. Analisando-se os padrões de bandas geradas pelo RAPD-PCR, sete diferentes dendogramas foram construídos e não foi possível detectar associação significativa entre os agrupamentos, sugerindo que as amostras não possuem perfil clonal. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados reforçam a importância do gene vacA como um marcador de virulência do H. pylori. O RAPD da impressão digital de DNA realizado foi incapaz de associar o padrão de bandas com as enfermidades e os genótipos de vacA e cagA.


BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is now accepted as the most important agent of gastritis in humans, as well as a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma. The outcome of the infection is related to several factors, among them bacterial ones such as cagA and vacA s1m1 genotype. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR, has been used to generate DNA fingerprints to evaluate similarity among strains within a bacterial species. AIM: To assess the association between RAPD fingerprinting, virulence factors and the disease. METHODS: H. pylori was isolated from 112 patients (41 with gastritis; 19 with gastric ulcers; 38 with duodenal ulcer disease; and 14 with gastroesophageal reflux disease). Allelic variants of cagA and vacA were identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the fingerprints were generated by RAPD-PCR. RESULTS: There was a strong association between the genotype vacA s1m1 and duodenal ulcers. Although RADP-PCR is a very useful tool in genotyping H. pylori, no significant correlation between the diseases studied and DNA fingerprint was detected neither with fingerprint and different vacA and, cagA genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: The extension of our analysis to patients with well-characterized gastric diseases may provide significant information on the relationship between vacA genotypes and clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, Bacterial/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Virulence Factors/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA Fingerprinting , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
12.
Genet. mol. biol ; 30(2): 431-434, Mar. 2007. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-452823

ABSTRACT

Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is very important in both clinical practice and research. We evaluated the sensitivity of real-time PCR (RT-PCR) for the detection and quantification of Helicobacter pylori using DNA from 91 human gastric biopsy samples divided into three groups: 46 biopsies from untreated patients who according to the references methods were considered H. pylori-negative (group A); 35 biopsies from patients previously treated against H. pylori and considered to be cured by "gold standard" tests (group B); and 10 biopsies from patients H. pylori-positive by all available methods (group C). The sensitivity of the RT-PCR assay was higher than that of standard methods. Of the 81 patients considered to be uninfected according to the references methods, 16 were H. pylori-positive by PCR, 10 of which were patients who had received H. pylori eradication therapy and 6 were untreated patients. Based on these findings we recommend that RT-PCR should be use in addition to standard methods in clinical studies to monitor the results of H. pylori eradication therapy.

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