Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 86
Filter
2.
Clinics ; 78: 100159, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421258

ABSTRACT

Objective: Amygdala has been demonstrated as one of the brain sites involved in the control of cardiorespiratory functioning. The structural and physiological alterations induced by epileptic activity are also present in the amygdala and reflect functional changes that may be directly associated with a sudden unexpected death. Seizures are always associated with neuronal damage and changes in the expression of cation-chloride cotransporters and Na/K pumps. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate if these changes are present in the amygdala after induction of status epilepticus with pilocarpine, which may be directly correlated with Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Methods: Pilocarpine-treated wistar rats 60 days after Status Epilepticus (SE) were compared with control rats. Amygdala nuclei of brain slices immunostained for NKCC1, KCC2 and α1-Na+/K+-ATPase, were quantified by optical densitometry. Results: The amygdaloid complex of the animals submitted to SE had no significant difference in the NKCC1 immunoreactivity, but KCC2 immunoreactivity reduced drastically in the peri-somatic sites and in the dendritic-like processes. The α1-Na+/K+-ATPase peri-somatic immunoreactivity was intense in the rats submitted to pilocarpine SE when compared with control rats. The pilocarpine SE also promoted intense GFAP staining, specifically in the basolateral and baso-medial nuclei with astrogliosis and cellular debris deposition. Interpretation: The findings revealed that SE induces lesion changes in the expression of KCC2 and α1-Na + /K + -ATPase meaning intense change in the chloride regulation in the amygdaloid complex. These changes may contribute to cardiorespiratory dysfunction leading to SUDEP.

3.
Clinics ; 78: 100242, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1506005

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The 6-OHDA nigro-striatal lesion model has already been related to disorders in the excitability and synchronicity of neural networks and variation in the expression of transmembrane proteins that control intra and extracellular ionic concentrations, such as cation-chloride cotransporters (NKCC1 and KCC2) and Na+/K+-ATPase and, also, to the glial proliferation after injury. All these non-synaptic mechanisms have already been related to neuronal injury and hyper-synchronism processes. Objective The main objective of this study is to verify whether mechanisms not directly related to synaptic neurotransmission could be involved in the modulation of nigrostriatal pathways. Methods Male Wistar rats, 3 months old, were submitted to a unilateral injection of 24 µg of 6-OHDA, in the striatum (n= 8). The animals in the Control group (n= 8) were submitted to the same protocol, with the replacement of 6-OHDA by 0.9% saline. The analysis by optical densitometry was performed to quantify the immunoreactivity intensity of GFAP, NKCC1, KCC2, Na+/K+-ATPase, TH and Cx36. Results The 6-OHDA induced lesions in the striatum, were not followed by changes in the expression cation-chloride cotransporters and Na+/K+-ATPase, but with astrocytic reactivity in the lesioned and adjacent regions of the nigrostriatal. Moreover, the dopaminergic degeneration caused by 6-OHDA is followed by changes in the expression of connexin-36. Conclusions The use of the GJ blockers directly along the nigrostriatal pathways to control PD motor symptoms is conjectured. Electrophysiology of the striatum and the substantia nigra, to verify changes in neuronal synchronism, comparing brain slices of control animals and experimental models of PD, is needed.

4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536167

ABSTRACT

La contaminación por metales pesados es un problema de salud pública y ambiental; la contaminación por plomo (Pb) y cadmio (Cd) causa graves daños a la salud humana y a los ecosistemas, especialmente a los acuáticos. En vista de este problema, el estudio tiene como objetivo buscar en la literatura investigaciones relevantes sobre tecnologías de adsorción para iones Cd (II) y Pb (II), en aguas superficiales y efluentes industriales. La búsqueda de trabajos se realizó en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, CAB, ScienceDirect e Engineering Village, utilizando los términos "Tecnologías de adsorción", "Cd (II)", "Pb (II)", "Adsorción iónica", "Medios de influencia" y "Adsorción de Cd (II) y Pb (II)", y analizados con la ayuda del software Rayyan y el Microsoft Excel. El análisis de los estudios mostró una extensa diversidad de materiales con capacidad adsorbente, como nanocompuestos, aplicación de microorganismos y biomasas vegetales. Entre los materiales adsorbentes destacó el uso de bacterias del género Bacillus sp. y la aplicación de quitosano libre o asociado; los nanocompuestos basados en quitosano mostraron una capacidad de adsorción de hasta el 98% para el ion Pb (II). El uso del macrófito Potamogetón malaianus permite obtener altos resultados en la adsorción de cadmio en agua; por medio de la fitorremediación la adsorción se produce rápidamente (2 h) y logra un equilibrio dinámico en menos de 72 h. La adsorción media para iones Cd (II) es del 94%, con una capacidad de adsorción en equilibrio de 6,296,97 mg/kg. Entre los medios de influencia, el pH, la temperatura, la dosis de adsorbente, el tiempo de contacto y la concentración de iones son los principales factores que interfieren en la actividad adsorbente.


Heavy metal contamination is a public and environmental health problem, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination cause serious damage to human health and ecosystems, especially aquatic. In view of this problem, the study aimed to search the literature for relevant research on adsorption technologies for Cd (II) and Pb (II) ions, in surface water and industrial effluents. The search for works took place in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, CAB, ScienceDirect and Engineering Village, using the terms "Adsorptive Technologies", "Cd (II)", "Pb (II)", "Ion adsorption", "Means of influence" and "Adsorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II)", and analyzed with the help of Rayyan and Microsoft Excel software. The analysis of the studies showed an extensive diversity of materials with adsorbent capacity, such as nanocomposites, application of microorganism, and plant biomasses. Among the adsorbent materials highlighted the use of bacteria of the genus Bacillus sp. and application of chitosan freely or associated, nanocomposites based on chitosan showed adsorptive capacity of up to 98% for Pb ion (II). The use of the macrophyte Potamogetón malaianus allows to obtain high results in the adsorption of cadmium in water, through phytoremediation, adsorption occurs quickly (2 h) and achieves a dynamic equilibrium in less than 72 h. The average adsorption for Cd (II) ions is 94%, with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 6.29-6.97 mg/kg. Among the means of influence, pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage, contact time and ion concentration are the main factors that interfere in adsorbent activity.


A contaminação por metais pesados é um problema de saúde pública e ambiental, contaminação por chumbo (Pb) e cadmio (Cd) provocam graves danos à saúde humana e aos ecossistemas, principalmente aquático. Em vista dessa problemática, o estudo objetivou buscar na literatura pesquisas relevantes sobre tecnologias de adsorção para íons Cd (II) e Pb (II), em águas superficiais e efluentes industriais. A busca por trabalhos se deu nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science, CAB, ScienceDirect e Engineering Village, com uso dos termos "Tecnologias adsortivas", "Cd (II)", "Pb (II)", "Adsorção de íons", "Meios de influência" e "Adsorção de Cd (II) e Pb (II)", e analisados com auxílio do software Rayyan e Microsoft Excel. A análise dos trabalhos demostrou uma extensa diversidade de materiais com capacidade adsorvente, como nanocompósitos, aplicação de microrganismo e biomassas vegetais. Entre os materiais adsorventes de destacou a utilização de bactérias do gênero Bacillus sp. e aplicação de quitosana de forma livre ou associada, nanocompósitos a base de quitosana demostraram capacidade adsortiva de até 98% para íon Pb (II). O uso da macrófita Potamogeton malaianus permite obter altos resultados na adsorção de cádmio em água, através da fitorremediação, a adsorção ocorre rapidamente (2 h) e atinge um equilíbrio dinâmico em menos de 72 h. A adsorção média para íons Cd (II) é de 94%, com uma capacidade de adsorção de equilíbrio de 6,296,97 mg/kg. Entre os meios de influência, o pH, temperatura, dosagem do adsorvente, tempo de contato e concentração de íons são os principais fatores que interferem na atividade adsorvente.

5.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 19: eAO5701, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154090

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine epidemiologic, anthropometric and clinical variables associated with stress urinary incontinence in obese women, before and after bariatric surgery, and to identify predictive factors of stress urinary incontinence resolution. Methods: Prospective observational study with women enrolled in a bariatric surgery program between 2015 and 2016. Patients were assessed prior to and 6 months after bariatric surgery using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form, the Patient Global Impression of Improvement and the Visual Analogue Scale. Patient assessment also included physical examination and bladder stress tests. Results: A total of 43 women completed the study. There was a 72.7% reduction in stress urinary incontinence (p=0.021). Predictive factors for preoperative diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence included age (p=0.024) and abdominal waist circumference (p=0.048). Urinary symptoms improved after weight loss, especially nocturia (p=0.001) and stress urinary incontinence (p=0.026). Menopause was the most significant predictive factor for persistence of stress urinary incontinence within six months of bariatric surgery (p=0.046). Self-reported outcomes and scores obtained in the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form, the Patient Global Impression of Improvement and the Visual Analogue Scale were associated with significant improvement (p=0.012, p=0.025, and p=0.002 respectively). Conclusion: Older women with larger waist circumference have a higher risk of developing stress urinary incontinence prior to bariatric surgery. Menopausal women are highly prone to persistent stress urinary incontinence, even after weight loss. Weight loss achieved through bariatric surgery improved stress urinary incontinence symptoms and mitigated related impacts on quality of life in the vast majority of women.


RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar as variáveis epidemiológicas, antropométricas e clínicas associadas à incontinência urinária de esforço em mulheres obesas antes e após a cirurgia bariátrica e identificar fatores preditivos da resolução desse tipo de incontinência. Métodos: Estudo observacional prospectivo com mulheres de um programa de cirurgia bariátrica, realizado entre 2015 e 2016. As pacientes responderam ao International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form, à Clinical Global Impression-Improvement e à Escala Visual Analógica, sendo submetidas ao exame físico e ao teste de incontinência antes e 6 meses após cirurgia bariátrica. Resultados: Completaram o estudo 43 mulheres. Houve redução de 72,7% na incontinência urinária de esforço (p=0,021). Fatores preditivos para o diagnóstico pré-operatório da incontinência urinária incluíram idade (p=0,024) e circunferência abdominal (p=0,048). Todos os sintomas urinários demonstraram melhora após perda de peso, notadamente noctúria (p=0,001) e incontinência urinária de esforço (p=0,026). A menopausa foi o fator mais crítico para predizer a persistência da incontinência urinária de esforço 6 meses após a cirurgia bariátrica (p=0,046). Os resultados relatados do International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form, da Patient Global Impression of Improvement e da Escala Visual Analógica tiveram melhora significativa (p=0,012, p=0,025, p=0,002, respectivamente). Conclusão: Mulheres idosas e com maior circunferência abdominal têm maior risco de desenvolver incontinência urinária de esforço antes da cirurgia. Mulheres na menopausa são fortemente propensas a persistir com a incontinência urinária de esforço, mesmo após a perda de peso. A perda de peso após a cirurgia bariátrica melhora os sintomas de incontinência urinária de esforço e seus impactos na qualidade de vida na maioria das mulheres.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/etiology , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Bariatric Surgery , Quality of Life , Menopause , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors , Treatment Outcome , Waist Circumference
7.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO5628, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1142877

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze mortality rates and hospitalization data after radical cystectomy in each public healthcare center in São Paulo in the last decade, considering the number of surgeries performed at each center. Methods: This study included patients from the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde from the state of São Paulo, who underwent radical cystectomy between 2008 and 2018. Data analyzed included organization name, number of procedures/year, in-hospital death rates and hospital length of stay. Results: A total of 1,377 radical cystectomies were registered in the public health system in São Paulo, between 2008-2018. A total of 91 institutions performed at least one radical cystectomy in the decade analyzed. The number of radical cystectomies performed per organization during the years analyzed ranged from one to 161. Only 45.6% of patients were operated in organizations that performed more than five radical cystectomies yearly. A total of 684 patients were operated in organizations with higher surgical volume. There were 117 in-hospital deaths, representing an 8.5% mortality rate for the state of São Paulo during the last decade. Whereas highest volume organizations (>6 radical cystectomies/year) had a mortality rate of 6.1%, the lowest volume (<1 radical cystectomy /year) had a 17.5% in-hospital mortality rate. Conclusion: There was a strong relation between organization volume of radical cystectomy and in-hospital mortality rate after radical cystectomy in São Paulo from 2008-2018. Unfortunately, we could not observe a trend toward centralization of such complex procedures, as it has occurred in developed countries during the last decades.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as taxas de mortalidade e os dados de hospitalização após cistectomia radical em cada unidade pública de saúde de São Paulo na última década, levando em conta o número de cirurgias realizadas por unidade. Métodos: Este estudo incluiu pacientes do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde de São Paulo submetidos à cistectomia radical entre 2008 e 2018. Os dados analisados incluíram o nome da instituição, o número de procedimentos/ano, taxas de mortalidade hospitalar e tempo de internação hospitalar. Resultados: Foram registrados 1.377 cistectomias radicais no sistema público de saúde de São Paulo no período. Um total de 91 instituições realizou pelo menos uma cirurgia na década analisada. O número de cistectomias realizadas por instituição durante os anos analisados variou de uma a 161. Apenas 45,6% dos pacientes foram operados em instituições com volume cirúrgico maior do que cinco cistectomias radicais/ano. Ao todo, 684 pacientes foram operados em instituições com maior volume cirúrgico. Houve 117 óbitos hospitalares, representando taxa de mortalidade de 8,5% para o estado de São Paulo na última década. Enquanto instituições com o maior volume (seis cistectomias radicais/ano) apresentaram mortalidade de 6,1%, as instituições com menor volume (<1 cistectomia radical/ano) apresentaram taxa de mortalidade de 17,5%. Conclusão: Houve forte relação entre o volume institucional de cistectomia radical e a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar após cistectomia radical em São Paulo, no período de 2008 a 2018. Infelizmente, não se observa no Brasil tendência de centralização de procedimentos complexos, como tem ocorrido em países desenvolvidos nas últimas décadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cystectomy , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Hospital Mortality , Hospitalization
8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO5577, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133754

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To gather information on penile cancer epidemiologic trends and its economic impact on the Brazilian Public Health System across the last 25 years. Methods: The Brazilian Public Health System database was used as the primary source of data from January 1992 to December 2017. Mortality and incidence data from the Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva was collected using the International Classification of Diseases ICD10 C60. Demographic data from the Brazilian population was obtained from the last census by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, performed in 2010 and its 2017 review. Results: There were 9,743 hospital admissions related to penile cancer from 1992 to 2017. There was a reduction (36%) in the absolute number of admissions per year related to penile cancer in 2017, as compared to 1992 (2.7versus 1.7 per 100,000; p<0.001). The expenses with admissions related to this condition in this period were US$ 3,002,705.73 (US$ 115,488.68/year). Approximately 38% of the total amount was spent in Northeast Region. In 1992, penile cancer costed US$ 193,502.05 to the public health system, while in 2017, it reduced to US$ 47,078.66 (p<0.02). Penile cancer incidence in 2017 was 0.43/100,000 male Brazilian, with the highest incidence rate found in the Northeast Region. From 1992 to 2017, the mortality rates of penile cancer in Brazil were 0.38/100,000 man, and 0.50/100,000 man in the North Region. Conclusion: Despite the decrease in admissions, penile cancer still imposes a significant economic and social burden to the Brazilian population and the Public Health System.


RESUMO Objetivo: Reunir informações sobre as tendências epidemiológicas do câncer de pênis e seu impacto econômico no Sistema Único de Saúde nos últimos 25 anos. Métodos: O banco de dados de informações do Sistema Único de Saúde foi utilizado como fonte primária de dados de janeiro 1992 a dezembro 2017. Os dados demortalidade e incidência do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva foram coletados usando a Classificação Internacional de Doença CID10 C60. Os dados demográficos da população brasileira foram obtidos do último censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, realizado em 2010, e em sua revisão, de 2017. Resultados: Ocorreram 9.743 internações relacionadas ao câncer de pênis de 1992 a 2017. Houve redução (36%) nas internações anuais absolutas em 2017 em comparação com 1992 (2,7 versus 1,7 por 100.000; p<0,001). Os gastos com internações neste período foram de US$ 3,002,705.73 (US$ 115,488.68/ano). Cerca de 38% do valor total foi gasto na Região Nordeste. Em 1992, o câncer de pênis custou US$ 193,502.05 ao sistema público, enquanto em 2017 reduziu para US$ 47,078.66 (p<0,02). A incidência em 2017 foi de 0,43/100.000 brasileiro do sexo masculino, com a maior taxa de incidência encontrada na Região Nordeste. De 1992 a 2017, as taxas de mortalidade por câncer de pênis foram de 0,38/100.000 homem, sendo 0,50/100.000 homem na Região Norte. Conclusão: Apesar da diminuição nas hospitalizações, o câncer de pênis ainda impõe uma carga econômica e social significativa à população brasileira e ao Sistema Único de Saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Penile Neoplasms/psychology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/psychology , Cost of Illness , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Penile Neoplasms/mortality , Penile Neoplasms/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Public Health , Incidence , Costs and Cost Analysis , Hospitalization/economics , Middle Aged
9.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 39(1): 48-55, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984629

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Portugal around 20,000 individuals are ostomized, with all the associated changes in patients' everyday life that can compromise their Quality of Life (QoL). Objectives: Assess and compare QoL of a group of ostomized patients according to sex, age group, type of surgery, primary disease, stoma duration and stoma type. Material and methods: Ostomized patients observed in Stomatherapy department in between January 1st and May 30th 2017 was enrolled. QoL was assessed using the questionnaire Stoma Care QoL Questionnaire). Four domains were evaluated: Self-esteem and Self-image - SeSi Score; relation with Family and Friends - FF Score; relation with Sleep and Fatigue - SF score and ostomy Device Functioning insecurities - DeF score. Results: Urostomy patients had significantly higher Total Scores, SeSi and FF scores than colostomy and ileostomy patients. Regarding SeSi Score, patients aged 70 years old or more and malignant diseases presented significantly higher scores than their younger counterparts and benign causes, respectively. FF Score document that patients with malignant diseases have significantly higher scores than patients with benign diseases. Conclusions: Ileostomy and colostomy patients have a significantly lower QoL than urostomy patients mostly because of its impact on social relations and self-esteem and self-image.


RESUMO Introdução: Em Portugal estima-se que cerca de 20.000 indivíduos sejam portadores de estoma, com todas as alterações associadas que podem comprometer a sua Qualidade de Vida (QdV). Objectivos: Avaliar a QdV de doentes ostomizados de acordo com o sexo, idade, tipo de cirurgia, doença primária, duração e tipo de estoma. Materiais e métodos: Foram incluídos todos os avaliados na consulta de Estomatoterapia entre Janeiro e Maio de 2017. A avaliação da QdV foi efetuada com recurso ao Questionário de QdV Stoma care. Avaliaram-se quatro domínios: autoestima e autoimagem (SeSi); relação com família e amigos (FF) relação com sono e cansaço e inseguranças relacionada com funcionamento do dispositivo (DeF). Resultados: Doentes com urostomia apresentaram Scores Total, SeSi e FF, significativamente superior a doentes com colostomia e ileostomia. Relativamente ao score SeSi, os doentes com idade igual ou superior a 70 anos e doença maligna apresentaram scores significativamente maiores que os mais jovens e com doenças benignas, respectivamente. Quanto ao score FF verificou-se que doentes com causas malignas apresentaram scores significativamente superiores aos com causas benignas. Conclusões: Doente ileostomizados e colostomizados apresenta QdV significativamente inferior aos doentes com urostomia, sobretudo devido ao impacto nas relações sociais, auto-estima e auto-imagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life , Colostomy , Ileostomy , Surgical Stomas , Self Concept , Sleep , Family Relations
10.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(8): 617-625, Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886230

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluated the tubulization technique with standard and inside-out vein, filled or not with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), in sciatic nerve repair. Methods: Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: IOVNF (Inside-Out Vein with No Filling); IOVPRP (Inside-Out Vein filled with PRP); SVNF (Standard Vein with No Filling); SVPRP (Standard Vein filled with PRP); Sham (Control). The left external jugular vein was used as graft in a 10 mm nervous gap. Results: In the morphological analysis of all groups, myelinated nerve fibers with evident myelin sheath, neoformation of the epineurium and perineurium, organization of intraneural fascicles and blood vessels were observed. In the morphometry of the distal stump fibers, SVPRP group had the highest means regarding fiber diameter (3.63±0.42 μm), axon diameter (2.37±0.31 μm) and myelin sheath area (11.70±0.84 μm2). IOVPRP group had the highest means regarding axon area (4.39±1.16 μm2) and myelin sheath thickness (0.80±0.19 μm). As for values of the fiber area, IOVNF group shows highest means (15.54±0.67 μm2), but are still lower than the values of the Sham group. Conclusion: The graft filled with platelet-rich plasma, with use standard (SVPRP) or inside-out vein (IOVPRP), promoted the improvement in axonal regeneration on sciatic nerve injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Sciatic Nerve/surgery , Guided Tissue Regeneration/methods , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Jugular Veins/transplantation , Myelin Sheath/physiology , Nerve Regeneration/physiology , Reference Values , Sciatic Nerve/injuries , Transplantation, Autologous/methods , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Peripheral Nerve Injuries/surgery , Nerve Fibers
11.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(4): 287-296, Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837698

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To compare the functional result of standart vein grafts and inside-out vein graft technique on sciatic nerve repair. Methods: We used 24 male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: control group (CG), standard vein graft group (SVG), Inside-out vein graft group (IOVG) and denervated Group (DG). SVG, IOVG and DG underwent total section of the sciatic nerve, SVG and IOVG however underwent nerve repair surgery using a graft with normal jugular vein and inside-out jugular vein, respectively. Histological analysis of the soleus and Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL), and Sciatic Functional Index were used to compare the results after 6 weeks. Results: Both grafts acted favorably in muscle recovery and improved functionality; They were similar in all parameters, however, in more points SVG achieved similar to the CG, in the other hand IOVG more times was similar to DG. Fact that makes the graft with normal vein the most viable option between the two options. Conclusion: Both types of grafts acted beneficially wherein the graft normal vein has proved to be the best option


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Sciatic Nerve/injuries , Transplantation, Autologous/methods , Guided Tissue Regeneration/methods , Jugular Veins/transplantation , Nerve Regeneration/physiology , Sciatic Nerve/surgery , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
12.
J. bras. econ. saúde (Impr.) ; 9(1): http://www.jbes.com.br/images/v9n1/128.pdf, Abril, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, ECOS | ID: biblio-833576

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Entender o impacto econômico que os medicamentos isentos de prescrição (MIPs) exercem nos sistemas de saúde e populações da Europa e Américas, em especial no Brasil. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica cobrindo um período de 20 anos, com artigos identificados pelos serviços PubMed e Lilacs, contendo os termos "automedicação", "medicamentos isentos de prescrição" e "economias", e seus equivalentes na língua inglesa. Resultados: Existe carência na literatura de estudos sobre os impactos econômicos que os MIPs trazem aos países e à sociedade. Os estudos e estatísticas mais abrangentes estão compilados pelas três maiores associações de produtores de MIPs no mundo e demonstram uma aceleração das reclassificações e geração de economias relevantes. No Brasil, um estudo de 2015 utilizando hipóteses conservadoras estimou um impacto orçamentário positivo dos MIPs no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de R$ 364 milhões, aproximadamente US$ 117 milhões. Esse é o único estudo identificado cujo objetivo foi fazer uma quantificação econômica no país. Conclusão: Neste momento em que a RDC nº 98/2016 dá a possibilidade para a reclassificação como MIP de um grande número de substâncias farmacêuticas, é imperativo que sejam feitos estudos robustos que estimem todos os impactos econômicos a serem esperados, que poderão servir como elementos para as análises técnicas a serem conduzidas e até mesmo para atribuir graus de prioridade a elas.


Objective: To understand the economic impact of over-the-counter medicines (OTC) medications on healthcare systems and the population in Europe and the Americas, with special focus in Brazil. Methods: Bibliographic review covering a 20-year timeframe. The articles were identified through the PubMed and Lilacs services, containing the terms "self-medication", "over-the-counter" and "savings", and their equivalents in Portuguese. Results: There is lack of publications focused on the economic impact that medicines can bring to the countries and the society. The most complete studies and statistics have been compiled by the three most important OTC manufacturers associations in the world and show an acceleration in switches and significant savings generated. In Brazil, a 2015 paper using conservative assumptions estimated a positive economic impact of OTC to the Brazilian Healthcare System (SUS) of R$ 364 million, about US$ 117 million. This is the only study that had the goal of an economic impact quantification conducted in the country. Conclusion: The new regulation RDC nº 98/2016 gives the possibility for the switch of many substances from prescription to OTC and it is imperative that robust studies are conducted to uncover all the impacts that can be expected, providing inputs for technical evaluations and even to attribute priority levels to them.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Economics and Organizations , Nonprescription Drugs , Self Medication
13.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 34(4): 518-521, Oct.-Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830744

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To report the case of a child with bilateral chylothorax due to infrequent etiology: thoracic duct injury after severe vomiting. Case description: Girl, 7 years old, with chronic facial swelling started after hyperemesis. During examination, she also presented with bilateral pleural effusion, with chylous fluid obtained during thoracentesis. After extensive clinical, laboratory, and radiological investigation of the chylothorax etiology, it was found to be secondary to thoracic duct injury by the increased intrathoracic pressure caused by the initial manifestation of vomiting, supported by lymphoscintigraphy findings. Comments: Except for the neonatal period, chylothorax is an infrequent finding of pleural effusion in children. There are various causes, including trauma, malignancy, infection, and inflammatory diseases; however, the etiology described in this study is poorly reported in the literature.


Resumo Objetivo: Relatar o caso de uma criança com quilotórax bilateral devido a etiologia pouco frequente: lesão do ducto torácico após quadro de vômitos excessivos. Descrição do caso: Menina, sete anos, apresentava edema facial crônico iniciado após quadro de hiperemese. À avaliação, também apresentava derrame pleural bilateral, com líquido quiloso obtido na toracocentese. Após extensa investigação clínica, laboratorial e radiológica da etiologia do quilotórax, foi definido ser secundário a lesão do ducto torácico por aumento da pressão intratorácica pela manifestação inicial de vômitos, corroborado por achados de linfocintilografia. Comentários: À exceção do período neonatal, o quilotórax é achado infrequente de efusão pleural em crianças. As causas são diversas, incluindo trauma, neoplasia, infecção e doenças inflamatórias; contudo, etiologia como a aqui descrita é pouco relatada na literatura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Vomiting/complications , Chylothorax/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Chylothorax/pathology
14.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 51(6): 720-724, Nov.-Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830011

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Intertrochanteric femur fractures are very common in patients over 65 years old, and are often associated with osteoporosis. Proximal femoral nails are preferred because of their biomechanical advantages in the treatment of these fractures, especially if the fracture is unstable. However, many complications associated with intramedullary fracture fixation have been described. The medial migration of the intramedullary gamma nail is a rare complication. The authors report an uncommon but potentially fatal complication, medial and intrapelvic migration of the intramedullary Gamma 3 nails, recorded after one month of osteosynthesis. This article aims to alert the orthopedic community to this rare complication, which may present a high risk of morbidity and mortality.


RESUMO As fraturas intertrocantéricas do fêmur proximal são muito comuns em pacientes acima de 65 anos, por estarem muitas vezes associadas à osteoporose. A fixação do fêmur proximal com dispositivos cefalomedulares, pelas suas vantagens biomecânicas, constitui o tratamento preferencial, especialmente no tratamento das fraturas instáveis. Várias complicações associadas com a fixação cefalomedular tipo Gamma desse tipo de fraturas foram descritas na literatura, a migração medial do cravo cefálico é uma complicação excecionalmente singular. Os autores relatam uma complicação incomum mas potencialmente fatal, a migração medial intrapélvica do cravo cefálico do dispositivo intramedular Gamma 3, verificada após um mês da osteossíntese. Este trabalho aspira a despertar a comunidade ortopédica para essa rara complicação, a qual pode apresentar alto risco de morbilidade e mortalidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Bone Screws , Hip Fractures
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(3): 1151-1157, Sept. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829001

ABSTRACT

This study proposes the use of a porous polyethylene (PPE) tube as the conductive element in the regeneration in the sciatic nerve sectioning and evaluates the use of fill with autologous fat. The subject was divided randomly into five groups, 3 control and 2 experimental (PPE tube graft with/ without autologous fat). Each group was selected for functional, histological and morphometric evaluation of the sciatic nerve. Functional analysis of the sciatic nerve occurred through the "footprint" values near -100 refer sectioned sciatic nerve, near 0 (zero) refer to control group. On histological analysis of the experimental groups lots of dense connective tissue replacing nerve tissue was observed. In morphometric analysis the group EGPGf got higher performance in all of variables. The use of PPE has shown promise in nerve regeneration with favorable results when associate with fat as a trophic factor in the regeneration.


Este estudio propone el uso de un tubo de polietileno poroso (PPE) como elemento conductor en la regeneración del nervio ciático seccionado y evaluar el uso de relleno con grasa autóloga. Al azar se formaron cinco grupos, 3 y 2 de control experimental (PPE prótesis tubular con / sin grasa autóloga). Cada grupo fue seleccionado para estudiar la forma funcional, histológica y evaluación morfométrica del nervio ciático. Un análisis funcional del nervio ciático se produjo a través de los valores de "huella", cerca de -100 se refiere al nervio ciático seccionado; cerca de 0 (cero) se refiere al grupo control. En el análisis histológico de los grupos experimentales se observó una gran cantidad de tejido conjuntivo denso que sustituye el tejido nervioso. En el análisis morfométrico, el grupo experimental de injerto de polietileno lleno de grasa (EGPGf) obtuvo un mayor rendimiento en todas las variables. El uso de PPE ha mostrado ser prometedor en la regeneración del nervio, con resultados favorables cuando se asocia con la grasa como un factor trófico en la regeneración.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Nerve Regeneration/physiology , Sciatic Nerve/physiology , Sciatic Nerve/surgery , Fats , Polyethylene , Prospective Studies , Prostheses and Implants , Sciatic Nerve/anatomy & histology , Transplantation, Autologous
16.
Acta bioeth ; 22(1): 129-134, jun. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-788892

ABSTRACT

Sports Medicine comprises two branches: one, related to professional athletes and the other, related to the general population vis a vis sports and physical activity. The bioethical conflicts involving professional athletes are different from those of amateur practitioners. There is a constant deliberation related to the requirement of medical evaluation before admission to a gym. There are regional laws that make the medical certificate an obligatory document. It is observed that in the creation of these laws, the arguments are guided by a way to transfer responsibility from the gym to the physician who has attended the client. In a sense, the laws that indiscriminately require medical certificates subvert the ethics of the medical practice because the medical officer is not capable to assure that a given patient has no medical issue; instead the medical work is to try to identify the cause to a complaint. The gyms provide clients with orientation and supervision by providing them with qualified professionals. Although the need for medical certificates for everybody is unethical, a detailed medical evaluation is needed for gym clients who may present clinical manifestations during exercise or have some specific clinical conditions.


La medicina deportiva abarca dos ramas: una relacionada con atletas profesionales y la otra con la población general, vis a vis deportes y actividad física. Los conflictos en bioética con atletas profesionales son diferentes de los que tienen los practicantes amateur. Existe un debate relacionado con el requisito de evaluación médica antes de ser admitido a un gimnasio. Hay leyes regionales que exigen presentar un certificado médico. Se observa que, en la creación de estas leyes, los argumentos se guían por una forma de transferir responsabilidad desde al gimnasio al médico que atiende al cliente. En cierto modo, las leyes que indiscriminadamente exigen certificados médicos socavan la ética de la práctica médica, porque el médico oficial no es capaz de garantizar que un paciente dado no tiene un problema médico; en vez de ello el trabajo médico consiste en tratar de identificar la causa de una demanda. Los gimnasios proporcionan a los clientes orientación y supervisión mediante profesionales cualificados. Aunque la necesidad de certificados médicos para todos no es ética, se necesita una evaluación médica detallada para clientes de gimnasio que puedan presentar manifestaciones clínicas durante el ejercicio o que tengan alguna condición clínica específica.


Medicina Desportiva compreende dois ramos: um, relacionado com os atletas profissionais e outro, relacionado com a população em geral, vis a vis esportes e atividade física. Os conflitos bioéticos envolvendo atletas profissionais são diferentes daqueles de praticantes amadores. Há uma deliberação constante relacionada com a exigência de avaliação médica antes da admissão para um ginásio. Existem leis regionais que fazem do atestado médico um documento obrigatório. Observa-se que na criação dessas leis, os argumentos são guiados pela intenção de transferir a responsabilidade do ginásio para o médico que atendeu o cliente. Em certo sentido, as leis que exigem indiscriminadamente atestados médicos subvertem a ética da prática médica porque o médico não é capaz de assegurar que um determinado paciente não tem nenhum problema médico; ao contrário, o trabalho médico é tentar identificar a causa de uma denúncia. Os ginásios fornecem aos clientes orientação e supervisão, proporcionando-lhes profissionais qualificados. Embora a necessidade de atestados médicos para todos não é ética, é necessária uma avaliação médica detalhada para os clientes do "gym" que podem apresentar manifestações clínicas durante o exercício ou têm algumas condições clínicas específicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Physician's Role , Sports Medicine , Health Certificate , Fitness Centers , Bioethics
17.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 19-23, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771898

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the ocular axial length (AL) and keratometry (K) in Brazilian children with congenital/developmental cataract, assess the differences and evolution of AL and K according to age, and establish functional models of AL and K as function of age. Methods: Children with congenital/developmental cataract aged 1.5 months old to 8 years old and no other ocular diseases were included. All eyes with unilateral cataract, the left eyes from children with bilateral cataracts, and healthy eyes from children with unilateral cataract were analyzed. After the administration of anesthesia, K was measured with a portable automatic keratometer, and AL was measured with a contact biometer. Cataract surgery was performed immediately after the measurements were taken. The data were statistically analyzed, and a linear regression with an age logarithm was used to model the relationship. Results: Forty-four eyes with cataract were included in this analysis, comprising 15 eyes with unilateral cataract and 29 left eyes from children with bilateral cataracts. The mean age was 27.3 months with a mean AL of 20.63 ± 2.11 mm and a mean K of 44.94 ± 2.44 D. The K value was significantly steeper and the AL value was significantly shorter in younger children (P< 0.001). No significant differences were found neither between eyes with unilateral and bilateral cataracts nor between eyes with unilateral cataract and their corresponding healthy eyes (P >0.05). Conclusion: The values of K and AL significantly change with age, especially during the first 6 months of life. A linear functional relationship between K and AL with the logarithm of age and between K and AL was established.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o comprimento axial (AL) e a ceratometria (K) de olhos de crianças brasileiras com catarata congênita/desenvolvimento, analisar diferenças e evoluções de acordo com a idade e estabelecer modelos funcionais de comprimento axial e ceratometria em função da idade e entre eles. Métodos: Crianças com catarata congênita/desenvolvimento com idade de 1,5 meses a 8 anos de idade e sem outras doenças oculares foram incluídas. Todos os olhos com catarata unilateral, o olho esquerdo de crianças com catarata bilateral e o olho sadio de crianças com catarata unilateral foram analisados. Após a administração de anestesia, a ceratometria foi obtida com um ceratômetro automático portátil e o comprimento axial medido com um biômetro de contato. Em seguida, a cirurgia de catarata foi realizada. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, a regressão linear com o logaritmo da idade foi utilizado para modelar os relacionamentos. Resultados: Todos os olhos com catarata unilateral (n=15) e um olho selecionados aleatoriamente a partir dos casos bilaterais (n=29) foram incluídos na análise (total= 44 olhos). A idade média foi de 27,3 meses, as médias do comprimento axial e da ceratometria foram respectivamente 20,63 ± 2,11 mm e 44,94 ± 2,44 dioptrias. A ceratometria foi significativamente mais curvo e comprimento axial significantemente mais curto em crianças mais jovens (P<0,001). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na comparação entre os olhos com cataratas unilaterais e bilaterais e comparando os olhos com catarata unilateral a correspondentes olhos saudáveis (P>0,05). Conclusão: Os valores de ceratometria e comprimento axial mudam significativamente com a idade, principalmente nos primeiros seis meses de vida. Foi estabelecida uma relação funcional linear entre comprimento axial e ceratometria com o logaritmo da idade e entre ceratometria e comprimento axial.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Axial Length, Eye/pathology , Cataract/congenital , Cataract/pathology , Cornea/pathology , Age Factors , Brazil , Biometry/methods , Cataract/physiopathology , Linear Models , Reference Values , Retrospective Studies
18.
Br J Med Med Res ; 2016; 13(1): 1-10
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-182448

ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare two tubulization techniques, inside-out veins and standard veins, both filled with skeletal muscle or not, in sciatic nerve by morphological and histomorphometric study. Methodology: Seventy Wistar rats were divided in 4 experimental groups (IOVNF - inside-out vein with no filling; IOVSM - inside-out vein filled with skeletal muscle; SVNF - standard vein with no filling; and SVSM - standard vein filled with skeletal muscle) and a control group (Sham). The left external jugular vein was sectioned into about 14 mm segments to be used as autologous vein grafts. A 10 mm gap was then created in the sciatic nerve and the vein graft was inserted into the vein with or without filling of the right caudal tibial muscle. The animals were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery. Results: Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers were observed in the histological analyses for all groups, as well as neoformation of the perineurium and intraneural organization of fascicles and blood vessels. In the morphometric analysis of the distal stump, regarding the myelin sheath area, all groups had a significant difference. The IOVNF group had the highest means for fiber, axon and myelin sheath areas. The SVSM group had the lowest means in all features measured, except for the axon area (4.95±1.72 graft; 3.71±0.90 distal stump). Conclusion: These results show that sciatic nerve repair with inside-out veins and no filling (IOVNF) had the best results, in the majority of measured variables, when compared to the other groups.

19.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 74(4): 216-221, Jul-Aug/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752066

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da degeneração macular relacionada à idade (DMRI) na qualidade de vida relacionada com a visão (QVRV) numa amostra de pacientes portugueses. Métodos: Estudo observacional em corte transversal, não comparativo no qual foram incluídos 68 pacientes seguidos no departamento de Retina Médica do Serviço de Oftalmologia do Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, entre janeiro e abril de 2011. A QVRV foi avaliada por meio do questionário National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), traduzido para o português. Os scores obtidos foram analisados e correlacionados com os seguintes parâmetros idade, sexo, lateralidade da doença, tempo de follow-up, acuidade visual (AV) e EFC iniciais e finais do melhor (MO) e pior olho (PO). Resultados: A AV do PO apresentou valor preditivo nos scores global, atividade para longe, visão cromática, visão periférica, desempenho, função social e saúde mental (p<0,05). Num modelo de multivariáveis com inclusão de todos os parâmetros clínicos analisados, as variáveis estudadas explicaram 60% da variância do score global (SG) com um valor preditivo de 0,08 (R2 0,57, p=0,088). Conclusões: A DMRI NV está associada a uma diminuição da QVRV. A AV do PO tem valor preditivo nos scores do NEI-VFQ-25.


Purpose: To describe the impact of aged-related macular degeneration (AMD) on vision-related quality of life (QOL) on a sample of portuguese patients and explore the association with vision, Central Foveal Thickness (CFT) and demographic variables in a Portuguese population. Methods: Observational, interview study of 68 patients with clinical diagnosis of NV AMD seen between January and April 2011 at the Ophthalmology Department of Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) was measured with a Portuguese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). Scores were analysed and correlated with age, gender, laterality of the disease, initial and final visual acuity (VA), CFT and duration of follow-up. Results: Worst eye VA had predictive value in the following scores: global, distance activities, color vision, peripheral vision, role difficulties, social functioning and mental health (p<0.05). In a multivariable model with inclusion of all the parameters studied, the analysed variables explained 60% of the variability of the Global Score, with a predictive value of 0.08 (R2 0.57, p=0.088). Conclusion: NV AMD is associated with impairment in reported vision related QOL in our group of patients. The VA of the worst eye has a predictive value in NEI VFQ-25 scores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chronic Disease , Macular Degeneration , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study , Portugal
20.
J. res. dent ; 3(1): [600-605], jan.-feb2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1363317

ABSTRACT

Supernumerary teeth are one of the dental anomalies which occur due to the developmental disturbances in teeth. They can be seen in various shape and form. They can occur in both the deciduous and permanent dentition and can impose aesthetic and occlusion problems. Morphologically the supernumerary teeth exhibit various forms ranging from conical to tuberculate and supplemental types. Supplemental teeth as the name suggests are similar in shape to that of the normal prototype. In this particular case, we are reporting a case of ipsilateral supplemental permanent lateral incisors and the treatment approach which would subsequently facilitate the patient to undergo orthodontic treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tooth, Supernumerary , Incisor
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL