Trends in Nursing Research on Children and Adolescents with Cancer in Korea

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify trends in nursing research on children and adolescents with cancer in Korea and suggest the direction for future research. METHODS: A COSI model was used to guide the search process between the years 1988 and 2014, using the keywords 'cancer', 'malignancy', 'leukemia', 'HSCT', 'BMT', 'children', 'adolescent' and 'nursing'. RESULTS: Of 104 papers, 10 were doctoral dissertations, 34 were master's theses and 60 were from academic journals. Quantitative research accounted for 91.3% while qualitative research accounted for 7.7%. The most frequently used research designs were quasi-experimental (84.6%) for experimental research and surveys (75.6%) for non-experimental research. As survival rates improved, the focus shifted to descriptive studies examining the adjustment of childhood cancer survivors. CONCLUSION: The overall findings of this study suggest that future research should include more well-designed experimental studies and repeated studies to confirm the effect of previous study findings. Longitudinal studies are recommended to determine long-term child adjustment. Supporting systems and funding are required to help activate research of clinical nurses.

Effects of a Blended Learning Program on Ethical Values in Undergraduate Nursing Students / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the effects of a blended learning program on ethical values in undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: This study was a one group pretest-posttest design. Seventy-one undergraduate nursing students who were taking a nursing ethics course at K University in S city were conveniently selected. The blended learning program was undertaken for 120 minutes one day weekly for 15 weeks. It consisted of case-based learning through an online method combined with problem-based learning offline. Scores for ethical value were measured using the ethical values scale. RESULTS: The ethical values score increased significantly in the students after the blended learning (p=.004). Of the subgroup of ethical values human-life, relationship with collaborator, and nursing job scores increased significantly in students after the blended learning, respectively (p=.034; p<.001; p<.001), the score for area as relationship with nursing clients decreased significantly in the students after the blended learning (p<.001). CONCLUSION: The blended learning program was identified as an educational program which induces a positive effect on the development of ethical values in undergraduate nursing students, and in future it can be utilized in nursing ethics education.

Relationships of Self-esteem to Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention among Ship-building Supply Workers / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This is a descriptive correlation study to identify self-esteem, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among ship-building supply workers. METHODS: The subjects were 199 ship-building supply workers at two small & medium-sized ship-building supply companies in K city. The data were collected from March 1st through 31st, 2013. The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program through t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between self-esteem and job satisfaction (r=.29, p<.001), a negative correlation between self-esteem and turnover intention (r=-.20, p<.001). Also there was a negative correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention (r= -.58, p<.001). CONCLUSION: This finding identified that the self-esteem and job satisfaction were an important variable related to the turnover intention. Therefore, organizational managers need to develop strategies for improving workers' self-esteem and job satisfaction to prevent and decrease worker's turnover intention.

Relationships of Workplace Bullying to Self-esteem and Turnover Intention among Clinical Nurses at Small and Medium-sized Hospitals / 산업간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to assess the prevalence of workplace bullying and the relationship workplace bullying to self-esteem and turnover intention among clinical nurses. METHODS: The subjects were 223 clinical nurses at 3 small and medium-sized hospitals in K and B cities. The data were collected from February 1st throughout 28th, 2013. The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program through the frequency, percentage, mean, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The rate of self-reported bullying in the nursing workplace was 24.6% of respondents. There was a negative correlation between workplace bullying and self-esteem (r=-.39, p<.001). Also there was a positive correlation between workplace bullying and turnover intention (r=.14, p=.031). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of self-reported bullying is high among small and medium-sized hospitals and is clearly associated with lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of turnover intention. Therefore, an organizational nursing management program as a monitoring regularly the psychosocial work environment and policies and procedures to prevent and manage workplace bullying is strongly recommended for the promotion of self-esteem and reducing the nurse's intention to leave the organization.

Relationships of Workplace Bullying to Self-esteem and Turnover Intention among Clinical Nurses at Small and Medium-sized Hospitals / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to assess the prevalence of workplace bullying and the relationship workplace bullying to self-esteem and turnover intention among clinical nurses. METHODS: The subjects were 223 clinical nurses at 3 small and medium-sized hospitals in K and B cities. The data were collected from February 1st throughout 28th, 2013. The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program through the frequency, percentage, mean, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The rate of self-reported bullying in the nursing workplace was 24.6% of respondents. There was a negative correlation between workplace bullying and self-esteem (r=-.39, p<.001). Also there was a positive correlation between workplace bullying and turnover intention (r=.14, p=.031). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of self-reported bullying is high among small and medium-sized hospitals and is clearly associated with lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of turnover intention. Therefore, an organizational nursing management program as a monitoring regularly the psychosocial work environment and policies and procedures to prevent and manage workplace bullying is strongly recommended for the promotion of self-esteem and reducing the nurse's intention to leave the organization.

Relationship between Nurse Managers' Facilitative Communication and Nurses' Self-esteem / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurse managers' facilitative communication as perceived by nurses and nurses' self-esteem. METHODS: The subjects were 256 staff nurses at B hospital of C University in Kyeonggi-do. The data were collected between December 1, 2009 and January 12, 2010. The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program through t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Nurses' self-esteem was higher when nurse managers perceived them as facilitative communicators in empathic understanding and genuineness subgroup of facilitative communication (p<.05). There was a positive correlation between nurse managers' facilitative communication and nurses' self-esteem(r=.15, p=.015). Also there was a positive correlation among the nurse managers' facilitative communication subgroups, empathic understanding; genuineness; concreteness(r=0.18, p=.004; r=0.18, p=.003; r=0.19, p=.002) and nurses' self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Nurse managers are in need of facilitative communication. Therefore, job education and training for improving nurse managers' communication skills particularly related to empathic understanding, genuineness and concreteness are required.

Changes in the Image of Nursing in First Year Nursing Students after History & Philosophy of Nursing Courses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate changes in image of nursing in first year students of nursing after courses on history & philosophy of nursing. METHODS: Participants were 100 first year students at a nursing college located in K city. The students were asked to submit a written answer to an open-ended question. Data were collected in March, 2011, before the students started nursing courses, and again in June, 2011, after they had finished one semester of nursing courses. Data were analyzed using Van Kaam's phenomenological method. RESULTS: Before the nursing courses, students regarded nursing as caring for patients comfortably with warmth and kindness, helping patients with self-sacrificing spirit and service, and being tough and overwhelming to do. After finishing one semester of nursing courses, they regarded nursing as a profession that requires motherly care, love and devotion, and as meaningful and beautiful to do. CONCLUSIONS: After finishing one semester of nursing courses, the images of nursing held by the students changed from a traditional perspective emphasizing the emotional and negative aspects to one focusing more on the professional and positive aspects. It is essential to establish healthy and positive images of nursing among students through the nursing curriculum.

The Effects of Information with Videotape on Anxiety and Discomfort of Plateletpheresis Donors / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of information with videotape to platelet donors on the degree of anxiety and discomfort. METHODS: Between April and September 1999, we evaluated 200 first-time donors; 100 donors were selected for experiment group and informed of the platelet donation with videotape, while 100 other donors in the control group were not informed with videotape. Data were collected by using constructed questionnaires. RESLUTS: There were not significant differences regarding the degree of state anxiety between the control group and the experiment group. The degree of discomfort felt by the platelet donors of the experiment group was similar compared to the control group. There was a correlation between the anxiety and the discomfort induced during platelet donation in both experiment and control groups. The only factor influencing anxiety and discomfort was the physical condition. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that providing information through videotape did not have noticeable effect on reducing the anxiety and discomfort of the platelet donors. It is important to assess physical condition of platelet donors for more comfortable platelet donation. Based on these results, it can be proposed that more developed and effective videotape made under supervision of a specialist should be used for further providing information to the donors.

Comparison of Leukocyte Depletion between COBE Spectra LRSTM and COBE Spectra followed by PALL PXLTM8 on Single Donor Platelet / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: Use of single donor apheresis platelets and concerning for the quality of apheresis platelets has been rapidly increased. Apheresis platelets depleted white blood cell (WBC) are used to prevent or to reduce febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, alloimmunization and cytomegalovirus infection. We compared COBE Spectra LRSTM (leukoreduction system) and COBE Spectra with PALL PXLTM8 in terms of the yield predictors, processing times, and WBC contamination. METHOD: Seventy-two single donors who visited Apheresis Unit (APU) in St. Mary's hospital were prospectively randomized into COBE Spectra LRSTM and COBE Spectra followed by PALL PXLTM8 between September 1997 and October 1998. We used Coulter counting for platelet and Nageotte hemocytometer for WBC count. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. RESULTS: The mean platelet yield per unit was 3.6 +/- 1.0X1011 with COBE spectra LRSTM compared to 2.9 +/- 1.1X1011 with COBE Spectra (p=0.002), and the mean WBC content per unit with COBE spectra LRSTM was 4.1X104 (0.4-23.5) compared to 3.7X104 (0.43-17.9) with PALL PXLTM8 (p=0.0728). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that COBE Spectra LRSTM has higher platelet yields than that of COBE Spectra, and similar WBC contamination compared to PALL PXLTM8. Therefore, this data suggests that COBE Spectra LRSTM is conveient than COBE Spectra with PALL PXLTM8 in clinical practice.

Comparison of Leukocyte Depletion between COBE Spectra LRS/TM and COBE Specta followed by PALL PXL/TM 8 on Single Donor Platelet

BACKGROUND: Use of single donor apheresis platelets and concerning for the quality of apheresis platelets has been rapidly increased. Apheresis platelets depleted white blood cell(WBC) are used to prevent or to reduce febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, alloimmunization and cytomegalovirus infection. We compared COBE Spectra LRS (leukoreduction system) and COBE Spectra with PALL PXL 8 in terms of the yield predictors, processing times, and WBC contamination. METHOD: Seventy-two single donors who visited Apheresis Unit(APU) in St. Mary s hospital were prospectively randomized into COBE Spectra LRS and COBE Spectra followed by PALL PXL 8 between September 1997 and October 1998. We used Coulter counting for platelet and Nageotte hemocytometer for WBC count. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. RESULTS: The mean platelet yield per unit was 3.6+ 1.0 x 10 ' with COBE spectra LRS compared to 2.9+ 1.1 X 10 with COBE Spectra(p=0.002), and the mean WBC content per unit with COBE spectra LRS was 4.1 x 104(0.4-23.5) compared to 3.7 x 104(0.43-17.9) with PALL PXL""8(p=0.0728). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that COBE Spectra LRS has higher platelet yields than that of COBE Spectra, and similar WBC contamination compared to PALL PXL 8. Therefore, this data suggests that COBE Spectra LRS is conveient than COBE Spectra with PALL PXL 8 in clinical practice. (Korean J Blood Transfusion 10(1): 43-51, 1999)