Prostate-specific antigen versus digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer [CaP] is the most commonly diagnosed non cutaneous cancer and the third most common cause of death from cancer in males. PSA is considered the most useful tumor marker currently available for diagnosis and management of the CaP. The digital rectal examination is still the basis in the suspicion of CaP in males with normal or minimally high PSA levels. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of PSA versus digital rectal examination [DRE] in identifying cases of prostate cancer among men presenting with symptoms of bladder outflow obstruction. A cross sectional study was conducted at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Dohuk on 400 patients with bladder outflow obstruction above 50 years were selected between January 2005 and October 2007. DRE and serum PSA done for all patients and prostate biopsy for abnormal results. The mean age 69.63 +/- 8.3 years. All cases of documented prostate cancer with positive DRE had PSA >/= 4 ng/ml. In conclusion, DRE is still the basic step in the suspecting prostate cancer. Combination of DRE and PSA has the highest detection rate for CaP than each alone

Optical internal urethrotomy in the treatment of urethral stricture disease

To evaluate the efficacy of internal urethrotomy in the treatment of urethral stricture disease as a first line of treatment. The study has been prospectively undertaken for forty five patients with urethral stricture disease who were treated with cold-knife internal urethrotomy followed by regular self calibration or hydrostatic urethral dilatation via starting micturations while applying pressure over distal urethra so leading to urethral distention. The age of the patients ranged between 22-80 years. The follow up period was from 6 months to 3 years. The success rate was 88%. The complication occurred in 6.6% of cases. Internal urethrotomy could be regarded as the first treatment of choice in patients with a single, short urethral stricture or post urethroplasty stricture

Accuracy of color doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis [D.V.T.] of lower limbs

The diagnostic value of Color Deppler U/S in deep venous thrombosis [D.V.T.] of lower limbs was studied to evaluate the accurate diagnosis in acute, sub acute and chronic condition. The study was carried out on 105 patients, separated into three groups: group I [12 patients] with acute onset of the condition and first time clinical representation, group II [19 patients] of subacute evaluated clinically and group III [74 patients] of chronic condition with repeated attacks of deep venous thrombosis. The mean age was 55 years. 70% was chronic. The criteria of diagnosis, methods, techniques and different scanning were described. Evaluation of U/S diagnosis to reach accurate radiological results was attempted. Prospective assessment of the use CD U/S in the management of 105 patients was carried out. It was found that sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value were 90%, 92%, 88.9% and 94.9% respectively of gray scale, while for Color Doppler were 94%, 95.6%, 98% and 99% respectively

Pattern of primary nocturnal enuresis in primary school children (first grade) in assiut city

Objectives :To assess the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in primary school children; first grade (6-7 years old) in Assiut City and study its pattern and risk factors. Patients and Methods: A random cross-sectional study including 1519 children was conducted in 10 primary schools in Assiut City throughout a period of six months. A self-administered questionnaire was completed voluntarily by the parents. Children reporting two or more incidences of nocturnal enuresis per month during the past year were considered positive repliers and were subjected to further evaluation. The control group consisting of 100 age-matched non-enuretic children presenting for other urologic or non-urologic problems mandating a plain abdominal X-ray was subjected to the same evaluation. In these children the possible detection of spina bifida was the point of concern. Results: The response rate to the questionnaire was 79. The prevalence of enuresis was 20.2. Out of the enuretic children; 87.6complained of nocturnal enuresis only; 72.3of them were primary enuretics. Monosymptomatic enuresis was observed in 46.3of the cases. Marked enuresis (every night) affected 53.7of the total number of enuretic children. Statistically significant risk factors were deep sleep and a high educational level of the parents. Primary nocturnal enuresis was insignificantly associated with a positive family history; family size or birth rank. In primary nocturnal enuretics the results of the urogenital and neurological examinations were normal in 90.5and 80.6; respectively; and only 4received a specific treatment. A large amount of post-void residual urine was observed in 7.4. Spina bifida occulta was observed in 10.8of primary nocturnal enuretics and in 11 of the control group. Conclusions: This is the first large population-based study of the prevalence of age-related enuresis in Assiut; but it does not differ much from those reported in other parts of the world. Enuretic children and their parents are mildly concerned about enuresis. Investigations for monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis are not of considerable diagnostic value or cost effectiveness

effect of different methods of blanching on the quality attributes of frozen spinach [spinacia oleracea]

Different blanching methods were adapted to remove oxalates from frozen spinach. Blanching by steam, boiling water, 2% boiling citric acid solution, 2% boiling Mg citrate solution, and by boiling water before the addition of 0.5gm. Mg citrate/500gm. Spinach before packing; were investigated. Frozen spinach prepared by these blanching methods was analyzed and compared for total solids, total soluble solids, pH value, vitamin C, chlorophyll retention%, carotenoids, oxalates, minerals and ash. Organoleptic evaluation of the final products; statistically analyzed, showed that the best treatment was that of the combined effect of water blanching and the insertion of 0.5gm. Mg citrate in each 0.5 kilogram pouch of frozen spinach

Biphenyl absorption of treated orange

Absorption rate of biphenyl was determined in used pads, whole orange fruit, peel and juice stored under different conditions of ventilation, temperature and storage period. It was found that the rate of biphenyl a bsorption complied with the maximum permitted level of biphenyl in the United States and in most of the European Countries if packed in vented cartons as it is usually done commercially. However, with non-vented cartons, the absorption rate increased above the upper level of the a bsorbed biphenyl permitted by both Germany and France, when stored at 60F. Generally the non-vented cartons efficiently decreased the rate of orange decay compared with vented ones

Utilization of beet molasses in the production of lactic acid

The influence of various factors on the production of lactic acid using enriched beet molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii was investigated. The best yield was 62.6% while the conversion coefficient was 80.7 at 45C. Also, the highest yield and conversion coefficient obtained 81.4% and 58.7% respectively when using 12.62% sugars. Consequently, the best concentration could be around 18% total soluble solids. Optimum pH seemed to be around 6 since both yield and conversion percent was the highest. The optimum fermentation period, however; could be considered on the 8[th] day of fermentation, when maximum yield and conversion coefficient were obtained

Improving the nutritional value of patti beans

Patti Beans of different blends containing distinct pulses, [i.e., broad beans, soybeans, and chick-peas, whole egg and some green herbs] were evaluated for their protein content, ether extract, ash, starch, fiders, calcium, and phosphorus content. However; emphasis were given to their amino acids content revealing that after frying the best blends were those consisting of 70% broad beans, and 30% soybeans [blend No. 40], 80% broad beans, 10% soybeans, and 10% chick-peas [blend No. 10], and 80% broad beans and 20% soybeans [blend No. 6], since the proportion of the sulphur amino acids, which could be considered a limiting factor, were 2.840, 2.653 and 2.631 respectively. The frying process however; seemed to destroy the available amino acids to an extent of 16.510%, 6.550%, and 6.199%, for tryptophan, lysine, and cystine; respectively. The destruction of other amino acids ranged from 0.732% to 4.204%. The addition of egg did not increase the amino acids contents, but it improved the flavour of the product. The best blend which had the highest flavour scores was No.10

better recipe to upgrade the nutritional value of bisara

The Bisara is usually made of dehulled broad beans [Vicia faba, Linen] mixed with green herds and spices. However, its content of protein is low both in quality or quantity. Blending such ingredients with soybeons and/or%ckpeas resulted in raising the proportion of methonine and cystine to almost the value suggested by the F.A.O. The addition of milk solids, however, plus the prementioned in gredients resulted in improving such proportion of sulphuramino acids as well as producing a better flavour. On the other hand, the N.P.U. values were in line with improving values of sulphur-containing amino acid proportion. The best blend, however, was that which contained 70% dehulled dry broad bean, 10% soybeans, 4.5% check peas, 5% onion, 1% garlic 9% green herbes, and 0.5% dried yeast [blend No.5]

Trials to raise the nutritional value of dried lentil soup recipes

Different recipes of dried lentil soup were prepared in various blends. The ingredients that incorporated were dried dehulled cracked lentil dried soybeen seeds, dried%ck-peas seeds, fresh carrots, fresh tomato, and fresh onion. The former blends ingredients were cooked under pressure, then strained and dried in open oven at 70C. The dried blends were milled and sieved to reach a 95% extraction ratio. Then the resulted powder were mixed to other dry ingredients to form different blends. Such blends however, were able to raise the nutritional values without impairing the organoleptic properties. Protein was raised quantitatively and adapted qualitatively to meat the F.O.A. pattern. Best blend was that [No.6], which included lentil, soybean,%ck-peas, carrot, tomato, onion, and dried whole egg

Production and evaluation of protein isolates of some legumes

The extracted nitrogen was performed and evaluated at different pH values. The protein isolates, however; were prepared from soybeans, broad beans, white bean, peas, and peanut. The physical properties, such as the degree of protein solubility at different pH values were studied and discussed. In addition the protein isolates were tested mainly for their amino acid profile as well as for their characteristic chemical components. It was detected however; that such protein isolates were deficient in the sulfer amino acids, methionine plus cystine, a matter that limited their nutritive value as was confirmed by the biological study done on experimental rats