ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the renoprotective effect of aspirin-triggered lipoxins(ATL)on kidney of mice with acute kidney injury(AKI).Methods Eighty-eight male specific pathogen-free(SPF)C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into lipopolysaccharide(LPS)groups(including 2 h group,4 h group,8 h group,12 h group, 24 h group),ATL+LPS(including 2 h group,4 h group,8 h group,12 h group,24 h group)and normal control group according to random numble table,and each group had 8 mice.The mice in LPS groups were given LPS intraperitoneal injection to establish AKI animal models,while the mice in ATL+LPS groups were given ATL intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before LPS intraperitoneal injection.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the serum creatinine(Scr),serum urea nitrogen(BUN),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),cysteine-rich protein-61 (Cyr61)and netrin-1 levels of mice.Results The kidney tissue injury scores of mice of ATL+LPS group[4 h:(22.32 ± 1.04)scores,8 h:(31.11 ± 1.86)scores,12 h:(18.22 ± 0.92)scores,24 h:(20.87 ± 3.18)scores] were lower than those of LPS group at the corresponding time points[4 h:(35.47 ± 2.27)scores,8 h:(52.28 ± 2.82) scores,12 h:(54.99 ± 4.56)scores,24 h:(53.41 ± 4.76)scores],and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).The values of Scr,BUN,TNF-α and IL-1β in ATL+LPS group[Scr 8 h:(143.07 ± 5.02)μmol/L, BUN 12 h:(33.07 ± 3.52)mmol/L,TNF-α 4 h:(196.33 ± 14.181)ng/L and 8 h:(221.77 ± 10.11)ng/L,IL-1β 4 h:(50.25 ± 2.67 ng/L)]were lower than those in LPS group at the corresponding time points[Scr 8 h:(227.43 ± 11.17)μmol/L,BUN 12 h:(59.68 ± 3.84)mmol/L,TNF-α 4 h:(267.87 ± 26.48)ng/L and 8 h:(334.78 ± 21.08)ng/L,IL-1β 4 h:(89.45 ± 5.87)ng/L],and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). The urine NGAL[4 h:(56.76 ± 4.01)μg/L,8 h:(65.44 ± 7.81)μg/L],KIM-1[8 h:(78.19 ± 9.48)μg/L] and netrin-1[8 h:(40.12 ± 2.01)ng/L,12 h:(36.87 ± 2.87)ng/L]of mice in ATL+LPS group were lower than those in LPS group at the corresponding time points[NGAL 4 h:(168.77 ± 10.77)μg/L,8 h:(155.33 ± 8.26) μg/L;KIM-1 8 h:(124.73 ± 13.47)μg/L;netrin-1 8 h:(89.17 ± 2.74)ng/L,12 h:(81.11 ± 3.88)ng/L],and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Conclusions ATL can treat LPS-induced AKI and play a renoprotective role in the kidney.
ABSTRACT
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a relatively difficult clinical type of treatment.The major therapy measures in present include steroid and immunosuppressant.Commonly used immunosuppressant include tacrolimus,cyclosporin,cyclophosphamide,mycophenolate mofetil,ect.Tacrolimus-induced clinical remission rate is superior to other immunosuppressive agents,has been the first-line agent of SRNS.Because of the individual difference in metabolism,the drug concentration of tacrolimus should be determined periodically.In order to obtain optimal efficacy of tacrolimus and reduce renal toxicity,the treatment protocols of small doses with long courses for children with SRNS were recommended.