Comparison of 7 methods for sample size determination based on confidence interval estimation for a single proportion / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To compare different methods for calculating sample size based on confidence interval estimation for a single proportion with different event incidences and precisions.@*METHODS@#We compared 7 methods, namely Wald, AgrestiCoull add z2, Agresti-Coull add 4, Wilson Score, Clopper-Pearson, Mid-p, and Jefferys, for confidence interval estimation for a single proportion. The sample size was calculated using the search method with different parameter settings (proportion of specified events and half width of the confidence interval [ω=0.05, 0.1]). With Monte Carlo simulation, the estimated sample size was used to simulate and compare the width of the confidence interval, the coverage of the confidence interval and the ratio of the noncoverage probability.@*RESULTS@#For a high accuracy requirement (ω =0.05), the Mid-p method and Clopper Pearson method performed better when the incidence of events was low (P < 0.15). In other settings, the performance of the 7 methods did not differ significantly except for a poor symmetry of the Wald method. In the setting of ω=0.1 with a very low p (0.01-0.05), failure of iteration occurred with nearly all the methods except for the Clopper-Pearson method.@*CONCLUSION@#Different sample size determination methods based on confidence interval estimation should be selected for single proportions with different parameter settings.

Comparative study on analgesic effect of tetrodotoxin in four acute pain models / 药学实践杂志

Objective To evaluate the analgesic effect of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in four types of acute pain models and provide experimental support for its rational application. Methods Mice or rats were intramuscularly pretreated with morphine (1 mg/kg) or TTX (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μg/kg) 40 min before acetic acid writhing test, formalin stimulation test, hot plate test or tail flick test. Pain response or pain threshold were recorded, and inhibition rate was calculated during the tests. The arachidonic acid of serum was determined by Elisa. Results Significant analgesic effects were observed with morphine in all four acute pain models. TTX dose-dependently reduced the number of writhing induced by acetic acid and inhibited the pain response induced by formalin during phase I and phase II, with the highest inhibition rate of more than 80.00% in two pain models. TTX showed analgesic effect in tail flick test and hot plate test, with the highest inhibition rate of 25.00% and 19.79%, respectively. Both acetic acid and formalin increased arachidonic acid in animal serum, but TTX had no significant inhibitory effect on the releasing of arachidonic acid. Conclusion TTX showed significant analgesic effect in the chemical stimulation pain models induced by acetic acid and formalin, but limited analgesic effect was observed on the physical stimulation pain model induced by heat (hot plate and hot water). TTX may produce analgesic effect by blocking the inflammatory mediators mediating pain response.

Progress and perspective of gene therapy / 药学实践杂志

Gene therapy is generally referred as a therapeutic method through modifying or manipulating gene expression and accordingly changing biological characteristics of living cells. With the substantial progress of vector delivery, gene editing and other relevant technologies, gene therapy has been widely applied in the research of genetic disorder, cancer and other refractory diseases. Gene therapy products have been approved in many countries and exhibited amazing therapeutic effectiveness. Big pharmaceutical companies have strategically entered this field along with many innovative entrepreneurs. Gene therapy has showed great market potential and prospect. In this review, research progresses, industrial developments, administration policies, as well as future expectations of the gene therapy were discussed.

JAG1 promotes migration, invasion, and adhesion of triple-negative breast cancer cells by promoting angiogenesis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of JAG1 on the malignant phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its role in angiogenesis in breast cancer microenvironment.@*METHODS@#The expressions of Notch molecules were detected in human TNBC 231 and 231B cells using RT-qPCR. Five female nude mice were inoculated with 231 cells and another 5 with 231B cells into the mammary fat pads, and 4-6 weeks later, the tumors were collected for immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence tests. 231 cells and 231B cells were treated with recombinant JAG (rJAG) protein and DAPT, respectively, and changes in their malignant phenotypes were assessed using CCK-8 assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, wound healing assay, Transwell chamber assay and endothelial cell adhesion assay. Western blotting was used to detect the changes in the expressions of proteins related with the malignant phenotypes of 231 and 231B cells. The effects of conditioned medium (CM) derived from untreated 231 and 231 B cells, rJAG1-treated 231 cells and DAPT-treated 231B cells on proliferation and tube formation ability of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated using CCK-8 assay and tube-forming assay.@*RESULTS@#The expression of JAG1 was higher in 231B cells than in 231 cells (P < 0.05). Tumor 231B showed higher expression of VEGFA and CD31. Compared with 231-Blank group, the migration, invasion and adhesion of 231 cells in 231-rJAG1 were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). Protein levels of Twist1 and Snail increased (P < 0.01), anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 increased (P < 0.05), while DAPT inhibited the related phenomena and indicators of 231B. The 231-rJAG1-CM increased the cell number and tubule number of HUVEC (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#JAG1 may affect the malignant phenotype of TNBC and promote angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.

Expanded curettage and bone cement filling combined with internal fixation for the treatment of Campanacci III giant cell tumour of knee joint / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate clinical effects of expanded curettage and bone cement filling combined with internal fixation in treating Campanacci III giant cell tumor of knee joint.@*METHODS@#From January 2006 to December 2016, 21 patients with Campanacci III giant cell tumor of knee joint were treated by expanded curettage and bone cement filling combined with internal fixation, including 11 males and 10 females with an average age of(35.24±10.56) years old (ranged from 21 to 61 years old). The courses of disease ranged from 1.5 to 24.0 months with an average of(8.1±4.4) months. Among them, 8 patients were distal femur and 13 patients were proximal tibia. All patients were primary tumors. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society(MSTS) scores were used to evaluate lower limb function before and after operation. X-ray was used to observe healing of lesions and the occurrence of adverse reactions.@*RESULTS@#All incisions were healed at grade A without complications such as infection and internal fixation failure. All patients were followed up from 8 to 56 months with an average of (29.62±9.48) months. MSTS score at the latest follow-up 26.71±2.35 was higher than that of before operation 15.24±1.14, and had statistical significance(=20.160, =0.000). The results of X-ray at final following-up showed internal fixation was well, and no loosening and fracture of subchondral bone. Three patients recurred giant cell tumor and replaced with tumor prosthesis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Expanded curettage and bone cement filling with internal fixation for the treatment of Campanacci III giant cell tumor of knee joint could effectively retain limb function and reduce tumor recurrence rate.

Establishment of a HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5and NF-κB responsive reporter / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To construct the lentivirus plasmids of human Toll like receptor-5(TLR5)and nuclear factor(NF)-κB signaling pathway responsive luciferase and green fluorescent protein(GFP)reporters,and establish a HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporters. Methods The TLR5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were cloned to lenti?viral expressing plasmid pWSLV-puro and pWSLV-nanluc-GFP,respectively. The recombinant plasmids,pWSLV-hTLR5-puro and pWSLV-5×NF-κB-nanluc-GFP were respectively transfected with packaging plasmid into HEK293T cells in order to package lentivirus. The lentivirus was used to coinfect HEK-293 cells,and the positive clones stably expressing TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporter (HEK293-N-T)were generated using colony-purification in present of puromycin and fluorescence activated cell sorting. The cells ex?pressing TLR5 were confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Additionally,the cells expressing NF-κB responsive reporter were confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and luciferase quantitative assay. Results The results of recombinant plasmids digestion identification and the sequencing of cDNA showed that the sequences inserted into the plasmid and the expected sequences of hTLR 5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were completely consistent. It was confirmed that the hTLR5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were correctly inserted into the vectors,and that the recombinant plasmids,pWSLV-hTLR5-puro and pWSLV-5 × NF-κB-nanluc-GFP, were successfully constructed. Additionally,Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis showed that TLR5 were stably expressed in a high level in the HEK293-N-T cells and located in the cell membranes. Moreover,the results of fluorescence microscopy and lucif?erase quantitative assay indicated that the NF-κB responsive reporter could reflect the activation of NF-κB signaling in a dose-depen?dent manner. Conclusion The HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporter has been successful?ly established and the HEK293-N-T cells can be used for the screening and evaluation of drugs target to TLR5.

Establishment of a HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporter / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To construct the lentivirus plasmids of human Toll like receptor-5(TLR5)and nuclear factor(NF)-κB signaling pathway responsive luciferase and green fluorescent protein(GFP)reporters, and establish a HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporters. Methods The TLR5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were cloned to lentiviral expressing plasmid pWSLV-puro and pWSLV-nanluc-GFP, respectively. The recombinant plasmids, pWSLV-hTLR5-puro and pWSLV-5×NF-κB-nanluc-GFP were respectively transfected with packaging plasmid into HEK293T cells in order to package lentivirus. The lentivirus was used to coinfect HEK-293 cells, and the positive clones stably expressing TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporter (HEK293-N-T)were generated using colony-purification in present of puromycin and fluorescence activated cell sorting. The cells expressing TLR5 were confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Additionally, the cells expressing NF-κB responsive reporter were confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and luciferase quantitative assay. Results The results of recombinant plasmids digestion identification and the sequencing of cDNA showed that the sequences inserted into the plasmid and the expected sequences of hTLR5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were completely consistent. It was confirmed that the hTLR5 and 5×NF-κB-binding sites genes were correctly inserted into the vectors, and that the recombinant plasmids, pWSLV-hTLR5-puro and pWSLV-5×NF-κB-nanluc-GFP, were successfully constructed. Additionally, Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis showed that TLR5 were stably expressed in a high level in the HEK293-N-T cells and located in the cell membranes. Moreover, the results of fluorescence microscopy and luciferase quantitative assay indicated that the NF-κB responsive reporter could reflect the activation of NF-κB signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The HEK-293 cell line stably expressing human TLR5 and NF-κB responsive reporter has been successfully established and the HEK293-N-T cells can be used for the screening and evaluation of drugs target to TLR5.

The clinical features of breast cancer in young patients / 肿瘤

Objective: To explore and compare the clinical and pathologic features of breast cancer between the young women ( 0.05). The proportion of Luminal B was higher in the young patients than that in the elder patients. The median survial time was not significantly different between the young and the elder patients (58.2 vs 45.8 months, P > 0.05). The univariate analysis revealed that PR-negative and lymph node and distant metastases were associated with lower five-year survival rate in young patients (P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis revealed that lymph node and distant metastases were independent prognostic factors in young patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Young patients with breast cancer have more poor prognostic factors than the elders, such as later stages of tumor size and lymph node, more proportion of type Luminal B, and higher rate of breast-conserving radical surgery, but the overall survival between the young and the elder patients had no significant difference.

Biological agents against radiation:Research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

The application of nuclear energy and nuclear technology has brought great convenience to human beings, but also greatly increases the potential risk of people exposed to radiation injury. Radioprotectants could reduce morbidity or mortality produced by ionizing irradiation. Substantial efforts to develop medically effective radioprotectant were initiated for a long time. The research of radioprotectant with good protection effect and low toxicity has become the focus, and some candidate drugs have been found. The biological agents, as the preventive and therapeutic medical measures for the acute radiation syndrome, have exhibited a good prospect. This review is an attempt to provide vital information about the current status of some representative biological radioprotectants and their future perspective.

Biological agents against radiation:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

The application of nuclear energy and nuclear technology has brought great convenience to human beings, but also greatly increases the potential risk of people exposed to radiation injury. Radioprotectants could reduce morbidity or mortality produced by ionizing irradiation. Substantial efforts to develop medically effective radioprotectant were initiated for a long time. The research of radioprotectant with good protection effect and low toxicity has become the focus, and some candidate drugs have been found. The biological agents, as the preventive and therapeutic medical measures for the acute radiation syndrome, have exhibited a good prospect. This review is an attempt to provide vital information about the current status of some representative biological radioprotectants and their future perspective.

Transnasal endoscopic removal of orbital apex cavernous hemangioma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the strategy and indications of endoscopic transnasal resection of orbital apex cavernous hemangiomas (OACH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven patients aged from 30 to 62 years-old diagnosed as OACH bypostoperative histopathology were reviewed retrospectively. Four males and 7 females were included. Both ophthalmological examination and rhinologic evaluation were adopted preoperatively. The surgeries were carried out under general anesthesia endoscopically by the same senior surgeon. After ethmoidectomy, the orbital lamina papyracea was opened, and the orbital fat and muscles were pushed back into the orbit by using the brain cotton, and then the orbital tumor was removed. The patients were kept follow-up both in ophthalmologic and rhinologic departments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As suggested by preoperative imagings, 4 lesions located in the extraconal space (nasal side), 6 between the optic nerve and the internal rectus muscle of the intraconal space, and 1 outside the optic nerve in the intraconal space. Total resection was achieved in 9 cases, and orbital decompressions were done in 2 cases. Meanwhile, orbital wall reconstruction was done in 7 cases. The follow up ranged from 6 to 47 months. Seven patients achieved visual acuity improvement and no deteriorations were found in other 4 patients. Defects of vision field in 3 patients disappeared after 2 weeks. No operative or postoperative complications occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The OACH located in the nasal side of extraconal space and between the optic nerve and the internal rectus muscle of the intraconal space can be accessed endoscopically by intranasal approach. Using the brain cotton to push the orbital fat and muscles back into the orbit and an experienced endoscopic surgeon are important to access a successful intranasal endoscopic removal of orbital apex tumor.</p>

Expression of TGF-β1 protein in orbital bone after enucleation with placement of an orbital implant / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Placement of an orbital implant is a main way to prevent orbital atrophy with aging.But its mechanism is under clear.Researchs showed that bone growth factors play important role during the development and repair of bone,especially transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).Objective Present study was to investigate the expression of TGF-β1 protein in orbital bone after enucleation or enucleation with placement of an orbital implant and its function in the mechanisms of preventing and treating the orbital malformed development after enucleation with placement of an orbital implant.Methods Twenty-one age- and weight-matched New Zealand white young rabbits were randomly divided into the enucleation,implant and control groups,and each group including seven rabbits.Eyeball nucleation surgery was performed in the left eyes of 7 1-month-old rabbits,and a spherical orbital implant was inserted after enucleation of the left in matched rabbits in implant group.The left eye of normal rabbits served as controls.The rabbits were sacrificed in 1 month after surgery.The expression of TGF-β1 protein in the left orbital bone was detected using enzyme immunoassay and FITC labelling immunoassay technique in the sections of zygomatic bones.The content of TGF-β1 protein in the left orbital bone tissue was measured by ELISA method.This use of animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The height and width of orbital in enucleation group were significantly lower than those of implant and normal control groups(height:P=0.00,P=0.00;width:P =0.00,P=0.00).The positive bone cells of both enzyme immunoassay and FITC staining were increased in the implant and control groups in comparison with enucleation group,but the positive response intensity for TGF-β1 was resembled between implant group and control group.ELISA result revealed that the content of TGF-β1 protein in bone tissue was significantly lower in the enucleation group than in implant and control groups(P=0.00,P=0.00).The expression and content of TGF-β1 protein in bone tissue is similar between the implant group and the control group(P=0.41). Conclusion The experiment results indicate that TGF-β1 protein participate in the orbital development.TGF-β1 played important role in the prevention and treatment of enucleation-induced orbital malformation in the eye with placement of an orbital implant.

Sphenoid wing meningioma en plaque: report of 37 cases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Sphenoid wing meningioma en plaque is a special morphological subgroup of intracranial meningiomas, defined by a carpet-like, soft tissue component that infiltrates the dura and invades the sphenoid wing and orbit associated with a significant hyperostosis. This report summarized our experiences in 37 patients with sphenoid wing meningioma en plaque who had been treated with transcranio-orbital approach surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was made on clinical manifestations, neuroradiological features, and operative techniques in 37 patients undergoing transcranio-orbital approach from Sep. 1998 to Apr. 2009. Patients ages: 16 years to 67 years, 45.5 years in average; sex: 15 males, 22 females. Chief complaints were progressive proptosis and visual acuity deficits. All patients were operated on using a fronto-temporal approach with orbital decompression. The extent of tumor resection and postoperative complications were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Simpson grade II resection was achieved in 9 patients, Simpson grade III in 22 patients and Simpson grade IV in 6 patients. Pathological examination showed 27 (73%) patients were meningothelial meningiomas. After surgery, proptosis improved in all patients, visual acuity improved in 18 patients (69%). Temporary ophthalmoplegia was found in 8 patients, cerebrospinal fluid leak was found in 1 patient. Duration of follow up was from 3 months to 9 years, tumor recurred in 7 patients, and 5 patients underwent second surgery, including two trans-nasal endoscopic surgeries to resect sphenoid sinus-involved tumor. There were no operation-related deaths or other significant complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sphenoid wing meningioma en plaque, mainly meningothelial meningiomas, are more likely to produce adjacent hyperostosis and have characteristic radiological appearances. All the hyperostosis bone of the great wing of sphenoid bone should be removed to prevent recurrence. Extensive tumor removal with bony decompression at the orbital apex can produce satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcome. Close co-operation between the neurosurgeons and the ophthalmologists is important.</p>

Effects of immunotherapy with infantile recurrent respiratory tract infection by Chinese materia medica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Chinese materia medica on immune intervention of infantile recurrent respiratory tract infection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Thirty-one children of recurrent respiratory tract infection were randomly divided into two groups: therapy group was treated with oral Chinese materia medica (b. i. d), control group was only treated with oral carboxymethyl liquor (< 4 years, 3 mL; 4-7 years, 5 mL; > 7 years, 7 mL, t. i. d). The change of IL-12,TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-13, IL-6 and IL-4 in different time were observed and analyzes.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the control group, the level of IL-12 and IL-2 was significantly increased after treatment of oral Chinese materia medica (P < 0.01), however, the level of TNF-alpha, IL-13, IL-4, and IL-6 was decreased after treatment (P < 0.01). During one years follow-up study, the frequency of respiratory infection every year of therapy group was significantly decreased than that of control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese materia medica could prevent infantile recurrent respiratory tract infection effectively, increase humoral immunity function and ensure normal growth in children.</p>

Transcranial approach for resecting spheno-orbital meningiomas / 眼科

Objective To explore the effect and safety of transcranial approach for spheno-orhital meningioma. Design Retro- spective case series. Participants Thirty-two patients being operated with transcranial approach. Twenty-four cases were meningothelial meningiomas, 3 cases were fibrous meningiomas, 1 case was psammomatous meningioma, 2 cases were atypital meningiomas, 2 case were malignant meningiomas. Methods All patients underwent frontal-temporal craniotomy, the involved sphenoid wing bone and peri- orbit were removed to prevent recurrence. The superior orbital fissure and optic canal were decompressed, the dural and periorbital de- feet were repaired by autogenous temporal fascia or artificial dura. Main Outcome Measures Preoperative and postoperative exoph- thalmus and eyeball movement, the extent of tumor resection, the ratio of recurrence. Results The extent of tumor resection: 8 cases were Simpson gradeⅡ, 20 cases Simpson gradeⅢ, 4 cases Simpson grade IV. After surgery, proptosis were improved in all patients, ophthalmoplegia was found in 6 eases. There was no operation-related death or other significant complication. Tumor recurred in 6 cas- es. Conclusions Adequate exposure of the tumor and bony decompression of the cranial nerves can result from transcranial approach, all the involved bone should be removed in order to prevent recurrence. This approach is relatively safe and the ptoptosis are improved significantly. Complete surgical resection is difficult because of the involvement of the orbital apex, superior orbital fissure and cav- ernous sinus.

Effect of liposomal transfection of cyclin A antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASON) on HL-60 cell proliferation and apoptosis / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of liposomal transfection of cyclin A antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASON) on HL-60 cell proliferation and apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By liposomal transfection, cyclin A ASON was co-cultured with HL-60 cells, the cell growth curve was determined by MTT assay and cell apoptosis electron-microscopy in situ cell apoptosis detection kit (POD), the protein and mRNA of cyclin A and bcl-2 were measured by FACS and RT-PCR, the role of cyclin A ASON in the development of leukemia was tested by the tumor formation in nude mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) In the cyclin A ASON liposomal transfection group (group A), the proliferation of HL-60 cell was significantly inhibited as compared to those in cyclin A ASON group (group B) (68.9% vs 24.8%) (P < 0.01). (2) The expressions of cyclin A and bcl-2 of group A were significantly lower than those in the control group (1.1% vs 38.8%, P < 0.01; 21.9% vs 65.0%, P < 0.01, respectively), and the DNA ladder and apoptosis body was displayed. (3) In group A, the rate of tumor formation in nude mice was lower, the time for tumor formation was longer and the volume of tumor was smaller than those in control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Liposomal transfection of cyclin A ASON can inhibit in vitro proliferation of leukemia cells and induce in vivo apoptosis of the tumor cell, which might provide a new target for gene therapy.</p>

Relation between Beta-2-glycoprotein I and hepatitis B virus surface antigen / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the binding character between Beta-2-glycoprotein I (Beta-2-GPI) and HBsAg.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Beta-2-GPI was purified from human plasma and labelled with biotin. Solid phase enzyme linked absorbance assay was used to investigate its binding with HBsAg.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Biotinylated Beta-2-GPI was found to bind HBsAg and the reaction could be inhibited by excess unlabelled Beta-2-GPI.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Beta-2-GPI may play a role in hepatitis B virus infection.</p>

CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotide is the ideal adjuvant for development of a Helicobacter pylori vaccine / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate whether a novel mucosal adjuvant (DNA containing six base pair motifs consisting of an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide flanked by two 5′ purines and two 3′ pyrimidines, CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG ODN),which has not been shown to have significant toxicity,could be an ideal mucosal adjuvant for the development of a H. pylori vaccine in mice model. Methods C57BL/6 mice were orally or intranasally immunized with H. pylori whole cell sonicate(WCS) / cholera toxin (CT) or WCS /CpG ODN, and the corresponding control groups were set. Mice were dosed once a week for four weeks. One week after the last immunization, all animals were challenged by live H. pylori (5?10 8) three times in a five day duration. Two and 8 weeks after the last challenge, all animals were sacrificed to examine infection of H. pylori. Sera, saliva, gastric juice were collected to measure the concentrations of IgG, IgG1, IgG2a and IgA by ELISA. Results The protecting rates against H. pylori infection were 75%(9/12), 70% (7/10) and 0 (0/10) in the group of WCS/CT orally, WCS/CpG ODN intranasally and WCS/CpG ODN orally, respectively. Significantly higher levels of serum IgG2a antibody was found in the group immunized with WCS plus CpG ODN than those found in the sham immunized controls ( P

Molecular mechanism of Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) resistance to clarithromycin. Methods The E test was used to determine clarithromycin resistant strains of H.pylori , and PCR Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis for 23S rRNA domain V gene mutations. Results Of nine clarithromycin resistant stains of H.pylori , including six primary and three acquired resistant strains, eight were found to have an A to G mutation in 23S rRNA domain V at position 2144. Conclusions The results indicated that the majority (88.8%) of clarithromycin resistant isolates of H.pylori in Shanghai have an A2144G mutation in 23S rRNA domain V.

Oxidative modification of rat β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate oxidative modification of β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ in vit ro.Methods:Rat β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ was purified and characterized,then oxidize d by hypoxanthine plus xanthine oxidase as a supreroxide free radical generating system;carbonl groups of β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ were detected by the reaction w ith 2,4-dinitrophenylhudrazine.Results:There was a significant increase of carbonyl groups formation in β2- glycoprotein Ⅰ oxidized in comparison with native β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ (P <0.05). Conclusion:Carbonyl groups have been formed in vitro on rat β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ after oxidative modification using hypoxanthine plus xanthine oxidase system.