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1.
Rev. pediatr. electrón ; 18(1): 11-25, abr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369695

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los cuidados de calidad de los supervivientes incluyen vigilancia de la recurrencia y de segundos tumores, intervención en el control de síntomas y de necesidades psicosociales y coordinación del cuidado. OBJETIVO: Conocer la calidad de vida en los niños sobrevivientes de cáncer que son vistos en la consulta externa del servicio de Oncología Pediátrica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en la consulta externa del Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica del Centro Médico Nacional 20 de noviembre ISSSTE, con 16 pacientes supervivientes de Tumor de Sistema Nervioso Central aplicando Inventario de calidad de vida. (PedsQL MT) Resultados: La dimensión menos afectada fue la social con una media de 73.44 seguida de la física tuvo una media de 71.87, con emocional media de 67.19 y la escolar fue la que menos afectada estuvo con media de 68.75. CONCLUSIÓN: Es fundamental que el médico detecte problemas tardíos derivados del tratamiento y de la enfermedad, prevenir complicaciones y secuelas graves, otorgar ayuda al niño y a su familia para integrarse a la sociedad necesarias para enfrentar a la sociedad e integrarse a ella sin dificultades, logrando así una mejor calidad de vida.


INTRODUCTION: Quality care survivors include surveillance of recurrence and second tumors, intervention in the control of symptoms, psychosocial needs and coordination of care. OBJECTIVE: To determine the quality of life in childhood cancer survivors who are seen in outpatient pediatric oncology service. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was performed in the outpatient clinic of pediatric oncology of National Medical Center "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE, with 16 surviving patients of central nervous system tumor applying quality of life inventory. (PedsQL TM) RESULTS: The least affected was the social dimension with an average of 73.44 followed by physics which had an average of 71.87, emotional with a mean of 67.19 and school was the least affected with an average of 68.75. CONCLUSIONS: It is essential that the physician detected late problems from treatment and disease, prevent complications and serious sequelae, grant helps the child and family to join the society and integrate it seamlessly, making a better quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Quality of Life , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/psychology , Survivors/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 48(3): 149-157, set. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-642002

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La presencia de nódulos tiroideos palpables en la población general, es uno de los signos clínicos tiroideos más frecuentes en la práctica diaria. Objetivos: 1) establecer la prevalencia de las distintas patologías en bocio nodular único palpable y analizar sus características y su relación con los resultados citológicos. 2) analizar la existencia de diferencias regionales en Argentina. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 739 pacientes con bocio nodular único palpable evaluados entre el 1/1/2000 y el 31/12/2001 en Centros de Buenos Aires, Bahía Blanca, Mendoza y La Pampa. Se recabaron datos de examen clínico, ecografía tiroidea, TSH, ATPO y citología por punción con aguja fina. (PAAF). Fue utilizado para el análisis estadístico Correlación de Pearson, X2 y Test de Fisher. Resultados: la edad (X ± DS) fue 46,3 ± 14 años, 93,1 % eran de sexo femenino. El 1,6 % tenía historia de radiación en cuello y el 29,9 % antecedentes familiares de patología tiroidea. Hallazgos clínicos: disfagia en el 7,9 %, disfonía 3,5 %, crecimiento nodular en los últimos 6 meses 19,2 %, consistencia dura el 24,7 %, fijeza a estructuras adyacentes 1,5 % y adenopatías en el 3 %. Hallazgos bioquímicos: TSH normal en el 81,2 % y ATPO positivos en el 30,3 % de los casos. Características Ecográficas: nódulos sólidos: 53,1 %, hipoecoicos: 63,8 %, microcalcificaciones 10,3 %, halo incompleto: 15 %, multinodular: 30,5 %, tiroides heterogénea: 60,2 % y adenopatías: 3,8 %. Hallazgos citológicos: En el 86,8 % de los casos fue necesario solo una punción para llegar al diagnóstico. Insatisfactorio (excluyendo quiste): 3,2 %: benignos: 77,3 %; sospechosos: 12,6 % y cáncer: 7 % (42 papilar, 2 medular y 3 sin especificar). Una correlación significativa (p<0,02) fue observada entre citología maligna y crecimiento rápido, dureza, fijeza a estructuras vecinas, nódulo sólido, halo incompleto y adenopatías aunque estos parámetros son más frecuentes en números absolutos en nódulos benignos. La mayoría de las cirugías fueron indicadas en base al hallazgo citológico. El diagnóstico histológico de los 96 pacientes que fueron operados mostró 51 carcinomas, de los cuales solo dos tenían citología benigna y 31 adenomas. Conclusión: Los nódulos palpables únicos fueron más frecuentes en mujeres eutiroideas en la edad media de la vida. Un tercio tenía historia familiar de patología tiroidea, similar al porcentaje hallado de ATPO positivos. Por ecografía los nódulos fueron predominantemente sólidos, hipoecoicos, únicos con resto de la glándula tiroides heterogénea. La PAAF fue predominantemente benigna. El crecimiento rápido, la dureza, la fijeza a estructuras adyacentes, el halo incompleto y la presencia de adenopatías fueron relacionados con malignidad, pero la benignidad fue más frecuente. En la mayoría de los pacientes la cirugía fue recomendada por los hallazgos citológicos. Nuestros resultados son similares a los reportados en otras áreas geográficas.


Introduction: the presence of palpable thyroid nodules in the general population is one of the most common clinical signs of thyroid disease in daily practice. Objectives: 1) To assess the prevalence of pathologies, clinical and cytological findings of single palpable thyroid nodules (SPTN) in Argentina. 2) Analyze the regional differences in Argentina. Methods: Prospective study of 739 patients with STPN were evaluated at centres in Buenos Aires, Bahía Blanca, Mendoza, and La Pampa between 1/1/00 and 12/31/01. Clinical examination, thyroid ultrasound scan (US), TSH, TPOAb and fine needle aspirations (FNA) were performed. Statistics: Pearson Correlation, X2 & Fisher Tests. Results: Age (X ± SD) 46 ± 14ys: 93.1 % were women. Previous history of neck radiation & familial thyroid disease were found in 1.6 and 29.9 % respectively. Clinical findings: dysphagia: 7.9 %; dysphonia: 3.5%; nodule growth: 19.2 %; hard consistence: 24.7 %; fixation to adjacent structure: 1.5 % and lymphadenopathies (ADP): 3 %. Biochemical findings: TSH was normal in 81.2 % & TPOAb+ in 30.3 %. US features: solid: 53.1 %; hypoechoic: 63.8 %; microcalcifications: 10.3 %; incomplete halo: 15 %; more than 1 nodule: 30.5 %; thyroid heterogeneity: 60.2 % and ADP: 3.8 %. Cytology: Only 1 FNA was needed in 86.8%. Unsatisfactory (excluding cysts): 3.2 %; benign: 77.2%; suspicious: 12.6 % and cancer: 7 % (42 papillary, 2 medullary and 3 non specified). A significant correlation (p<0.02) was established between malignant nodules and rapid growth, hard, fixed, solid nodule, incomplete halo and ADP, though these parameters were more frequent (in absolute number) in benign nodules. Surgery was mainly indicated based on FNA results. Histological diagnosis of 96 patients who underwent surgery showed 51 carcinomas, of which only 2 were cytologically benign and 31 adenomas. Conclusion: Palpable single nodules were more frequent in middle aged euthyroid women. One third had familial thyroid pathology, similar to the presence of TPOAb. On US, nodules were predominantly solid, hypoechoic, single with heterogeneous thyroid gland. FNA was predominantly benign. Rapid growth, hard, fixed, solid nodule, incomplete halo and ADP were associated with malignancy, but benignity was more common. In most of the patients surgery was recommended based on cytological findings. Our results are similar to those reported in other geographic areas.

3.
Rev. colomb. biotecnol ; 13(1): 80-84, jul. 2011. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-600577

ABSTRACT

El cultivo de la vainilla se lleva a cabo ampliamente por medio de propagación clonal, de manera asexual por cortes de tallos y la producción de frutos se realiza por autopolinización. Esta práctica inhibe la variación genética y la emergencia de nuevos individuos por recombinación sexual. Por lo anterior, se considera necesario realizar cruzas por propagación sexual entre especies para obtener nuevos individuos con características deseables para el cultivo. En el presente trabajo se obtuvieron híbridos de dos especies de vainilla como parte de un programa de mejoramiento genético. En general, las semillas híbridas obtenidas que presentaron mayor porcentaje de germinación fueron las cruzas interespecíficas interespecíficos de V. planifolia y V. pompona (85%), seguido de la cruza inversa V. planifolia y V. pompona (57,9%). Las semillas producto de V. pompona autopolinizada obtuvieron valores muy bajos de germinación (10,8%), mientras que las obtenidas de V. planifolia autopolinizada no presentaron germinación. El medio de cultivo más eficiente en todos los tratamientos fue el Murashige & Skoog (MS) adicionado con 400 mg/L-1 de glutamina y 80 mg/L-1 de sulfato de adenina.


The cultivation of vanilla is extensive clonal asexual propagation by cuttings and fruit production by artificial self-pollination. This feature tends to inhibit the genetic variation and the emergence of new individuals by sexual recombination. Therefore, sexual propagation between species it is considered necessary to obtain new individuals with desirable characteristics for cultivation. In this paper we were able to obtain hybrids of two species of vanilla. In general, the hybrids seeds obtained whit the higher germination percentage were interspecific crosses of V. planifolia and V. pompona (85%), followed by reverse cross V. planifolia and V. pompona (57.9%). Seeds obtained of V. pompona self-pollination were very low germination (10.8%) while those obtained from V. planifolia self-pollination showed no germination in any media culture. The most efficient medium for all treatments was the Murashige & Skoog (MS) supplemented whit 400 mg/L-1glutamine and 80 mg/L-1 of adenine sulfate.


Subject(s)
Germination/physiology , Germination/genetics , Germination/immunology , Vanilla aromatica/isolation & purification , Vanilla aromatica/analysis , Vanilla aromatica/antagonists & inhibitors , Vanilla aromatica/pharmacology , Genetic Enhancement/statistics & numerical data , Genetic Enhancement/methods
4.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 76(3): 169-174, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597581

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo sociodemográficos, obstétricos y perinatales que con más frecuencia se asocian a muerte fetal en embarazos mayores de 27 semanas. Método: De enero de 2004 a junio de 2009 en el Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, se realizó un estudio de casos y controles con 528 casos de muerte fetal de más de 27 semanas de gestación y 528 neonatos vivos cuyo nacimiento ocurrió inmediatamente después. Se comparó la frecuencia de diferentes variables maternas y fetales que en forma previa se han reportado asociadas a muerte fetal, por medio de Chi2 y prueba exacta de Fisher; se estimó la fuerza de asociación entre estas variables y muerte fetal con la razón de momios, con un intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento. Resultados: De los factores de riesgo estudiados se asociaron con muerte fetal: edad materna mayor de 35 años, escolaridad baja, multiparidad, antecedente de aborto y de muerte fetal, atención prenatal deficiente, complicaciones en el embarazo, líquido amniótico anormal, doble circular de cordón umbilical al cuello del producto y malformaciones congénitas mayores del recién nacido. No se asoció con muerte fetal, el estado civil soltero, ser primigesta, tabaquismo, sexo masculino del feto, circular simple al cuello y macrosomía fetal. Conclusiones: De los factores de riesgo asociados con muerte fetal, resalta la atención prenatal deficiente que de ser mejorada, podría disminuir la fuerza de asociación de algunas de las otras variables que se asociaron a muerte fetal.


Objective: To identify sociodemographic, obstetric and perinatal factors most frequently associated with fetal death in pregnancies over 27 weeks. Methods: From January 2004 to June 2009 at the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, we performed a case-control study of 528 stillbirths over 27 weeks gestation and 528 living infants whose birth occurred immediately afterwards. We compared the frequency of maternal and fetal variables that previously have been reported associated with fetal death by means of Chi2 and Fisher exact test, we estimated the strength of association between these variables and fetal death with odds ratios with a confidence level of 95 percent. Results: The studied risk factors associated with fetal death was: maternal age older than 35 years, low schooling, multiparity, history of abortion and stillbirth, poor prenatal care, pregnancy complications, abnormal amniotic fluid, circular double umbilical cord around the neck of product and major congenital malformations of the newborn. Single marital status, primiparity, smoking, male fetus, simple circular neck and fetal macrosomia, was not associated with fetal death. Conclusions: Risk factors associated with fetal death, like poor prenatal care emphasizes that, if improved, could decrease the strength of association of some of the other variables associated with fetal death.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Pregnancy , Fetal Death/epidemiology , Prenatal Care , Age Factors , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Gestational Age , Mexico , Pregnancy Complications , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
5.
Rev. Hosp. Niños B.Aires ; 52(238): 449-451, nov. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-667065

ABSTRACT

La etiología de los trastornos del equilibrio (TE) en pediatría difiere según los centros donde se realizan los relevamientos. En la mayoría de las series, el vértigo paroxístico benigno de la infancia (VPBI) en menores de 5 años y el vértigo asociado a migraña (VAM) en niños mayores son las causas más frecuentes. Objetivo: Describir las etiologías de los trastornos del equilibrio y vértigos en un servicio de neuropediatría. Material y métodos: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente 110 pacientes consecutivos (edad: 1-18 años, 51 niñas y 59 varones), durante 5 años, con mareos-vértigo-desequilibrio como motivo de consulta. Se revisaron los diagnósticos finales por un neuropediatra y un neurootólogo, de acuerdo a la Clasificación Internacional de Vértigo, los criterios de la Sociedad Internacional de Cefaleas para VPBI y a un algoritmo basado en la semiología y la frecuencia de las diferentes entidades. Resultados: De los 110 TE, 79 casos fueron vértigo (71,81%), 15 cinetosis (13,63%), 8 desequilibrios (7,27%), 5 mareos psicofisiológicos (4,54%), 2 presíncopes (1,81%). De los 79 vértigos: 45 (56,96%) fueron vértigos recurrentes, 20 (25,31%) fallas cócle-vestibulares, 6 fallas vestibulares (7,59%), 9 (11,39%) vértigos centrales. Las etiologías más frecuentes fueron: 18 (22,78%) VAM, 12 (15,18%) vértigos asociados a otopatías, 11 (13,92%) vértigos asociados a trauma, 8 (10,12%) VPBI y 5 (6,32%) neuritis vestibulares. Conclusiones: El VAM fue la causa más frecuente en niños mayores de 5 años y el VPBI y la otopatías fueron la causa más frecuente niños menores. El abordaje estructurado e interdisciplinario facilitó el diagnóstico de los pacientes.


Subject(s)
Child , Vertigo , Neurology
6.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 41(3): 519-530, Oct. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-549393

ABSTRACT

This review aims at providing an overview on the microbial production of vanillin, a new alternative method for the production of this important flavor of the food industry, which has the potential to become economically competitive in the next future. After a brief description of the applications of vanillin in different industrial sectors and of its physicochemical properties, we described the traditional ways of providing vanillin, specifically extraction and chemical synthesis (mainly oxidation) and compared them with the new biotechnological options, i.e., biotransformations of caffeic acid, veratraldehyde and mainly ferulic acid. In the second part of the review, emphasis has been addressed to the factors most influencing the bioproduction of vanillin, specifically the age of inoculum, pH, temperature, type of co-substrate, as well as the inhibitory effects exerted either by excess substrate or product. The final part of the work summarized the downstream processes and the related unit operations involved in the recovery of vanillin from the bioconversion medium.


Subject(s)
Chemical Oxidation , Food Production , Intellectual Property , Chemical Phenomena , Vanilla , Vanilla/microbiology , Biodegradation, Environmental , Food Samples , Methods , Methods
7.
P. R. health sci. j ; 24(1): 41-44, mar. 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-406521

ABSTRACT

The development of diarrhea in hospitalized patients is a frequently encountered clinical problem, which may be due to infectious or non-infectious causes. The purpose of this study was to identify which common community enteric pathogens, if any, are responsible for diarrheal episodes in hospitalized patients. Stool samples from 76 consecutive, hospitalized patients were analyzed utilizing routine bacterial cultures, smears for identification of ova and parasites and Enzyme-Link Immunoadsorbent Assay (ELISA) for enteric bacteria, parasites and viruses. The results obtained demonstrated that the usual community enteric pathogens were not identified as a major cause of nosocomial diarrhea. In hospital-acquired diarrhea, Clostridium difficile toxins assay was the only clinically significant test in the evaluation of these patients. As a result of this study a guideline for the management of this condition in hospitalized patients is presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Diarrhea/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Puerto Rico/epidemiology
8.
P. R. health sci. j ; 22(3): 265-271, Sept. 2003.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-355997

ABSTRACT

Few studies have been performed in Puerto Rico concerning the antimicrobial resistance pattern of clinically significant Gram-negative bacilli. The antimicrobial resistance patterns of 5,590 Gram-negative bacteria obtained from three Community-Private Hospitals (CPH) and three University-Affiliated Hospitals (UAH) were evaluated utilizing the institutions' antimicrobial susceptibility reports for the year 2000. The objectives of this study were: to retrospectively evaluate the reported in vitro resistance of clinical isolates of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, S. marcescens, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii to selected standard antibiotics and to compare the antimicrobial resistance patterns between Community-Private (CPH) and University Affiliated hospitals (UAH). E. coli was the most common Gram-negative enteric bacilli in both CPH and UAH. In UAH, E. coli demonstrated a statistically significant higher resistance to the selected beta lactams and amikacin antibiotics but not to ciprofloxacin or gentamicin. For K. pneumoniae, the antimicrobial resistant pattern showed that UAH isolates were significantly more resistant to the tested antibiotics with the exception of ceftriaxone. In CPH, E. cloacae isolates were significantly more resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, while in UAH this organism was more resistant to amikacin. In UAH, S. marcescens isolates demonstrated a statistically significant higher resistance to all tested antibiotics with the exception of imipenem, which was similar in both hospitals group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated a statistically significant higher resistance in UAH to all selected antibiotics with the exception of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, which was similar in both hospitals group. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most resistant organisms in both hospitals group. UAH isolates were significantly more resistant than CPH isolates for all tested antibiotics. When compare with other large-scale antimicrobial resistance studies, the present study results suggest an apparent higher resistance in the Puerto Rican isolates. The high numbers of antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacilli in our study strongly suggest multiple mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance including the presence of extended spectrum and chromosomally derepressed beta-lactamases.


Subject(s)
Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Hospitals, Private/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Urban/statistics & numerical data , Cross Infection/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Drug Resistance , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Puerto Rico/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Urban Population
9.
P. R. health sci. j ; 22(2): 131-136, June 2003.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-356191

ABSTRACT

The antimicrobial resistance patterns of 2,462 selected Gram-positive cocci obtained from three Community-Private Hospitals (CPH) and three University-Affiliated Hospitals (UAH) were evaluated utilizing the institutions' antimicrobial susceptibility reports for the year 2000. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the in vitro resistance to selected standard antibiotics of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates, and 2) to compare the antimicrobial resistance patterns between community-private (CPH) and university-affiliated hospitals (UAH). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common Gram-positive isolated organism in CPH (63.3 per cent) followed by E. faecalis (31.0 per cent). In UAH, the most prevalent cocci were E. faecalis (51.7 per cent) followed by S. aureus (43.9 per cent). Enterococcus faecium represented 2.3 per cent and 4.4 per cent of CPH and UAH isolates, respectively. Streptococcus pneumoniae represented 3.4 per cent of the total Gram-positive isolates from CPH, no S. pneumoniae was reported in UAH. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that for Staphylococcus aureus there was a statistically significant higher resistance to methicillin and thrimethoprim sulfamethoxazole in UAH, while resistance to erythromycin was significantly higher in CPH. There was no difference in the resistance of S. aureus to other antimicrobial agents between hospitals groups. A statistically significant resistant to vancomycin was found between enterococcal isolates from UAH (43 per cent) and CPH (12.7 per cent). High-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) was observed among UAH enterococcal isolates with E. faecium showing a higher resistance than E. faecalis, no data for HLAR in CPH could be obtained. For pneumococci 46 per cent of CPH isolates were resistant to penicillin. In summary, there are important differences in the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance between the Gram-positive bacteria isolated from community and teaching hospitals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Hospitals, Community/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Gram-Positive Cocci/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Puerto Rico/epidemiology
10.
P. R. health sci. j ; 21(4): 343-347, Dec. 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-356229

ABSTRACT

The Gram-positive cocci (GPC), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, have become important causes of community and nosocomial-acquired infections. The prevalence of multiple resistant isolates to standard antimicrobial drugs has significantly increased over the past decades. Few prospective studies have been performed in Puerto Rico (PR) concerning the GPC antimicrobial susceptibilities pattern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of GPC clinical isolates from PR to selected standard antibiotics and to the new antimicrobial agents, linezolid (LZ), quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D) and gemifloxacin (GM). The in vitro susceptibility utilizing disk diffusion and Etest methods to selected antibiotics was determined for a total of 429 isolates obtained during a period of 5 months from the Puerto Rico Medical Center Bacteriology Laboratory. The distribution of GPC collected was as follows: 213 S. aureus isolates, 162 E. faecalis, 16 E. faecium and 38 S. pneumoniae. The results of the susceptibility test demonstrated: 1) that in S. aureus, 100 per cent of the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (VAN), LZ and Q/D; 93 per cent to GM; and 61 per cent to methicillin/oxacillin; 2) in S. pneumoniae, 100 per cent were susceptible to LN and GM; 87 per cent to Q/D; and 53 per cent to penicillin; 3) in E. faecalis, 99 per cent were susceptible to ampicillin; 93 per cent to LZ; 79 per cent to GM; 78.6 per cent to VAN; and 0 per cent to Q/D. Sixty eight and 66 per cent of the E. faecalis isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and streptomycin respectively; and 4) in E. faecium, 100 per cent were susceptible to LZ; 94 per cent to Q/D; 69 per cent to GM; 37.5 per cent to VAN and 20 per cent to ampicillin. In E. faecium isolates, 50 per cent and 31 per cent were susceptible to gentamicin and streptomycin, respectively. Of the vancomycin resistant enterococci, 88.9 per cent and 21 per cent of E. faecium and faecalis showed VanA phenotypic resistance, respectively...


Subject(s)
Humans , Gram-Positive Cocci/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Prospective Studies , Puerto Rico
11.
Rev. méd. Hosp. Gen. Méx ; 64(1): 6-10, ene.-mar. 2001. tab, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-303049

ABSTRACT

Entre los procedimientos de control interno de calidad para evitar falsos negativos en citología ginecológica, la segunda revisión rápida de todos los casos negativos ha demostrado su eficacia. Para poner en práctica el procedimiento, antes de utilizarlo evaluamos la capacidad del personal del laboratorio. Se estudiaron 66 casos escogidos aleatoriamente revisándose cada laminilla en un tiempo de 30, 50 segundos, utilizando el objetivo 10x; las laminillas anormales, se separaron para ser evaluadas posteriormente. Hubo tres casos anormales que correspondieron, por diagnóstico de consenso, a cambios atípicos de etiología incierta, favoreciendo una lesión escamosa intraepitelial de bajo grado. Un observador, discrepó de los resultados obtenidos por el resto del grupo, ya que sólo identificó uno de los tres caso anormales; por esta razón, nuestros valores globales promedio disminuyeron: la sensibilidad fue de 91.6 por ciento, la especificidad de 100 por ciento, el valor predictivo positivo fue de 100 por ciento y el negativo de 99.6 por ciento, la tasa global de falsos negativos subió a 8.3 por ciento. Este estudio identifica al personal del laboratorio que está capacitado para poner en práctica el procedimiento, por lo que el observador que falló en sus apreciaciones deberá tener un adiestramiento ulterior.


Subject(s)
Quality Control , Vaginal Smears , Laboratories, Hospital , Laboratory Personnel , In Vitro Techniques , False Negative Reactions , Evaluation Study
12.
Med. infant ; 7(3): 180-184, sept. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-275449

ABSTRACT

La Cirugía ambulatoria(C.A)es una modalidad de atención que consiste en el tratamiento y alta de los pacientes con patología quirúrgica de baja complejidad durante el transcurso de un día hábil.Presenta claras ventajas para el paciente,su familia y la institucón.En el Hospital Garrahan se elaboró un programa de C.A que se comenzó em 1996 y continúa en la actualidad.La comparación de los resultados del tratamientode estos pacientes entre dos períodos de doce meses consecutivos,antes(A)y durante(B)la ejecución del programa,permitió observar diferencias significativas.Se dió un número mayor de altas,193 vs 319(9<0.001)y hubo menos suspensiones de cirugías,71 vs 54(P<0.015)aumentaron proporcionalemente las suspensiones por causas médica,31 vs 38(p<0,005)y disminuyeron las de causa no médica,40 vs 16(p<0,005)La C.A en el hospital público presenta un beneficio que se traduce en el mejor aprovechamiento de la capacidad disponible


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Day Care, Medical , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures , Pediatrics
14.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 89(4/6): 63-69, Apr.-Jun. 1997.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411467

ABSTRACT

During the summer of 1980, acute Manson's Schistosomiasis occurred in 28 pediatric patients, swimming in two ponds with no watershed connections between them, in the rural area of Juncos and Cidra, Puerto Rico. Clinical and immunological events were studied and Oxamniquine (Vansil, Pfizer) was administered to all of them and followed closely for 3 years. Fever and general malaise recorded in 93 of the patients, diarrhea and abdominal pain in 68 and urticaria or facial edema in 64. Hepato and/or splenomegaly was recorded in 71 of them. Twenty seven of the patients had evidence of immunoserological activity against adult schistosomal antigens (GASP and PSAP). Two patients had intense immunologic activity, even before the recovering of fresh Schistosoma mansoni eggs in their stool. This was a response to GASP and PSAP antigens. When they started passing fresh eggs of schistosoma and COP (Circumoval Precipitation Test) turned positive, their clinical status worsened and antibodies to GASP antigen increased two fold. The oviposition phase elicited a strong antibody and immunological reaction with significant eosinophilia and cross reaction was observed between adult schistosomal and egg shell antigens. Severe clinical manifestations were seen in spite of low egg excretion. Oxamniquine was effective in obtaining a coprological cure and in altering the immunologic response as compared with other untreated groups in literature


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Schistosomicides/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Oxamniquine/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Disease Outbreaks , Schistosomiasis/epidemiology , Puerto Rico/epidemiology
15.
Rev. cir. infant ; 6(3): 151-2, sept. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-218538

ABSTRACT

Se presentan dibujos de 2 niños sometidos a tratamientos quirurgicos y la interpretacion de los mismos durante el trabajo terapatico de psicoprofilaxis quirurgica


Subject(s)
General Surgery , Pediatrics , Psychology, Child
16.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 64(4): 345-53, jul.-ago. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-194099

ABSTRACT

Las aplicaciones de la ecocardiografía transesofágica constituyen uno de los avances más espectaculares de los últimos tiempos. La superioridad de la técnica multiplana con respecto a las sondas estándar posibilita superar las restricciones de utilizar planos de corte limitados. Se analiza la experiencia con ecocardiografía transesofágica multiplana, su metodología, técnica, aplicaciones, ventajas y rendimiento diagnóstico


Subject(s)
Humans , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Heart Valves , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Equipment and Supplies
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