An arthroscopic "inlay" Bristow procedure with suture button fixation: Surgical technique and radiology evaluation / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To introduce an arthroscopic "inlay" Bristow procedure based on the Mortise-Tenon joint structure concept using suture button fixation, and to evaluate its clinical and radiology results postoperatively with a minimal 3-year follow-up.@*METHODS@#A total of 56 patients who received arthroscopic "inlay" Bristow procedure with suture button fixation between June 2015 to June 2016 were eventually enrolled in this study. Radiological assessment on the 3D CT scan was performed preoperatively, immediately after operation, and postoperatively at the end of 3 months, 6 months and the final follow-up. Complications postoperatively were also recorded.@*RESULTS@#A total of 56 patients were finally included in this study. The mean follow-up time was (36.1±3.7) months. Coracoid grafts (middle point) were positioned at about 4 o'clock (123.8°±12.3°) in the En-face view. In the axial view, 95% (53/56) of the grafts positioning were measured as flush, 5% (3/56) as medial. Bone union rate was 96.4% at the final follow-up. At the end of 3 months, 6 months, and the final follow-up, the length of the coracoid graft was 96.9%±4.9%, 91.9%±6.2%, and 91.6%±6.6% of the immediate postoperative length, respectively. Compared with the immediate postoperative length, the length measured at the end of 3 months shortened not significantly (t=2.12, P > 0.05). The coracoid graft shortened more pronouncedly 6 months postoperatively (t=4.98, P < 0.05) and then remained almost constant over time (t=-0.75, P > 0.05), with all grafted coracoid graft retaining more than 90% of their initial length by the 3-year follow-up. And new bone formation at the junction between the coracoid graft and glenoid neck in the axial view were obviously noted in 25 cases. The quantitative evaluation showed that the glenoid area in En-face view was significantly increased at the final follow-up than that immediately after surgery [(9.72±1.22) cm2 vs. (9.42±1.11) cm2]. No degenerative changes were noted on CT images in all the patients at the final follow-up.@*CONCLUSION@#This study reported a series of "inlay" Bristow procedure with suture button fixation for recurrent shoulder dislocation, providing satisfactory union rate and excellent graft positioning. And using suture button fixation instead of screw can reduce osteolysis and complications related to hardware implantation. Moreover, the bone remodeling between the coracoid process and glenoid could be beneficial to restoring the anterior stability of shoulder joint in a long term follow-up.

Clinical Efficacy of BCG-polysaccharide Nucleic Acid Cominbed with Isotretinoin in the Treatment of Pa-tients with Plane Warts / 中国药师

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy and safety of BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid combined with isotretinoin soft capsules in the treatment of plane warts. Methods:Seventy patients with plane warts were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group(n=35). The control group were treated with isotretinoin soft capsules, limp 10mg, bid, 4 weeks to 10mg, qd. The observation group were given BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid 1ml, im, every otherday, on the basis of the contrl group. After 8 weeks of treatment, T cell populations and immunoglobulin levels were detected, and the efficacy and adverse reactions were recorded. Results:After the treatment, T cell population level, IgG and IgA of the two groups were significantly improved(P0. 05). Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid combined with isotretinoin soft capsules in the treatment of plane warts is sig-nificant with promising security.

Analysis on influence factors of medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure based on structural equation modeling / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the influence factors of medical staff blood-bome occupational exposure by structural equation modeling,in order to improve medical staff of blood-borne occupational exposure protection performance of the system to provide the theory basis for operation.Methods The influence factors of medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure and their correlation were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling fitting.Results Model fitting was ideal,hospital decision-makers and department management directly affected the behavior intention of medical staff,department management greatly influenced by the behavioral intention to the medical personnel,path coefficient was 0.27.Hospital decision-makers of behavioral intention to the medical personnel directly affect smaller,path coefficient was 0.03,but its indirect impact on behavioral intention by department management.Behavioral intention of occupational exposure protection action,the path coefficient was 0.80,behavioral intention determined the basic medical personnel blood-borne occupational exposure protection behavior.Conclusions Hospital should improve the system of standards and to establish effective communication channels,at the same time enhance the care ability.Enforcement departments should improve the standard system,equipped with adequate safety equipment,for the medical staff to provide the best working environment,so as to improve the medical staff of blood-borne occupational exposure protection behavior compliance.

Simultaneous determination six components in oolong tea by HPLC / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination five eatechins, including (+)-catechin, epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as well as caffeine in Oolong tea. METHODS: The HPLC analysis was carried out on a Grace Allitima C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), with a gradient elution acetonitrile-0.2% acetic acid at the flow rate 1.0 mL · min-1. The detective wave length was set at 280 nm, and the column temperature was set at 35℃. RESULTS: The calibration curve was linear within the range 5.95-952 μg · mL-1 for catechin, 6.36-1018 μg · mL-1 for epicatechin, 6.55-1048 μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin, 7.80-1248) μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin gallate, 10.83-1732 μg · mL-1 for epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and 13.38-2 140 μg · mL-1 for caffeine, respectively. The average recoveries for six determined marker compounds were 99.12%-102.12%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, accurate, and practical for quality control Oolong tea. There are some differences in the contents the six marker compounds in the samples from different producing areas and different collection periods.

Meta-analysis of effect on needlestick injury intervention in medical staffs / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To systematically analyze and evaluate the intervention effect of foreign and domestic research about needlestick injuries in medical staffs and provide the basis for reducing the rate of occupational exposure of medical staffs.Methods The intervention study of needlestick injuries in medical staffs between 1981 and 2013 were collected in CNKI,VIP,Wanfang and PubMed databases,Metaanalysis was conducted for the included studies by RevMan5.2 software.According to I2 and P value heterogeneity was determined,choose a fixed or random effect model to analyze and merge the data to measure the effect of the intervention by OR and 95％ confidence intervals (C I).Results The total of included studies was 19,the number of the intervention group and the control group was 20 592 and 19 855,the OR and 95％ CI of intervention effect as shown below:comprehensive intervention OR=0.40,CI 95％ (0.27～0.59),education and training OR=0.24,CI 95％ (0.11～0.55),safety management OR=0.09,CI 95％ (0.06～0.13),engineering intervention OR=0.30,CI 95％ (0.16～0.55),safe operation OR=0.15,CI 95％ (0.09～0.26).The intervention group and the control group were statistically significant on reducing the incidence of needlestick injuries.Conclusions Education and training,safety management,engineering intervention,and safe operation can reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries,improve the quality of life of medical staffs.

Failed anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: analysis of factors leading to instability after primary surgery / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery can be expected to become more common as the number of primary reconstruction keeps increasing. This study aims to investigate the factors causing instability after primary ACL reconstruction, which may provide an essential scientific base to prevent surgical failure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and ten revision ACL surgeries were performed at our institute between November 2001 and July 2012. There were 74 men and 36 women, and the mean age at the time of revision was 27.6 years (range 16 - 56 years). The factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-one knees failed because of bone tunnel malposition, with too anterior femoral tunnels (20 knees), posterior wall blowout (1 knee), vertical femoral tunnels (7 knees), too posterior tibial tunnels (12 knees), and too anterior tibial tunnels (10 knees). There was another knee performed with open surgery, where the femoral tunnel was drilled through the medial condyle and the tibial tunnel was too anterior. Five knees were found with malposition of the fixation. One knee with allograft was suspected of rejection and a second surgery had been made to take out the graft. Three knees met recurrent instability after postoperative infection. The other factors included traumatic (48 knees) and unidentified (12 knees).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Technical errors were the main factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstructions, while attention should also be paid to the risk factors of re-injury and failure of graft incorporation.</p>

Applied anatomy of the lateral tarsal artery pedicle flap on front and lateral compartment of leg and clinical application / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To explore an anatomical basis for the lateral tarsal artery pedicle flap on front and lateral compartment of leg and the feasibility of repairing skin defects on forepart of feet. Methods The branches, course and anastomosis of the lateral tarsal artery, perforator of peroneal artery up external malleolus, superficial peroneal artery were studied in 20 legs of adult cadavers.The flap was designed on these grounds. 8 cases repaired by lateral tarsal artery pedicle flap on front and lateral compartment of leg, 5 cases of skin defects on dorsum of foots, 3 cases of skin defects on footplates.The area of defect on forepart of foot was 5 cm× 4 cm-cm × 5 cm. The donor sites were resurfaced with skin grafts or sutured directly. The lateral tarsal artery, perforator of peroneal artery up external malleolus, perforator of anterior tibial artery superficial peroneal artery were anastomosed each other, formed single band blood vessel axle on lateral foot, fore external malleolus, front and lateral compartment of leg. The area of flap was 6 cm × 4 cm - 10 cm × 6 cm.Results All of the flaps survived completely. All cases were followed up, followed up 6- 12 months, averaged 8 months. The color, appearance and texture of the flaps were good, without ulcer on the flap. The patients can walk freely. Conclusion The flap on front and lateral compartment of leg should be designed according to the lateral tarsal artery. Blood supply of flap was reliable, little trauma. The flap's vessel pedicle is enough long. It could repair any defect on forepart of foots.

Repairing small wounds around ankle by medial planta island flaps pedicled with anterior tibial artery perforator in front of inner malleolus / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the application of medial planta island flaps pedicled with anterior tibial artery perforator in front of inner malleolus for repairing small wounds around ankle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Jan. 2005 to Jun. 2009, 10 cases with small wounds around ankle were treated with medial planta island flaps pedicled with anterior tibial artery perforator. The flap size ranged from 7.5 cm x 2.8 cm to 13.0 cm x 5.0 cm. The wounds at the donor sites were covered with skin grafts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 10 flaps and skin grafts were survived with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months with satisfactory cosmetic results. The 2-point discrimination was 4-6 mm when the proximal end of saphenous nerve was not injured, and it was 9-10 mm when the nerve was injured or cut off. The patients could walk with no occurrence of ulcer in flaps or donor site.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The medial planta island flaps pedicled with anterior tibial artery perforator can effectively repair the small wounds around ankle with reliable blood supply.</p>

Repair of wounds in popliteal fossa scar with perforator flaps of gastrocnemius medial head / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of perforator flaps of medial head of gastrocnemius muscle on repairing popliteal fossa scar wounds.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten patients with scar in popliteal fossa hospitalized from January 2005 to January 2010 were repaired with perforator flaps of medial head of gastrocnemius muscle. The scar was resulted from burn in 8 patients, and from operation in 2. The duration of the scar was 3 months to 11 years, and area of the scar ranging from 6 cm × 3 cm to 10 cm × 6 cm. Ultrasonic Doppler was used to detect the musculocutaneous perforator vessel of the medial sural artery at the position 10 to 17 cm from the fold of the popliteal fossa and 2 to 5 cm from the posterior midline before surgery. Then flap transplantation surgery was performed. Donor site wounds with width less than 5 cm were sutured directly, and those wider than 5 cm were repaired with skin transplantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps survived. Flap size ranged from 7 cm × 5 cm to 12 cm × 7 cm. All patients were followed up for 3 to 30 months, and the flaps were found to have a good appearance. Patients could walk with heavy load without lameness. The function of knee joint of the affected limb was the same as that of the opposite limb. No obvious depression was observed in donor sites.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The perforator flaps of medial head of gastrocnemius muscle can be used to repair the popliteal fossa scar wound with satisfactory result.</p>

Expression of COX10 in human non-obstructive azoospermia testes / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the expression of COX10 mRNA in the testes of non-obstructive azoospermia patients and normal men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cDNA microarray containing COX10 and some other genes as RBM and EIF1AY was used to identify the differential gene expression profiles in the normal and azoospermic testes. The cDNA probes were prepared by labeling mRNA from azoospermic and normal testis tissues with Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP respectively through reverse transcription. The mixed cDNA probes were then hybridized with cDNA microarray. Later the fluorescent signals were scanned and the values of Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP on each spot were calculated and analyzed. After that an ISH was employed to detect the expression of COX10 mRNA in 10 fertile and 39 non-obstructive azoospermic testes, and the expression levels were compared to evaluate the significance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We obtained 128 differentially expressed genes that might be related with azoospermia, among which 56 were up-regulated and 72 down-regulated, with the expression of COX10 significantly decreased. In situ hybridization confirmed that the mRNA expression of COX10 was stronger in the spermatogenic cells of the normal fertile than the azoospermic testes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>COX10 may play a certain role in the development and progression of azoospermia. The technique of cDNA microarray can be applied to further studies of screening non-obstructive azoospermia associated genes.</p>

A multi-center clinical trial of Qianlieantong tablets for chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy and safety of Qianlieantong Tablets in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A multi-center, self-controlled open clinical trial was conducted. A total of 280 subjects with chronic prostatitis were enrolled and treated by Qianlieantong Tablets, 3 times a day, 5 tablets each time. Before and after 2 and 4 weeks after the administration, NIH-CPSI scores and white blood cell counts in the prostate secretion were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 273 subjects evaluated, the rates of excellence, effectiveness and ineffectiveness were 35.2% (n = 96), 47.6% (n = 130) and 17.2% (n = 47), respectively, with a total effectiveness rate of 82.8%. After 4 weeks'medication, the scores of the subjects on NIH-CPSI pain, voiding and quality of life and white blood cell counts in prostate secretion were significantly decreased compared with pre-treatment (P < 0.01). No adverse events or laboratory abnormality related to the medication were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Qianlieantong Tablets has a significant effect on chronic prostatitis with high safety, particularly indicated in chronic prostatitis with pelvic pain.</p>

Change of the cell cycle after flutamide treatment in prostate cancer cells and its molecular mechanism / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the effect of androgen receptor (AR) on the expression of the cell cycle-related genes, such as CDKN1A and BTG1, in prostate cancer cell line LNCaP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After AR antagonist flutamide treatment and confirmation of its effect by phase contrast microscope and flow cytometry, the differential expression of the cell cycle-related genes was analyzed by a cDNA microarray. The flutamide treated cells were set as the experimental group and the LNCaP cells as the control. We labeled cDNA probes of the experimental group and control group with Cy5 and Cy3 dyes, respectively, through reverse transcription. Then we hybridized the cDNA probes with cDNA microarrays, which contained 8 126 unique human cDNA sequences and the chip was scanned to get the fluorescent values of Cy5 and Cy3 on each spot. After primary analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests were carried out to confirm the results of the chips.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After AR antagonist flutamide treatment, three hundred and twenty-six genes (3.93%) expressed differentially, 97 down-regulated and 219 up-regulated. Among them, eight up-regulated genes might be cell cycle-related, namely CDC10, NRAS, BTG1, Wee1, CLK3, DKFZP564A122, CDKN1A and BTG2. The CDKN1A and BTG1 gene mRNA expression was confirmed to be higher in the experimental group by RT-PCR, while p53 mRNA expression had no significant changes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Flutamide treatment might up-regulate CDKN1A and BTG1 expression in prostate cancer cells. The protein expressions of CDKN1A and BTG1 play an important role in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. CDKN1A has a great impact on the cell cycle of prostate cancer cells and may play a role in the cancer cells in a p53-independent pathway. The prostate cancer cells might affect the cell cycle-related genes by activating AR and thus break the cell cycle control.</p>

Antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin induces apoptosis of renal clear-cell carcinoma cells and enhances their sensitivity to epirubicin in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) targeting survivin on the apoptosis and proliferation of renal cancer cell line 786-O and enhancement of its sensitivity to epirubicin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ASODN targeting survivin was designed and constructed. Cultured cells were divided into 6 groups: control group, liposome group, sense oligonucleotide (SODN) group, 600 nmol/L ASODN group, and 600 nmol/L ASODN combined with epirubicin group. After transfected for 24 h, cultured cells were harvested to carry on the next tests. Cell morphological changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Survivin protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. Apoptosis index (AI) and proliferation index (PI) were examined by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Morphological abnormalities of cells were observed in ASODN transfected groups. Expression of survivin in ASODN groups were significantly decreased compared with that in the control group, liposomes group and SODN group. AI of ASODN groups was significantly higher than that in other groups. PI of ASODN groups was significantly lower than that in other groups. The PI of ASODN combined with epirubicin group was (35.7 +/- 1.67)%, but (9.3 +/- 0.34)% or (8.5 +/- 0.21)% in liposomes group or SODN group that had combined with epirubicin. The ASODN group achieved the strongest effects to enhance apoptosis in comparison with control group (P < 0.05), while SODN did not cause statistically significant change (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of survivin protein in the renal clear cell carcinoma cell line 786-O is downregulated by survivin ASODN. ASODN targeting survivin induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of 786-O cells. Inhibition of survivin enhances sensitivity of 786-O to epirubicin.</p>

Expression and significance of Rap1A in testes of azoospermic subjects / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To evaluate the Rap1A mRNA expression and its significance in the testes of normal and azoospermic subjects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cDNA microarray that contained Rap1A and some other genes such as RBM, EIF1AY was used to identify the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and azoospermic testes. cDNA probes were prepared by labeling mRNA from azoospermic and normal testicular tissues through reverse transcription with Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP, respectively. The mixed cDNA probes were then hybridized with cDNA microarray (each containing 4096 unique human cDNA sequences). The fluorescent signals were scanned and the values of Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP on each spot were analyzed and calculated. In situ hybridization was employed to detect the expression of Rap1A in the testes of 10 fertile and 39 azoospermic subjects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and twenty-eight differentially expressed genes were found to be possibly related to azoospermia, of which 56 were up-regulated and 72, down-regulated genes. The mRNA expression of Rap1A in the spermatogenic cells of azoospermic was stronger than that in those of the fertile testes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rap1A may play certain roles in the development of azoospermia.</p>

Construction of recombinant fowlpox virus expressing chicken IL-2 and assay of biologic activity of the product in vitro / 生物工程学报

In order to determine the adjuvant effects of the chicken IL-2 (ChIL-2) on new generation vaccines, ChIL-2 gene was amplified from ConA-stimulated chicken spleen cells by RT-PCR and was directionally inserted into fowlpox virus (FPV) transferring vector p1175 under the control of FPV early/late promoter (PE/L), resulting in recombinant transferring vector p1175IL2. Then the p1175IL2 plasmid was transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) pre-infected with wild type FPV to generate recombinant fowlpox virus expressing ChIL-2 (rFPV-IL2). By selection of blue plaques on the CEF, overlaid with agar containing X-gal, rFPV-IL2 was obtained and purified. The supernatant from CEF monolayer infected with rFPV-IL2 (M.O.I2.0) after 72 hours was detected for the production of ChIL-2 by XTT/PMS colorimetric assay. About 3.6 x 10(5) u/mL of specific ChIL-2 activity was determined. The results show that rFPV-IL2 can express ChIL-2 effectively. rFPV-IL2 provides us with an effective tool for studying avian immunology as well as a potential vaccine-enhancing agent.

A study of aspermia-related genes by genchips and analysis of the RAP1A gene / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and aspermia human testes by genechips.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Probes were prepared from mRNA extracted from both normal and aspermia testes and employed on Biostar H-40s genechips to detect the differential gene expression profiles. A distinctly up-regulated gene RAP1A was analyzed by bibliogrphic retrieval.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six hundred and twenty-three differential expressed genes were found, among which the distinctly up-regulated gene RAP1A was closely related to human sperm regulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Screening the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and aspermia human testes by genechips can be used in the study of aspermia-related genes.</p>

Protective effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on germ cell apoptosis in experimentally cryptorchid rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protective effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on the germ cell apoptosis in the rat cryptorchid.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immature rats (22 day-old Sprague Dawley) were subjected to unilateral cryptorchid. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group (testes still in the scrotum after operation); operation group; operation + L-NAME group(given L-NAME 10 mg/kg after operation, dip). Seven days after operation germ cell apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL). Biochemical parameters (NO, NOS) were evaluated with spectrophotometric determination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the 7th day after the operation, compared with the control, the number of apoptotic germ cells in the cryptorchid testis was increased significantly, but the testis weight was decreased predominantly(P < 0.01). The levels of NO and NOS in the cryptorchid were significantly higher than the control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The levels of NO and NOS might be involved in the germ cell apoptosis in the cryptorchid; L-NAME could protect the germ cell from apoptosis in experimentally cryptorchid rats by reducing the activity of NOS and reducing the level of NO in the testis.</p>

The relationships of PSA, FPSAR, clinical and pathological stage in patients with prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the relationship between clinical and pathological stage, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration and free-to-total PSA ratio (FPSAR) in patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and pathological stage were determined on the basis of pathological examination and clinic material in 42 prostate cancer patients treated by prostatectomy. PSA and FPSAR were measured before the operation. Spearman rank correlation was applied to evaluate the relationship between clinical and pathological stage, serum PSA concentration and FPSAR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum PSA concentration was significantly positively correlated with pathological stage(P < 0.05) but not correlated with clinical stage (P > 0.05) in prostate cancer patients. FPSAR was significantly correlated with pathological stage and negatively correlated with clinical stage in prostate cancer patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>FPSAR is a more powerful predictor of clinical stage, pathological stage and prognosis than PSA.</p>

ClONING OF NP, P AND L GENE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS OF GOOSE ORIGIN AND IDENTIFICATION OF P GENE EXPRESSION / 微生物学通报

NP, P and L gene of Newcastle disease virus of goose origin were amplified and cloned into pGEM-T easy vector and then subcloned into pCI-neo expression vector respectively, the positive clones were identified by enzyme cutting, PCR and sequencing. GFP reporter gene was inserted into the downstream of recombinant expression plasmid of P gene, which of stop codon was deleted. The experiment of transfection of P and GFP recombinant plasmid on COS-1 cells and CEF showed that GFP gene expressed, and this demonstrated that P gene was also expressed. This research may be helpful for further study of reverse genetics and functional genome of NDV of goose origin.