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Objective: To establish stable rat ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) model and compare the effect of preservation between EVLP group and cold storage group. Methods: Eight SD rats were reconditioned with EVLP for 4 h and 8 SD rats were under 3-h cold storage and 1-h EVLP. The biological index, wet-to-dry weight ratio and concentration of Evans blue were analyzed between two groups. Results: Wet-to-dry weight ratio of lung tissue in EVLP group was significantly lower (5.08±0.88 vs 6.09±0.48, P=0.012); Oxygenation index in EVLP group was significantly higher [(337.9±35.5) mmHg vs (300.5±21.6) mmHg, P=0.023]; Concentration of Evans blue in EVLP group was significantly lower [(36.5±20.3) μg/mL vs (65.0±29.9) μg/mL, P=0.043]. Conclusion: EVLP as an alternative to traditional cold storage technique can effectively alleviate the lung damage.
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Objective·To establish stable rat ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) model and compare the effect of preservation between EVLP group and cold storage group.Methods· Eight SD rats were reconditioned with EVLP for 4 h and 8 SD rats were under 3-h cold storage and 1-h EVLP.The biological index,wet-to-dry weight ratio and concentration of Evans blue were analyzed between two groups.Results · Wet-to-dry weight ratio of lung tissue in EVLP group was significantly lower (5.08±0.88 vs 6.09±0.48,P=0.012);Oxygenation index in EVLP group was significantly higher [(337.9±35.5) mmHg vs (300.5±21.6) mmHg,P=0.023];Concentration of Evans blue in EVLP group was significantly lower [(36.5±20.3) μg/mL vs (65.0±29.9) μg/mL,P=0.043].Conclusion · EVLP as an alternative to traditional cold storage technique can effectively alleviate the lung damage.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the data of patients with clinical stage T1a lung adenocarcinoma and find the predictive factors associated with lymph node metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January to June 2012, 271 patients with small nodules of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the retrospective review. There were 105 male and 112 female patients, with an average age of (61 ± 11)years (range 32-85 years). The data were collected including age, gender, smoking history, carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), imaging findings, surgical procedure, pleural involvement, symptoms, tumor size, pathological classification, pathologic stage, maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax) and lymph node metastasis. The predictive factors of lymph node metastasis in clinical factors were detected by univariate and multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By preoperative thin-section CT, 35 patients were categorized as pure ground-grass opacity(GGO), 11 cases of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, 24 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ, with no lymph node metastasis. Categorized as mixed ground-glass opacities in 89 patients, 84 patients (94.4%) had no lymph node metastasis, only 5 patients (6.0%) with lymph node metastasis. Categorized as solid nodules in 93 patients, a total of 28 cases (30.1%) had lymph node metastasis. There were statistically significant difference between three groups (χ(2) = 23.41, P < 0.001) . By univariate analysis, we found that the predictive factors of lymph node metastasis were as follows: tumor size > 1 cm (χ(2) = 9.021, P < 0.003) , imaging performance with mixed GGO or solid nodules (χ(2) = 23.41, P < 0.000) , CEA > 5 µg/L (χ(2) = 15.541, P < 0.000) and PET-CT SUVmax > 5 (χ(2) = 0.644, P < 0.000). By multivariate analysis, we found that imaging performance (mixed GGO or solid nodules) was the independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in clinical factors (OR = 166.116, 95%CI:18.161-25.19, P < 0.001) .</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients of pure GGO generally do not have lymph node metastasis. Tumor diameter > 1 cm, imaging findings with the mixed GGO or solid nodules, carcinoembryonic antigen CEA > 5 µg/L, PET-CT SUVmax > 5 are predictive factors of lymph node metastasis in which imaging is independent predictor.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Lung Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Lymph Nodes , Pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression of VEGF-C mRNA and to investigate its relationship with clinicopathological parameters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to measure the level of VEGF-C mRNA in the tumor tissue and corresponding normal mucosa in ESCC patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The VEGF-C mRNA expression in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in the corresponding normal mucosa (6.30 vs. 2.81, P = 0.02), and also significantly higher in the patients with lymph node metastasis than that in those without lymph node metastasis (10.11 vs. 4.15, P = 0.04). Among the patients with metastatic lymph nodes, VEGF-C mRNA expression was 62.19 in the patients with > or = 4 metastatic lymph nodes versus 6.30 in those with < 4 (P = 0.01), and 18.98 in the patients with > or = 3 metastatic lymph node stations versus 4.92 in those with < 3 (P = 0.04). In terms of stage, VEGF-C mRNA expression was significantly higher in the stage II b + III + IV than that in the stage I + II a (9.99 vs. 3.80, P = 0.03). Logistic binary regression analysis showed that VEGF-C mRNA was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in ESCC (P = 0.01). In survival analysis, 2-year survival rate was not related with VEGF-C mRNA expression (P = 0.46). It was showed by COX regression model that the number of metastatic lymph node stations was the only independent risk factor for survival (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of VEGF-C mRNA play an important role in lymph node metastasis of human ESCC.</p>