ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate clinical effects of minimal invasive stabilization system (LISS) for the treatment of comminuted distal tibial fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2006 to February 2010, 48 patients with comminuted distal tibial fractures were treated with LISS. There were 30 males and 18 females, ranging in age from 18 to 78 years. According to AO classification, there were 13 cases of A3, 19 cases of B1, 10 cases of C1 and 6 cases of C2. All the patients were treated with indirect reduction, small incision and followed up at the 1st, 3rd and 6 months, 1 year after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 15 months (averaged, 12.5 months). Active and passive exercises started at the first day after surgery without casting. The average time of full weight loading were 12.3 weeks (ranged, 11 to 16 weeks). No complications, such as nonunion, breakage of plate and screw or deep infection, occurred in all patients. The mean operation time was 50 minutes (ranged, 45 to 60 min) and the average length of incision was 6 cm (ranged, 5 to 7 cm). According to Helfer criterion for clinical result, excellent results were obtained in 37 patients, good in 7, and fair in 4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Since LISS combined with indirect reduction and minimal invasion provides solid fixation, promotes bone heeling and permits early functional rehabilitation, which is well suited for the treatment of severe distal tibial fractures.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Fractures, Comminuted , General Surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Methods , Tibia , Wounds and Injuries , General Surgery , Tibial Fractures , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To examine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human bronchial epithelial cells treated with calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP).@*METHODS@#RT-PCR and gelatin zymography were performed to examine the dynamic expression and activity of MMP-9 in human bronchial epithelial cells at different doses (10(-10), 10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7), and 10(-6)mol/L) and different time points (6,12,18,24,36, and 48h) after the stimulation of CGRP.@*RESULTS@#The unstimulated human bronchial epithelial cells only secreted a small amount of MMP-9. After the CGRP stimulation, the expression of MMP-9 presented in a concentration-dependent (10(-10), 10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7), and 10(-6) mol/L) and time-dependent (6,12,18,24,36, and 48 h) manners (P<0.01) in human bronchial epithelial cells. The effect of CGRP could be diminished by H-7 and W-7, an antagonist of protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin (CaM) (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#CGRP can stimulate the secretion and expression of MMP-9 in human bronchial epithelial cells, and the signal transduction is partly via the PKC and CaM pathway.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bronchi , Cell Biology , Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide , Pharmacology , Calmodulin , Metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Epithelial Cells , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Metabolism , Protein Kinase C , Metabolism , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the effects of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) on LPS-induced MMP-9 secretion by alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The supernatant of LPS-induced Wistar rat AM from different intervention groups were collected to measure the activity by gelatin zymography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(Only secreting a small amount of MMP-9 with unstimulated AM, LPS stimulated MMP-9 production in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.01). (2) The activity of MMP-9 in CGRP intervention groups at different levels were significantly lower than those in non-intervention group (p < 0.01). (3) The inhibiting effects of CGRP were diminished by H-7 and W-7, an antagonist of protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin (CaM) (p < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These data suggested that CGRP involved in the MMP-9 secretion by AM, partly, via PKC and CaM pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Cells, Cultured , Lipopolysaccharides , Macrophages, Alveolar , Bodily Secretions , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on LPS-induced MMP-9 expression by alveolar macrophages (AM) in rats.@*METHODS@#LPS-induced cultured Wistar rats AMs were treated with different concentrations of VIP (10(-10) to approximately 10(-6) mol/L) for 24 h. AMs and the supernatant were collected to measure the MMP-9 expression and activity by RT-PCR and gelatin zymography, respectively. Results The MMP-9 activity and expression of LPS-induced AMs were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). VIP (10(-9) to approximately 10(-6) mol/L) down-regulated LPS-induced MMP-9 activity and its expression. The effects were diminished by H-7 and W-7, an antagonist of protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin (CaM) (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#VIP can decrease LPS-induced MMP-9 activity and its expression, which may be related to protein kinase C and calmodulin pathway. VIP may have protective roles in the lung injury.