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Objective To investigate the level of health literacy of residents in Jing′an District of Shanghai, providing basis for the intervention programs of health literacy. Methods By using Probability Proportionate to Size Sampling method, 1 760 residents aged 15-69 were surveyed through face-to-face interviews. Results The overall level of adjusted health literacy of Jing′an District was 31.89%.The health literacy level of basic health concepts and knowledge, health lifestyle and behaviors, and health related skills were 46.30%, 27.02%, 43.44%, respectively.The 6 health issues regarding awareness of health literacy from high to low were safety and first aid (65.49%), scientific attitude towards health(60.75%), health information literacy(56.86%), chronic diseases prevention (34.22%), basic medical care(31.10%), and infectious diseases prevention (24.28%).People of 65-69 years old had the lowest health literacy level (χ2=22.03, P < 0.05).Those with collage degree or above had higher health literacy level (χ2=43.54, P < 0.05).In terms of occupation, civil servant had higher health literacy level(χ2=22.78, P < 0.05). Conclusion The level of health literacy in Jing′an District is on a steady rise, however, intensive intervention is needed for residents with lower health literacy.
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OBJECTIVE To invest igate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotic susceptibility of otitis media in plateau areaandto guide clinical drug application rationally. METHODS Middle ear secretions were collected from 218 inpatients and outpatients(220 ears) with otitis media in our department from December 2016 to January 2018 and were performed by isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteriaand drug sensitivity test. RESULTS 1. 152 strains of microbes were isolatedincluding 125 casesof bacterial infection and 8 cases of fungal infection. 2. The gram-positive bacteria in middle ear effusions of chronic suppurative otitis media was higher than those of cholesteatoma, of which Staphylococcus aureuswas the most frequently isolated pathogen. While Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the highest in cholesteatoma. 3. The antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria varies from strain to strain. CONCLUSION Staphylococcus aureusand Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the main pathogenic bacteria. Common pathogenic bacteria were resistance to penicillin and levofloxacin, which were commonly used in clinic. Therefore, bacterial culture should be carried out and rational drug use should be guided.
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OBJECTIVE@#To obtain induced pluripatent stem cells (iPSC) from peripheral blood mononucleated cells and further induce differentiation into mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and to compare the biological characteristics of iPSC-derived MSC and other-derived MSC.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood mononucleated cells were obtained and transduced with reprogramming factors by sendai virus vector. Induced differentiation of MSC was performed in 1 strain of iPSC that completed all identification, and their cell morphology and immunophenotype were identified by immu-nohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Adipogenic and osteogenic media were used to induce the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. The expression of immune-related transcription factors was identified by PCR to systematically elucidate the biological characteristics of iPSC-induced MSC.@*RESULTS@#After transfection with sendai virus with reprogramming factor, the fate of peripheral blood mononucleated cells was reversed, initiating the expression of stem cell characteristics, the iPSC was successfully cloned, amplified, and purified, and finally the stable proliferation of iPSC was obtained. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from iPSC, had morphology consistent with other-derived MSC, and the immunophenotypes met the standard. iPSC-MSC possessed the ability of lipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. RT-PCR showed that iPSC-MSC was high expression to PDL1, and low expression to A20; besides, the expression level of STAT3 was equal to BM-MSC; and also as to the expression level of HIF1α and UC-MSC, which was lower than BM-MSC.@*CONCLUSION@#Peripheral blood mononucleated cells successfully initiated the expression of stem cell characteristics after the transduction of sendai virus vector with reprogramming factors, and obtained multi-competent iPSC. iPSC can successfully be induced to the differentiation of MSC, and the iPSC-MSC have standard cell morphology, immunophenotype and differentiation ability. High expression of PDL1 and low expression of A20 in iPSC-MSC suggest that iPSC-derived cells have different biological characteristics in cell proliferation and immune regulation.
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Humans , Adipogenesis , Cell Differentiation , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , OsteogenesisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To explore validity and reliability of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in adult patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD). METHODS Randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trials regarding the effectiveness of PPIs on LPRD patients were systematically extracted from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WANFANG from the beginning of indexing to August 2017. After selection and quality assessment, data were extracted from eligible studies meeting the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The Review Manager software(version 5.2, The Cochrane Collaboration) was performed for all of the statistical analysis in this meta-analysis. The level of evidence was assessed by the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). RESULTS The sample comprised 14 RCTs including a pooled total of 821 LPRD patients were eligible for this meta-analysis, of which 447 and 374 patients took PPIs and placebo, respectively. Pooled results demonstrated that total RSI significantly improved for patients who received PPI therapy by comparing with those receiving placebo [SDM=2.12, 95％CI(0.80; 3.45), P<0.05]. PPI treatment group showed effective in response rate [OR=1.62, 95％CI (0.89, 2.95), P>0.05], but the differences between PPIs and placebo groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION PPI treatment could significantly improve reflux symptoms in LPRD patients, therefore, should be taken into consideration for LPRD management with other strategies, such as lifestyle modification.
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Objective To explore the relationship of expression and the effect of preoperative radiotherapy of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and pyruvate kinase M-2 (PKM2) in rectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of ET-1 and PKM2 proteins of rectal cancer tissues in 96 cases.The expressions of ET-1 and PKM2 were analyzed with the effect of preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer tissue.Results The high expression of ET-1 protein was 59 cases (61.46％).The high expression of PKM2 proteins was 54 cases (56.25％).The high expressions of ET-1 and PKM2 protein were worsen the effect of tumor regressive grade (TRG) than lower expressions of those after preoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer tissue (P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of ET-1 and PKM2 were positively correlated (P =0.006).Conclusions The high expressed ET-1 and PKM2 proteins in rectal cancer are closely related to preoperative radiotherapy resistance.ET-1 and PKM2 proteins are expected to become new targets of radiotherapy sensitivity and radiotherapy sensitization of rectal cancer.
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To observe metabolic abnormalities, histology changes and eNOS expression of aorta in type 2 diabetes rat.And to observe intervention effect of rosiglitazone.Methods 80 male Wistar rats were randomized to control group, high diet group, diabetes group, and rosiglitazone treatment group (diabetes plus rosiglitazone treatment).Type 2 diabetes models were developed and rosiglization group was treated with rosiglitazone .Six weeks and twelve weeks after treatment with rosiglitazone, blood glucose, endothlin and nitric oxide were tested.Histology changes of aorta in different groups were observed under microscopy .Meanwhile the protein and mRNA expression of eNOS in aorta were examined.Results 1)Compared with control group, ET in high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group increased significantly , and the level of NO decreased significantly at 6 week and 12 week.At 12 week, ET in diabetes group increased, and NO decreased significantly than that of high fat diet group and rosiglitazone group.2)Histology changes were observed in high fat diet group , diabetes group and rosiglitazone group at 12 week.3)Compared with control group, protein and mRNA expression in high fat diet group , diabetes group and rosiglitazone group were down regulated at 6 week and 12 week.And protein expression in diabetes group was down regulated than that in rosiglitazone group .Conclusions Rosiglization can ease the endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes rat.
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Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai, a well known traditional herb grown in Jeju Island, South of Korea, has been used as a tonic and sedative agent, as well as in the treatment of diabetes and immune diseases. Mutagenicity of two lignans, syringaresinol and tortoside A isolated from A. koreanum, was assessed using Salmonella/microsome (Ames) test. Tester strains used were Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. The mutagenic activity was determined both in the absence or presence of S9 mixture. As a result, tortoside A did not cause any increase in the number of his+ revertants in S. typhimurium and E. coli WP2uvrA strains in the presence or absence of S9 mix, compared to the controls. Similarly, low concentrations of syringaresinol (750 and 1,500 microg/plate) did not show any mutagenic properties in all bacterial strains, in the presence or absence of S9 mixture. However, in the high concentration of syringaresinol (3,000 microg/plate), the number of revertants were increased in TA1535 strains, in the absence of S9 metabolic activation. Therefore, in vivo experiments such as comet assay are needed to further determine the genotoxic/carciogenic potential of syringaresinol isolated from A. koreanum.
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Eleutherococcus , Biotransformation , Comet Assay , Escherichia coli , Immune System Diseases , Korea , Lignans , Salmonella typhimuriumABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In this study, we have investigated the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extracts on the production of TNF-alpha and IL-8 in human keratinocytes. Also, to examine the antioxidative effect of red ginseng extracts, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in human dermal fibroblasts was measured. METHODS: To investigate the effect of KRG in atopic dermatitis, we measured the level of TNF-alpha and IL-8 secretion in LPS-stimulated human keratinocytes after the treatment of KRG extracts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-oxidative activity was investigated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and SOD activity. RESULTS: The stimulation of human keratinocytes with KRG extracts shifted the LPS-induced cytokine secretion toward a more immunosuppressive response. KRG dose-dependently decreased TNF-alpha and IL-8 production in HaCaT cells and a significant inhibition of TNF-alpha was shown when cells were treated with 500 and 1,000 microg/ml of KRG extracts. Additionally, KRG extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging and SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, SOD activities of concentrations higher than 60 microg/ml of KRG extracts were significantly different in human dermal fibroblast cells. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, KRG extracts may be a useful immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.