Características microbiológicas de la enfermedad neumocócica en niños menores de 5 años de Santiago de Cuba / Microbiologic characteristics of the pneumococcus disease in children under 5 years from Santiago de Cuba i: en

Introducción: La infección por Streptococcus pneumoniae constituye una causa importante de morbimortalidad en el mundo, sobre todo en niños menores de 5 años, en los que ocasiona de 1 a 2 millones de muertes anuales. Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de S. pneumoniae en muestras clínicas obtenidas en niños. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en niños menores de 5 años de edad con diagnóstico clínico de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva, asistidos en dos hospitales pediátricos de Santiago de Cuba durante el periodo 2014-2018. De las 1466 muestras clínicas tomadas y procesadas, en 131 fue aislado el agente patógeno; estas correspondieron a 59 pacientes con formas clínicas de la infección y 72 portadores. Para el procesamiento estadístico de la información se utilizaron las frecuencias absoluta y relativa como medidas de resumen. Resultados: En general, la positividad por S. pneumoniae fue de 8,9 %, con mayores frecuencias de aislamiento en las muestras de líquido cefalorraquídeo (81,8 %), líquido pleural (47,1 %) y exudado ótico (21,9 %), que asimismo coincidieron con los porcentajes más elevados de neumonía (61,0), otitis media aguda (23,7) y meningitis (15,3), como formas clínicas de la enfermedad neumocócica, que aquejó principalmente a niños de 1 año de edad, seguidos de los mayores de 2 años. De igual modo, se identificaron 9 serotipos de S. pneumoniae, con predominio del 19A (39,0 %), el 14 (25,4 %) y el 6A (11,9 %). En los pacientes que portaban la bacteria en la nasofaringe se identificaron 8 tipos serológicos, predominantemente el 19A y el 14. Por último, se halló una alta resistencia microbiana a la eritromicina y a la combinación trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio proporcionaron un referente científico antes de la introducción de la vacuna antineumocócica cubana, lo que permitirá evaluar su impacto en la incidencia de dicha enfermedad.

Introduction: The infection due to Streptococcus pneumoniae constitutes an important cause of morbimortality in the world, mainly in children under 5 years, that causes from 1 to 2 million annual deaths. Objective: To determine the presence of S. pneumoniae in clinical samples obtained in children. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in children under 5 years with clinical diagnosis of invasive pneumococcus disease, assisted in two children hospitals from Santiago de Cuba during the period 2014-2018. Of the 1466 clinical samples taken and processed, in 131 the pathogen agent was isolated; these corresponded to 59 patients with clinical forms of the infection and 72 carriers of the disease. For the statistical processing of the information the absolute and relative frequencies were used as summary measures. Results: In general the positivity for S. pneumoniae was of 8.9 %, with more isolation frequencies in the samples of cerebrospinal fluid (81.8 %), pleural fluid (47.1 %) and otic exudate (21.9 %) that also coincided with the highest percentages of pneumonia (61.0), acute otitis media (23.7) and meningitis (15.3), as clinical forms of the neumococcus disease that mainly affected 1 year children, followed by those over 2 years. In a same way, 9 serotypes of S. pneumoniae were identified, with prevalence of the 19A (39.0 %), and 14 (25.4 %) and the 6A (11.9 %). In the nasopharyngeal carriers 8 serotypes were identified, of which the 19A and 14 prevailed. Lastly, a high microbian resistance to erythromycin and the combination trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole was found. Conclusions: The results of this study provided a scientific referent before the introduction of the Cuban antipneumococcus vaccine that will allow to evaluate its impact in the incidence of this disease.

Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e antitumoral, frente ao sarcoma 180, do extrato bruto de luffa operculata cogn. (cucurbitaceae) / Assessment of antimicrobial and anti-tumor activity, against sarcoma 180, of the crude extract of luffa operculata cogn. (cucurbitaceae) / Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana y antitumoral frente a sarcoma 180 del extracto crudo de luffa operculata cogn. (cucurbitaceae)

Luffa operculata Cogn. pertence à família Cucurbitaceae, sendo popularmente denominada como buchinha, cabaçinha e purga-dos-paulistas. Sua análise fitoquímica demonstrou a presença de glicosídeos, saponina e resina, esteróis livres, ácidos orgânicos, fenóis e, com ausência de taninos. Além disso, essa família é produtora de triterpenos com esqueletos modificados denominados de cucurbitacinas, substâncias de alto valor farmacológico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e antitumoral, frente ao Sarcoma 180, do extrato bruto da Luffa operculata Cogn.. No ensaio antimicrobiano foram utilizadas espécimes bacterianas e fúngicas da origem clínica e de coleção. Para analisar a atividade antitumoral, células tumorais foram implantadas na região axilar de camundongos albinos Swiss (Mus musculus). O grupo controle recebeu solução salina 0,9% e no grupo padrão administrou-se metotrexato (10 mg/kg de peso corpóreo). Os grupos tratados receberam por via intraperitoneal doses nas concentrações de 0,3, 0,6 ou 1,0 mg/kg de peso corpóreo do extrato bruto etanólico de Luffa operculata Cogn.. Os resultados demonstraram que o extrato do Luffa operculata Cogn. apresenta atividade antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans e Candida tropicalis. No que diz respeito a atividade antitumoral, os animais tratados com o extrato nas doses 0,3 e 0,6 mg/kg não apresentaram redução relevante dos tumores de Sarcoma 180, quando comparado com o grupo controle. Entretanto, os animais tratados com a dose 1,0 mg/kg obtiveram índice de inibição de 61,7%. Dessa forma, concluímos que o extrato bruto de Luffa operculata Cogn. apresenta atividade antimicrobiana e, na dose de 1 mg/kg, apresenta atividade antitumoral reduzindo significativamente os tumores de Sarcoma 180.

Luffa operculata Cogn. belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, popularly known as buchinha, cabaçinha and purga-dos-paulistas. Its phytochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of glycosides, saponin and resin, free sterols, organic acids, phenols and the absence of tannins. In addition, this family produces triterpenes with modified skeletons called cucurbitacins, substances of high pharmacological value. This work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antitumor activity, against Sarcoma 180, of the crude extract of Luffa operculata Cogn.. In the antimicrobial assay, bacterial and fun- gal specimens of clinical and collection origin were used. To analyze the antitumor activ- ity tumor cells were implanted in the axillary region in albino Swiss mice (Mus musculus). The control group received 0.9% saline solution; and the standard group received meth- otrexate (10 mg/kg per body weight). The treated groups received intraperitoneal doses at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6; and 1.0 mg/kg per body weight of crude ethanolic extract of Luffa operculata Cogn., respectively. The results demonstrated that the extract of Luffa operculata Cogn. has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococ- cus epidermidis, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. Concerning antitumor activ- ity, the animals treated with the extract at doses of 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg did not show a relevant reduction in Sarcoma 180 tumors, when compared to the control group. How- ever, animals treated with a dose of 1mg/kg had an inhibition rate of 61.7%. Thus, we concluded that the crude extract of Luffa operculata Cogn. it has antimicrobial activity; and only at the highest dose (1 mg/kg) did it significantly reduce Sarcoma 180 tumors. KEYWORDS: Luffa Operculata Cogn.; Antimicrobian Activity; Sarcoma 180.

Luffa operculata Cog. pertenece a la familia de las Cucurbitáceas, siendo popularmente conocida como buchinha, cabaçinha y purga-dos-paulistas. Su análisis fi- toquímico demostró la presencia de glucósidos, saponina y resina, esteroles libres, ácidos orgánicos, fenoles y ausencia de taninos. Además, esta familia es produtora de triterpenos con esqueletos modificados llamados cucurbitacinas, sustancias de alto valor farmacoló- gico. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana y antitumoral, contra el Sarcoma 180, del extracto crudo de Luffa operculata Cogn.. En el ensayo anti- microbiano se utilizaron especímenes bacterianos y fúngicos de origen clínico y de co- lección. Para analizar la actividad antitumoral, se implantaron células tumorales en la región axilar de ratones albinos suizos (Mus musculus). El grupo control recibió solución salina al 0,9% y el grupo estándar recibió metotrexato (10 mg/kg por peso corporal). Los grupos tratados recibieron dosis intraperitoneales a concentraciones de 0,3, 0,6 y 1,0 mg/kg por peso corporal de extracto etanólico crudo de Luffa operculata Cogn., respec- tivamente. Los resultados demostraron que el extracto de Luffa operculata Cogn. tiene actividad antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans y Candida tropicalis. En cuanto a la actividad antitumoral, los animales tratados con el extracto a dosis de 0,3 y 0,6 mg/kg no mostraron una reducción relevante de tumores Sarcoma 180, al compararlos con el grupo control. Sin embargo, los animales tratados con una dosis de 1 mg/kg tuvieron una tasa de inhibición del 61,7 %. Por lo tanto, concluimos que el extracto crudo de Luffa operculata Cogn. tiene actividad antimicro- biana y solo en la dosis más alta (1 mg/kg) redujo significativamente los tumores Sarcoma 180.

Prescripción de antimicrobianos y su relación con la resistencia bacteriana en un hospital general municipal / Antimicrobians prpescription and their relationship with the bacterial resistance in a municipal general hospital

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, de utilización de medicamentos de tipo prescripción-indicación, de los 303 adultos que recibieron tratamiento antimicrobiano, ingresados en los servicios de Cuidados Intensivos, Medicina Interna y Cirugía del Hospital General Orlando Pantoja Tamayo del municipio de Contramaestre, desde enero hasta junio de 2015, con vistas a evaluar la prescripción de estos medicamentos y su relación con la resistencia bacteriana. En la serie, de un total de 568 prescripciones evaluadas predominaron las inadecuadas (82,3 por ciento); asimismo, los antimicrobianos más prescriptos resultaron ser la cefuroxima y la ceftriaxona, que también presentaron el mayor número de cepas resistentes y el Staphylococcus aureus resultó ser el germen con mayor resistencia

A descriptive and cross-sectional study on the use of prescription-indication medications of the 303 adults that received antimicrobian treatment was carried out. They were admitted to the Intensive Care, Internal Medicine and Surgery services of Orlando Pantoja Tamayo General Hospital in Contramaestre, from January to June, 2015, aimed at evaluating the prescription of these medications and their relationship with the bacterial resistance. In the series, there was a prevalence of inadequate prescriptions (82.3 percent) from a total of 568 that were evaluated; also, the most prescribed antimicrobians were the cefuroxime and the ceftriaxone that also presented the highest number of resistant stumps and the Staphylococcus aureus was the germ with higher resistance

Resistencia antimicrobiana del Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en el Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima / Antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital

Fundamento: Las bacterias multirresistentes a los medicamentos son un problema creciente en los hospitales de todo el mundo. El Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina es el germen responsable de una parte considerable de infecciones, tanto dentro como fuera de los hospitales. Objetivo: describir la resistencia antimicrobiana del Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con muestras clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima, de Cienfuegos, en el año 2014. Para las 142 muestras clínicas analizadas, se estudió el servicio de procedencia, tipo de muestra y resistencia bacteriana. Las muestras fueron analizadas en el Laboratorio de Microbiología del Hospital. Para la detección de resistencia se emplearon discos de cefoxitín, por el método de difusión Kirby Bauer. Resultados: el Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina se aisló con mayor frecuencia en pacientes ingresados en el hospital (55,0 %), causando fundamentalmente infecciones de piel y mucosas (50,6 %). Mostró mayor resistencia a eritromicina y azitromicina, tanto en pacientes hospitalizados como atendidos en consulta externa. Se obtuvieron 15 patrones de corresistencia, de los cuales el patrón azitromicina, eritromicina, ciprofloxacino, fue el más freuente (70 aislamientos). Conclusión: los elevados patrones de corresistencia antimicrobiana reafirmaron el carácter multirresistente de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina, el cual mostró resistencia a más de dos clases de antibióticos en las muestras analizadas.

Foundation: Multidrug-resistant bacteria are a growing problem in hospitals around the world. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the germ responsible for a considerable part of infections both inside and outside hospitals. Objective: To describe the antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: A descriptive study with clinical samples of patients attended at Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital, Cienfuegos, in the year 2014. For the 142 clinical samples analyzed, the service of origin, type of sample and bacterial resistance were studied. Samples were analyzed in the Laboratory of Microbiology of the Hospital. Cefoxitin discs were used for the detection of resistance by the Kirby Bauer diffusion method.Results: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was most frequently isolated in hospitalized patients (55.0%), mainly causing skin and mucosal infections (50.6%). He showed greater resistance to erythromycin and azithromycin, both in hospitalized and outpatient patients. 15 patterns of resistance were obtained, of which the pattern azithromycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, was the most frequent (70 isolates).Conclusion: The high antimicrobial co-resistance patterns confirmed the multidrug resistance character of methicillin of Staphylococcus aureus, which showed resistance to more than two types of antibiotics in the analyzed samples.

Caracterización clínica, epidemiológica y terapéutica de los pacientes con otitis externa maligna / Clinical, epidemiological and therapeutical characterization of patients with malignant external

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos, de 42 pacientes con otitis externa maligna, atendidos en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico Saturnino Lora de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba desde enero de 2002 hasta diciembre de 2014 y tratados básicamente con ciprofloxacina, a fin de caracterizarles clínica, epidemiológica y terapéuticamente, así como determinar su evolución clínica con el tratamiento indicado. También se incluyó un segundo grupo de 29 integrantes con la misma afección, quienes durante esos 12 años recibieron otros antibióticos y no la citada quinolona, tratados igualmente en dicho Servicio durante el período señalado. Entre los principales resultados sobresalió el predominio del grupo etario de 55-64 años (30,6 por ciento) en los que se utilizó ciprofloxacino y de 75 y más (74,8 por ciento) en los que se indicaron otros antimicrobianos; del tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus de 0-10 años en 24 (57,1 por ciento) de quienes recibieron ciprofloxacino y en 14 (48,2 por ciento) de aquellos que no la consumieron y de la Pseudomonas aeruginosa como el germen más frecuentemente aislado. La evolución de los pacientes fue favorable, independientemente del tratamiento antimicrobiano prescrito, pero todos los tratados con ciprofloxacina egresaron en menos de 30 días mejorados o curados. Se concluyó que la edad avanzada favorece la aparición de la otitis externa maligna, sin importar el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus

A descriptive, serial cases study, of 42 patients with malignant external otitis was carried out. They were assisted in the Otolaryngology Service of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2002 to December, 2014 and treated basically with ciprofloxacin, in order to characterize them clinical, epidemiological and therapeutically, as well as to determine their clinical course with the suitable treatment. A second group of 29 members with the same disorder was also included who received other antibiotics during those 12 years, treated in this Service during that period. Among the main results there was a prevalence of the 55-64 years age group (30.6 percent) in which ciprofloxacin was used and over 75 years (74.8 percent) in which other antimicrobians were indicated; of the time in the diabetes mellitus course 0-10 years in 24 (57.1 percent) of those who received ciprofloxacin and in 14 (48.2 percent) of those that didn't consume it and of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most frequently isolated germ. The patients had a favorable clinical course, no matter the antimicrobian prescribed treatment, but all the patients treated with ciprofloxacin got better or were cured and were discharged in less than 30 days. It was concluded that the advanced age favors the emergence of the malignant external otitis, no matter the time of the diabetes mellitus course

Aislamiento del estreptococo beta-hemolítico en niños asintomáticos / Isolation of the beta-hemolytic streptococcus in asymptomatic children

Introducción: las faringoamigdalitis se encuentran entre las enfermedades infecciosas que más afectan a los niños en edad escolar, cuya primera causa bacteriana es el estreptococo beta-hemolítico del grupo A. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de dicha bacteria en exudados faríngeos de niños asintomáticos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo de 80 niños de ambos sexos en el Círculo Infantil Alberto Fernández de Santiago de Cuba, durante el año 2014. Resultados: se obtuvo un elevado porcentaje de infectados por bacterias potencialmente patógenas, con predominio del estreptococo beta-hemolítico del grupo A, así como una mayor frecuencia de niños en las edades de 4 y 5 años y del sexo masculino; asimismo, los antibióticos de mayor sensibilidad fueron la penicilina y amoxicilina, mientras que la kanamicina fue el de mayor resistencia. Conclusiones: esta investigación posibilitó conocer las características de colonización de esta bacteria, así como su sensibilidad antimicrobiana

Introduction: pharyngotonsillitis is among the infectious diseases that most affect children in school age whose first bacterial cause is the group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Objective: to be determine the presence of this bacteria in throat swabs of asymptomatic children. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive study of 80 children from both sexes was carried out in Alberto Fernández day care center in Santiago de Cuba, during 2014. Results: a high percentage of infected children by potentially pathogens bacterias was obtained, with prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, as well as a higher frequency of children of the male sex aged 4 and 5; also, the antibiotics of more sensitivity were penicillin and amoxicillin, while kanamycin was that of higher resistance. Conclusions: with this investigation the colonization characteristics of this bacteria were known, as well as its antimicrobian sensitivity

Comparative study of chemical compositions and antimicrobial effect of different genius of Thymus harvested during two period of development.

The essential oils obtained by steam distillation of the aerial parts of Thymus taxa collected before and during the flowering period in different region of eastern Algeria, were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The extraction yields of essential oils of T. numidicus species are 1.28 % during pre-flowering. This yield is better during the flowering period with 2.85%. T. algeriensis gave extraction yields 1.156 % and 1.79 % in the two periods respectively. T. ciliatus produced oil with yields of 1.002 % before flowering and 1.79 % during flowering. Chromatographic analysis (GC-MS) showed that these essential oils are rich with oxygenated monoterpene compounds with 54.07 % and 80.37% of the composition for T. ciliatis, 61.86 % and 73.02 % for T. algeriensis, 54.48 % and 77.56 % for T. numidicus, corresponding to the two periods mentioned above respectively. The antimicrobial activity was tested against 3 gram positive and gram negative bacterial by the use of the disc diffusion method. The thymus taxa have shown great sensitivity. The three essential oils are effective against Escherichia. coli 22, while essential oil of T. ciliatus obtained before flowering and essential oil of T. numidicus in flowering period are most effective against Staphyllococcus 23.

Avaliação da microdureza e do potencial antimicrobiano de cimentos para cimentação modificados com diacetato de clorexidina a 0, 5% / Microhardness and antimicrobial potential evaluation of cements for cementation modified with 0, 5% diacetate chlorhexidine

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a microdureza e o potencial antimicrobiano de três cimentos para cimentação utilizados em dentística modificados com diacetato de clorexidina a 0,5%. Para o teste de exaustão foram usados 48 corpos de prova de 5 mm de diâmetro por 2 mm de altura, colocados numa placa de 96 orifícios, divididos em 2 corpos de prova de acordo com o período de eluição para cada grupo previamente determinado. A eluição foi feita com PBS (tampão fostato), tornando o ambiente isotônico, por períodos de 60, 30 e 15 dias, ou sem exaustão (imediato), com posterior exposição ao inóculo bacteriano (Streptococcus mutans em 80 Unidades Formadoras de Colônias - UFC), em meio isotônico para evitar a morte da bactéria. Após 60 minutos de exposição a 37ºC, cada corpo de prova recebeu 100 µL de agar TSA, para a análise do crescimento das colônias. A viabilidade celular foi avaliada através do teste colorimétrico de Metiltetrazolium (MTT), em que foi utilizada uma suspensão celular L929 (fibroblastos gengival de camundongo), linhagem recomendada pela ISO 10993-5 de 2009 para a realização dos testes de citotoxicidade. As amostras ficaram em eluição pelos períodos de 24 horas, 72 horas e 7 dias , momentos em que foram aliquotados 200 µL da solução de eluição do corpo de prova, para a realização do teste. No geral foram testadas quatro réplicas de cada uma das amostras obtidas distribuídas nos grupos de corpo de prova previamente definidos, sendo confeccionados 18 corpos de prova com 5 mm de diâmetro por 2 mm de altura. A análise de microdureza Knoop (KHN) foi feita confeccionando cinco espécimes para cada grupo experimental com 5 mm de diâmetro e 2 mm de altura, incluídos em seis blocos de resina acrílica rosa. Cada grupo foi denominado conforme os respectivos tratamentos a serem utilizados. Grupo 1 (G1) - cimento de fosfato de zinco sem diacetato de clorexidina; Grupo 2 (G2) - Ketac™ Cem Easymix sem diacetato de clorexina; Grupo 3 (G3) - RelyX™ U 200 sem diacetato de clorexidina; Grupo 4 (G4) - cimento de fosfato de zinco com diacetato de clorexidina 0,5%; Grupo 5 (G5) - Ketac™ Cem Easymix com diacetato de clorexidina 0,5%; Grupo 6 (G6) - RelyX™ U 200 com diacetato de clorexidina 0,5%. Em relação ao teste de exaustão, o cimento de fosfato de zinco foi o que apresentou melhor atividade antimicrobiana. No referente à citotoxicidade, não houve efeito citotóxico significativo entre todas as amostras testadas, tendo apenas o cimento de fosfato de zinco sem adição de diacetato de clorexina no período de eluição de 72 h ficado ligeiramente acima da barra de viabilidade celular. Considerando a microdureza Knoop, o cimento de fostato de zinco apresentou comportamento inferior ao Ketac™ Cem Easymyx e ao RelyX™ U 200, que não foram diferentes entre si e, assim, a adição do diacetato de clorexidina a 0.5% não modificou a propriedade mecânica analisada dos cimentos testados.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the hardness and the antimicrobial potential of three cements for cementation used in dentistry modified with 0.5% chlorhexidine diacetate. For the exhaustion test were used 48 specimens samples with 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height, placed in a 96 well plate, divided into 2 specimens samples according to the elution period for each previously determined group. The elution was done with PBS (phosphate buffer), making an isotonic environment for periods of 60, 30 and 15 days, or without exhaustion (immediate), with subsequent exposure to the bacterial inoculum (Streptococcus mutans in 80 Colony Forming Units - UFC) in an isotonic medium to prevent the death of bacteria. After 60 minutes at 37°C exposure, each specimen received 100 µL of agar TSA, for the analysis of the colonies' growth. Cell viability was evaluated by colorimetric test Metiltetrazolium (MTT), which was used in a suspension of the cell type L929 (mouse fibroblasts gum), strain recommended by ISO 10993-5 2009 for carrying out the cytotoxicity tests. The samples were eluted in the periods of 24 hours, 72 hours and 7 days, when 200 µL were aliquoted from specimens samples eluting solution, to perform the colorimetric test. In general, four replicates were tested of each obtained samples, distributed into previously defined specimen groups, totalizing 18 specimens samples with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm. The Knoop microhardness analysis (KHN) was done preparing five specimens samples for each experimental group with 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height, included in 6 pink acrylic resin blocks. Each group was designed according to the treatment to be received. Group 1 (G1) - Zinc phosphate cement without chlorhexidine diacetate; Group 2 (G2) - Ketac™ Cem Easymyx without clorexina diacetate; Group 3 (G3) - RelyX™ U 200 without chlorhexidine diacetate; Group 4 (G4) - Zinc phosphate cement with 0,5 % chlorhexidine diacetate; Group 5 (G5) - Ketac™ Cem EasyMix with 0,5% chlorhexidine diacetate; Group 6 (G6) - RelyX™ U 200 with 0,5% chlorhexidine diacetate. Regarding to exhaustion test, zinc phosphate cement showed the best antimicrobial activity. With regard to cytotoxicity, there was no significant cytotoxic effect of all tested samples, having only the zinc phosphate cement without adding chlorhexidine diacetate in the elution period of 72 h, stayed slightly above the cell viability bar. Considering the Knoop hardness, zinc phosphate cement showed less behavior than Ketac™ Cem Easymyx and RelyX™ U 200, which were not different between them. Thus, the addition of 0.5% chlorhexidine diacetate did not modified the mechanical property of the tested cements.