Comparison of CD105 (Endoglin) Expression in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Dentigerous Cyst - An Immunohistochemistry Study

Introduction: Tumors like Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC), Dentigerous Cyst (DC)and Pyogenic Granuloma are frequently oc- curring in the oral cavity with each of them having relation to angiogenesis. Higher angiogenesis may be associated with increased tissue metabolism, more aggressive biologic behaviour, and increased recurrence and growth rate. Tumor growth is dependent not only on a rise in the number of blood vessels, but also on factors such as protein molecules produced in en- dothelial cells. Microvessel density (MVD), Microvessel area (MVA), Microvessel perimeter (MVP) can predict the growth of the tumour, metastasis and patient’s survival and this value is related to the aggressiveness of the tumour. Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the angiogenic potential of OKC and DCcompared with normal mucosa using CD 105 marker immunohistochemically. Materials and methods: Immunohistochemical staining was done on 70 paraffin embedded tissue samples. Histopathologi- cally diagnosed cases of OKC, DC and Pyogenic granuloma and healthy gingival tissue samples were retrieved for the study purpose. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean MVD, MVA, MVP values of OKC, DC and pyogenic granu- loma groups. Conclusion: The angiogenic potential was determined in 3 different cases of OKC, Dentigerous Cyst and Pyogenic granuloma in terms of MVD, MVA and MVP and compared to normal mucosa using CD105 marker immunohistochemically.Though the mean values of MVA, MVD, MVP were statistically not significant but was estimated to be higher than the normal mucosa

Profiles of endoglin and vascular endothelial growth factor based on staging and histological grading of colorectal cancer and their relationship with bevacizumab therapy / Perfis da endoglina e do fator de crescimento endotelial vascular com base no estadiamento e na graduação histológica do câncer colorretal e sua relação coma terapia com bevacizumabe

Objective: The present study evaluated the profile of endoglin (CD105) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) based on staging and histopathological grading of colorectal cancer as well as their relationship with bevacizumab therapy. Methods: A total of 88 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in the present study. The levels of VEGF and CD105 protein were evaluated with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: There was a significant difference in the level of CD105 (p=0.002) between metastases and non-metastases subjects, showing that CD105 was higher in metastases subjects (4.59 ng/ml). Therewas no significant difference in the level of VEGF based on the presence of metastasis (p=0.625). There was a significant difference in the levels of CD105 (p=0.038) and VEGF (p=0.010) between the subjects who received chemotherapy and those who did not. The CD105 level was higher in the subjects who received chemotherapy (4.43 ng/ml); conversely, the level of VEGF was lower in subjects who received chemotherapy (543.65 pg/ml). There was a statistically significant difference in the levels of CD105 (p=0.003) and VEGF (p=0.002) between subjects who received bevacizumab therapy and subjects who did not. The levels of CD105 were higher in subjects who received bevacizumab therapy (5.11 ng/ml); in contrast, the level of VEGF was higher in subjects who did not receive bevacizumab therapy (645.92 pg/ml). There was a significant positive correlation between CD105 and VEGF in subjects who did not receive bevacizumab (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study support a hypothesis of "escape mechanism" in the failure of anti-angiogenesis therapy (anti-VEGF). (AU)

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou o perfil da endoglina (CD105) e do fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (FCEV) com base no estadiamento e graduação histopatológica do câncer colorretal, assim como sua relação com a terapia com bevacizumabe. Métodos: No total, 88 casos de adenocarcinoma colorretal foram incluídos no presente estudo. Os níveis das proteínas FCEV e CD105 foram avaliados com ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA, na sigla em inglês). Resultados Houve uma diferença significativa no nível de CD105 (p=0,002) entre indivíduos commetástases e semmetástases, que indicou que o nível de CD105 émais alto em indivíduos com metástases (4,59 ng/ml). Não houve diferença significativa no nível de FCEV com base na presença de metástases (p=0,625). Houve diferença significativa nos níveis de CD105 (p=0,038) e de FCEV (p=0,010) entre os indivíduos que receberam quimioterapia e os que não receberam. Encontrou-se um nível de CD105 mais alto nos indivíduos que submetidos a quimioterapia (4,43 ng/ml); Em contrapartida, encontrou-se um nível de FCEV mais baixo em indivíduos que submetidos a quimioterapia (543,65 pg/ml). Houve uma diferença estatisticamente significativa nos níveis de CD105 (p=0,003) e de FCEV (p=0,002) entre os indivíduos submetidos e não submetidos à terapia com bevacizumabe. Os níveis de CD105 foram mais elevados em indivíduos submetidos à terapia combevacizumab (5,11 ng/ml); em contraste, observou-se um nível de FCEV mais alto em indivíduos que não foram submetidos à terapia com bevacizumabe (645,92 pg/ml). Houve uma correlação positiva significativa entre CD105 e FCEV em indivíduos que não receberam bevacizumabe (p<0.01). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo corroboram a hipótese de "mecanismo de escape" na falha da terapia anti-angiogênica (anti-FCEV). (AU)

CD105 as a tool for assessing microvessel density in renal cell carcinoma

Background: Angiogenesis plays an essential role in both tumor growth and metastasis. CD105 expression was correlated with prognosis in many tumors, but its value in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still questionable. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate microvessel density (MVD) by using CD105 marker, in 95 cases of renal cell carcinoma. Results: CD105 showed positivity in 93 cases. The mean MVD value was significantly higher in clear cell carcinoma compared to papillary and chromophobe subtypes (P = 0.000). We noticed a significant correlation between MVD and ISUP grade (P = 0.007). The highest MVD value was observed in tumors with ISUP grade 1 and 2, while the lowest MVD value was noted in ISUP grade 3 tumors. A high vessel density was identified in tumors with a low Fuhrman grade, compared to those with a high grade (P = 0.010). MVD value was lower in tumors with a larger diameter, compared to small ones (P = 0.026). Conclusion: In conclusion, CD105 expression (MVD) is inversely related to tumor aggressiveness in clear cell RCC and can be used as a favorable prognosis marker. The vascularity differences between histological subtypes of RCCs could be useful for a better selection of patients that may benefit from anti-angiogenic therapies.

Descrição da frequência de variantes genéticas no gene da endoglina em uma população do Nordeste do Brasil / Description of the frequency of genetic variants in the endoglin gene in a population of Northeast Brazil

Introdução: a endoglina (ENG, CD105) é um co-receptor da família transforming growth factor-beta e participa da regulação de processos celulares como proliferação, diferenciação, migração e apoptose. ENG é mais conhecida por sua expressão em células endoteliais, desempenhando papel importante na angiogênese e vasculogênese, porém sua expressão já foi associada a diferentes desfechos patogênicos, inclusive devido a mutações no gene ENG. Objetivos: descrever a frequência de variantes genéticas no gene ENG, comparar com populações ancestrais e analisar as variantes genéticas que possam estar envolvidas em processos patogênicos em outras populações. Metodologia: foi utilizado o banco de dados do programa SCAALA (Social Change Asthma and Allergy in Latin America) para a população do estudo, sendo genotipado 1309 indivíduos usando o chip Illumina 2.5 Human Omni Bead e feitas análises in silico utilizando plataformas on-line. Resultados: as variantes genéticas rs10987746, rs10121110, rs11792480 e rs16930129 apresentaram frequência de menor alelo entre 16 a 48% na população estudada, as quais foram mais reiteradamente próximas do padrão africano que do europeu. Os SNVs foram relacionados aos mecanismos regulatórios genéticos conhecidos, pressupondo que essas variantes não estejam envolvidas diretamente em processos funcionais. Conclusão: são necessárias maiores investigações referentes aos mecanismos funcionais deste gene, visto que a endoglina participa de uma gama de processos celulares importantes e mais esforços devem ser feitos para estudos genéticos na população brasileira, considerando a mistura de populações.

Introduction: the endoglin (ENG, CD105) is a coreceptor of the family transforming growth factor-beta and participates in the regulation of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. ENG She is best known for your expression in endothelial cells, playing an important role in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, but its expression has already been associated with different pathogenic outcomes, including due to mutations in the ENG gene. Objectives: describe the frequency of genetic variants in the ENG gene in the population of northeastern Brazil, compare with ancestral populations and analyze genetic variants that may be involved in pathogenic processes in other populations. Methodology: we used the SCAALA program database (Social Change Asthma and Allergy in Latin America) for the population of the study, and the DNA of 1309 individuals were genotyped using the Illumina chip 2.5 Human Omni Bead and made in silico analysis. Results: the SNVs rs10987746, rs10121110, rs11792480 and rs16930129 presented lower allele frequency between 16 to 48% in the population studied, which were more consistently next African European standard. The SNVs were related to known genetic regulatory mechanisms assuming that these variants are not directly involved in functional processes. Conclusion: further investigation regarding the functional mechanisms of this gene are necessary, since the endoglin participates in a range of important cellular processes and more efforts should be made for genetic studies in the Brazilian population, considering the mixture of populations.

The Expression of LRG1 in Cervical Squamous Carcinoma and Its Relationship with Microvessel Density / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the expression of LRG1 (Leucine－rich alpha－2－glycoprotein 1) and CD105 (Endoglin) in normal cervical tissues , cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)Ⅱ－ Ⅲ and cervical carcinoma. Furthermore, to explore the function of LRG1 in cervical carcinoma pathogenesis and the relationship between LRG1 and microvessel density.Methods The expression levels of LRG1 and CD105 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 40 cervical carcinoma tissues, 20 CINⅡ－ Ⅲ tissues and 20 normal cervical tissues. Results Compared to the normal cervix, the expression of LRG1 in CINⅡ－ Ⅲ and cervical squamous cell carcinoma was significantly increased (P＜0.05).LRG1expression was correlated to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05) . But there was no correlation between LRG1 expression and age, the size of tumor, pathologic grades and depth of invasion (P＞0.05).With the deepening of cervical lesions, CD105－MVD (X± s) increasedsignificantly (P＜0.05).The expression of CD105－MVD in cervical carcinomawas related to clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and the size of tumor. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) . There was no correlation between CD105－MVD and age, pathologic grades and depth of invasion (P＞0.05).Positive correlation was found between the expression of LRG1 and CD105－MVD (r=0.944,P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of LRG1 and CD105－MVD is up－regulated and shows a positive correlation, which suggests that the abnormal expression of LRG1 and CD105－MVD may involve in the occurrence and development of cervical squamous carcinoma.

Long Term Exposure to Myrtucommulone-A Changes CD105 Expression and Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous group of multipotent stem cells that could be found in various somatic tissues. MSCs are defined by molecular and functional features including spindle-shape morphology, adherence to plastic surfaces, expression of specific surface markers and differentiation potential to chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes. The surface markers were proposed to affect the differentiation potential of MSCs by a limited number of studies. Endoglin (CD105) is defined to be a significant marker for osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation ability of MSCs. Low CD105 expression is associated with increased osteogenic potential while high CD105 expression is correlated with strong chondrogenic potential. Myrtucommulone-A (MC-A) is an active compound with various biological effects on different cell types but its effect on MSC differentiation has not been described yet. In the present study we aimed at investigating the longterm effects of MC-A on hMSCs. MC-A-treatment reduced CD105 expression in distinct human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) lines and gave rise to CD105(low) population but did not change CD44, CD90 or CD73 expression. The decrease in CD105 expression reduced the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs subsequently while adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation was not affected dramatically. MC-A-treatment also suppressed the NF-κB p65 activation which might be responsible for the reduced chondrogenic potential. Our findings suggest thatMC-Acould be used to enrichCD105(low)hMSCs without the need for cell sorting or changing culture conditions which could be utilised in targeted differentiation studies.

An experimental research on changes of choroid neovascularization evaluated by CD105 / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the accuracy of the experimental choroid neovascularization(CNV)changes evaluated by CD105 immunohistochemical examination. <p>METHODS: Twenty-four male Brown Norway(BN)rats were randomly divided into the control group(6 rats)and the experimental group(18 rats). The CNV were induced by 659nm krypton laser. And the power was 360mW, exposure time was 0.05s, spot diameter was 50μm. The formation rate of CNV and the average optical density(AOD)of leakage flare were observed by fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA)and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA)on the seventh day, the fourteenth day and the twenty-first day after laser photocoagulation. The histopathology changes of CNV and the AOD of CD105 were observed by eyeball exemplar. <p>RESULTS: The CNV appeared on the seventh day after laser photocoagulation, and reached the peak on the fourteenth day and twenty-first day after laser photocoagulation. The formation rate of CNV were 77.08%, 85.42%, 89.58%, at 7, 14 and 21d after laser photocoagulation. From 7 to 21d after laser photocoagulation, the AOD of leakage flare increased gradually(<i>P</i><0.05). There had significant differences between 7 days' outcome and 14 days' outcome(<i>P</i><0.05), and had no significant differences between 14 days' outcome and 21 days' outcome(<i>P</i>>0.05). From 7 to 21d after laser photocoagulation, the expression of CD105 increased gradually, and then decreased gradually, and from 14 to 21d, there had significant differences between 7 days' outcome and 14 days' outcome of AOD(<i>P</i><0.05), and had no significant differences between 14 days' outcome and 21 days' outcome(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical outcomes of CD105 are highly consistent with fundus angiography outcomes of CNV changing regularity.

Effect of Ganoderma capsule on expressions of CD105 protein and miR-21 in cervical cancer tumor tissue associated with HPV infection / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Ganoderma capsule on the expression of CD105 protein and miR-21 in cervical cancer tumor tissue associated with human papillomavirus ( HPV) infection.Methods 162 patients with HPV positive cervical cancer from the department of oncology in Cixi City Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into two groups, 81 cases in the control group were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 81 cases in the experiment group received Ganoderma capsule on the basis of the control group , the expression levels of CD105 protein, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), miR-21 in tumor tissues, microvessel formation correlation indexes, peripheral blood T lymphocyte levels, and the clinical effect were compared after the treatment.Results The control rate in the control group(72.84%)was lower than the experiment group(86.41%) (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the expression levels of CD105 protein, VEGF in tumor tissue were lower in the experiment group after treatment, serum levels of CD105 protein,transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), VEGF were lower after chemotherapy, the expression level of miR-21 was lower after treatment, peripheral blood CD4 +T lymphocytes and CD4 +/CD8 +ratio levels were higher, and the level of CD8 +T lymphocytes was lower after chemotherapy(P<0.05).Conclusion The Ganoderma capsule can significantly down regulate the expression of CD105 protein, VEGF and miR-21 in cervical cancer tumor tissue associated with HPV infection, inhibit the formation of micro blood vessels in tumor tissue, protect the immune function of patients, and improve the clinical curative effect.

The significance of correlation laboratory examination in esophageal cancer patients before and after operation / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of soluble CD105,transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in esophageal cancer(EC) patients,analyzing its clinical significance.Methods Collecting 56 cases of gastric cancer(observation group) and 49 cases of healthy people(control group)from Nov.2014 to Jan.2016 as the research objects.The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were detected in EC patients pre-and post-operation and healthy subjects.The data of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were analyzed in the two groups.Results The pre-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF could be abnormal in patients with EC,which might be the index for monitoring the clinical disease condition and judging the prognosis of the EC.

The expression and significance of cysteine-rich 61, connective tissue growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and microvascular density marked by CD105 in muscle tissue of patients with dermatomyosits and polymyosits / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective By detecting vascular cysteine-rich 61(Cyr61) related factor,connective tissue growth factor (CTGF),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD105 markers of microvascular density (MVD) of muscle tissue in patients with PM/DM,the role and significance of the expression of Cyr61,CTGF,VEGF and CD105 in the process of vascular lesions of dermatomyosits (DM) and polymyosits (PM) were discussed.Methods The expression of Cyr61,CTGF,VEGF and CD105 markers of micro vascular density (MVD) were detected in 10 cases of DM,10 cases of PM and 20 controls by using immunohistochemical Envision two step method.Data were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) statistical software.Fisher's exact probability analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were conducted.Results Compared with the control group,Cyr61,CTGF,VEGF positive expression rate in muscle tissue of patients with DM and PM group were significantly different (P＜0.01),the positive expression rates of Cyr61,CTGF,VEGF in DM group and PM group were 90％,70％,90％,80％,80％,70％,and the control group (5％,10％,5％) respectively.In the muscle tissue of patients with DM and PM group,CD105 markers of capillaries could be seen,and MVD in DM and PM group were higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (F=8.103,P=0.001).Cyr61,CTGF and VEGF protein expression levels in muscle tissueof patients with DM and PM were positively correlated with MVD.Conclusion The muscle tissue of PM/DMpatients may have new blood vessels formation.Cyr61,CTGF,VEGF may be involved in the formation of newblood vessels in the PM/DM muscle tissue.The results of this study suggest that microvascular lesion plays animportant role in the immune pathogenesis of inflammatory myopathy such as PM/DM.

Immunohistochemical angiogenic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis: correlation with pathological features

OBJECTIVE To investigate immunohistochemical markers of angiogenesis and their association with pathological prognostic features in hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic liver. METHODS Vascular endothelial growth factor, CD105, and cyclooxygenase-2 were immunohistochemically detected in 52 hepatocellular carcinoma tissue samples and 48 cirrhotic liver tissue samples. Semiquantitative measurements of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2 were evaluated considering the degree and intensity of immunostaining based on a 7-point final scoring scale. CD105 microvascular density (MVD-CD105) was measured using automated analysis. Morphological aspects evaluated in the hepatocellular carcinoma samples included size (≤2 and >2 cm), differentiation grade, and microvascular invasion. RESULTS The mean vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity score was slightly higher in the hepatocellular carcinoma samples (4.83±1.35) than the cirrhotic liver (4.38±1.28) samples. There was a significant and direct correlation between these mean scores (rs=0.645, p=0.0001). Cyclooxygenase-2 was expressed in all the cirrhotic liver samples but was only found in 78% of the hepatocellular carcinoma samples. The mean cyclooxygenase-2 score was higher in the cirrhotic liver samples (4.85±1.38) than the hepatocellular carcinoma samples (2.58±1.68), but there was no correlation between the scores (rs=0.177, p=0.23). The mean CD105 percentage in the hepatocellular carcinoma samples (11.2%) was lower than that in the cirrhotic samples (16.9%). There was an inverse relationship in MVD-CD105 expression between the hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic samples (rs=-0.78, p=0.67). There were no significant associations between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and morphological characteristics. Cyclooxygenase-2 and CD105 were associated with hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation grade (p=0.003 and p=0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclooxygenase-2, and MVD-CD105 were highly expressed in cirrhotic liver compared to hepatocellular carcinoma and might be involved in liver carcinogenesis. Additionally, cyclooxygenase-2 and CD105 might be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation grade.

Effect of CD105, CA125 and CA724 levels by paclitaxel combined with cisplatin in patients with cervical cancer / 中国医学装备

Objective:To investigate the value of serum CD105, CA125 and CA724 levels in the treatment of cervical cancer with paclitaxel and cisplatin.Methods: A total of 42 patients with cervical cancer were randomly divided into observation group (n=21) and control group (n=21). The observation group was given intravenous infusion of paclitaxel 135 mg/m2, and intravenous infusion of cisplatin 60 mg/m2 after 3 hours. The control group was given only intravenous infusion of cisplatin, during the hydration and antiemetic drugs. They need 2 courses of chemotherapy, with each chemotherapy interval of 21 days. The levels of serum CD105, CA125 and CA724 before and after treatment were compared and analyzed.Results: The levels of CD105, CA125 and CA724 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t=19.119,t=22.493,t=15.46;P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between CD105, CA125 and CA724 levels and clinical efficacy (rs=-0.427,rs=-0.335,rs=-0.408;P<0.05).Conclusion: Paclitaxel combine with cisplatin in the treatment of cervical cancer has better clinical curative effect, and the mechanism is related to lower CD105, CA125 and CA724 levels.

Expression of Musashi 1 correlates with microvessel density and prognosis in colon cancer / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the Musashi 1 expression, and its correlation with clinical variables, such as clinical pathologic factors,angiogenesis and prognosis in colon cancer.Methods: Musashi 1 mRNA level was determined by quantitative real-time PCR( qRT-PCR) in 36 pairs of matched colon cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues.The expression of Musashi 1 and mi-crovascular density ( MVD) were tested by immunohistochemical in 96 cases of colon cancer.Combined with postoperative follow-up survival situation, the correlation between the expression of Musashi 1, pathological parameters, prognosis and MVD were statistical analylised.Results:Musashi 1 mRNA level of colon cancer tissues determined by PCR was significantly higher than adjacent non-tumorous tissues( P<0.05).Positive Musashi 1 immunoreactivity was seen in 63.5%of colon cancer specimens,which was correlated with the depth of invasion,Duckes stage,lymph node metastasis,and TNM stage (P<0.05).Compared with Musashi 1 negative patients, Musashi 1 positive patients had significantly shorter survival time ( 23.0% vs 60.0%, P<0.01 ) .High intratumor blood microvessel density patients had significantly shorter survival times than low intratumor blood microvessel density patients(P<0.05).Intratumor blood microvessel density correlated with Musashi 1 expression (P<0.01).Conclusion:Musashi 1 mRNA level of colon cancer tissues was higher than adjacent non-tumorous tissues,the difference has statistically significant.We conclude that Musashi 1 expression correlates with the depth of invasion,Dukes stage,lymph node metastasis,and TNM stage and microvascular density ( MVD) in colon cancer.We propose that synthesized Musashi 1 increases intratumor angiogenesis,thus promotes tumor progression.Musashi 1 expression may be a good biomarker for poor prognosis in colon cancer.

Marcadores candidatos, estrategias de cultivo y perspectivas de las DPSCs como terapia celular en odontología / Candidate markers, culture strategies and DPSC perspectives used as cellular therapy in dentistry

La ingeniería tisular basada en las células troncales de pulpa dental se considera como un enfoque prometedor para la odontología regenerativa, con el objetivo final de reemplazar morfológica y funcionalmente los tejidos periodontales y/o los dientes perdidos a través de la síntesis in vitro de sustitutos análogos tisulares o, incluso, de un diente humano denominado biodiente. Las células troncales de la pulpa dental representan una colonia de células adultas que tienen la capacidad de autorrenovación y diferenciación en diferentes linajes. El origen exacto de las células troncales de la pulpa dental no ha sido completamente determinado y estas células troncales parecen ser la fuente de los odontoblastos que contribuyen a la formación del complejo dentinopulpar. Recientemente, los logros obtenidos a partir de la investigación de las células troncales nos han permitido contemplar las posibles aplicaciones terapéuticas de las células troncales de la pulpa dental. Algunos estudios han demostrado que las células troncales de la pulpa dental son capaces de producir tejidos dentales in vivo, incluyendo la dentina, la pulpa dental y las estructuras de la corona. Mientras que otras investigaciones han demostrado que estas células troncales se diferencian in vitro e in vivo, por ejemplo, en osteoblastos, neuroblastos, condrocitos, fibroblastos y endotelio. En teoría, un biodiente sintetizado a partir de las células troncales de la pulpa dental debe ser la mejor opción para recuperar la totalidad de la estructura y función de un diente humano. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es hacer una breve descripción de la localización, origen, aislamiento y marcadores candidatos de células troncales de pulpa dental, para así plantear las perspectivas de aplicación en la clínica odontológica.

Tissue engineering based on dental pulp stem cells is considered as a promising approach for regenerative dentistry. It purports the final target of morphologically and functionally replacing periodontal tissues and/or lost teeth by means of the in vitro synthesis of tissue-analog substitutes, or even a human tooth (called bio-tooth). Dental pulp stem cells represent a colony of adult cells which have the ability to auto-renovate and differentiate in different lineages. Dental pulp stem cells exact origin has yet to be fully determined; these stem cells seem to be the source of odontoblasts, which contribute to the formation of the dentin-pulp complex. Recently, achievements obtained through research conducted on stem cells, have allowed us to contemplate the possible therapeutic applications of dental pulp stem cells. Some studies have shown that dental pulp stem cells are able to produce in vivo dental tissues, including dental pulp and crown structures. Other research has demonstrated that these stem cells differentiate in vivo and in vitro into osteoblasts, neuroblasts, chondrocytes fibroblasts, and endothelium. In theory, a bio-tooth synthesized from autogenic dental pulp stem cells should be the best option to recover the whole structure and function of a human tooth. The aim of the present review article was to undertake a brief description of the location, origin, isolation and candidate markers of dental pulp stem cells in order to thus present application perspectives to be used in the dental clinic.

Expression of CD133 and CDLO5 on cells in peripheral blood of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the relationship of CD133+ and CD105+ cells in the peripheral blood with the clinical prognosis of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The proportions of CD45- CD133+ CD105+ cells were determined in 80 primary HCC patients and 20 healthy subjects by flow cytometry, and the correlation of the proportion with age, gender, clinical stage, histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves, and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards model. Results The proportion of CD45- CD133+ CD105+ cells in the peripheral blood of primary HCC patients was significantly higher compared with those in the postoperative patients and healthy controls (P= 0. 003, P= 0. 000). The proportion of preoperative CD45- CD133+ CD105+ cells in the postoperative recurrent group was significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent group (P=O. 015). The proportion of CD45- CD133+ CD105+ cells in the peripheral blood of primary HCC patients was significantly associated with the clinical stage, degrees of differentiation, and presence/absence of lymph node metastasis CP 0. 5% compared with 0. 5% CP 1. 1% was significantly lower than that with CD45- CD133+ cell proportion 1. 1% CP 36% was significantly lower than those with CD45- CD105+ proportion36% CP

The clinical significance of Ang-2 and CD105 expression in breast cancer and precancer tissue / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective To explore the expression of Ang -2 and CD105 in breast cancer and their po-tential associations with the cancerization and progression of breast cancer .Methods Thirty patients with breast cancer ( cancerous tissue ) ,15 intraductal papilloma cases ( precancer tissue ) and 15 normal breast tissue were col-lected for each group ,respectively .Immunohistochemistry ,western blot and RT-PCR techniques were used to ex-amine the expressions of Ang -2 and CD105 in cancerous breast tissue ,precancer breast tissue and normal breast tissue at both protein and mRNA levels .The possible correlations of Ang -2 and CD105 expression with clinico-pathological characteristics of the breast cancer were analyzed .Results The expressions of CD105 and Ang-2 in cancer and precancer tissues were higher than in normal tissues at both protein and mRNA levels ,and the trend of their expressions was increased from normal to precancer ,and cancer tissue .The expressions of CD 105 and Ang-2 protein and mRNA were positively correlated with tumor size ,invasion,lymph node metastasis,and negatively correlated with the differentiation of the cancer .Conclusion CD105 and Ang-2 are involved in the canceriza-tion and pregression of breast cancer .These two biomarkers can serve as two useful indicators in assisting diagno-sis and prognosis of breast cancer .

Investigation of microvessel density and related factors expression for xenografts tumor of HT-29 cells in nude mice at different growth stages / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the expression of CD31 , CD105 , HIF-1αand VEGF in xenografts tumor of HT-29 tumor cells during different stages of growth. Methods HT-29 tumor cells were transplanted into nude mice, the tumor was removed when the tumor volumes reached 300 mm3 respectively. Immunochemical method was a-dopted to detect the expression of CD31 , CD105 , HIF-1α and VEGF. Results HT-29 xenografts tumor vol-umes 300 mm3 showed expressions with CD31-MVD at 37.40±4.17 , 18.80±1.72 and 14.20±2.23 respectively; CD105-MVD at 22.80 ±3.54 , 15.60 ±1.35 and 10.20 ±2.48; positive expression rate of VEGF was 26.20% ±0.83%,40.73% ±6.29% and 13.41% ±1.20%respectively; while positive expression rate of HIF-1αwas 3.20% ± 2.97%, 11.89% ± 1.94% and 80.62% ±3.47% respectively. On the other hand, for different volumes group, CD31-MVD, CD105-MVD, VEGF and HIF-1αexpression ratios had signifi-cant differences ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusions The ex-pression of MVD and vascular-related factors within the tumor caused by HT-29 xenografts tumor in nude mice at different growth stages was varied. There was a cer-tain correlation between tumor volume and MVD, VEGF, HIF-1α.

Effect of hypoxia on postoperative prognosis of radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia on postoperative prognosis of radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer. Methods A total of66 patients with bladder urothelial cancer undergoing radical cystectomy surgery were divided into hypoxia group (OH group, n=19) and the normoxic group (NS group, n = 47). Immunohistochemical examination was used to examine the expression of HIF-1α and CD105-assessed microvessel density (MVD). The survival of the patients was followed up and the clinical dataof the two groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for analyzing the survival of the two groups, and a Cox model was established to analyze correlation of each variable with the survival time. Results In the OH group, the positive rate of HIF-1« was 89. 5% (17/19) in the tumor tissues, the MVD value was 53. 1± 19. 0, and the median survival timewas 56 months; the corresponding values in the NS group were 66. 0% (31/47), 40. 1± 15. 2, and 82 months, respectively. The clinical stages, Hb levels, HIF-1α expression, and MVD values were significantly different between the two groups (P<0. 05). Advanced tumor stage, hypoxia state, high HIF-1α expression and high MVD value in tumor tissueswere associated with a shorter survival of patients, and high Hb was associated with a longer survival of patients (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion Hypoxic state can lead to increased HIF-1α expression and microvessll density in bladder cancer tissues, which is harmful for patient prognosis.

EphA2/ephrinA1 expression in human malignant gliomas and its relationship with angiogenesis / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To investigate the expressions and significance of tyrosine kinase receptor EphA2 and its ligand ephrinA1 in human malignant gliomas and their correlation with tumor angiogenesis. Methods:The expressions of EphA2, ephrinA1, and CD105-stained microvessel density (MVD) were detected via immunohistochemical assay in 62 glioma tissues and 8 normal brain tissues. The correlation between EphA2 and ephrinA1 expression and microvessel counts in the glioma tissues were assessed. Results:Immunohistochemical staining results revealed that variable levels of EphA2 and MVD expression were significantly higher than that of the normal brain samples. Statistical difference was observed in EphA2 and MVD expressions between human gliomas and normal brain samples (P<0.01). The positive rate of EphA2 and MVD expressions was significantly higher in high-grade gliomas (WHO III-IV) than that in low-grade gliomas (WHO I-II) (P<0.01). EphrinA1 was expressed at low levels in most malignant gliomas, and the increased ephrinA1 expression was associated with lower-grade histology. MVD was significantly positively correlated with EphA2 expression (r=0.713, P<0.01) and significantly negatively correlated with ephrinA1 expression (r=-0. 772, P<0.01). EphA2 was significantly negatively correlated with ephrinA1 expression (r=-0.912, P<0.01). Conclusion:Specifically over-expressed EphA2 and its low-expressed ligand ephrinA1 in malignant gliomas may be closely correlated with the invasion and malignant degree of gliomas. Cooperation is involved in the angiogenesis and has an important function in the initiation and progression of gliomas.

Effect of deferasirox on DLL4 expression and angiogenesis in a slender narrow pedicle and random flap in rats / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of deferasirox on DLL4 expression and angiogenesis in a narrow pedicle and random flap in rats.Methods Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into the deferagirox group and control group.Rats were subjected to deferagirox of 100 mg · kg-1 · d-1 inthe experimental groups,respectively and the same dose saline in the control group for 1 week. In each group,flap were created in the bilateral back of each rats.Ratio of length to width of tissue in the pedicle portion and the flap portion was 1 cm × 1 cm and 3 cm × 3 cm,respectively.The tissue samples were taken from the pedicle and the middle portions of the flap.The DLL4 and CD105 expression was also detected with immunohistochemistry (SABC).Results Compared with control group,whatever in the pedicle portion or the middle portion,there was a significant increase of microvessels marked by CD105 and a significant decrease of flap microvessels stained by DLL4 in the deferagirox group.In both groups,compared with the pedicle portion,there was a significant increase of microvessels marked by CD105 and DLL4 in the the middle portion.Conclusions Deferasirox can in crease the CD105 expression and angiogenesis of the slender narrow pedicle random flap.This process might be related to the inhibition of DLL4 protein expression,which is significant in the notch signaling pathway.