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1.
Sci. med. (Porto Alegre, Online) ; 27(4): ID27993, out-dez 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876939

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a aquisição de marcos motores nos primeiros dois anos de vida e as relações entre motricidade ampla e motricidade fina, cognição e linguagem em lactentes que frequentam creches. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de uma amostra não probabilística de lactentes frequentadores de creches públicas e privadas de uma cidade da região sul do Brasil. Foram utilizadas a Alberta Infant Motor Scale e a Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development para a avaliação do desempenho motor de cada criança. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para a caracterização da amostra e regressão linear simples em três distintas faixas etárias (grupo 1: entre seis e nove meses; grupo 2: entre 10 e 12 meses; grupo 3: entre 13 e 16 meses) para as análises das relações entre as variáveis motricidade ampla e fina, cognição e linguagem. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 63 bebês entre seis e 16 meses de idade que não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas suas características biológicas e sociodemográficas, quando comparados os três grupos estratificados. A maioria das crianças não adquiriu os marcos motores nos períodos esperados para a faixa etária. Houve correlação entre os escores de desenvolvimento, e observou-se que a motricidade ampla foi capaz de explicar grande parte da variabilidade nos escores de motricidade fina, cognição e linguagem (R2 ajust>0,5) ao longo dos dois primeiros anos de vida. CONCLUSÕES: As habilidades motoras observadas ocorreram, em geral, tardiamente na amostra observada. O atraso na aquisição dos marcos motores amplos repercutiu no atraso global do desenvolvimento, corroborando com a influência da motricidade ampla nos demais domínios do desenvolvimento.


AIMS: To evaluate the acquisition of motor milestones in the first two years of life and the relationship between gross motor function and manipulation, cognition and language in infants who attend day care centers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample of infants attending public and private day care centers in a city in southern Brazil. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development were used to assess the motor performance of each child. Descriptive statistics were used for the characterization of the sample and simple linear regression in three different age groups (group 1: between six and nine months; group 2: between 10 and 12 months; group 3: between 13 and 16 months) for the analysis of relationships between the variables gross and fine motor skills, cognition and language. RESULTS: We studied 63 infants between six and 16 months of age who did not present statistically significant differences in their biological and sociodemographic characteristics when the three stratified groups were compared. Most children did not acquire the developmental milestones in the period expected for their age group. There was correlation between the developmental scores, and the gross motor function was able to explain a large part of the variability in the fine motor function, cognition and language scores (R2 ajust>0.5) over the first two years of life. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated motor skills occurred generally late in the sample. The delay in the acquisition of gross motor milestones had an impact on the overall developmental skills, corroborating the influence of gross motor function in the other domains of development. KEY WORDS: infant development; motor skills; infant; child day care center.


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child Development , Motor Skills , Child Day Care Centers , Infant
2.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 20(4)out.-dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-577588

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a linguagem de crianças anêmicas tratadas em comparação com as não anêmicas. Métodos: estudo longitudinal prospectivo caso-controle unicego com avaliação da linguagem de 36 crianças entre dois e sete anos. As crianças foram submetidas à punção digital, para detecção da anemia, e tiveram seu desenvolvimento da linguagem observado. As anêmicas (n = 14) foram submetidas à terapêutica, em dose semanal, por 12 semanas. Foram reavaliadas um ano após o término do tratamento e comparadas com as não anêmicas (n = 22). Resultados: a concentração média de hemoglobina foi de 10,9 g/dl nogrupo-caso e de 12,7 g/dl no controle antes do tratamento. Na avaliação prévia da linguagem, observou-se diferença entre os grupos na recepção (p=0,02) e emissão (p < 0,001), piores nos anêmicos. O grupo caso, um ano após o tratamento, continuou apresentando piores índices, diferindo do controle no aspecto da recepção da linguagem. Conclusão: as crianças anêmicas podem manter alterações de linguagem após tratamento da anemia.


Objective: to evaluate anemic children language compared with the non-anemic ones. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study single blinded case-controlled to evaluate the language of 36 children between two and seven years. The children underwent fingerstick tests to detect anemia, and had their language development observed. The anemic ones (n = 14) have undergone weekly dosed therapy for 12 weeks. Then they were re-evaluated one year after the end of the treatment and compared to non anemic children (n = 22). Results: prior to treatment the average concentration of hemoglobin was 10.9 g/dl in the group case and 12.7 g/dl in the control. In the language previous evaluation, it was found difference between the groups at the reception (p=0,02) and emission (p < 0,001), worse in the anemic ones. The group-case, one year after the treatment, continued presenting the worst results, differing from the control in the aspect of language reception. Conclusion: anemic children may keep language disorders after anemia treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Anemia/complications , Language
3.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 60(1): 23-29, mar. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-588624

ABSTRACT

Like many other developing countries, Brazil has been going a nutritional transition which presence both malnutrition and overweight. Stunting and overweight are the major public health problems in Brazilian children. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence of stunting, overweight and anemia in preschool children and examine if those nutritional problems are related; also identify if these nutritional problems have the same risk factors. Data from the “Efficient Daycare Center Project” which include 270 children attending nurseries of eight daycare centers in Sao Paulo city, Brazil were used for this study. Data on height and weight were converted to z-scores using WHO anthro software. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were determined on finger-prick blood samples. The co-occurrence of stunting, overweight and anemia was investigated by contingency tables a log-linear model. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to estimate the association of HAZ, WAZ, WHZ and Hb levels with their risk factors. The results showed high prevalence of overweight (22.2 percent), risk of stunting (22.6 percent) and anemia (37 percent). Percent of daycare attendance, age, number of siblings under 5 years old and per capita income are associated with Hb levels. This study provides evidence that Brazil is going through a nutritional transition and suggest that the adoption of public policies to expand and improve services in daycare centers may help to prevent multi-nutritional problems in preschool children.


Como muchos otros países en desenvolvimiento Brasil esta pasando por la transición nutricional, la cual tiene presente a la desnutrición y sobrepeso. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo mostrar la prevalencia de baja estatura, sobrepeso y anemia en niños en edad preescolar y analizar si esos problemas nutricionales están relacionados; también identificar si esos problemas nutricionales presentan los mismos factores de riesgo. Fueron utilizados datos del “Proyecto CrechEficiente” el cual estudio 270 niños que asisten a cunas de ocho jardines de la infancia en la ciudad de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Los datos de peso y estatura fueron convertidos en z-escore utilizando el software WHO Anthro. La extracción de sangre para la determinación de hemoglobina (Hb) se realizó por punción digital. La co-ocurrencia de baja estatura, sobrepeso y anemia fue investigada a tráves de tablas de contingencia y modelo log-linear. Fueron realizados análisis univariados y regresión múltiple para determinar la asociación entre TEZ, PEZ, PTZ y niveles de hemoglobina con sus factores de riesgo. Los resultados mostraran elevada prevalencia de sobrepeso (22,2 por ciento), riesgo para baja estatura (22,6 por ciento) y anemia (37 por ciento). El porcentaje de frecuencia a los jardines infantiles, edad, número de hermanos menores de 5 años y renta per cápita están asociados con los niveles de hemoglobina. Este estudio muestra evidencia de que el Brasil esta pasando por una transición nutricional y sugiere adopción de políticas públicas para difundir y mejorar los servicios de los jardines infantiles pudiendo ayudar a prevenir varios problemas nutricionales en niños en edad preescolar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Child Day Care Centers , Nutritional Anemias , Nutritional Status , Overweight , Risk Factors , Weight by Height , Child Nutrition
4.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 60(5): 524-529, set.-out. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-467451

ABSTRACT

A presente pesquisa utiliza o estudo descritivo e transversal e também a análise de conteúdo para conhecer a violência familiar em crianças de creches e pré-escolas. A população e os sujeitos são constituídos de educadores infantis, professores e monitores. Verificam-se nos resultados a presença da violência doméstica, praticada principalmente pela mãe, a criança agressiva está presente no ambiente das escolas como uma forma de reprodução de comportamento e também da negligência com relação aos cuidados e a atenção à criança no cotidiano. Esses comportamentos podem gerar outras formas de violência, mantendo a criança sempre em ambientes de risco durante várias fases da vida.


The present research uses the descriptive and traversal study and also the content analysis to know the family violence in children of day care center and pre-schools. The population and the subjects are constituted of infantile educators, teachers and monitors. It is verified in the results the presence of the domestic violence, practiced mainly by the mother, the aggressive child is present in the atmosphere of the schools as a form of reproduction of behavior and also, the negligence regarding the cares and the attention to the child in the daily. These behaviors can generate other violence forms, maintaining the child always in risk atmospheres during several phases of the life.


La presente investigación utiliza el estudio descriptivo y también la análisis del contenido para conocer la violencia familiar en niños de jardines infantiles y Pre-escuela. La población y los sujetos son constituidos de educadores infantiles, profesores y monitores. Verificase en los resultados la presencia de la violencia doméstica, practicada principalmente por la madre, el niño agresivo está presente en el ambiente de las escuelas como una forma de reproducción de comportamiento y también, la negligencia con relación a los cuidados y la atención al niño en el cotidiano. Estos comportamientos pueden generar otras formas de violencia, manteniendo el niño siempre en ambientes de riesgo durante varias fases de la vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Child Welfare , Mothers , Domestic Violence , Child Day Care Centers , Child Abuse
5.
Korean Journal of Child Health Nursing ; : 25-33, 2006.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-22907

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the health problems and health services in child day care centers. Methods: Data were collected from 115 teachers at 16 child day care centers in Seoul city. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analyzed with the SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: Most teachers had experienced various child health problems such as colds, hand?foot?mouth diseases, chicken pox, skin injuries, nasal bleeding, vomiting and diarrhea. Furthermore, they even experienced some serious ones including dysentery, measles, asthma and seizures, which demand professional skill. However, there were no registered nurses and most teachers requested that parents take a child home when these health problems happened. Only 31.3% of the child care centers had a teacher with CPR training. Approximately half of the centers kept child health records which included reports on allergic substances, and medical history but only 18.7% of the child care centers offered regular immunizations for the children. CONCLUSION: Various health problems were found in child day care centers. To maintain the children's health, there is a need to develop and make provisions for health services and programs in child day care centers.


Subject(s)
Child , Child , Humans , Asthma , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Chickenpox , Child Care , Child Day Care Centers , Diarrhea , Dysentery , Epistaxis , Health Services , Immunization , Measles , Parents , Seizures , Seoul , Skin , Vomiting , Child Health , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
São Paulo; s.n; 2001. 200 p
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1342923

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivo apreender e analisar as representações de profissionais que atuam em creche, acerca do cuidado da criança. O referencial teórico adotado foi a Teoria das Representações Sociais de Moscovici. Os dados foram coletados junto a 7 coordenadoras e 9 educadoras, de três creches vinculadas a uma universidade pública, no município de São Paulo. Com as coordenadoras, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas. Com as educadoras, foi realizada uma oficina pedagógica, estruturada em 4 encontros. Os tópicos estabelecidos para cada encontro visaram compreender o que os sujeitos do estudo pensam, sentem e fazem, em relação ao cuidado da criança. Os encontros e as entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritos na íntegra e os dados submetidos à análise de conteúdo, segundo a técnica de análise temática. Foram obtidos os seguintes temas: A creche, O trabalho na creche, O cuidado da criança na creche e A creche e a família. Com base na análise, identificou-se que, para as coordenadoras, o cuidado é definido como as ações realizadas para atender às necessidades físicas e emocionais da criança, além dos estabelecimento de vínculo afetivo. Cuidado e educação têm igual valor e se integram porque as crianças aprendem algo durante as ações de cuidado. Para as educadoras, cuidar é prover o bem-estar da criança (alimentar, higienizar, permitir o descanso, manter a segurança física). Consideram o cuidado como etapa preliminar das atividades pedagógicas, que permite à criança sentir-se disposta a aprender. Para ambos os grupos, o cuidado profissional é diferente do cuidado oferecido em casa porque se fundamenta em princípios científicos e rotinas institucionais. Conclui-se que as trabalhadoras, apesar de cuidarem extensivamente das crianças, não reconhecem essas ações como cuidado, o que se deve à falta de reflexão sobre um referencial teórico-conceitual para fundamentar ) o cuidado na creche


This study aimed to ponder and analyze the representations of the professionals actuating in day nurseries concerning the care of the child. The theoretical referential adopted was the Theory of the Social Representations by Moscovici, bearing in mind that care of the child is a phenomenon ever-present in humanity's history that has been re-interpreted as much in the light of science as in that of the knowlwdge of common sense. The data was gathered from 7 coordinators and 9 educators (all 16 were women) from three day nurseries connected to a public university in the São Paulo municipality. The data obtained from the coordinators was collected through semi-structured individual interviews. That from the educators was effected through a pedagogical workshop structured into 4 group encounters. The topics set out for each meeting aimed at understanding what the subjects of the study think of, feel and do with reference to the care of the child. The meetings and interviews were registered on tape, integrally transcribed and the data submitted to the analysis of the contents, according to the technique of thematic analysis. The following themes were obtained: The day nursery, The work in the nursery, The care of the child in the nursery and The Nursery and the family. Based on the analysis it was shown that, for the coordinators, the care is defined as the actions taken to attend to the child`s physical and emotional necessities and for the establishing of an emotional attachment. Care and education have the same value and integrate because the children learn something during the care actions. As concerns the educators, to care is to provide the child`s well being (nourishment, hygiene, rest, maintain, physical security). They consider the care as a preliminary step to pedagogical activities that allow the child to feel apt for learning. For both groups, the professional care differs form that given at home because it is based on scientific principles and institutional routines. It is concluded that the workers, in spite of taking extensive care of the children, do not recognize these actions as care, this being due to the fact that no theoretical-conceptional referential is being used to establish the care in the nursery


Subject(s)
Child Care , Child Day Care Centers , Child Health
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