Effect of Polygonati Rhizoma in improving pyroptosis injury of diabetic macroangiopathy via NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the influence of Polygonati Rhizoma on the pyroptosis in the rat model of diabetic macroangiopathy via the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1)/gasdermin D(GSDMD) pathway. The rat model of diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) combined with a high-fat, high-sugar diet. The blood glucose meter, fully automated biochemical analyzer, hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were employed to measure blood glucose levels, lipid levels, vascular thickness, inflammatory cytokine levels, and expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins. The mechanism of pharmacological interventions against the injury in the context of diabetes was thus explored. The results demonstrated the successful establishment of the model of diabetes. Compared with the control group, the model group showed elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), lowered level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), thickened vascular intima, and elevated serum and aorta levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18). Moreover, the model group showed increased NLRP3 inflammasomes and up-regulated levels of caspase-1 and GSDMD in aortic vascular cells. Polygonati Rhizoma intervention reduced blood glucose and lipid levels, inhibited vascular thickening, lowered the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18 in the serum and aorta, attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome expression, and down-regulated the expression levels of caspase-1 and GSDMD, compared with the model group. In summary, Polygonati Rhizoma can slow down the progression of diabetic macroangiopathy by inhibiting pyroptosis and alleviating local vascular inflammation.

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Diabetic Macroangiopathy Based on Theory of Hidden Pathogen Damaging Collaterals / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The basic pathological change of diabetic macroangiopathy is atherosclerosis， and the metabolism legacy effect of hyperglycemia will cause continuous damage to the large vessels. Oxidative stress is a common mechanism for diabetes and its chronic complications and it is also the basis of the metabolism legacy effect which keeps damaging the large vessels. Anti-oxidant therapy can delay the course of diabetic macroangiopathy. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the pathogenicity of hidden pathogen is concealing， lingering， and refractory. On the basis of the syndrome and treatment of collateral diseases， vessel-collateral theory， and hidden pathogen theory of TCM， the pathological changes of diabetic macroangiopathy are summarized as pathogen concealment-accumulation of sugar and lipids leading to phlegm and blood stasis-accumulation of toxins-damage to vessels and collaterals-hardening vessels. The core pathogenesis is the hidden pathogen damaging the collaterals， and the basic pathological change is vessel hardening. The toxins of sugar， lipid， phlegm， and stasis are the pathological products and the key to be treated. According to this theory， the medicinal materials with the functions of activating blood to dredging collaterals， resolving phlegm to clearing collaterals， Promoting qi to unblocking collaterals and removing toxins to shunting collaterals can be selected for prescription. These medicinal materials can inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species， affect the oxidase activity， and enhance the antioxidant capacity， thereby regulating the oxidative stress response， protecting the vascular endothelial function， reducing the damage of the large blood vessels， and slowing down the progression of the disease. Such therapy is of great significance in clinical practice and research， providing a new idea for the prevention and treatment of diabetic macroangiopathy.

Influence of Endothelial Dysfunction on Diabetic Macroangiopathy： A Perspective from Theory of "Restraining Excessiveness to Acquire Harmony" / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The normal function of vascular endothelial cells is an important foundation for maintaining vascular permeability， restricting inflammatory activities of the vascular wall， and balancing the coagulation and fibrinolytic system. Endothelial dysfunction caused by persistent damage from pathological factors is considered as an early and prominent event of diabetic macroangiopathy. In traditional Chinese medicine， the classical theory of "restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony" was originally a condensed generalization of the rule of generation， restriction， replacement and evolution in the natural world， revealing the internal regulation mechanism of the stable operation of things. Then it gradually evolved into an important rule to explain the physiological phenomena and pathological mechanism of human body and guide the treatment. Corresponding to the nature， the body homeostasis also requires to achieve a state of strong viscera function and inexhaustible Qi and blood generation under the rule of restriction and generation. The pathogenesis of diabetic macroangiopathy is the process of "the predominant one failing to restrict and the hyperactive one becoming harmful". The loss of restriction and generation of the five organs leads to powerless Qi transformation and， as a result， the Qi， blood and body fluid cannot be dispersed. Therefore， the Qi， blood and body fluid turn into phlegm and blood stasis， such as glucose and lipid metabolism disorder， oxidative stress， inflammatory response and high blood viscosity， and finally block the veins. Excessive phlegm and blood stasis cannot be resolved， instead they become harmful and invade the blood vessel， causing endothelial dysfunction and further resulting in diabetic macroangiopathy. Under the guidance of the theory of "restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony"， the method of "harmonizing viscera， eliminating pathogen and removing turbidity" can effectively regulate the function of vascular endothelial cells， thus playing a positive role in preventing and treating diabetic macroangiopathy. The mechanism may be related to reducing oxidative stress， inhibiting inflammation， limiting vascular smooth muscle proliferation， and reducing platelet adhesion.

Pesquisa de enfermedad arterial periférica de miembros inferiores en personas mayores de 50 años / Investigation of lower limb peripheral artery disease in people over the age of 50

Introducción: La enfermedad arterial periférica de miembros inferiores se considera un problema de salud por presentar elevadas tasas de morbi-mortalidad y de amputaciones no traumáticas. En ocasiones se desconoce su presencia en los adultos de la población general. Objetivo: Evaluar mediante pesquiza la presencia de la enfermedad arterial periférica de miembros inferiores en personas mayores de 50 años de la población. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y analítico en 235 personas mayores de 50 años de diferentes municipios de la capital. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad arterial se realizó por examen físico y estudio hemodinámico. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y algunos factores de riego cardiovasculares. Se trabajó con un nivel de confiabilidad del 95 por ciento. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo femenino (68,1 por ciento), la piel blanca (53,2 por ciento) y el grupo etáreo entre 50 y 69 años (68,1 por ciento). Hubo mayor frecuencia de la enfermedad en el sexo masculino (70,5 por ciento). El 55,7 por ciento presentó macroangiopatía diabética. Las prevalencias encontradas para la enfermedad arterial periférica y para los factores de riesgo fueron de 51,9 por ciento y de 91,5 por ciento, respectivamente. El 64,7 por ciento de las personas presentaban tres o más factores. La hipertensión (χ 2 = 23,66; p = 0,0000; OR: 3,88) y la obesidad (χ 2 = 8,74; p < 0,001; OR: 1,38) estuvieron asociadas con la enfermedad arterial periférica. Conclusiones: Las personas mayores de 50 años de edad, del sexo masculino y con más de tres factores de riesgo tienen un riesgo elevado de presentar una enfermedad arterial periférica de miembros inferiores(AU)

Introduction: Lower limb peripheral artery disease is considered a health problem because it has high rates of morbidity-mortality and non-traumatic amputations. Its presence in adults in the general population is sometimes unknown. Objective: Assess by investigation the presence of peripheral artery disease of lower limbs in people of the population over 50 years. Methods: Descriptive and analytical study in 235 people over 50 years from different municipalities of the capital. The diagnosis of arterial disease was made by physical examination and hemodynamic study. Sociodemographic variables and some cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed. The reliability level was of 95 percent. Results: Female sex (68.1 percent), white skin (53.2 percent) and the age group between 50 and 69 years (68.1 percent) predominated. There was a higher frequency of the disease in the male sex (70.5 percent). 55.7 percent had diabetic macroangiopathy. The prevalences found for peripheral artery disease and risk factors were 51.9 percent and 91.5 percent, respectively. 64.7 percent of people had three or more factors. Hypertension (χ 2 = 23.66; p = 0.0000; OR: 3.88) and obesity (χ 2 = 8,74; p < 0,001; OR: 1,38) were associated with peripheral artery disease. Conclusions: People over 50 years of age, males and with more than three risk factors have a high risk of developing peripheral lower limb artery disease(AU)

Efectividad de la cirugía arterial en pacientes diabéticos en un período de cinco años / Effectiveness of arterial surgery in diabetic patients over a period of five years

Introducción: La macroangiopatía diabética constituye un serio problema para los pacientes que la portan y la cirugía revascularizadora constituye una alternativa de tratamiento. Objetivo: Demostrar la efectividad de las cirugías arteriales realizadas en pacientes diabéticos en un período de cinco años. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, en 71 historias clínicas de pacientes portadores de macroangiopatía diabética que recibieron cirugía arterial en el Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular (enero/2011- diciembre/2015). Se analizaron las variables: edad, género, color de la piel, supervivencia de la extremidad, estado de permeabilidad de los injertos y frecuencia de fallecimientos, que en su conjunto medirán la efectividad de la cirugía. Resultados: Hubo un incremento lineal de las cirugías revascularizadoras. La edad media fue de 64,5 ± 9,7 años, con un 67,6 por ciento de mayores de 60 años y más del 60 por ciento eran hombres. El 52,9 por ciento tenía piel blanca, el 80,3 por ciento tuvo grado 4 según Fontaine y el 66,2 por ciento tenía oclusión arterial severa. En más del 90 por ciento se realizó cirugía derivativa o endarterectomía, el 87,3 por ciento tuvo afectado el sector infrainguinal y en el 64,8 por ciento sobrevivió la extremidad. No se registraron muertes perioperatorias ni fallecidos a los seis meses. El 63 por ciento de las cirugías fueron permeables a los seis meses. Conclusiones: Las cirugías arteriales son efectivas pues la mayoría de los pacientes mantienen la extremidad afectada y no se registran fallecimientos perioperatorios ni a los seis meses de evaluación, además, la mayor cantidad de injertos resultaron ser permeables en ese tiempo(AU)

Introduction: Diabetic macroangiopathy is a serious problem for patients who suffer it; and revascularization surgery is an alternative to its treatment. Objective: To show the effectiveness of arterial surgeries performed in diabetic patients over a period of five years. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective study in 71 clinical records of patients with diabetic macroangiopathy who received arterial surgery at the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (January / 2011- December / 2015). The variables analyzed were: age, gender, skin color, survival of the limb, state of permeability of the grafts and frequency of deaths, which as a whole will measure the effectiveness of the surgery. Results: There was a linear increase in revascularization surgeries. The mean age was 64.5 ± 9.7 years, with 67. 6 percent of people over 60 years old, and more than 60 percent were men. 52.9 percent had white skin, 80.3 percent had grade 4 according to Fontaine and 66.2 percent had severe arterial occlusion. In more than 90 percent, derivative surgery or endarterectomy was performed; 87.3 percent had affectations in the infrainguinal sector and in 64.8 percent the limb survived. There were no perioperative deaths or deaths at six months. 63 percent of the surgeries were permeable at six months. Conclusions: Arterial surgeries were effective because the majority of patients maintained the affected limb and there were no perioperative deaths neither at the six months evaluation; in addition, most of the grafts were permeable in that time(AU)

Enfermedades vasculares periféricas y niveles de calidad de vida en el municipio Diez de Octubre / Peripheral vascular diseases and levels of quality of life in 10 of October municipality

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de las enfermedades vasculares periféricas y los niveles de calidad de vida en el municipio "Diez de Octubre". Métodos: Estudio descriptivo en una muestra aleatorizada (n= 200) de los 201 586 habitantes del municipio. El diagnóstico de las enfermedades vasculares periféricas se realizó por examen físico-vascular confirmado por estudios hemodinámico, ultrasonográfico, y ecográfico. Se aplicó el cuestionario de "Calidad de vida" SF-36 a los mayores de 18 años sin discapacidad mental. Resultados: La tasa de enfermedades vasculares periféricas fue de 66 por 100 000 habitantes debida a las flebopatías (59,5 por ciento), la macroangiopatia diabética (13,9 por ciento), la enfermedad arterial periférica (8,4 por ciento) y la cerebrovascular (6,4 por ciento). Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron: obesidad (48,5 por ciento), hipertensión arterial (37,5 por ciento) y tabaquismo (33,5 por ciento). Hubo un incremento de enfermedades vasculares periféricas a partir de los 50 años con la presencia de dos o más enfermedades en el 37,3 por ciento. De las personas. En aquellas con enfermedad vascular se encontró una disminución (p < 0,05) en todas las escalas de la calidad de vida con un deterioro en la medida sumaria "salud física", la que se encontró asociada a su presencia (χ2 = 27,11; p = 0,001). Conclusiones: En el municipio Diez de Octubre, hay una elevada tasa de enfermedades vasculares periféricas con un deterioro importante en los niveles de calidad de vida de las personas que la padecen(AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases and the levels of quality of life in 10 of October municipality. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on a random sample (n=200) from 201 586 inhabitants of the municipality. The diagnosis of peripheral vascular diseases was performed by physical-vascular examination confirmed by hemodynamic, ultrasound, and echo-Doppler studies. The "Quality of life" questionnaire SF-36 was applied to people older than 18 years without mental disabilities. Results: The rate of peripheral vascular disease was 66 per 100 000 inhabitants due to phlebopathies (59.5 percent), diabetic macroangiopathy (13.9 percent), peripheral arterial disease (8.4 percent) and cerebrovascular disease (6.4percent). The most frequent risk factors were obesity (48.5 percent), hypertension (37.5 percent) and smoking (33.5 percent). There was an increase in peripheral vascular diseases after the age of 50 years with two or more types of diseases in 37.3 percent of the population. A decrease (p <0.05) in all the quality of life scales, with deterioration in the disease-related summary measure "physical health", was found in people with vascular disorders (χ2= 27.11; p= 0.001). Conclusions: In 10 of October municipality, there is a high rate of peripheral vascular diseases with a significant deterioration of the quality of life of people who suffer them(AU)

Resultados y reacciones adversas en pacientes tratados con Heberprot-P® en la comunidad / Results and adverse reactions observed in patients treated with Heberprot-P in the community setting

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus es considerada una epidemia en estos momentos a nivel mundial. Al aumentar la prevalencia de esta enfermedad aumenta la de pie diabético con sus respectivas lesiones. Objetivos: Determinar los resultados y reacciones adversas en pacientes tratados Heberprot-P® en la comunidad. Método: Estudio prospectivo en 17 pacientes con distintas lesiones de pie diabético atendidos en un área de salud entre enero de 2012 y abril de 2013. A todos se les aplicó, de forma ambulatoria, Heberprot-P® (factor de crecimiento epidérmico recombinante humano) hasta la granulación total de las lesiones. Resultados: El 52,94 por ciento de los pacientes tenían pie diabético grado 4 según la clasificación de Wagner. El 100 por ciento de los enfermos mostraron resultados satisfactorios. Las reacciones adversas se presentaron en seis ocasiones y en tres pacientes. Conclusiones: Se alcanzaron buenos resultados con el uso del Heberprot-P® considerados por las pocas reacciones adversas y la ausencia de amputación sobre todo en los pacientes diabéticos con úlceras del pie grado 4 de Wagner. El Heberprot-P® constituye un medicamento a tener en cuenta en la curación de las úlceras del pie diabético con la ventaja de que puede utilizarse de forma ambulatoria(AU)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is currently considered as an epidemic worldwide. With the rise of the prevalence of this disease, that of the diabetic foot with its different lesions increases too. Objectives: To determine the results and the adverse reactions in patients treated with Heberprot-P® in the community setting. Method: Prospective study of 17 patients with various diabetic foot lesions, who were seen in a health area from January 2012 to April 2013. They all received an outpatient treatment with Heberprot-P® (human recombinant epidermal growth factor) until complete granulation of lesions. Results: In the group, 52.94 percent of patients had grade 4 diabetic feet according to Wagner´s classification scale. All the treated patients showed satisfactory results and adverse reactions occurred six times in three patients. Conclusions: Good results are achieved with the use of Heberprot-P® due to few adverse reactions and absence of amputation, mainly in diabetics with grade 4-foot ulcers in Wagner´s classification scale. This is a drug to be taken into consideration for curing diabetic foot ulcers since it can also be used in outpatient treatment(AU)

Research progress of pigment epithelium-derived factor ,insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes / 中国糖尿病杂志

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF ) was originally found fromretinal pigment epithelium. It is confirmed that it plays an anti-angiogenic and apoptosis role in diabetic microangiopathy. Recently ,PEDF has been found to have a close relationship with insulin resistance ,type 2 diabetes and diabetic macroangiopathy. But the mechanism is unclear. More and more researches focused on its role in oxidative stress. PEDF may become a new target for diabetes and diabetic complication treatment and also a predictive factor for the disease.

Prevalencia de enfermedades vasculares periféricas en el municipio de Arroyo Naranjo / Prevalence of vascular peripheral diseases in Arroyo Naranjo municipality

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de enfermedades vasculares periféricas en el municipio de Arroyo Naranjo según edad y sexo, su distribución en las personas detectadas enfermas y factores de riesgo asociados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una muestra aleatorizada (n= 200) de los 208 554 habitantes del municipio de Arroyo Naranjo. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad vascular periférica se realizó por examen físico­vascular confirmado por estudios hemodinámico, ultrasonográfico, y ecográfico. Los datos de interés se obtuvieron del interrogatorio. Resultados: Se halló una elevada frecuencia del sexo femenino (80,5 por ciento) y del grupo mayor de 60 años (33,5 por ciento). La tasa de enfermedades vasculares periféricas fue de 77,2 por 100 000 habitantes contribuyó a esta cifra las flebopatías. Se observó un predominio de la obesidad (45 por ciento), la hipertensión arterial (44,5 por ciento) y el tabaquismo (41 por ciento). Se encontró que el 47,8 por ciento de las personas enfermas tenían más de tres factores de riesgo. Las mujeres mayores de 50 años, a diferencia de los hombres, presentaban más enfermedad carotidea (80,8 por ciento) y macroangiopatía diabética (65,7 por ciento). Conclusiones: En el municipio de Arroyo Naranjo, hay una elevada tasa de enfermedades vasculares periféricas sobre todo en las mujeres mayores de 50 años, más aún cuando tienen tres o más factores de riesgo, lo que indica la importancia del diagnóstico precoz, ya que estas personas desconocían que estaban enfermas y que requerían de un tratamiento oportuno(AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases in Arroyo Naranjo municipality by sex and age, their distribution in the detected sick persons and the associated risk factors. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a randomized sample (n= 200) of 208 554 inhabitants of Arroyo Naranjo municipality. Peripheral vascular diseases were diagnosed through physical-vascular examination and confirmed with hemodynamic, ultrasonografic and echographic studies. Questioning of patients provided the necessary information. Results: There was high frequency of females (80.5 percent) and of the age group over 60 years (33.5 percent). The rate of peripheral vascular diseases was 77.2 per 100 000 inhabitants in which phlebopathies influence. Obesity (45,0 percent), arterial hypertension (44.5 percent) and smoking (41,0 percent) predominated. It was found that 47.8 percent of the sick persons had more than three risk factors. Unlike men, women older than 50 years were more affected by carotid disease (80.8 percent) and diabetic macroangiopathy (65.7 percent). Conclusions: In Arroyo Naranjo municipality, there is a high rate of peripheral vascular disease mainly in women older than 50 years, even more when they have three or more risk factors, which points to the importance of early diagnosis since these persons did not know that they were sick and required timely treatment(AU)

Comportamiento de la hemoglobina glucosilada en diabéticos tipo 2 con macroangiopatía diabética de los miembros inferiores / Behavior of glycosylated hemoglobin type 2 in diabetics with diabetic macroangiopathy in the lower members

Introducción: la hemoglobina glucosilada es utilizada para evaluar el grado de control glucémico. Se ha publicado que la disminución de este indicador en el 2 % reduce la aparición o progresión de las complicaciones micro- o macrovasculares. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de la hemoglobina glucosilada en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con macroangiopatía diabética de los miembros inferiores. Métodos: se estudiaron 100 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con o sin macroangiopatía diabética de los miembros inferiores; 36 hombres y 64 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 61,8 años (44-79 años). Se cuantificó el grado de glucosilación de la hemoglobina y se calculó su valor de referencia. Se identificó y describió el tipo de asociación del indicador con diferentes factores de riesgo y con el tipo de macroangiopatía diabética. Resultados: se escogió el valor de 8,6 por ciento de hemoglobina glucosilada por ser el punto de corte con los mayores valores de sensibilidad (73,7 por ciento), especificidad (83,7 por ciento) y razón de probabilidad (4,52). Se constató un mal control glucémico en el 48,3 por ciento de los pacientes, donde la mayor proporción correspondió a la macroangiopatía de tipo ocluido (44,8 por ciento). En los pacientes descompensados fue la dislipidemia el factor de riesgo que más predominó (58,3 por ciento), así como la combinación del tabaquismo con la hipertensión arterial (35,3 por ciento). Conclusión: los pacientes diabéticos de tipo 2 con macroangiopatía diabética de los miembros inferiores de tipo ocluido mostraron valores muy elevados de hemoglobina glucosilada indicativo de un mal control metabólico(AU)

Introduction: glycosylated hemoglobin is used to evaluate the level of glycemic control. It has been reported that its decrease by 2 % reduces the occurrence or progression of micro or macrovascular complications. Objective: to determine the behavior of glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes patients with macroangiopathy in lower limbs. Method: study of one hundred type 2 diabetic patients with/without diabetic macroangiopathy in their lower limbs; 36 were males and 64 females averagely aged 61.8 years (44-74 years). The level of hemoglobin glycosylation was quantitated as well as the reference value was estimated. The kind of association of this indicator with several risk factors and with the type of diabetic macroangiopathy was also established and described. Results: the reference value of 8.6 percent of the glycosylated hemoglobin was chosen because it was the cutoff point with the highest sensitivity (73.7 percent), specificity (83.7 percent) and probability odds (4.52) values. Poor glycemic control was confirmed in 48.3 percent of patients, mainly affected by occluded macroangiopathy (44.8 percent). In decompensated patients, dyslipidemia was the predominant risk factor (58.3 percent) along with the combination of smoking and blood hypertension (35.3 percent). Conclusions: the type 2 diabetic patients with occluded diabetic macroangiopathy of the lower limbs showed very high glycosylated hemoglobin values indicative of poor metabolic control(AU)

Expression of interleukin-17 in diabetic macroangiopathy and the mechanism of intervention with resveratrol / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To study the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in diabetic rat aorta and the effect of intervention with resveratrol,meanwhile,to explore the potential mechanisms of IL-17 induced diabetic vascular diseases and the protective role played by resveratrol in the epigenetic field.Methods The experiment was carried out in 4 groups:normal control group(NC),normal interventional group(NB),diabetic group(DM),and diabetic interventional group(DB),NB and DB groups were intervened with resveratrol.Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the histological localization of IL-17 and to measure the thickness of rat abdominal aorta.Western blotting,real-time PCR,and methylation-specific PCR were used respectively to compare the expression of IL-17 protein and mRNA,as well as DNA methylation in 4 groups.Results IL-17 mainly expressed in arterial intima of diabetic rats,the abdominal aorta in DM group was obviously thicker than that in NC and DB groups(P＜0.05).IL-17 protein and mRNA expressions in DM group were significantly higher than NC group(P＜0.05),and were reduced in NB and DB groups compared with NC and DM groups respectively.While DNA methylation levels of IL-17 in DM group were significantly lower than NC group(P＜0.01),however,the levels in NB and DB groups were elevated accordingly as compared with corresponding groups.Conclusions The increased levels of IL-17 in aorta of diabetic rats suggests that IL-17 is involved in the process of inflammatory responses to diabetic macrovascular diseases,while resveratrol could inhibit the expression,it may play a role in protecting aorta,and the regulation of IL-17 gene promoter DNA methylation levels may be the potential mechanism underlying these two phenomena.

Las complicaciones macrovasculares y su relación con algunas variables clínicas y bioquímicas en diabéticos tipo 2 / The macrovascular complications and its relation to some clinical and biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes patients

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de macroangiopatía diabética, así como su relación con algunas variables clínicas y bioquímicas en diabéticos tipo 2 (DM 2). Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo con 438 pacientes DM 2 ingresados en el Centro de Atención al Diabético de Bayamo, Granma, en el período comprendido desde octubre de 2007 a diciembre de 2008. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad, sexo, color de la piel, consumo de tabaco y alcohol, tiempo de evolución de la diabetes, peso, talla, circunferencia de la cintura, tensión arterial, niveles séricos de colesterol y triglicéridos, así como la presencia de complicaciones macrovasculares de la diabetes. Los sujetos se dividieron en 2 grupos: con macroangiopatía y sin macroangiopatía. RESULTADOS: de los 438 pacientes DM 2 estudiados, 107 (24,4 por ciento) tenían algún tipo de macroangiopatía. Predominó la insuficiencia arterial periférica en 67 casos (15,3 por ciento), seguido de la cardiopatía isquémica con 52 (11,8 por ciento) y el ictus con 4 (0,9 por ciento). En 16 casos se presentó más de una complicación. Resultó significativa la asociación entre la edad (p=0,0000), el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes (p=0,0000), la hipertensión arterial sistólica (p=0,0361), el colesterol (p=0,0000) y los triglicéridos (p=0,0000), con el desarrollo de macroangiopatía. Los pacientes DM 2 con síndrome metabólico presentaron 4,31 veces más probabilidades de desarrollar cardiopatía isquémica, que aquellos que no lo tenían (p=0,0388). CONCLUSIONES: la frecuencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares en los pacientes con DM 2 en nuestro medio es elevada y se asocia a la edad, el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes, la hipertensión arterial y con los altos niveles de colesterol y triglicéridos. El síndrome metabólico incrementa el riesgo de cardiopatía isquémica en los pacientes con DM 2(AU)

Objetive: to determine the diabetic macroangiopathy frequency, as well as its relation to some clinical and biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes patients (DM 2). METHODS: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 438 DM 2 patients admitted in the Diabetic Center Care of Bayamo, Gramma province from October, 2007 to December, 2008. Variables used included: age, sex, skin color, smoking and alcoholism, diabetes course time, weight, height, waist circumference blood pressure, serum cholesterol levels and triglycerides, as well as the presence of diabetes-macrovascular complications. Subjects were divided into two groups: those presenting with and without macroangiopathy. RESULTS: from the 438 study DM patients, 107 (24,4 percent) had some type of macroangiopathy. There was predominance of peripheral arterial failure in 67 cases (15,3 percent) followed by ischemic heart disease in 52 cases (11,8 percent) and ictus in 4 cases (0,9 percent). In 16 cases there was more than one complication. The association between age (p=0,0000), diabetes course time (p=0,0000), systolic high blood pressure (p=0,0361), cholesterol level (p=0,0000) and triglycerides (p=0,0000) and the macroangiopathy development. DM 2 patients presenting with metabolic syndrome had 4,31 more probabilities to develop a ischemic heart disease than those without these conditions. CONCLUSIONS: the frequency of cardiovascular complications in DM 2 patients in our institution is high and it is associated with age, diabetes course time, high blood pressure and with high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of ischemic heart disease in DM 2 patients(AU)

Effects of rAAV2/1-Acrp30 on NF-?B and adhesion molecule in GK rats with atherosclerosis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the effects of rAAV2/1-Acrp30 on sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 level as well as NF-?B expression in GK rats with diabetic arteriosclerosis so as to explore the effect of adiponectin on diabetic macroangiopathy. Methods A total number of 30 atherosclerotic GK rat models were randomly divided into three groups:① Model group one (M1):hind limb intramuscular injection of normal saline; ② Model group two (M2):hind limb intramuscular injection of vacuity virus rAAV2/1; ③ Treatment group (T):hind limb intramuscular injection of rAAV2/1-Acrp30 at a dose of 1?1012mg/L. After 8 weeks' treatment,the rats were killed,and serum sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 level as well as aortic NF-?Bp65mRNA expression were measured in each group. Aortic NF-?Bp65mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR.Results Compared with those in control model groups (M1 and M2),sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels were decreased significantly in the treatment (T) group (P