Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 17 de 17
Filter
1.
Estud. Psicol. (Campinas, Online) ; 40: e200180, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1440118

ABSTRACT

Objective: The present study aims to understand the theoretical-methodological rationales which guide psychological care practices for family members of people with alcohol use disorders. Method: For this theoretical-reflective study we conducted a systematic search for literature review articles to learn about the modality of interventions, their theoretical-methodological frameworks and clinical or efficacy results. Afterwards, a complementary search for articles and book chapters was conducted to map and analyze the most used professional care practices and their theoretical assumptions. Results: We identified six theoretical-methodological rationales that guide the professional's clinical reasoning in caring for family members, which are organized around key concepts about their emotional suffering: 1) family stress; 2) family dynamics; 3) behavioral repertoire deficit; 4) codependency; 5) inflexibility; 6) potential for psychological change. Conclusion: The identification of these rationales can aid professionals when planning their practices in a critical and informed manner.


Objetivo: Este estudo objetiva compreender as racionalidades teórico-metodológicas que guiam práticas psicológicas de cuidado a familiares de pessoas com transtornos por uso de álcool. Método: Para este estudo teórico-reflexivo realizamos uma busca sistemática de artigos de revisão de literatura para compreender as modalidades de intervenção, seus enquadres teórico-metodológicos e resultados clínicos ou eficácia. Na sequência, uma busca complementar de artigos e capítulos de livro foi conduzida a fim de mapear e analisar as práticas de cuidado profissional mais utilizadas, bem como seus pressupostos teóricos. Resultados: Foram identificadas seis racionalidades teórico-metodológicas que guiam o raciocínio clínico do profissional em torno de conceitos-chave sobre o sofrimento emocional dos familiares: 1) estresse familiar; 2) dinâmica familiar; 3) déficit de repertório comportamental; 4) conduta codependente; 5) rigidez das defesas psíquicas; 6) potencialidade para a mudança psicológica. Conclusão: A identificação dessas racionalidades auxilia o profissional no planejamento de suas práticas de modo crítico e informado.


Subject(s)
Professional Practice , Alcoholism , Family Relations
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 32(2): 1-13, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1339326

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association of contextual and individual factors with Oral Health literacy (OHL) in early adolescence. This is a population-based cross-sectional study carried out with 740 12-year-old adolescents randomly selected by a two-stage probabilistic cluster sampling process from schools in Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians provided sociodemographic information. Adolescents answered the Brazilian version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES III) to measure family functioning, and the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) to measure OHL. Descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by robust Poisson's regression analysis for complex samples with a multilevel approach (p<0.05). Rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The two levels of the analysis were students and schools. Adolescents enrolled at schools with higher grade-retention rate had slightly worse OHL scores (RR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99). The following individual factors were associated with the level of OHL: the female sex (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.10), mother's schooling more than eight years (RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.19), younger guardians (RR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.97) and a balanced family functioning (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.14). Individual and contextual factors were associated with OHL in early adolescence.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de um nanocomplexo recém-desenvolvido formado entre hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina e 1% de tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) após distintos períodos de complexação (12/72 horas) na desmineralização do esmalte bovino in vitro. Blocos de esmalte (n = 60) foram alocados para cada grupo: água Mili-Q, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina, TiF4 a 1%, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 12 horas de complexação e hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 72 horas de complexação. As amostras foram avaliadas pela microdureza superficial, microdureza transversal e micro-CT. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura / espectrometria de raios X por dispersão de energia (MEV / EDX) foram obtidas. A hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 12h de complexação resultou em um menor percentual de perda de microdureza superficial em comparação com água Mili-Q, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina, TiF4 a 1% e hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 72 horas de complexação com uma ampla magnitude de efeito (de 1,307 a 2,943) e alto poder (84,9 a 99%). Todos os grupos resultaram em similar perda integrada de minerais (ΔZ) obtida por ambas as técnicas de microdureza e micro-CT. O esmalte tratado com os grupos TiF4 e TiF4 + hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina apresentou camada de esmalte TiO2, enquanto a avaliação de EDX identificou Ti. A solução contendo o complexo de inclusão de hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 com 12 horas de período de complexação demonstrou uma capacidade significativa para reduzir a desmineralização superficial do esmalte hígido sob um desafio cariogênico artificial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Health Literacy , Schools , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 9(3): 696-704, jul.-set. 2017.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-982952

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the family’s (re)organization strategies while living together with a member that makes peritoneal dialysis at home. Methods: Qualitative study conducted through interviews with seven families that had a member in peritoneal dialysis, linked to a renal clinic in the south of Brazil, from March to May, 2012. The data were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: The strategies adopted by families were: to adapt the treatment schedule with other activities; to acquire knowledge and develop abilities to make peritoneal dialysis; to adequate the physical environment of the residence; and to adapt the family routine to face the sickness and the treatment of familial member. Conclusion: The (re)organization of the family has occurred to make treatment and daily activities possible. Once the nurse acknowledges the individuality of the families, when they ask him/her to help, he/she can help them, and try to attend the expectations of each one with sensibility.


Objetivo: Descrever as estratégias de (re)organização da família ao conviver com um dos membros realizando diálise peritoneal domiciliar. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, feito por meio de entrevistas realizadas nas residências de sete famílias que tinham um familiar em diálise peritoneal, vinculados a uma clínica renal do sul do Brasil, de março a maio de 2012. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: As estratégias adotadas pelas famílias foram: conciliar os horários do tratamento com a realização de outras atividades; adquirir conhecimento e desenvolver habilidades para realizar a diálise peritoneal domiciliar; adequar o ambiente físico do domicílio; e adaptar o cotidiano da família diante da doença e do tratamento do familiar. Conclusão: A (re)organização familiar ocorreu para viabilizar o tratamento e a continuação de atividades cotidianas. O enfermeiro, ao conhecer a individualidade das famílias, pode auxiliá-las no enfrentamento e atender as expectativas de cada uma com sensibilidade.


Objetivo: Describir las estrategias de (re)organización de la familia al convivir con un familiar realizando diálisis peritoneal en domicilio. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, entrevista en las residencias de siete familias de pacientes vinculados a una clínica renal del Sur de Brasil, de marzo a mayo de 2012. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis temático. Resultados: Las estrategias adoptadas por las familias fueron: coincidir los horarios de tratamiento con la realización de las demás actividades; obtener conocimiento y desarrollar habilidades para realizar la diálisis peritoneal en su domicilio; adecuar el ambiente físico del domicilio; adaptar el cotidiano de la familia frente la enfermedad y el tratamiento del familiar. Conclusión: La (re)organización familiar ocurrió para lograr el tratamiento y la continuidad de las actividades cotidianas. El enfermero, al conocer la especificidad de las familias, puede auxiliarlas en el afrontamiento, con sensibilidad intentar atender expectativas de cada una.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Family Relations , Home Nursing/methods , Home Nursing/psychology , Peritoneal Dialysis/psychology , Brazil , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(2): 181-187, feb. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-779485

ABSTRACT

Background: Feeding modes and appetence toward certain foods are usually conditioned by the family. Obesity during adolescence usually persists during adulthood. Aim: To determine differences in family structure of adolescents according to their nutritional status. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 overweight-obese and 60 normal weight adolescents. Family type was determined based on their conformation (kinship and cohabitation), development (if the mother had a remunerated job), demography (geographical area), integration (functions of the couple); life cycle stage and functionality. Results: Fifty eight percent of normal weight adolescents had simple nuclear families and 47% of overweight-obese adolescents had an extended family. Thirty one and 21% of overweight/obese and normal weight adolescents lived with an overweight/obese individual, respectively. Conclusions: There are differences in the family structure of overweight/obese and normal weight adolescents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Family Characteristics , Obesity/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight/epidemiology , Feeding Behavior , Mexico/epidemiology
6.
Cad. saúde pública ; 30(5): 998-1008, 05/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-711843

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se analisar fatores intervenientes nas relações sociais e familiares de jovens dois anos pós-parto. Estudo transversal com 464 jovens de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, que finalizaram uma gravidez no primeiro quadrimestre de 2006, em seis maternidades do município. Dados foram coletados de maio a dezembro de 2008 após identificação das jovens nos registros das maternidades. A análise multivariada se deu por meio de regressão logística multinomial. Jovens com laços conjugais eram 80% menos propensas a terem relações negativas com o cônjuge. Participantes com idade de 20-22 anos se relacionavam 2,4 vezes melhor com a mãe do que aquelas com idade de 17-19 anos. Jovens que não estudavam tinham 97% mais chances de mudanças negativas na relação com os amigos e as católicas eram 50% menos propensas a terem piorado suas relações de amizade após o parto. São necessárias ações orientadoras aos indivíduos que convivem com as jovens mães sobre a importância do apoio neste momento da vida, principalmente o parceiro e a mãe, incentivando-a a manter-se estudando.


This study aimed to analyze factors affecting social and family relations of young mothers in the two-year postpartum period. This was a cross-sectional study of 464 young mothers in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, who gave birth during the first four months of 2006 in six maternity hospitals. Data were collected from May to December 2008 after identifying the young women in the maternity hospital records. Multivariate analysis used multinomial logistic regression. Married young women (including those in common-law marriages) were 80% less likely to have negative relations with their partners. Participants 20 to 22 years of age related 2.4 times better with their mothers than those 17 to 19 years of age. Young women not attending school showed 97% higher odds of negative changes in relations with friends, and Catholics were 50% less likely to have worse relations with friends following childbirth. Measures are needed to orient individuals living with young mothers (especially their partners and mothers) concerning the importance of support in this phase of life, particularly encouraging them to stay in school.


El objetivo fue analizar los factores que intervienen en las relaciones de jóvenes durante el posparto. Se trata de un estudio transversal con 464 jóvenes de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, que completaron un embarazo en el primer trimestre de 2006 en seis hospitales de la ciudad. Los datos fueron recogidos entre mayo y diciembre de 2008, después de la identificación de las jóvenes en los registros de maternidad. El análisis multivariado se realizó mediante regresión logística multinomial. Las jóvenes con lazos matrimoniales fueron un 80% menos propensas a tener relaciones negativas con su cónyuge. Las participantes con edades entre 20 y 22 años estaban relacionadas 2,4 veces mejor con la madre, que las personas de 17-19 años. Las jóvenes que no estudiaban tenían un 97% más probabilidades de cambios negativos en las relaciones de amistad y, en los católicos, era un 50% menos probable que hubieran empeorado sus relaciones de amistad después del parto. Se requieren acciones de orientación a las personas que viven con madres jóvenes sobre la importancia del apoyo en este momento de la vida, especialmente, la pareja y la madre, para que la animen a seguir estudiando.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Family Relations , Interpersonal Relations , Mothers/psychology , Age Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Sexual Partners , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors
7.
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences ; : 50-57, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-628251

ABSTRACT

Background: Work-family conflict has received increasing attention in recent decades in the area of workplace stressors, which can affect employees’ health. However, the dimensionality of the work–family conflict construct among the Malay-speaking population has not been clarified. In order to do so, it is crucial to use an instrument that is appropriate and valid for the Malay-speaking population. As such, the goal of this study was to validate and test the dimensionality of the Malay version of the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire. Methods: The present study conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency, using Cronbach’s alpha, of the work–family conflict construct among 332 working women in Malaysia. Results: The results supported the existence of four dimensions in the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire that distinguish between time based and strain-based work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The discriminant validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency of this construct are adequately supported. Conclusion: The findings of this study supported the existence of discriminant and convergent validity, as well as adequate reliability, for the construct. Thus, the Work–Family Conflict Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument among Malay-speaking working women.

8.
Psicol. argum ; 31(74): 395-403, jul.-set. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-745363

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar fatores relacionados à estrutura e ao funcionamento familiar que contribuem para o aumento da vulnerabilidade do idoso à violênciafamiliar. Os aspectos abordados foram embasados na literatura das áreas da saúde, terapia de família e gerontologia. O estudo justifica-se pela perspectiva de aumento contínuo da expectativa de vida no Brasil e no mundo, fato que traz novos desafios para a questão do envelhecimento humano e para as relações intergeracionais. Os dados apresentados servem como subsídiopara a reflexão dos profissionais da saúde que assistem famílias e que deparam, em sua práxis, com casos de maus-tratos contra os idosos, para que estejam atentos à sua ocorrênciae aos fatores que podem desencadeá-los, de modo a agir preventivamente. O estudo procura sensibilizar para a necessidade de pesquisas que privilegiem a participação do idoso vítima de violência familiar, como também que identifiquem nas relações familiares os fatores que protegem os idosos desse agravo.


This article aims to present factors related to family structure and functioning that contribute to increase vulnerability of the elderly to family violence. The discussed issues were based on literature from the fields of health, family therapy and gerontology. The study is justified by the prospect of continued increase in life expectancy in Brazil and worldwide, a fact that brings new challenges to the issue of human aging and intergenerational relations. The data presented serve as an aid to reflection of health professionals who assist families who are faced with cases of abuse against the elderly in their practice, so they can be aware of their occurrence and the factors that can unleash them as a way to act preventively. The study seeks to raise awareness of the need for researches that emphasize the participation of the elderly victims of violence, as well asidentify factors that protect them from this injury.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Family , Elder Abuse , Family Relations , Home Nursing
9.
Paidéia (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 23(55): 253-261, May-Aug/2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-696027

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to comprehend the meanings that parents/caregivers of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer attribute to their child’s disease. It is a qualitative, exploratory/descriptive study. Data were collected through group discussions and individual interviews with the parents/caregivers of children/adolescents and categorized using content analysis. The impressions of the researchers were recorded in a field diary, contributing to the data analysis. The results indicate that the disease and treatment involve periods of psychological suffering that affect the family structure. Cancer was reported as a real enemy to be fought through coping or avoidance, which generates expectations about the future and causes feelings of fear, as well as hope. It was concluded that the childhood cancer causes repercussions in the family relationships, the recognition of which can contribute to both the preparation of professional teams who work with this population, as well as the public health policies developed.


Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender os significados que os pais/cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes diagnosticadas com câncer atribuem à doença de seu filho. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de caráter exploratório/descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de grupos de discussões e entrevistas individuais com pais/cuidadores da criança/adolescente, sendo categorizados a partir da análise de conteúdo. As impressões dos pesquisadores foram registradas em diário de campo, contribuindo para a análise dos dados. Os resultados indicam que o adoecimento e tratamento implicam em períodos de sofrimento psíquico que acometem a estrutura familiar. O câncer é relatado como um inimigo real a ser combatido via enfrentamento ou esquiva, o que gera expectativas quanto ao futuro e causa sentimentos de medo, mas também de esperança. Conclui-se que o câncer infanto-juvenil causa repercussões nas relações familiares cujo reconhecimento pode contribuir tanto para o preparo de equipes profissionais que atuam com esse público, quanto nas políticas públicas de saúde desenvolvidas.


La finalidad de este estudio fue comprender los significados que los padres/cuidadores de niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con cáncer atribuyen a la enfermedad de sus hijos. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio/descriptivo. Los datos fueron recolectados usando grupos de discusión y entrevistas individuales con padres/cuidadores del niño/adolescente, analizados a partir del análisis de contenido. Las impresiones de los investigadores fueron registradas en diario de campo, contribuyendo al análisis de los datos. Los resultados indican que el enfermar y el tratamiento forman períodos de sufrimiento psíquico, acometiendo la estructura familiar. El cáncer es relatado como un enemigo real a ser combatido, sea por medio de enfrentamiento o evitación, generando expectativas cuanto al futuro y causando sentimientos de miedo y esperanza. Se concluye que el cáncer infanto-juvenil repercute en las relaciones familiares. El reconocimiento de tales repercusiones puede contribuir tanto a la preparación de equipos profesionales cuanto a las políticas públicas de salud desarrolladas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Caregivers , Family Relations , Neoplasms , Psychosocial Impact , Stress, Psychological
10.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 20(2,n.esp): 758-763, dez. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-727472

ABSTRACT

Estudo descritivo realizado com clientes e familiares durante o encontro musical, estratégia de cuidado na quimioterapia para a comunicação dos participantes e a expressão dos sentimentos sobre adoecimento e morte. Objetivou se analisar as concepções de clientes em tratamento quimioterápico e familiares participantes dos encontros musicais sobre a morte e os recursos utilizados para o seu enfrentamento. Foi aplicada pesquisa convergente-assistencial, sendo obtidos dados através de entrevistas individuais e grupos de convergência num total de oito encontros semanais com 27 sujeitos. Pesquisa realizada no Hospital Central do Exército, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em 2009. Os resultados apontam que os encontros facilitaram a expressão de crenças e sentimentos acerca do processo vida/morte, contribuindo para o enfrentamento da ansiedade na quimioterapia. O cuidado em oncologia deve abarcar a criação de espaços de compartilhamento que incluam atividades criativas como recurso para o enfrentamento da perspectiva de morte.


Descriptive research developed at the Central Army Hospital, in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 2009, with family and clients undergoing chemotherapy. The music session is a care strategy to encourage communication and expression feelings regarding illness and death. Its primary objective was to analyze participants’ perceptions of death as well as their resources for coping with it. Data was obtained with Assistential-Convergent Research, through individual interviews and convergence groups with 27 subjects for 8 weekly meetings. Results show meetings facilitated the expression of beliefs and feelings aboutlife / death, and contributed with mechanisms for coping with anxiety about chemotherapy. Oncology care should include the opening up of space for sharing creative activities for coping with death.


Estudio llevado a cabo con clientes y familiares durante el encuentro musical, estrategia de cuidado en la quimioterapia, para la comunicación de los participantes y la expresión de los sentimientos sobre adolecer y muerte. Se objetivó analizar las percepciones de clientes en tratamiento de quimioterapia y de familiares participantes acerca de lamuerte y los recursos utilizados para su confrontación. Metodología: Investigación Convergente Asistencial, datos obtenidos a través de entrevistas individuales y grupos de convergencia en un total de 8 reuniones semanales con 27 sujetos. La investigación se realizó en el Hospital Central del Ejército, en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro-Brasil, en 2009. Los resultados indican que las reuniones facilitaron la expresión de las creencias y sentimientos sobre el proceso vida / muerte, lo que contribuye para enfrentar la ansiedad en la quimioterapia. La atención en oncología debe incluir la creación de espacios que incluyen compartir actividades creativas como un recurso para la confrontación de perspectiva de la muerte.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Oncology Nursing , Music , Drug Therapy , Professional-Family Relations , Family Health , Brazil
11.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 21(3): 307-322, sep.-dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-584456

ABSTRACT

El enfoque y tratamiento clínicos de la intersexualidad es un campo complejo y profundo, es además un terreno caracterizado por debates y polémicas en el que aún hay aspectos por dilucidar relativos al paradigma actual de atención de salud. La prescripción de terapias quirúrgicas y hormonales desde etapas tempranas de la vida está pautada, por lo que adquieren especial relevancia las experiencias y vivencias con los servicios de salud. Objetivos: describir la experiencia de personas diagnosticadas con trastornos del desarrollo sexual en los servicios de salud, y desde su perspectiva, caracterizar la relación médico-paciente y el modelo de atención de salud. Metodos: estudio exploratorio que utiliza como metodología cualitativa la entrevista en profundidad. Participaron 20 personas con el diagnóstico ya mencionado. Se realizó el análisis correspondiente de la técnica utilizada, y culminó con la triangulación de la información de bibliografía actualizada y análisis multidisciplinario. Los aspectos éticos fueron bien establecidos y aplicados. Alrededor de la mitad de los sujetos abandonaron los servicios de salud por decepción y desesperanza. Fueron identificadas iatrogenias en la gestión médica y paramédica. El proceso de medicalización se expresó en el discurso y en los procedimientos e intervenciones médicas implementadas. La relación médico-paciente fue muy importante en la vida de una mayoría, sin embargo la naturaleza de la relación fue vertical y unidireccional, caracterizada por el secreto médico y parental. Las vivencias de alienación se relacionaron con el rol desempeñado en el espacio institucional y con el desequilibrio de poder en la relación con el proveedor de salud. CONCLUSIONES: existen deficiencias en el modelo de atención. Se hallaron brechas entre los servicios ofrecidos y las necesidades y expectativas personales de atención de salud. El algoritmo que pauta la conducta a seguir no ha logrado la atención integral por el equipo interdisciplinario, ni el acompañamiento psicológico a la familia desde los primeros momentos del diagnóstico. Un nuevo paradigma de atención de salud debe ser privilegiado(AU)


The approach and clinical treatments of intersexuality is a complex and deep subject, it is also a field characterized by debates and controversies where still there are features to be elucidate in relation to current paradigm of health care. The prescription of surgical and hormonal therapies from early stages of life is regulated acquiring special relevance the experiences and situations related to the health services. Objetives: to describe the experiences of persons diagnosed with sexual development disorders in health services and from their perspective, to characterize the relation physician-patient and the health care form. Methods: present study uses as qualitative methodology the interview intimately and included 20 persons with the abovementioned diagnosis. The corresponding analysis of the technique used was carried out finishing with the triangulation of updated bibliography information and a multidisciplinary analysis. Ethical features were well established and applied. Results: Around the half of subjects gave up the health services due to disappointment and hopelessness. In medical and paramedical actions a iatrogenesis was identified. The medicine process was expressed in the speech and in the applied medical procedures and interventions. The relation physician-patient was very significant in the life of many persons, however, the relation nature was vertical and unidirectional, characterized by the medical and family secret. The alienation experiences were related to the role played in the institutional environment and to the power lack of balance in the relation with the health provider. Conclusions: there are deficiencies in care form and breaches among the services offered and the personal needs and expectations of health care. The algorithm giving guidelines for the behavior to follow neither has achieve the integral attention for the interdisciplinary team nor the psychological support to family from the firsts moments of diagnosis. A new health care paradigm must to be exceptional(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional-Patient Relations/ethics , Disorders of Sex Development/diagnosis , Health Services/standards , Sexual Development , Professional-Family Relations , Exploratory Behavior/ethics
12.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 17(1)jan.-mar. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-513367

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a comunicação entre o profissional de saúde e os familiares dos pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Estudo exploratório e de campo realizado na UTI do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo entre janeiro e março de 2007. Foram entrevistadas 22 famílias, após a alta do paciente da UTI, com formulário contendo 10 perguntas sobre como foram acolhidos pela equipe de saúde e informados sobre o quadro clínico do paciente durante o horário de visita. Também foi utilizada a técnica da observação participante que permitiu verificar os sinais comunicativos verbais e não verbais dos familiares durante a interação com a equipe. Conclui-se que parte das famílias necessita de mais clareza de informações sobre o ambiente da UTI e de apoio emocional por parte da equipe de saúde.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate communication between health workers and relatives of patients in a intensive care unit (ICU). This exploratory and field study took place at the ICU of São Paulo University Hospital from January to March of 2007. Twenty-two families were interviewed, after patient release from ICU, using a form of ten questions on how they had been received by the health team and informed of the patient’s clinical condition during visiting hours. The technique of participatory observation was also used to discern relatives’ verbal and nonverbal communication signals during interaction with the team. It concludes that some relatives need clearer information on the ICU environment and emotional support from the health team.


Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de evaluar la comunicación entre el profesional de salud y los familiares de los pacientes internados en una unidad de terapia intensiva (UTI). Estudio exploratório y de campo ejecutado en la UTI del hospital escuela de la Universidad de São Paulo-Brasil, entre enero y marzo de 2007. Fueron entrevistadas 22 familias, después de la alta del paciente de la UTI, con 10 preguntas sobre como fueron acogidos por el equipo de salud e informados sobre el cuadro clínico del paciente durante el horario de visita. También fue utilizada la técnica de la observación participante que posibilitó verificar los señales comunicativos verbales y no verbales de los familiares durante la interacción con el equipo. Se concluye que parte de las familias necesita más claridad de informaciones sobre el ambiente de la UTI y de ayuda emocional por parte del equipo de salud.


Subject(s)
Communication , Humanization of Assistance , Professional-Family Relations , Intensive Care Units , Health Services Research , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive
13.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 33(1): 72-79, jan.-mar. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517398

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam o genograma como um instrumento clínico de trabalho para o profissional de saúde. Fundamentado na teoria sistêmica, o genograma possibilita analisar o contexto psicossocial do paciente, sua família e sua doença. Por ser um mapa relacional, facilita a visualização do contexto familiar, funcionando como uma "radiografia" psicossocial do paciente. Os autores sugerem seu uso na prática clínica e fornecem exemplos de sua aplicação. Concluem ser um instrumento que favorece a identificação de estressores no contexto familiar, no estabelecimento da relação entre estes e o processo saúde-doença. O genograma evidencia a identificação de padrões transgeracionais de doença e de redes de apoio psicossocial, além de possibilitar a ampliação de estratégias terapêuticas mais adequadas.


The authors present the genogram as a clinical work tool for the health professional. Based on systemic theory, the genogram provides a psychosocial analysis of the patient's context, family and disease. As a relational map, it delivers a view of the family context and works as the patient's psychosocial "x-ray". This tool is suggested for purposes of clinical practice and there are examples of clinical cases in which it has already been applied. The authors conclude that this tool makes it easier to identify stressor factors in the family context and shows the kind of relationship that has been established between them and the health and disease process. This tool also provides evidence of transgenerational disease patterns as well as psychosocial support networks present in that context, in addition to facilitating the application of more adequate therapeutic strategies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical , Family Health , Family Therapy , Professional Practice , Psychology, Medical
14.
Estud. psicol. (Campinas) ; 25(2): 277-291, abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-486487

ABSTRACT

Este artigo discute os desafios envolvidos na assistência em Terapia Familiar Psicanalítica de uma mulher de 41 anos, vítima de incesto dos sete aos 12 anos, seguido de duas situações de estupro, que implicaram em um aborto e no nascimento de uma menina, com sete anos na ocasião do estudo. Apresentou-se infantilizada, dependente, sem autonomia, com diagnóstico de borderline. Em nenhum momento, encontrou na mãe alguma forma de apoio. Pais, em conluio perverso e abusivo, causam danos lesivos à constituição psíquica de seus filhos, cujas vidas ficam destroçadas, e levam a pensar que eles próprios tenham tido seus psiquismos danificados, marcados por vivências impensáveis, revertidas em segredos. Transformar e reparar são os objetivos de toda Terapia Familiar Psicanalítica e, nestes casos, os desafios são imensos, pois, entre as várias conseqüências clínicas de tal situação, há um ódio exacerbado à realidade, intensas vivências persecutórias e a reedição transferencial da dinâmica familiar no enquadre terapêutico.


This paper examines the challenges involved with the Psychoanalytical Family Therapy (PFT) care of a 41 year-old woman, a victim of incest between the age of 7 and 12, followed by two incidences of rape that resulted in one abortion and the birth of a girl, who is currently 7 years of age. The patient presented childlike behavior, no measure of independence and a borderline diagnosis. She could never rely upon her mother for any kind of support. Parents, in perverse and abusive collusion, cause considerable damage to their children's minds, their lives becoming devastated, leading us to believe it is they who have had their psyches damaged, tainted by unthinkable experiences transposed into secrets. To transform and repair is the aim of every Psychoanalytical Family Therapy and, in these cases, there are enormous challenges for the psychotherapist as the family has an acute aversion to reality, it displays intense feelings of persecution and the family psychodynamic spills over into the therapy sessions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Family Relations , Incest , Rape
15.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 30(1): 73-79, 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-492755

ABSTRACT

Estudo de natureza qualitativa cujos objetivos são caracterizar as transformações físicas e psicoemocionais que a insuficiência renal crônica pode acarretar no modo de vida dos pacientes; descrever percepções, reações do paciente em tratamento hemodialítico e as formas de enfrentamento na sua condição de vida. Os dados foram levantados em uma clínica de hemodiálise na cidade de Fortaleza, Estado do Ceará, em junho e julho de 2006, por meio da entrevista semi-estruturada e observação livre com oito pacientes. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo categorial, para codificar, agrupar e elaborar as categorias emergentes que expressam o fenômeno em estudo. Os sujeitos mostraram sofrimento mediante a doença e o doloroso processo de aceitação das limitações que o tratamento impõe. Tais evidências mostram a importância da problemática e da mudança de condutas no processo de cuidar desse paciente, ajudando-o de maneira coerente, responsável e humanizada para contribuir na melhoria da qualidade de vida.


This was a qualitative study with the objective of characterizing the physical and psychoemotional changes that severe renal insufficiency can cause in the lifestyle of patients; describing perceptions and reactions of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and their forms of coping with their life condition. The data were gathered in a hemodialysis clinic in Fortaleza, Ceará, in 2006, through semi-structured interviews with eight patients. The analysis is based upon the following steps: reading, coding, grouping and construction of emerging categories that expressed the phenomenon studied. The subjects demonstrated suffering from the disease and the painful process of acceptance of the limitations the treatment imposed. Such evidence shows the importance of the problem and change in behaviors in the process of caring for these patients, aiding them in a coherent, responsible and humanized form, strengthening their quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Chronic Disease , Family Relations , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Quality of Life
16.
Estud. psicol. (Campinas) ; 21(3): 253-260, set.-dez. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-508768

ABSTRACT

Psicólogos têm sido solicitados a oferecer orientação a pais sobre a influência de suas atitudes no desempenho acadêmico dos filhos. Tanto a escola quanto a família são instituições importantes à socialização e à educação infantil e há efeitos positivos relacionados ao envolvimento parental na vida acadêmica das crianças. Orientações deveriam ser fornecidas no sentido de prevenir problemas comportamentais, facilitando a interação dos pais na realização dos trabalhos escolares dos filhos, utilizando o encorajamento verbal e o reforço direto, o que supõe suporte e monitoramento das atividades diárias e do progresso escolar. O envolvimento dos pais na vida acadêmica dos filhos deve ser incentivado devido aos benefícios que pode trazer para o sucesso acadêmico. O objetivo do presente artigo foi o de apresentar orientações para que pais promovam o desenvolvimento de comportamentos facilitadores da aprendizagem e possam participar mais ativamente da vida acadêmica dos filhos.


Psychologists have been requested to offer parents guidance, regarding the influence of their attitudes on their children academic performance. Both school and family are considered important institutions for the children socialization and education, and there are positive effects on the parents' involvement in academic life of their children. The parents guidance should avoid behavioral problems, providing parents participation on their children academic activities through motivation and feedback, that implies children assistance and monitoring of their daily activities and academic process. The parents involvement with their children academic life must be motivated as it can provide benefits to academic success/led to the academic success. Guidelines focused on the development of learning facilitating behaviors were the purpose of this present study in order to promote an achieve parents participation on their children academic life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Academic Performance , Child , Family Relations , Parents
17.
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine ; : 335-343, 2003.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-18938

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine the mental health status of the laid off by comparing the unemployed with the employed. METHODS: A survey questionnaire was used to investigate the mental health status of the laidoff in comparison with that of the employed. The study sample consisted of 247 laid-off people formerly employed in A auto factory and 167 employees working in B auto factory. RESULTS: The proportion exercising regularly was 20.2% for the laid-off and 34.8% for the employed and the proportion having regular meals was 10.9% and 50.6%, respectively. In addition, the frequency and amount of alcohol consumption and smoking of the laid-off were higher than those of the employed. Among the laid-off, 69.4% responded that they spent less time in talking to their spouse, and 65.4% also reported reduced sexual activities with their spouse. Because of unemployment, 41.8% of the laid-off experienced conflicts with their children, and 53.5% also perceived that they were stigmatized and treated badly by their neighbors, friends and relatives. Mean IFR in the laid-off was 22.9, which was much higher than the 15.3 recorded in the employed. The mean PWI-SF was 24.2 for the laid-off and 13.0 for the employed, which indicates the lower psychological health status of the laid-off than that of the employed. Age, annual salary, family relationship, regular exercise, regular diets, possibility to return to work and perception of the future were related to mental health status for the laid-off. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the most important factor influencing mental health status for the laid-off was family relationships. CONCLUSIONS: According to the above results, the mental health of the laid-off is worse than that of the employed. Based on this study, a follow-up study focusing on the mental health status of the reemployed to the same factory, is needed to understand the direct mental health effect on the laid-off.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Alcohol Drinking , Diet , Family Relations , Friends , Meals , Mental Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Return to Work , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Sexual Behavior , Smoke , Smoking , Spouses , Unemployment
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL