Warren Miller y el Modelo TDI-B de toma de decisiones reproductivas: Una revisión teórica / Warren Miller and the T-D-I-B reproductive decision-making model: A theoretical review / Warren Miller e o Modelo T-D-I-B de tomada de decisões reprodutivas: Uma revisão teórica

El presente estudio teórico objetiva sistematizar los aspectos más importantes del modelo Trait-Desires-Intentions-Behaviors (T-D-I-B) de Warren Miller que explica las decisiones reproductivas. Organizamos la información en base a cuatro ejes temáticos: 1) Elementos biográficos de Warren Miller y sus primeras producciones científicas sobre el comportamiento reproductivo; 2) Descripción del modelo T-D-I-B; 3) Definición del modelo diádico donde las estructuras motivacionales de dos socios interactúan a medida que se desarrolla la secuencia de cuatro pasos de cada individuo y; 4) Exposición de la evidencia empírica del modelo T-D-I-B y estudios actuales realizados en Irán, Polonia, Brasil y Perú.

The present theoretical study aims to systematize the most important aspects of Warren Miller's Trait-Desires-Intentions-Behaviors (T-D-I-B) model that explains reproductive decisions. We organize the information based on four thematic axes: 1) Biographical elements of Warren Miller and his first scientific productions on reproductive behavior; 2) Description of the T-D-I-B model; 3) Definition of the dyadic model where the motivational structures of two partners interact as each individual's four-step sequence develops and 4) Exposure of the empirical evidence of the T-D-I-B model and current studies carried out in Iran, Poland, Brazil and Peru.

O presente estudo teórico visa sistematizar os aspectos mais importantes do modelo Traço-Desejo-Intenções-Comportamentos (T-D-I-B) de Warren Miller, que explica as decisões reprodutivas. Organizamos as informações com base em quatro eixos temáticos: 1) Elementos biográficos de Warren Miller e suas primeiras produções científicas sobre comportamento reprodutivo; 2) Descrição do modelo T-D-I-B; 3) Definição do modelo diádico em que as estruturas motivacionais de dois parceiros interagem conforme a sequência de quatro etapas de cada indivíduo se desenvolve; 4) Exposição da evidência empírica do modelo T-D-I-B e estudos atuais realizados no Irã, Polônia, Brasil e Peru.

Bienestar espiritual de adultos jóvenes del municipio Libertador San Martin, Entre Ríos, Argentina / Spiritual welfare of young adults of the municipality Libertador San Martin, Entre Ríos, Argentina / Bem - estar espiritual dos adultos jovens no município Libertador San Martin, Entre Ríos, Argentina

O b j e t i v o: d e s c r i b i r e l b i e ne s t a r e s p i r i t u a l d e l o s a d u l t o s j ó v e ne s d e l m u n i c i p i o d e L i b e r t a d o r S a n M a r t í n , P r o vi n c i a d e E nt re Rí o s ( A r g e nt i n a ) . M ét o d o : s e u t i l i z ó l a e s c a l a d e b i e ne s t a r e s p i r i t u a l J A R E L , co m p u e s t a p o r 2 1 p reg u nta s e i nt eg r a d a p o r t res f a c t o res : F e y c re e n c i a s re l igi o s a s , V id a y a u t o r res p o n s a b i l id a d , y S a t i s f a cc i ón co n l a v i d a . S e e n c u e s t a r o n a 250 personas entre 20 y 40 años. Resultados: la mayoría de la población encuestada pertenecía al sexo femenino (62 %), era menor de 30 años (65 %) y soltera (57 %) con estudios universitarios en curso (50 %). Se encontró que la creencia en un ser superior hacía p a r t e d e l a e s p i r i t u a l i d a d e n un 8 7 , 6 % d e l o s e n c u e s t a d o s ; a s u v ez , e l 9 6 , 4 % refirió tener algún grado d e s a t i s f a cc i ón co n s u v i d a y e l 9 5 , 2 % , e l a c e p t a r f á c i lm e n t e l a s s i t u a c i o ne s pr o bl e má t i c a s . C o n c l u s ió n : las características principales del bienestar espiritual de los adultos jóvenes son la creencia en un p o d e r s u p e r i o r y l a c a p a c i d a d d e r e c i b i r y d a r a m o r , s i e n d o l a s e s f e r a s d e l o s f a c t o r e s co n m e j o r e v a l u a c i ón . E l f a c t o r m e j o r p e r c i b i d o f u e S a t i s f a cc i ó n co n l a v i d a , y s e i d e n t i f i c a r o n m a y o r e s n i v e l e s d e b i e ne s t a r e s p i r i t u a l e n l o s p a r t i c i p a n t e s d e má s d e 3 0 a ñ o s , e x t r a n j e r o s , co n h i j o s , q u i e ne s co n v i v í a n co n a m ig o s y f a m i l i a r e s , y o s t e n t a b a n e s t u d i o s un i v e r s i t a r i o s . E s e v i d e n t e q u e l a e s p i r i t u a l i d a d e s una característica esencial del cuidado de enfermería y se sugiere realizar estudios que indaguen y establezcan la existencia o no del nivel de bienestar espiritual con las conductas de autocuidado y los p a t r o ne s d e a f r o n t a m i e n t o d e l o s pr o bl e m a s e n l a p o bl a c i ón a d u l t a .

to desc ri be the spiritual well - being of young adults in the muni ci pality of Li bertador San M a r t í n , P r o v i n c e o f E nt r e R í o s ( A r g e n t i n a ) . M e t h o d : t h e J A R E L S p i r i t u a l W e l l b e i n g S c a l e w a s u s e d , w h i c h i s c o m p o s e d o f t w e n t y - o n e i t e m s a n d t h r e e f a c t o r s : F a i t h a n d r e l i g i o u s b e l i e f s , L i f e a n d s e l f - r e s p o n s i b i l i t y a n d S a t i s f a c t i o n w i t h l i f e . 2 5 0 p e o p l e b e t w e e n t w e n t y a n d f o r t y - y e a r s o l d w e r e s u r v e y e d . R e s u l t s : t h e p o p u l a t i o n s u r v e y e d w e r e m o s t l y w o m e n ( 6 2 % ) , u n d e r 3 0 ( 6 5 % ) , s i n g l e ( 5 7 % ) a n d w i t h u n i v e r s i t y s t u d i e s i n p r o g r e s s ( 5 0 % ) . I t w a s f o u n d t h a t t h e b e l i e f i n a s u p e r i o r b e i n g w a s p a r t o f t h e s p i r i t u a l i t y o f 8 7 . 6 % o f p e o p l e s u r v e y e d ; i n t u r n , 9 6 . 4 % r e p o r t e d h a v i n g s o m e d e g r e e o f s a t i s f a c t i o n w i t h t h e i r l i v e s a n d 9 5 . 2 % r e p o r t e d e a s i l y a c c e p t i n g p r o b l e m a t i c s i t u a t i o n s i n t h e i r l i v e s . C o n c l u s i o n : T h e m a i n c ha r a c t e r i s t i c s o f the spiritual well - being of young adults are belief in a higher power and the capacity to receive and g i v e l o v e , b e i n g t h e s p h e r e s o f t h e f a c t o r s w i t h t h e b e s t e v a l u a t i o n . T h e b e s t p e r c e i v e d f a c t o r w a s S a t i s f a c t i o n w i t h l i f e , a n d h ig h e r l e v e l s o f s p i r i t u a l w e l l - b e i n g w e r e i d e n t i f i e d i n t h o s e o v e r 3 0 y e a r s o l d , f o r e i g n e r s , w i t h c h i l d r e n , w h o l i v e w i t h f r i e n d s a n d f a m i l y , a n d i n t h o s e w h o h o l d u n i v e r s i t y s t u d i e s . I t is evident that spirituality is an essential c harac teris tic of nurs ing care and it is suggested to conduc t studies in the adult popul ati on that investigate and establish the level of spiritual well - being with self - c a r e b e h a v i o r s , a n d p a t t e r n s o f c o p i n g w i t h p r o b l e m s

O b j e t i v o: d e s c r e v e r o b e m - e s t a r e s p i r i t u a l d e j o v e n s a d u l t o s n o m un i c í p i o d e L i b e r t a d o r S a n M a r t í n , n a P r o ví n c i a d e E nt re Rí o s , n a A r g e nt i n a . M ét o d o : t r a ta - s e d e u m es t u d o d e a n ál i s e q u a nt i ta t i v a t r a n s v e r s a l . F o i u t i l i z a d a a E s c a l a d e " b e m - e s t a r e s p i r i t u a l J A R E L " , co m p o s t a d e 2 1 p e r g un t a s a b r a n g e n d o t r ê s f a t o r e s : a f é e c r e n ç a s r e l igi o s a s , v i d a e a u t o r e s p o n s a b i l i d a d e , e s a t i s f a ç ã o co m a v i d a . A e s c a l a foi aplicada em 250 pessoas com idades entre 20 e 40 anos. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes e r a m d o g ê ne r o f e m i n i n o ( 6 2 % ) , m e n o r e s d e 3 0 a n o s ( 6 5 % ) , s o l t e i r o s ( 5 7 % ) e co m e s t u d o s un i v e r s i t á r i o s e m a n d a m e n t o ( 5 0 % ) . V e r i f i co u - s e q u e a c r e n ç a e m u m s e r s u p e r i o r f a z i a p a r t e d a e s p i r i t u a l i d a d e e m 8 7 , 6 % d o s p a r t i c i p a n t e s ; p o r s u a v ez , 9 6 , 4 % d e l e s r e l a t a r a m t e r a l g u m g r a u d e s a t i s f a ç ã o co m a v i d a e 9 5 , 2 % , a c e i t a m f a c i lm e n t e a s s i t u a ç õ e s d i f í c e i s . C o n c l u s ã o: a s pr i n c i p a i s c a r a c t e r í s t i c a s d o b e m - e s t a r espiritual dos participantes são a crença em um poder superior e na capacidade de receber e dar a m o r , s e n d o e s t e s o s a s p e c t o s co m m e l h o r a v a l i a ç ã o . O m e l h o r f a t o r p e r c e b i d o f o i a s a t i s f a ç ã o co m v i d a . O s n í v e i s m a i s a l t o s d e b e m - e s t a r e s p i r i t u a l f o r a m i d e n t i f i c a d o s n o s p a r t i c i p a n t e s co m m a i s d e 3 0 a n o s d e i d a d e , e s t r a n g e i r o s , co m f i l h o s , p a r t i c i p a n t e s q u e m o r a v a m co m a m ig o s e f a m i l i a r e s e co m e s t u d o s un i v e r s i t á r i o s . D e s v e l a - s e n o e s t u d o q u e a e s p i r i t u a l i d a d e é u m a c a r a c t e r í s t i c a e ss e n c i a l d o c u i d a d o d e e n f e r m a g e m . S u g e r e - s e a r e a l i z a ç ã o d e o u t r o s e s t u d o s q u e a b r a n j a m a e x i s t ê n c i a o u n ã o d o n í v e l d e b e m - e s t a r e s p i r i t u a l , s u a r e l a ç ã o co m o s co m p o r t a m e n t o s d e a u t oc u i d a d o e o s p a d r õ e s d e e n f r e n t a m e n t o d e pr o bl e m a s n a p o p u l a ç ã o a d u l t a

Intravitreal injection of the synthetic peptide LyeTx I b, derived from a spider toxin, into the rabbit eye is safe and prevents neovascularization in a chorioallantoic membrane model

The great diversity of molecules found in spider venoms include amino acids, polyamines, proteins and peptides, among others. Some of these compounds can interact with different neuronal receptors and ion channels including those present in the ocular system. To study potential toxicity and safety of intravitreal injection in rabbits of LyeTx I b, a synthetic peptide derived from the toxin LyeTx I found in venom from the spider Lycosa eritrognatha and to evaluate the angiogenic activity on a CAM model. Methods: ARPE-19 cells were treated with LyeTx I b (0.36; 0.54; 0.72; 2.89; 4.34 or 9.06 µM). In this study, New Zealand rabbits were used. LyeTx I b (2.89 µM) labeled with FITC dissolved in PBS, or only PBS, were injected into vitreous humor. Electroretinogram (ERG) was recorded 1 day before injection and at 7,14 and 28 days post-injection. Clinical examination of the retina was conducted through tonometer and eye fundus after ERG. Eyes were enucleated and retinas were prepared for histology in order to assess retinal structure. CAMs were exposed to LyeTx I b (0.54; 0.72; 2.17 or 2.89 µM). Results: ARPE-19 cells exposed to LyeTx I b showed cell viability at the same levels of the control. The fluorescence of LyeTx I b labeled with FITC indicated its retinal localization. Our findings indicate ERG responses from rats injected in the eye with LyeTx I b were very similar to the corresponding responses of those animals injected only with vehicle. Clinical examination found no alterations of intraocular pressure or retinal integrity. No histological damage in retinal layers was observed. CAM presented reduced neovascularization when exposed to LyeTx I b. Conclusions: Intravitreal injection of LyeTx I b is safe for use in the rabbit eye and prevents neovascularization in the CAM model, at Bevacizumab levels. These findings support intravitreal LyeTx l b as a good candidate to develop future alternative treatment for the retina in neovascularization diseases.(AU)

Optimization for ISSR-PCR reaction system of Illicium difengpi by orthogonal design / 中草药

Objective: To establish a stable, reproducible, and suitable reaction system for ISSR analysis of genetic differences in Illicium difengpi. Methods: The ISSR-PCR amplification system on I. difengpi in five factors (Mg2+, dNTPs, primers, Taq DNA polymerase, and DNA template) was optimized by orthogonal design, and the PCR result was analyzed by SPSS. Then based on the optimal ISSR-PCR amplification system, the annealing temperature and cycle times in PCR were proposed by gradient determenation. Results: Most of the factors in different levels had the significant effects on the result of PCR, and the most remarkable factor was the quantity of Taq DNA polymerase. The optimized ISSR-PCR reaction system (20 μL) for I. difengpi was constructed of Mg2+ (1.60 mmol/L), dNTP (0.22 mmol/L), primer (0.90 μmol/L), Taq polymerase (0.50 U), and DNA template (70.00 ng). The optimized annealing temperature and cycle times were 51.8 °C and 40 cycles, respectively. Thirteen ISSR primers with stable amplification and abundant polymorphism were selected from 62 ISSR primers. Conclusion: The established and optimized ISSR reaction system is stable and credible according to the testing results of 16 samples of I. difengpi, and provides the basis for the genetic analysis of I. difengpi.

Chromosome-and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolones-resistance in Escherichia coli strains isolated from food animals and healthy people around farm / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study on chromosome-and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolones-resistant in Escherichia coli isolated from fecal samples of chicken,swine and people around the farm.Methods Anti-microbial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion testing and bmth microdilution testing.gyrA,gyrB,parC,pareE,qnr and aac(6')-I b-cr were examined by PCR,and the products were sequenced.Ex-presion of aac(6')-I b-cr by conjunction was tested too.Results The resistance to antimicmbial agents was much higher in strains isolated from chicken than that from swine and human.Among the E coli strains examined by PCR,most resistant strains carried two mutations in gyrA and/or two mutations in parC.In ad-dition,some resistant strains had mutations in parE with MIC of ciprofloxacin>16μg/ml.No(resistance) mutation was found in gyrB.Seven strains(25.O%)and one strain(11.1%)had aac(6)-I b-cr,variant isolated from chicken and swine,respectively.The strains harboring cr variant enzyme reduced the suscepti-bility to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin by N-acetylation of the drugs. Conclusion There is a close relation-ship between high level quinolone resistance and the numbers of amino acid exchange in DNA gyrase and to-poisomeraae IV,and aac(6)-I b-cr may play some role for fluoroquinolone resistance.

Influence of Herbs of Reinforcing Spleen to Replenishing Qi on I ?B/NF- ?B Signaling in Rats with Bronchial Asthma of Spleen Deficency / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To investigate airway inflammation,number of eosinophils in blood and BALF,the expression of inhibitor protein ?(I ?B ?) and nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) activity in lung of rat with spleen deficiency asthma,and the effect of herbs of reinforcing spleen to replenishing Qi.Method Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group(group A),spleen deficiency asthma group(group B),decoction group(group C).The pathological changes of lung was detected by HE staining,and the expression of I ?B ? and activity of nuclear factor ?B p65(NF-?B p65) was assessed in lung by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group A,the expression of I ?B ? significantly reduced(P

L-3-n-butylphthalide inhibits expression of nuclear factor-?B and I?B-? in primary cultured murine brain glial cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation / 基础医学与临床

Objective To observe the effect of l-3-n-butylphthalide(l-NBP)on the of nuclear factor-?B and I?B-? in primary cultured murine brain glial cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation(OGD/R).Methods Cultured mouse brain glial cells in vitro and established OGD/R model.Glial cells were divided into five groups: normal control(NC)group,OGD 24 h/R 24 h group,l-NBP 20 ?mol/L group,l-NBP 100 ?mol/L group,l-NBP 500 ?mol/L group.The protein expression of NF-?B in nuclear and I?B-? in endochylema were analyzed by Western blot.Results Comparing with NC group,OGD 24 h/R 24 h group showed a significantly higher expression of NF-?B(P

Cysteine-179 of I kappa B kinase beta plays a critical role in enzyme activation by promoting phosphorylation of activation loop serines

I kappa B kinase beta (IKK beta) subunit of IKK complex is essential for the activation of NF-kappa B in response to various proinflammatory signals. Cys-179 in the activation loop of IKK beta is known to be the target site for IKK inhibitors such as cyclopentenone prostaglandins, arsenite, and antirheumatic gold compounds. Here we show that a mutant IKK beta in which Cys-179 is substituted with alanine had decreased activity when it was expressed in HEK-293 cells, and TNF stimulation did not restore the activity. Phosphorylation of activation loop serines (Ser-177 and Ser-181) which is required for IKK beta activation was reduced in the IKK beta (C179A) mutant. The activity of IKK beta (C179A) was partially recovered when its phosphorylation was enforced by coexpression with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKK) such as NF-kappa B inducing kinase (NIK) and MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase kinase 1(MEKK1) or when the serine residues were replaced with phospho-mimetic glutamate. The IKK beta (C179A) mutant was normal in dimer formation, while its activity abnormally responded to the change in the concentration of substrate ATP in reaction mixture. Our results suggest that Cys-179 of IKK beta plays a critical role in enzyme activation by promoting phosphorylation of activation-loop serines and interaction with ATP.

Immunohistochemical study of NF-?B signal transductionpathway in laryngeal carcinoma / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To explore the expression and significance of IKK, I?B and NF-?B P65 of NF-? B signal transduction pathway in laryngeal carcinoma patients.Methods:The expression of IKK?, I?B?,NF-?B P65 was examined by immunohistochemical S-P method in laryngeal carcinoma tissues of 40 cases and normal laryngeal tissues of 20 cases.Results:The expression of IKK? and NF-?B P65 in laryngeal carcinoma tissue was higher compared with normal laryngeal tissue,while the expression of I?B? was lower( P

Inhibitory effects of sinomenine on the activation of nuclear factor-?B and on the degradation of I?B / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the effect of Sinomenine on the activation of NF-?B and the degradation of its inhibitor I-?B in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice in vitro and provide experimental evidence for further evaluation of the antiinflammatory and antirheumatic effects of Sinomenine. Methods Effect of Sinomenine on the activation of NF-?B p65 in the cells was investigated by using fluorescence-labelling and laser confocal scanning microscopy; Effect of Sinomenine on the degradation of I?B-? was investigated by Western blot. Results SIN (0.25,1.25 mmol?L -1) attenuated the activation of NF-?B p65 in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice induced by LPS in vitro. SIN(0.25,1.25 mmol?L -1) inhibited the degradation of I-?B-? in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice induced by LPS in vitro. Conclusion SIN can partially inhibit the activation of NF-?B p65 and the degradation of I?B-? in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice induced by LPS in vitro.

Effect of different compatibilities of effective fraction of Xie-Xin decoction on NF-?B and I?B expression of lung injury rats induced by LPS / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of effective fraction of Xie-Xin decoction and their compatibilities(EFX)on NF-?B and I?B expression of lung injury rats induced by LPS.Methods Rats were pretreated for 4 days with total flavones(TFL),total free anthraquinones(TFA),total conjugated anthraquinones(TCA),the high(low)dose of compatibility of TFL and TCA(A high,A low),the compatibility of TFL and TCA(B)and dexamethasone respectively 4 days,then injected intravenously with LPS to induce lung injury.6 rats were sacrificed respectively in every group at 1,2,4 h after LPS administration,and the right middle of the lung was harvested at every time point,the expression of NF-?B and I?B was evaluated by Western blot.Results TFA、A high and Dex can inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-?B at 1,2,4 h(P

THE EFFECT OF UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME PATHWAY ON NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B ACTIVITY IN LIVER OF BURN RATS WITH SEPSIS / 解放军医学杂志

Objevtive To study the effect of ubiquitin proteasome pathway inhibition on NF ?B activity and I?B?expression as well as TNF ? secretion in the liver in burned rats with sepsis. Methods Rats were subjected to 30% full thickness scald injury, followed by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was used for this experiment to mimic early sepsis after burn. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, burn sepsis group, burn sepsis with proteasome inhibitor N Acetyl leucinyl leucinyl norleucinal (ALLN) treatment group, and burn sepsis with NF ?B inhibitor Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate (PDTC) treatment group with 6 rats in each group. The following parameters were measured with the method indicated in parentheses: NF ?B activity (electrophoretic mobility shift assay, EMSA), I?B ? expression (Western blotting), and TNF ? (Enzyme linked immunoadsordent assay, ELISA). Results These showed that NF ?B activity was markedly activated and reached its peak 1h after challenge ( P

THE CHANGES IN NF-?B SIGNAL PATHWAYS IN PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES (PAM) STIMULATED BY LPS / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate changes in NF ?B signal pathway in PAM stimulated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in vitro , and to explore the molecular pathological mechanism of acute lung injury(ALI). Methods After PAM were stimulated by LPS, the changes in expression of IKK mRNA, activation of NF ?B, degradation of I?B, and secretion of TNF ? in PAM were measured at 0, 15min, 30min, 1h, 2h, and 4h by in situ hybridization, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and enzyme linked immune absorbing analysis (ELISA), respectively. Results The expression of IKK ? mRNA was increased 15min after LPS stimulation and reached the peak at 30 min, then returned to the base line after 1 hour. The changes in I?B ? mRNA were opposite. The activity of NF ?B was increased 15min after LPS stimulation, peaking at 1 hours, and returned to the pre stimulation level after 2 hours. The content of TNF ? was increased initially at 30min, reached the peak at 1 hour, and gradually returned to the pre stimulation level in 2～4 hour. Conclusion The transduction pathway of activation of IKK ? degradation of I?B/activation of NF ?B/synthesization of TNF ? might play a critical role in the molecular pathological mechanism of LPS induced ALI.

Effect of Berberine on Toll-like Receptor 2 Signaling Pathway and Inflammatory Cytokines / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of berberine(Ber) on Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) signaling pathway and inflammatory cytokines. METHODS: RT-PCR was applied to detect effect of 100 mol?L-1 Ber on the expression of TLR2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by bacteria lipoprotein (BLP).Western-blot method was used to measure the level of phosphorylation of inhibitory protein of anti-nuclear factor B (I?B) and ELISA detection for the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS: Ber promoted the expression of TLR2, the activation of I?B, IFN and secretion of TNF after 6 h and 12 h of test; Ber inhibited them after 24 h and 48 h of test. Ber induced the secretion of I?B and IL-13. CONCLUSION: Ber can dual regulate the activation of TLR2 signaling pathway and indeuce the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play a role in fighting against bacteria and inflammatory.

Experimental Study on the Preventive Mechanism of Anisodamine on Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the preventive mechanism of Anisodamine (654-2) on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) of rabbits. Methods Rabbit model of MODS induced by hemorrhagic shock and endotoxin was used in this study. Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (C group) , hemorrhagic shock plus endotoxin group (M group) and 654-2 treatment group (T group). The expression of IKK-? of pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PAM) and kuffer cell(KC), the NF-?B activity of nuclear protein extracted from PAM and KC and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in the culture supernatant were measured by in situ hybridization (ISH), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and enzyme linked immune absorbent analysis(ELISA), respectively. Then the blood air, biochemical and pathological changes in visceral organs were examined in each groups. Results In PAM and KC of M group, The expression of IKK-? mRNA [(0 15?0 03);(0 17?0 04)], the activity of NF-?B [(1 49?0 30);(1 72?0 36)] and the secretion level of TNF-? [( 279 74?25 91);(300 05?30 86)ng/L] were significantly higher than those of control group (P

Expression and Significance of I?B kinase-? mRNA in the Lung Tissues of Rabbits Following Hemorrhagic Shock / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of I?B kinase-?(I?K-?) in the lung tissues of rabbits with hemorrhagic shock.Methods The expressions of I?K-? and NF-?B in the lung tissues and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in the plasma were measured by in situ hybridization(ISH),immunohitochemistry and enzyme linked immune adsorbent analysis(ELISA), respectively. And the pathological changes were examined with light microscope in lung tissues.Results In hemorrhagic shock group,the expressions of I?K-?(0 1685?0 0164)and NF-?B( 0 1469?0 0083)in lung tissues , the level of TNF-?(636 72?100 23) in the plasma were obviously higher than those of normal group [I?K-?(0 0427?0 0241),NF-?B(0 0358?0 0048),TNF-?(199 51?35 69)ng/L](all P

Function of I?B kinase links inflammation and cancer / 中国病理生理杂志

It has long been acknowledged that there is a link between inflammation and cancer, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. A key player in inflammation is nuclear transcription factor NF-?B, that activity is triggered in response to infectious agents and proinflammatory cytokines via the I?B kinase. In parenchyma cells, inflammation through I?B kinase/NF-?B pathway suppresses apoptosis, accelerates cell cycle, then promote tumorigenesis. In mesenchyma cells inflammation through I?B kinase/NF-?B pathway produces cytokines and chemokines that may serve as tumor growth factors. To sum up, I?B kinase/NF -?B pathway represents a critical molecular link between inflammation and cancer.

Construction and identification of recombinant adenovirus vector carrying a N-terminal phosphorylation sites-deleted human I?B? mutant gene / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To optimize the I?B? mutant(I?B?M)gene derived from human placenta tissue by deleting N-terminal phosphorylation sites of serine 32/36,and to construct and identify its replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus(AdI?B?M).METHODS:The I?B?M gene(203-1 003 bp)was acquired by positional cloning,followed by subcloning it into pShuttle and pGEM-T vectors for further PCR,double digestion,DNA sequencing and homology analysis.Subsequently,the expression unit of pShuttle-I?B?M containing CMV promoter,I?B?M cDNA and poly A signals was inserted into Ad5 vector,after which the resultant recombinant adenovirus AdI?B?M was packaged in 293 cells by cotransfection with lipofectamine.Western blotting analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were utilized to detect the AdI?B?M-mediated expression of I?B?M gene in 293 cells and its suppressive effect on phorbol myristate acetate(PMA)-induced nuclear factor ?B(NF-?B)activation in ECV304 cells,respectively.RESULTS:The relevant nucleotide and amino acid sequence of I?B?M gene was consistent with that of GenBank(accession number M69043).The titer of the prepared AdI?B?M was 4.0?10 12 pfu/L.Moreover,the I?B?M gene was expressed in 293 cells,and potently inhibited the PMA-induced NF-?B activation in ECV304 cells in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION:AdI?B?M is a nonvel vector for both efficient transfer and expression of I?B?M gene as well as specific inhibition of NF-?B activity,providing a promising future for gene therapy of asthma.

More than 10 year Follow-up Study of Insall-Burstein Posterior Stabilized Knee / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Insall-Burstein Posterior stabilized knee prosthesis is a variant of total condylar prosthesis. It is designed to get more wide range of flexion and stability with the transverse cam. We analyze with modified HSS knee rating score clinically and scoring system of AKS(American Knee Society) radiologically. We report the operative results in 34 cases of 25 patients whom we operated with Insall-Burstein PSP from August, 1982 to May, 1985 and the long term follow-up result of 24 cases of 16 patients, excluding three death and 7 cases of 6 patients who were lost to follow up. Follow-up period is average 11 years and 5 months. The average preoperative flexion contracture improved markedly. The average preoperative flexion arc was 95° and preoperative flexion contracture was 14°. The postoperative ROM and flexion contracture improved markedly. The average preoperative modified HSS knee rating scoring was 52 points and improved to 91 points at last follow-up. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had progression of other joints involvement which limited the activity of daily living. At the last follow up, loosening signs were not observed radiologically but three cases of radiolucent zone were observed in the zone I, II, III, IV, VII of tibial components and zone III, VI of femoral components. There were two deep infections.

Reflux Gastritis after Gastrectomy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

We studied prospectively on the grade of severity of reflux gastritis after Billroth- I (15 patients and B-II (66 patients) using gastrofiberscopy mostly 3~4 montsh after operations from December 1988 to February.The grade of severity af gastritis was arbitarily defined as follows; Grade 0-almost no reflux of bile and no redness on gastric mucosa. Grade 1-mild redness of the mucosa limited within an inch from anastomotic line. Giade 2-Edema and mucosal redness involves almost one half of remaining gastric mucosa. Grade 3-the above cbanges involves most of remnant gastric mucosa. Gtade 4-in addition to grade 3, friability of mucosa and/or, erosions is noted. Grade 5- ulceraitions of mucosa in addition to the above changes. Using the above defined criteria, we obtained the following results; 1) there was no rieflux gastritis in one patient in B- I group and remainders have varing grades of reflux gastritis, ie; 93% (14/15) (see Table 2). 2) In B- II reconstructed patients, grade 0 was 2 patients and remainder had reflux gastrits, ie; 96% (64/66) (see table 4). 3) Grade 5 patients have ulcerations in the esophagus and grade 2 changes in the stomach.