ABSTRACT
La innovación es uno de los pilares más importantes para la competitividad sostenible, especialmente en la micro y pequeñas empresas que actúan en un contexto dinámico y complejo en el que vivimos. En este contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la influencia de las capacidades de innovación humana, organizacional y técnica en el nivel de innovación. Para ello, se desarrolló un modelo econométrico de regresión lineal múltiple. El procedimiento muestral fue probabilístico estratificado de 26 micro y pequeñas empresas exportadoras de artesanía textil del sur de Perú, a las que se les suministró un cuestionario de 52 ítems. Los resultados reflejan que la capacidad de innovación humana, organizacional y técnica influyen con un coeficiente de determinación del 96.7 %, positiva y significativamente en el nivel de innovación. En conclusión, la capacidad de innovación humana influye en mayor medida en la variabilidad del nivel de innovación, debido a la creatividad, la motivación y el conocimiento de las personas para innovar.
Innovation is one of the most important pillars for sustainable competitiveness, especially in micro and small companies that operate in a dynamic and complex context. In this context, the objective of the study was to determine the influence of human, organizational, and technical innovation capacities on the level of innovation. For this, an economic model of multiple linear regression was developed. The sampling procedure was a stratified probabilistic sample of 26 micro and small exporting textile crafts enterprises from the South area of Peru, which answered a questionnaire of 52 items. The results reflect that the capacity for human, organizational, and technical innovation influence with a coefficient of determination of 96.7%, positive and significant in the level of innovation. In conclusion, human innovation capacity has a greater influence on the variability of the level of innovation, due to the creativity, motivation, and knowledge of people.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Durante el último tiempo, las ciudades de Chile han sido afectadas por las restricciones de movilidad impuestas por las autoridades con el objetivo de frenar el avance de la COVID-19. Considerando esta problemática, el artículo se enfoca en la percepción de habitantes de Temuco, como una de las primeras ciudades del país en afrontar la cuarentena total, respecto a las transformaciones experimentadas a partir de las medidas políticas de limitación de movilidad. Mediante un diseño metodológico cualitativo se analizó la percepción de algunos habitantes en relación con los cambios generados en sus rutinas cotidianas producto de la emergencia de inmovilidades, lo cual se relaciona directamente con la comprensión de la movilidad como una práctica central de las ciudades contemporáneas. Entre los hallazgos destaca la inmovilidad como una categoría que implica diversas encrucijadas cotidianas en las personas, el papel de la movilidad como categoría central para el desarrollo de la vida social, las transformaciones en los hábitos diarios de las personas y, por último, la necesidad de reflexionar el derecho a la movilidad de las personas desde los territorios.
ABSTRACT Innovation is one of the most important pillars for sustainable competitiveness, especially in micro and small companies that operate in a dynamic and complex context. In this context, the objective of the study was to determine the influence of human, organizational, and technical innovation capacities on the level of innovation. For this, an economic model of multiple linear regression was developed. The sampling procedure was a stratified probabilistic sample of 26 micro and small exporting textile crafts enterprises from the South area of Peru, which answered a questionnaire of 52 items. The results reflect that the capacity for human, organizational, and technical innovation influence with a coefficient of determination of 96.7%, positive and significant in the level of innovation. In conclusion, human innovation capacity has a greater influence on the variability of the level of innovation, due to the creativity, motivation, and knowledge of people.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción. En la literatura hay resultados contradictorios sobre los efectos de la evaluación de la capacidad de absorción del rival (CAR) sobre el desempeño innovador (DI). Tampoco, se ha explorado la incidencia de aspectos estratégicos sobre esa relación. Objetivo. Analizar los efectos mediadores de la orientación estratégica a la competencia (OEC) y a la innovación (OEI) en la relación entre CAR y DI. Materiales y métodos. El modelo de hipótesis se contrastó en una muestra de empresas manufactureras, de media y baja tecnología, y de servicios. Para ello, se utilizaron ecuaciones estructurales por el método de mínimos cuadrados parciales consistente. Resultados. Se encontró que únicamente la OEC tiene un efecto mediador el cual es total. Conclusiones. La principal contribución del artículo gira en torno al aporte de evidencia empírica que demuestra que la evaluación de la CAR tiene un efecto positivo sobre el DI, si bien está mediado por la OEC. Esto es importante porque ayuda a dilucidar la controversia suscitada por los resultados contradictorios que arrojaron estudios previos. Por lo tanto, este hallazgo concuerda con la postura teórica que resalta los beneficios que se derivan del entendimiento de las fortalezas y debilidades de la CAR, y de las presiones que ejercen los rivales sobre su contraparte, que la obligan a ser más innovadora.
Abstract Introduction. In the literature there are contradictory results on the effects of the evaluation of rival's absorptive capacity (RAC) on innovation performance (IP). Moreover, the incidence of strategic aspects in this relationship has not been explored. Objective. Analyze the mediating effects of the strategic orientation towards competition (SOC) and the strategic orientation towards innovation (SOI) on the RAC-IP relationship. Materials and methods. The hypothesis model was contrasted in a sample of medium and low-technology manufacturing firms and a sample of service firms. To achieve this, structural equations were used by the consistent partial least squares method. Results. It was found that only the SOC has a mediating effect, which is a total effect. Conclusions. The main contribution of this paper is the empirical evidence it provides which demonstrates that the evaluation of RAC has a positive effect on IP, although this effect is mediated by SOC. This helps to discern the controversy triggered by contradictory results yielded in previous studies. Therefore, this finding is in agreement with the theoretical stance which highlights the benefits derived from understanding RAC's strengths and weaknesses, and from the pressures exerted by rivals on their counterpart, which force the latter to be more innovative.
Resumo Introdução. Na literatura há resultados contraditórios sobre os efeitos da avaliação da capacidade de absorção do rival (CAR) sobre o desempenho inovador (DI). Tampouco, se há explorado a incidência de aspectos estratégicos sobre essa relação. Objetivo. Analisar os efeitos mediadores da orientação estratégica à concorrência (OEC) e à inovação (OEI) a relação entre CAR e DI. Materiais e métodos. O modelo de hipótese se contrastou numa amostra de empresas manufatureiras, de meia e baixa tecnologia, e de serviços. Para isto, se utilizaram equações estruturais pelo método de mínimos quadrados. Resultados. Se encontrou que unicamente a OEC tem um efeito mediador o qual é total. Conclusões. A principal contribuição do artigo gira em torno ao aporte de evidência empírica que demostra que a avaliação da CAR tem um efeito positivo sobre o DI, se bem que está mediado pela OEC. Este é importante porque ajuda a dilucidar a controversa suscitada pelos resultados contraditórios que mostraram estudos prévios. Por tanto, esta descoberta concorda com a postura teórica que ressalta os benefícios que se derivam do entendimento das fortalezas e debilidades da CAR, e das pressões que exercem os rivais sobre sua contraparte, que a obrigam a ser mais inovadora.
ABSTRACT
Objective Investigation and analysis the innovation ability and its influencing factors about graduates in primary hospitals,discuss corresponding measurements to enhance their innovation capacities.Methods A total number of l17master students and leadership persons at related institutions in primary hospitalsfrom particular district of China were surveyed with self-made questionnaires.Transformational Leadership Questionnaire,Organizational Commitment Questionnaire,and Multi dimensional Innovative Behavior Scale were used to investigate both personal and environmental factors that maybe influential for further discussion of possible improvement strategies.Results Among the 117 master students,having a capacity for independent innovationand getting partial achievements is only 6.84％;that canactively participatingin but temporarily have notborne fruit is 11.96％,24.78％ of which are passively finishingthe task of writing papersunder the request of the hospital,high up to 56.41％ are do not have any achievements in technology innovation yet.In the meanwhile,63.16％ administrators,compared to 36.84％,have negative attitudes to the graduate students.In terms of influence factors,that closely related to creative production,creative execution are identity,virtue and the vision of transformational leadership behavior motivation,charismatic leadership,individualized consideration,and affective commitment,ideal commitment,economic commitment,opportunity commitment of organizational commitment,P＜0.05,the difference has statistically significant;but not correlative with normative commitment,P＞0.05,the difference have not statistically significant.Conclusions The innovation capacityof master students working in primary hospitals is seriously insufficient,and its influence factors are closely related to both personal and environmental factors.Targeted innovation knowledge training and appropriate incentive mechanism are effective measurements to improve their innovation capacity.The necessary condition of facilitiesis thepremise and guarantee for them to carry out the science and technology innovation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To provide domestic innovative pharmaceutical enterprises practical advice on patent strategy and innovation capacity-building. METHODS: Choose the first class innovative drug NBP as study subject, make an empirical study from three aspects, including patent creation, management and implementation, about how to take full advantage of the national innovation policies and patent strategy to improve the innovation capability of enterprises to ensure its sustainable development. RESULTS: The patent strategy of NBP turns out to be a very big success. CONCLUSION: CSPC has developed a virtuous cycle, in which patent strategy and innovation capacity-building facilitate each other, its successful experience is worth learning for high-tech enterprises.
ABSTRACT
The feature of the postgraduate cultivation in military universities under the new situation,including the deep-rooted contradictions that restrict the cultivation of innovative talents,has been analyzed.The consideration and measures of strengthening the cultivation of postgraduates creativity ability in military universities have been put forward,based on many years'practice on the cultivation and management of postgraduates,from the aspects of empha-sizing "five kinds of consciousness",establishing and improving "five mechanisms" and constructing harmony circumstances for the postgraduates cultivation.