Correlation of growth hormone receptor and its signal pathway defects with the phenotype: A study of 21 cases with growth hormone insensitivity syndrome / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To detect the relationship between the molecular defects and their phenotypes in children with growth hormone insensitivity syndrome (GHIS).Methods 21 patients defined as GHIS were enrolled in the study.4 candidate genes (GHR,IGFALS,JAK2,and STAT5B) were analyzed by genomic DNA sequence screening and clinical relevance analysis.Results The statistical descriptions of the patients were showed as an average height standard deviation (SDS)-4.33 ± 1.91 (-9.17 to-2.21),average serum peak values of GH (22.67 ±20.98) tg/L (11.33 to 104.21 μg/L),basal serum insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ SDS-2.65 ± 0.53 (-3.57 to -1.79),insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 SDS-1.77 ± 1.64 (-4.13 to 0.96).Bone age of backward difference (chronological age-bone age) (43.10 ± 19.54) months (6 to 82 months).One of two children with severe growth failure and mid-face hypoplasia was found to a homozygote for G to A gene mutation in the intron 6 splice donor consensus sequences (IVS6 ds+ 1 G-A) in the GHR gene,causing its functional defect.3 cases with mild dwarf were found gene variations as novel finding:c.1097T＞C c.1098C＞T p.V366A pathogenic variant,c.1229C＞T p.S410L and nt1843707 A→G of 5' UTR region in the IGFALS gene.JAK2 and STAT5b genes mutations were not found.Conclusion Molecular pathology of GHIS is considered as involving the defects of GHR and its signal pathway.The mutation of intron 6 splice donor sequences in GHR gene has been reported which affect the function of GHR.The 3 novel type base variants in IGFALS gene,causing non severe dwarfism,might be suspected with pathogenic roles of GHIS.

Advances in pathogenesis and treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms / 白血病·淋巴瘤

As originated from hematopoietic stem cell clonal diseases,bcr-abl-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include polycythemia vera (PV),essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF).With the discovery of JAK2 mutations,many new mutations have been identified.With the in-depth study of gene mutation,the pathogenesis of MPN has been gradually uncovered.Novel drugs have been developed accordingly.

Detección de la mutación V617F del genJAK2 mediante análisis de disociación de alta resolución / Detection of V617F mutation of JAK2 gene by high resolution melting / Detecção da mutação V617F do gene JAK2 através da análise de dissociação em alta resolução

La Policitemia Vera (PV), la Trombocitemia Esencial (TE) y la Mielofibrosis Primaria (MP) son neoplasias mieloproliferativas caracterizadas por una proliferación excesiva de una o más líneas mieloides. En el año 2005 se identificó una mutación somática en el gen Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), que resulta en el reemplazo en la proteína de una fenilalanina por una valina en la posición 617 (JAK2 V617F). Esta mutación se encuentra en el 95% de pacientes con PV, y en la mitad de los casos de TE o MP. Se han descripto metodologías que permiten identificar esta mutación: dentro de las más utilizadas se encuentran la ARMS PCR (del inglés Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR), la secuenciación y recientemente la HRM (High Resolution Melting). En este trabajo se estudió la detección de JAK2 V617F en muestras de pacientes con desórdenes mieloproliferativos mediante HRM, determinando especificidad y sensibilidad de la misma, comparándola con la ARMS PCR y la secuenciación. Los resultados demostraron que la técnica de HRM es superior a la secuenciación y equivalente a la ARMS PCR. Las metodologías sensibles y específicas para la detección de JAK2 V617F, en pacientes con neoplasias mieloproliferativas, son de gran importancia a nivel diagnóstico ya que permiten diferenciar entre desórdenes neoplásicos y condiciones reactivas.

Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (TE) and Primary Myelofibrosis (MP) are myeloproliferative neoplasias characterized by excessive proliferation of one or more myeloid lines. In 2005, a somatic mutation was identified in the Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK2), resulting in the replacement of a phenylalanine in the protein for a valine at position 617 (JAK2 V617F). This mutation was found in 95% of patients with PV, and in half of the cases of TE or MP. Different methodologies have been described to identify this mutation: the most used are ARMS PCR (Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR), sequencing and recently HRM (High Resolution Melting). In this work, detection of JAK2 V617F was studied in samples from patients with myeloproliferative disorders using HRM, determining its specificity and sensitivity in comparison with ARMS PCR and sequencing. The results showed that the technique is superior to sequencing and equivalent to ARMS PCR. Sensitive and specific methodologies for the detection of JAK2 V617F in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasias are of great importance at diagnostic level since they can differentiate between neoplastic disorders and reactive conditions.

Policitemia Vera (PV), Trombocitemia Essencial (TE) e Mielofibrose Primária (MP) são neoplasias mieloproliferativas caracterizadas por uma proliferação excessiva de uma ou mais linhas mieloides. Em 2005, uma mutação somática foi identificada no gene Janus quinase 2 (JAK2), resultando na substituição na proteína de uma fenilalanina para uma valina na posição 617 (JAK2 V617F). Esta mutação é encontrada em 95% dos pacientes com policitemia vera, e na metade dos casos de TE ou MP. Foram descritas metodologias para identificar esta mutação: dentre as mais utilizadas estão ARMS PCR (Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR), sequenciamento e, recentemente, HRM (High Resolution Melting). Neste trabalho a detecção de JAK2 V617F foi estudada em amostras de pacientes com neoplasias mieloproliferativas usando HRM, determinando a sensibilidade e especificidade da mesma, comparando-a com a ARMS PCR e o sequenciamento. Os resultados mostraram que a técnica de HRM é superior ao sequenciamento e equivalente à ARMS PCR. Sensíveis e específicas para a detecção de JAK2 V617F em pacientes com neoplasias mieloproliferativas, as metodologias são de grande importância em nível de diagnóstico, uma vez que permitem diferenciar entre doenças neoplásicas e condições reativas.

Infrequent V617F mutation of the JAK2 gene in myeloid leukemia and its absence in lymphoid malignancies in Japan

A unique mutation of the JAK2 gene, V617F, has recently been identified in polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis. To determine the relevance of this mutation in other types of hematological neoplasms in Japan, we performed allele-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis on the JAK2 gene. The V617F mutation was detected in one out of 130 myeloid neoplasms, but in none of 114 lymphoid malignancies and four biphenotypic acute leukemias. Although a favorable chromosomal alteration t(8;21)(q22;q22) was observed in one acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient with the mutation, two courses of chemotherapy resulted in induction failure and short survival. Sequencing of JAK2 cDNA revealed expression of the mutant allele in the patient. The V617F mutation might play a role in the pathogenesis of certain AML cases.

Polycythaemia vera in JAK2 Era / 中国实用内科杂志

The discovery of an acquired mutation affecting the gene for janus kinase 2(JAK2 V617F)in a high proportion of patients with polycythaemia vera(PV)represents a major breakthrough in molecular understanding of the PV.This article will review the impact of the JAK2 mutation on the diagnosis and treatment of PV.