Curriculum reform of Higher Medical Education based on education outcome: learning outcome framework and competency requirements / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The establishment of outcome-based or competency-based education is an important feature of today's curriculum plans. This paper reviews the development and application of outcome-based education (OBE) in medical education. Based on the concept of OBE, the curriculum framework system of Higher Medical Education is reformed and optimized, and the frameworks of course learning outcome, curriculum teaching theme and curriculum competency are redesigned and determined. Outcome-based curriculum reform reflects the requirements of global healthcare education for medical talents in the new era. Driven by the learning outcomes of postgraduates, the curriculum reform focuses on cultivating the postgraduates' recognition, understanding, analysis and research of the phenomena and problem-solving abilities in medical education by providing courses with different teaching topics, clear learning objectives and requirements. The systematic improvement of teaching quality is helpful to further promote the scientific research of medical education and the cultivation of professional talents in medical education management.

Study on the Subject M ining and Quantitative Evaluation o f Biomedical Industry Policy in National High-tech Industrial Development Zone / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To prov ide re ference for the development of biomedical industry in China. METHODS ：The policies and documents issued by 169 national high-tech industrial development zone （hereinafter reffered to as “National high-tech zone ”） official websites from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2019 were collected to screen policies specifically for the biomedical industry and the development policy of biomedical industry mentioned in all industrial policies. Excel 2019 software was used to summarize and analyze policy information. Gensim package was used to preprocess the policy texts and construct LDA topic model to extract the potential semantic information from the policy texts. RESULTS ：A total of 518 policy texts were collected ，including 58 617 effective words ；high-frequency words included project ，talent，support，subsidy，innovation，etc.；8 themes were extracted ， ranked by theme intensity as technological innovation ，talent construction ，financing support ，project financial support ，tax incentives，resource guidance ，export trade ，and construction of small and medium-sized enterprises ，with the intensities of 0.299， 0.168，0.134，0.116，0.113，0.063，0.058 and 0.049，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：The biomedical industry policy of the national high-tech zone is mainly based on technological innovation ，talent construction and financing support ，and lacks attention to the construction of small and medium-sized enterprises ，resource guidance ，and export trade. In the future ，the national high-tech zone ’s policy support and system construction for the biomedical industry should focus on improving policy incentives and balancing the proportion of policy applications in various fields ；encourage enterprises to expand overseas markets ，learn overseas advanced technologies ，and strengthen multilateral cooperation in scientific research and other fields ；support the corresponding policies to enhance exchanges and cooperation between enterprises ，give play to the leading role of leading enterprises and famous brand products ，and promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

A pedagogia psicodramática como um método facilitador na escolha do tema monográfico / Psychodramatic pedagogy as a facilitating method in choosing the monographic theme / La pedagogía psicodramática como un método facilitador en la elección deltema monográfico

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender a pedagogia psicodramática como um método facilitador na escolha do tema monográfico. Para isso, foram utilizados o método científico da pesquisa-ação e o estudo de caso, tendo a pedagogia psicodramática como método didático e a fenomenologia existencial como método filosófico. A aplicabilidade aconteceu no primeiro encontro de orientação de monografia. Foi possível perceber que a aluna/orientanda não apenas identificou o tema, mas também desenvolveu a espontaneidade e a criatividade na construção da monografia.

This article aims to understand psychodramatic pedagogy as a facilitating method in choosing the monographic theme. For this, the scientific method of research-action and case study were used, adopting psychodramatic pedagogy as a didactic method and existential phenomenology as a philosophical method. Applicability occurred at the first monograph orientation meeting. It was possible to perceive that the student/mentee not only identified the theme, but also developed spontaneity and creativity in the construction of monograph.

Este artículo tiene por objetivo comprender la pedagogía psicodramática como un método facilitador en la elección del tema monográfico. Para ello, se utilizaron el método científico de la investigación-acción y el estudio de caso, teniendo la pedagogía psicodramática como método didáctico y la fenomenología existencial como método filosófico. La aplicabilidad ocurrió en el primer encuentro de orientación de monografía. Fue posible percibir que la alumna/orientanda no sólo identificó el tema, sino también desarrolló la espontaneidad y la creatividad en la construcción de la monografía.

Visual analysis of research theme and capability of real world research / 中国中药杂志

As a new concept in clinical research,the real world research(RWR) has attracted the attention of researchers in the world with its unique advantages. This research mainly analyzed it through visual methods,the specific steps were as follows. Firstly,the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wan Fang Database,Medline and EMbase were searched and RWS were included,414 articles in Chinese and 2 158 articles in English were included in this research after layer-bylayer screening; secondly,the main information was extracted and sorted by BICOMS 2 software and generated its co-occurrence matrix; the network relationship diagram was drawn by Net Draw software; the cluster analysis was carried out by using g CLUTO software;finally,this research results show that the numbers of domestic and foreign literatures have shown an overall growth trend,but compared with foreign countries,China's research on the real world started late,the overall strength of research was not as good as abroad;and the domestic and foreign research on the real world was uneven in the region,the research in China was mainly distributed in developed provinces and cities,such as Beijing,Guangdong,Shanghai,etc,and there was a lack of close cooperation between provinces and cities; the foreign research are mainly distributed in developed countries such as the United States,the United Kingdom,Germany,et al; the cooperation between countries was relatively close. And the hotspots and core directions of domestic and foreign research were also different. This research was intended to provide reference for the further research of Chinese researchers through the current description of the themes and capability of the real world research in the world.

Valoración del proceso docente educativo del internado de la carrera de Estomatología en Camagüey / Assessment of the teaching learning process in Dentistry internship in Camagüey

RESUMEN Fundamento: La asignatura Atención Integral a la Población, se imparte durante el quinto año de la carrera de Estomatología. Objetivo: Exponer los criterios de los estudiantes, egresados y profesores respecto al proceso docente educativo de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Población. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación educacional observacional-descriptiva transversal en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey, desarrollada desde septiembre 2015 a octubre 2017.El universo estuvo constituido por 63 estudiantes del quinto año, 90 egresados del curso 2015-2016 y 14 profesores. Fueron utilizados métodos de investigación educacional cualitativos. Resultados: Los estudiantes, en la totalidad, percibieron que la asignatura influye en su formación como futuro profesional de la Estomatología, refirieron sentirse desorientados en cuestiones referidas a la distribución de contenidos, mientras que los profesores reconocieron la necesidad de determinar los temas, objetivos, sistema de conocimientos y habilidades para lograr una uniformidad en el trabajo sistemático y la evaluación frecuente en las diferentes sedes universitarias, los estudiantes carecen de una guía para realizar el estudio independiente; con vistas al examen final de la asignatura y estatal que contenga un plan de temas organizados y reúna los conocimientos esenciales a estudiar. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico develó que los estudiantes, egresados y profesores coincidieron en la necesidad de la consolidación de conocimientos, adquisición de habilidades y la interdisciplinariedad, así como la orientación del estudio independiente para el examen final de la asignatura y estatal.

ABSTRACT Basis: Comprehensive assistance to the Community subject is taught in 5th -year Dentistry Career. Objective: to set out opinions of the students, graduated and professors about the teaching learning process of Comprehensive assistance to the Community subject. Methods: A transversal descriptive-observational educational research was carried out in the Dentistry faculty in the University of Medical Sciences in Camaguey, from September 2015 to October 2017. The universe was composed by 63 5th -year Dentistry students, 90 graduated of the 2015-2016 academic year and 14 professors from the teaching staff. Qualitative educational research methods were used. Results: All the students realized that the subject has an influence on the future professional training in Dentistry. They referred to be confused about the contents distribution, while the professors recognize the necessity to determine the topics, objectives, set of knowledge and skills in order to achieve uniformity in the systematic job and the common evaluation. The students do not have a guide to do their independent study taking into account the final exam. Conclusions: The diagnostic revealed that students, graduated and professors agreed in the necessity to reinforce knowledge, skills acquisition, and interdisciplinary, as well as independent study guidelines for the final exam in Dentistry.

Dynamic analysis of the academic influence in Chinese Journal of Hepatology from 2010 to 2016 / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To dynamically analyze the discipline status, influence factors and key issues of Chinese Journal of Hepatology from 2010 to 2016 and explore the development rules of citation indexes.@*Methods@#We collected information published by the China Institute of Scientific and Technological Information [China Science and Technology Journal Citation Report (Core Edition)] and Wanfang Database Periodicals statistical analysis platform from 2010 to 2016. A bibliometric analyses on article volume, citation frequency, citation rate, h-index, ratio of fund-aided papers, periodical influence, key number published period, number of relevant articles, and so on were analyzed for annual’s impact factor.@*Results@#According to the data released by the China Institute of Science and Technology Information, from 2010 to 2011, the impact factor of Chinese Journal of Hepatology was at leading level in the field of internal medicine and ranked sixth in the Journal of Internal Medicine. From 2012 to 2016, the overall comprehensive assessment score and citation frequency score of Chinese Journal of Hepatology were ranked first in the Journal of Gastroenterology. Core impact factors kept the discipline ahead. Indexes such as immediacy index, h- index, cited half-life and all other indicators were increased. Citation rate was >90% and cited issue number had greatly increased.@*Conclusion@#Chinese Journal of Hepatology has a leading position in the Journal of Gastroenterology and credited by inland readers and authors of digestive and infectious fields. It has played a positive role in promoting the development of the discipline.

Discipline construction is the theme of the development of burn surgery / 中华烧伤杂志

Discipline construction is the core element of department development, including discipline structure setting, scale, equipment, medical workers structure, clinical feature and advantage, talent training, teaching level, scientific research level, management system, and cultural construction of department. As leader and engine of discipline construction, directors′ ability is an important factor for discipline construction. Clinical characteristic is the basis of discipline construction; innovation actuation is the essence of discipline construction; talents training is the guarantee of discipline construction; scientific research is the wing of discipline construction; cultural construction is the hot spring of discipline construction. Discipline construction is the theme of the development of burn surgery.

Knowledge Mapping and Thematic Analysis of TCM Safety Study / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the research hotspots of TCM safety and their relationship, so as to promote the improvement of TCM quality, TCM safety management and further research of TCM safety. METHODS: The word frequency analysis was used to study the frequency of keywords and thematic words related to TCM safety, quality and risk in literatures with the help of SATI 3. 2 and Ucinet 6 statistical software. The co-occurrence analysis of high frequency keywords was conducted, and visual network graph of high frequency keywords was drawn on the basis of co-occurrence matrix. The network general characteristics of keywords were analyzed in respects of network density, concentration degree and small-world effect. The network individual characteristics of keywords were analyzed in respects of node centrality, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality, so as to discuss the research thematic hotspots and relevance. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: "TCM decoction piece" "processing""TCM quality" "quality management" were main issues and key points of TCM safety research; TCM decoction piece was the most important field, the problems of which mainly reflected in TCM processing. The method and technology of TCM processing influenced TCM safety significantly. It is suggested to establish view of quality, improve the level of TCM safety by means of quality management, quality standard construction and quality control, reduce the risk of TCM safety, improve TCM quality and fully play the role of standard and standardization of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Evaluation standards and application for photography of schistosomiasis control theme / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To set up and apply the evaluation standards for photography of schistosomiasis control theme,so as to offer the scientific advice for enriching the health information carrier of schistosomiasis control.Methods Through the litera-ture review and expert consultation,the evaluation standard for photography of schistosomiasis control theme was formulated. The themes were divided into 4 projects,such as new construction,natural scenery,working scene,and control achievements. Results The evaluation criteria of the theme photography were divided into the theme(60%),photographic composition (15%),focus exposure(15%),and color saturation(10%).A total of 495 pictures(sets)from 59 units with 77 authors were collected from schistosomiasis epidemic areas national wide.After the first-step screening and second-step evaluation,the prizes of 3 themes of control achievements and new construction,working scene,and natural scenery were selected,such as 6 pictures of first prize,12 pictures of second prize,18 pictures of third prize,and 20 pictures of honorable prize.Conclusions The eval-uation standards of theme photography should be taken into the consideration of the technical elements of photography and the work specification of schistosomiasis prevention and control.In order to improve the ability of records for propaganda purpose of schistosomiasis control and better play a role of guiding correct propaganda,the training and guidance of photography of profes-sionals should be carried out.

Application of Appreciative Inquire in Medical Humanities Education / 中国医学伦理学

Through expounding the definition of appreciate inquire,this paper discussed its principles when usedin medical humanities education including constructionism,simultaneity,poetry,preconception and optimism.Guided by optimistic themes,the benign development of medical humanistic education was realized by 4D circulation mode (discovery,dream,design,andrealization) of appreciative inquiry summit talks.

Niveles de comprensión lectora en alumnos de secundaria. Una comparación por tópico

Con base en los planteamientos de la psicología interconductual se desarrollaron y validaron dos pruebas para evaluar tres niveles de comprensión lectora de textos relacionados con dos tópicos: uno literario y uno de biología. El objetivo fue analizar el desempeño de estudiantes mexicanos de secundaria en comprensión lectora. Participaron 90 estudiantes de tres grupos escolares de primer grado, en una escuela pública. Se obtuvieron los puntajes de respuestas por nivel funcional. Los alumnos mostraron bajos porcentajes de respuestas correctas en ambas pruebas, siendo menores los relacionados con el tema de biología. Se ubicó a los alumnos en tres rangos de desempeño. Finalmente, se analizan las ventajas de evaluar la comprensión lectora por nivel funcional y por tópico.

Under the theoretical basis of the interbehavioral psychology, were developed and validated two tests to assess reading comprehension of texts related with two topics: one literary and one of biology, in three functional levels. The aim was to analyze the performance of junior high school students, in reading comprehension. Participants were 90 students enrolled in the first grade of three school groups from a public school. The results show that students achieved low percentages of correct answers in both tests, in particular, their worst performance was related with the topic of biology. The results of the students were classified in three ranges of performance. The advantages of evaluating reading comprehension considering the functional levels of behavior and topic, are discussed.

Calidad científica, temáticas e impacto nacional de las publicaciones radiológicas en Colombia (2005 -2013) / Scientific quality, thematic and national impact of radiological publications in Colombia (2005 -2013)

Objetivos. (i) Caracterizar la ciencia radiológica que se produce en Colombia, durante el periodo en estudio, (ii) Evidenciar las temáticas radiológicas más estudiadas y, (iii) Reconocer la credibilidad entre colegas científicos radiólogos colombianos (impacto nacional). Metodología: se revisaron las publicaciones de la RCR entre 2005 - 2013; para el primero y segundo objetivo se totalizó y hallaron porcentajes; para el tercero, se aplicó el índice de impacto. Resultados: Se encontró que en Colombia se escribe suficientemente sobre radiología, predominan los artículos y revisiones de caso, lo que menos se publica son resultados de investigación.

Objectives. (i) To characterize the radiologic sciences produced in Colombia, (ii) To demonstrate the most studied and radiological Theme (iii)To Recognize credibility among fellow scientists radiologists Colombians (national impact). Methodology. RCR publications were reviewed between 2005- 2013, for the first and second target will be totaled and percentages found, for the third, an impact factor was applied. Results. We found that in Colombia you write enough about radiology predominate articles and case reviews, which are less published research results.

Theme clusters and evolutions of research on medical protection against nerve agents / 军事医学

Objective To find the course of theme evolution for study of medical protection against nerve agents.Meth-ods A method of information visualization based on co-cited analysis was used.The research domain of medical protection against nerve agents was mapped using software VOSviewer.Results There were five research clusters including clinical research, oxime reactivators, detoxification and detection,and bioscavengers.Conclusion Theme evolution is described and research trends are predicted.

O imaginário coletivo da equipe de enfermagem sobre a interrupção da gestação / The collective imagination of the nursing staff on termination of pregnancy

Objetivamos investigar o imaginário coletivo de enfermeiras sobre a mulher cuja gravidez foi interrompida, já que o trabalho da enfermagem envolve, além de cuidados técnicos, proximidade inter-humana em situação de fragilidade emocional. Entrevistamos individualmente 16 profissionais, usando o Procedimento Desenhos-Estórias com Tema. Após cada entrevista, redigimos narrativas transferenciais que, com os desenhos-estórias, foram consideradas psicanaliticamente, visando a produção interpretativa de campos de sentido afetivo-emocional. Observamos três campos que permitem a compreensão de que a gravidez interrompida é associada a fantasias de maldade e falta de amor materno, o que pode estar relacionado a eventuais dificuldades no cuidado a estas pacientes...

The collective imaginary of the nursing staff about pregnancy's interruption. We aimed at investigating the collective imaginary of nurses about women whose pregnancy was interrupted, since nursing's work involves technical care and human's proximity in situation of emotional fragility. We interviewed 16 professionals, using the Drawing Stories with Theme. After each interview, we wrote psychoanalytical narratives that, with the drawing stories, were psychoanalytically considered, in order to produce, by interpretation, fields of affective and emotional sense. We observed three fields that allow the comprehension that the interrupted pregnancy is associated with fantasies of evil and lack of maternal love, which may be related to possible difficulties in caring those patients...

Pensando a gerontologia no ensino fundamental / Thinking about gerontology in elementary and high school

A Gerontologia foi inserida como tema transversal a ser incorporada nos currículos de ensino fundamental no estado de São Paulo. Essa iniciativa cria possibilidades para uma melhor compreensão da sociedade brasileira, além de ser uma oportunidade de educação para o próprio envelhecimento. Este trabalho apresenta algumas sugestões de temas a serem levados às salas de aula, os quais foram propostos por coordenadoras de cursos de graduação e pós-graduação, lato e stricto sensu, em Gerontologia do estado de São Paulo.

The State of São Paulo introduced the Gerontology as cross-educational theme to be incorporated in the elementary and high school curriculum. This initiative to introduce the gerontological issues in this context means creating opportunities for understanding the Brazilian society and for stimulating aging education and reflexion. This paper presents suggestions about gerontological topics to incorporate elementary and high school curriculum, which were proposed by Gerontology undergraduate and postgraduate college coordinators.

Deficits in Abstract Thinking Assessed by Theme Identification in Patients with Schizophrenia / 대한정신분열병학회지

OBJECTIVES: Patients with schizophrenia often have a concrete thinking or an impairment in abstract thinking, but there has been a limitation in quantitatively measuring this cognitive function. The aim of the current study was to investigate a deficit in abstract thinking in patients with schizophrenia using the theme identification task. METHODS: Twenty subjects with schizophrenia and 20 healthy volunteers participated in the behavioral study for theme identification. The visual stimuli were composed of a series of pictures, which contained positive or negative emotional situations. Three words, indicating a main theme of the picture, a theme-related item and a theme-unrelated item, respectively, were presented in the bottom of the pictures, and participants had to select a theme. RESULTS: The patient group selected theme words at significantly lower rate in both emotional conditions than the control group (positive, p=0.002 ; negative, p=0.001). Especially, in the negative condition, the patient group more selected theme-unrelated items than the control group (p=0.001). The rates of theme identification were inversely correlated with scores of the Social Anhedonia Scale (positive, r=-0.440, p=0.007 ; negative, r=-0.366, p=0.028). CONCLUSION: Patients with schizophrenia exhibited an impairment in abstract thinking, and it was remarkable in the negative condition. The ability to think abstractly was associated with the severity of social anhedonia. The impairment of abstract thinking may become one of the reasons for poor social functioning in socially anhedonic patients.

Enhancing medical humanity qualities by teaching English passages with medical theme / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Containing unique medical information and profound humanistic connotation,pas-sages with medical theme tend to be processed in a relatively superficial way in reading courses. This paper discussed the significance of English passages with medical theme and elucidated the de-pressing situation in teaching and learning as well as the reasons. Several approaches were proposed to resolve the present dilema in an attempt to improve the comprehensive humanistic qualities of med-ical students.

Educador social: imagem e relações com crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional / Social educator: image and relationship with children in shelter institutions / Educador social: la imagen y relaciones con los niños en situaciones de refugio / Éducateur social: image et relations avec les enfants dans les situations de abri

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a imagem que educadores sociais têm da criança em situação de acolhimento institucional e relacioná-la com as ações propostas por estes em espaços de convivência institucional. A investigação ocorreu em uma instituição abrigo (Diadema / SP) que atende crianças vítimas de negligência e / ou maus tratos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Teste do Desenho Temático e Observação. A técnica foi aplicada individualmente nas seis educadoras que integravam a instituição. Já a observação foi realizada nos momentos nos quais havia uma única educadora acompanhando o grupo de crianças em atividades de rotina do abrigo. Os dados obtidos com cada uma das educadoras foram analisados separadamente e posteriormente integrados aos registros da Observação. Na continuidade, uma síntese conclusiva foi elaborada para cada uma das participantes do estudo. Os resultados denotam falta de energia vital e ausência de contato afetivo com as crianças. Observa-se a predominância de educadoras com uma concepção do abrigo como um lugar provisório e inapropriado para o desenvolvimento da criança e descomprometidas com a tarefa de educá-las...

This study aimed to identify the image that social educators have about children in shelter institutions and relate it to their proposed actions for institutional coexistence spaces. The research took place at a shelter institution (Diadema / SP) that works with children victims of negligence and / or abuse. The techniques used were Thematic Drawing Test and Observation. The technique was applied individually in six educators who worked for the institution. The observation was conducted in moments when only one educator was accompanying the group of children in routine activities in the shelter. The data obtained with each educator were analyzed separately and subsequently incorporated in the observation registries. In continuity, a conclusive synthesis was elaborated for each one of the study participants. The results show a lack of vital energy and emotional contact with the children. There is a predominance of educators with an image of the shelter as a temporary place, inappropriate for a child's development, and not committed to the task of children's education...

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la imagen que los educadores sociales tienen del niño en un albergue y se refieren a las acciones propuestas por ellos en los espacios de vida institucional. La investigación se llevó a cabo en una institución refugio (Diadema / SP), que sirve a los niños víctimas de abandono y / o maltrato. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Test de Dibujo y Nota temática. La técnica se aplicó de forma individual en seis educadores que formaban parte de la institución. Puesto que la observación se realizó en momentos en que sólo había un profesor que acompaña al grupo de los niños en las actividades rutinarias de la vivienda. Los datos obtenidos por cada uno de los maestros se analizaron por separado, seguido de un análisis de la integración de la producción gráfica de la Nota de los registros. Más tarde, una conclusión como resumen fue preparado para cada uno de los participantes en el estudio. Los resultados muestran una falta de energía vital y la falta de contacto emocional con los niños. Tenga en cuenta el predominio de los maestros con un dibujo de la vivienda como un hogar temporal e inadecuado para el desarrollo del niño, aparecen comprometidos en la tarea de educarlos...

Cette étude visait à identifier l'image que les éducateurs sociaux que l'enfant dans un abri et de le relier aux actions proposées par ceux qui dans les espaces de vie institutionnels. La recherche a eu lieu dans un établissement sous (Diadema / SP), qui sert aux enfants victimes de négligence et / ou de mauvais traitements. Les instruments utilisés étaient: test du dessin et de la note thématique. La technique a été appliquée individuellement dans six éducateurs qui faisaient partie de l'institution. Depuis l'observation a été effectuée à des moments où il n'y avait qu'un seul enseignant accompagnant le groupe d'enfants dans les activités de routine de l'abri. Les données obtenues par chacun des enseignants ont été analysés séparément, suivie d'une analyse intégrant la production graphique de la note dossiers. Plus tard, un résumé a été préparé pour la conclusion de chacun des participants à l'étude. Les résultats montrent un manque d'énergie vitale et le manque de contact émotionnel avec les enfants. Notez la prédominance des enseignants avec une conception de l'abri comme un lieu temporaire et inappropriée pour le développement de l'enfant, semblent ne pas s'engager dans la tâche de les éduquer...

Study on sandtray topic features for children with behavior problems based on the grounded theory method / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the sandtray topics of the children with behavior problems according to the grounded theory method.Methods Collected and described children' s sandtray topics of different types of behavior problems,age and gender.And analyzed them base on a 3 levels coding list compiling according to the ground theory method.Results The frequency of “negative theme” (3.33 ± 1.25 ) was higher than “positive theme” (0.81 ± 1.25 ) with significant difference (P＜0.01) in feature level 1.Age factor had significant effect upon the frequency of “positive theme” in feature level 1 (P ＜ 0.05 ).And also had impact on “harmony”,“ development” in features level 2 (F =3.039,P ＜ 0.05 ).Gender factor,interaction of gender and age had significant effects on frequency of “negative theme” in feature level 1 (F =5.395,P ＜ 0.05 ; F =4.222,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The characteristics of the children' s sandtay with behavioral problems mainly are “negative theme”.And it shows different features in children with different gender or age.

Representação social da depressão em uma Instituição de Ensino da Rede Pública / Depression and teenagers in a Public Education's Institution / Representación social de la depresión en una Institución de Enseñanza de la Red Pública

Esta pesquisa objetivou apreender as representações sociais da depressão de adolescentes do ensino médio, em uma escola de João Pessoa-PB. Participaram do estudo 276 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos e faixa etária entre 14 e 17 anos. Os instrumentos usados na pesquisa foram: o Inventário da Depressão Infantil (CDI) e a técnica projetiva do desenho-história com tema. Os resultados indicaram que a depressão está associada a quatro aspectos: psicoafetivos, com as subcategorias depressão como sinônimo de tristeza e desilusão amorosa; psicossocial, com a subcategoria dificuldade de relacionamento social, e idéias mórbidas, com a subcategoria ideia de morte e/ou ideação suicida. Essas associações são resultado tanto das vivências dos adolescentes como das informações e representações vinculadas ao seu grupo de pertença, apontando a necessidade de práticas preventivas e educacionais nas instituições de ensino....(AU)

This research aimed to apprehend the social representations of depression held by teenagers in a high school in João Pessoa, PB. The study included 276 adolescents, male and female, aged between 14 and 17 years. The instruments used in the research were the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the projective technique drawing-story with theme. The results indicated that depression is associated with four aspects: psychological and affective, with the subcategories depression as a synonym of sadness and loving disappointment; psychosocial, with the subcategory difficulty of social relationship; morbid ideas, with the subcategory idea of death and/or suicidal ideation. These associations are the result of the adolescents experiences, as the information and representations linked to his group of belonging, pointing the need for preventive and educational practices in the institutions of education....(AU)

Esta pesquisa tuvo el objetivo de aprehender las representaciones sociales de la depresión de adolescentes de la enseñanza media, en una escuela de João Pessoa-PB. Participaron del estudio 276 adolescentes, de ambos sexos y franja de edad entre 14 y 17 años. Los instrumentos usados en la pesquisa fueron: el Inventario de la Depresión Infantil (CDI) y la técnica proyectiva del dibujohistoria con tema. Los resultados indicaron que la depresión está asociada a cuatro aspectos: psicoafectivos, con las sub-categorías depresión como sinónimo de tristeza y desilusión amorosa; psicosocial, con la sub-categoría dificultad de relacionamiento social, e ideas mórbidas, con la sub-categoría idea de muerte y/o ideación suicida. Esas asociaciones son resultado tanto de las vivencias de los adolescentes como de las informaciones y representaciones vinculadas a su grupo de pertenencia, apuntando la necesidad de prácticas preventivas y educacionales en las instituciones de enseñanza....(AU)