Determinação de 25-hidroxivitamina D2 e D3 em plasma por CLAE-DAD / Determination of 25-hidroxy-vitamin D2 and D3 in plasma by HPLC-DAD

INTRODUÇÃO: O interesse pela vitamina D nos últimos anos teve aumento significativo. Estudos epidemiológicos realizados têm demonstrado um crescente aumento da deficiência de vitamina D entre a população. O marcador diagnóstico de escolha para determinar os níveis de vitamina D é a concentração de 25-hidroxivitamina D (25(OH)D), com suas frações D2 (25(OH)D2) e D3 (25(OH)D3). OBJETIVO: Desenvolver uma metodologia analítica empregando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector de arranjo de diodos (CLAE-DAD) para a determinação de 25(OH)D3 e 25(OH)D2 em plasma. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: 25(OH)D3 e 25(OH)D2 foram extraídos das amostras de plasma com hexano, utilizando-se dodecafenona como padrão interno (PI). Utilizou-se coluna analítica ACE 5 C18 com partículas de 5 µm e dimensões de 150 × 4,6 mm, fase móvel metanol-água (80:20; v/v) e quantificação em 265 nm. RESULTADOS: A exatidão foi entre 98,4 e 107,5%. A precisão intraensaios esteve entre 6,5% e 9,2% para 25(OH)D3 e entre 3,7% e 8,7% para 25(OH)D2. A precisão interensaios esteve entre 2,9% e 6% para 25(OH)D3 e entre 4% e 4,5% para 25(OH)D2. O limite inferior de quantificação foi 10 ng/ml. As concentrações encontradas em amostras de 32 pacientes idosos estiveram entre 10,1 e 32,4 ng/ml, caracterizando deficiência de vitamina D nesse grupo. DISCUSSÃO O método foi capaz de quantificar 25(OH)D2 e 25(OH)D3 com uma preparação de amostra relativamente simples e rápida. O método foi seletivo, com separação adequada dos metabólitos e do padrão interno e sem presença de interferentes. CONCLUSÃO: O método desenvolvido apresenta desempenho analítico adequado e pode ser aplicado em condições clínicas.

INTRODUCTION: The interest in vitamin D has increased significantly in recent years. Epidemiological studies conducted over the past 25 years have shown a steady increase in vitamin D deficiency. The diagnostic marker of choice to determine vitamin D levels is the concentration of 25-hidroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) in the fractions D2 (25(OH)D2) and D3 (25(OH)D3). OBJECTIVE: To develop an analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) for the determination of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 in plasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 were extracted from plasma samples with hexane and dodecaphenone was used as internal standard. The separation was performed in an ACE 5 C18 column, with particle size of 5 µm (4,6 × 150 mm), mobile phase methanol-water (80:20, v/v) and quantification at 265 nm. RESULTS: Accuracy was in the range of 98.4 to 107.5%. Intra-assay precision was between 6.5 and 9.2% for 25(OH)D3 and 3.7 and 8.7 for 25(OH)D2. Inter-assay precision was between 2.9 and 6% for 25(OH)D3 and 4 and 4.5 for 25(OH)D2. The limit of quantification was 10 ng/l. Concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in samples from 32 elderly patients were between 10.1 and 32.4 ng/ml, characterizing vitamin D deficiency in this group. DISCUSSION: The method allowed the quantification of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3. Furthermore, the sample preparation was relatively simple and fast. The method was selective with an adequate separation of metabolites and internal standard with no interfering substances. CONCLUSION: Not only did the developed method show suitable analytical performance, but it may also be applied in clinical conditions.

¿Es equivalente la suplementación diaria con vitamina D2 o vitamina D3 en adultos mayores? / Is daily supplementation with vitamin D2 equivalent to daily supplementation with vitamin D3 in the elderly?

Tanto la equivalencia entre colecalciferol (D3) y ergocalciferol (D2), como las dosis y forma de administración de ambos, son actualmente un tema controvertido. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la efectividad de 800 UI/día de D2 (gotas) y D3 (comprimidos) para alcanzar niveles adecuados de 25 hidroxivitamina D (25OHD) (= 30 ng/ml). Veintiún mujeres posmenopáusicas que vivían en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, edad promedio ( ± DS) 77.1 ± 6.8 años fueron incluidas y asignadas en forma aleatoria a uno de los siguientes grupos: GD2 (n = 13): 800 UI (gotas) y GD3 (n = 8): 800 UI (comprimidos). Se midió 25OHD sérica (RIA-DIASORIN) basal y a los 7, 28 y 45 días del estudio. Basalmente, 19 de las 21 mujeres presentaron niveles de deficiencia de 25(OH)D (< 20 ng/ml): GD2: 14.0 ± 4.8 y GD3: 13.2 ± 4.9 (NS). Se observó en el día 7 un incremento del ~25% solo en GD3 y un aumento significativo al final del estudio en ambos grupos, sin alcanzar los valores adecuados de 25OHD (GD2: 17.4 ± 5.5 vs. GD3:22.9 ± 4.6 ng/ml p < 0.001). La administración por 45 días de 800 UI de vitamina D3 fue más efectiva que D2 para incrementar los niveles de 25OHD, aunque ambas fueron insuficientes para alcanzar niveles adecuados de 25OHD (= 30 ng/ml).

The equivalence of cholecalciferol (D3) and ergocalciferol (D2) as well as their corresponding doses and administration route remain controversial to date. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of daily supplementation with 800 IU of D2 (drops) and D3 (pills) on 25-hydroxivitamin D (25OHD) levels (= 30 ng/ml). Twenty-one ambulatory postmenopausal women from Buenos Aires City with a mean ( ± SD) age of 77.1 ± 6.8 years were included. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: GD2 (n = 13): 800 IU (drops) and GD3 (n = 8): 800 IU (pills). Serum 25OHD levels were measured (RIA-DIASORIN) at baseline, and at 7, 28 and 45 days. Nineteen out of twenty one women showed deficient levels of 25OHD at baseline (< 20 ng/ml): GD2: 14.0 ± 4.8 ng/ml and GD3: 13.2 ± 4.9 ng/ml (NS). Whereas only GD3 exhibited an increase (~25%) at 7 days, both groups showed a significant increase at the end of the study. However, neither attained adequate 25OHD levels (GD2: 17.4 ± 5.5 vs. GD3:22.9 ± 4.6 ng/ml; p < 0.001). Administration of 800 IU of vitamin D3 during 45 days was more effective than D2 in increasing 25OHD, but both failed to achieve adequate levels of 25OHD (= 30 ng/ml). but neither succeeded in achieving adequate levels of 25OHD (= 30 ng/ml).

Determination of Vitamin D_2, Vitamin A and Vitamin E in Cernevit-12 for Injection by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To establish a HPLC method for the simultaneously determination of Vitamin D2, Vitamin A and Vitamin E in Cernevit-12 for injection. METHODS: An Inertsil(ODS-2) C18 column was selected as separation column at 30℃. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-methanol-methylene chloride (80∶10∶10) at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 265nm and the injection volume was 10?L. RESULTS: The linear ranges of Vitamin D2, Vitamin E acetic ester and Vitamin A palmitate were 0.61～1.43?g?mL-1, 222.6～519.4?g?mL-1 and 1.21～2.82mg?mL-1 respectively. The average recoveries were 99.79%, 99.53% and 101.63%, with RSD of 1.66%, 0.184 6%, 0.113 4%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and suitable for the determination of Cernevit-12.

The modern role of vitamin D2 in cutaneous tuberulosis (with a preliminary report on 5 cases)

1) The literature concerning the use of vitamin D in tuberculosis of the skin is reviewed. Reports on the recent successes in the use of large doses of calciferol are mentioned2) The pharmacologic evolution of calciferol is given together with a suggested possible mode of aciton3) Indications, contra-indications and toxic reactions are discussed4) The original method of administration of Charpy is described5) A modification of the Charpy-Dowling-Thomas modality by the University of Pensylvania Hospital was used in a series of 5 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis. Although the treatment and observation periods have been short the initial results are so far gratifying. (Summary)

DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN D2 IN BABYFOOD (FORTIFIED FOOD) BY TWO STEPS OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY / 营养学报

An improved method for the determination of Vitamin D2 in baby food (fortified dried milk) was established by using two steps of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sample was directly saponified and extracted with benzene. The extracted unsaponifiable matter was firstly subjected to preparative HPLC using a Nucleosil 5C18 column (reversed-phase type) with acetonitrile-methanol (3:2) as a mobile phase. This first step was for the purpose of clean-up, and a fraction containing Vitamin D2 was collected. The separate fraction was subsequently subjected to analytic HPLC with a Zorbax SIL column (straight-phase type) with isopropanol-hexane (0.8 : 99.2) as a mobile phase. The Vitamin D2 was separated from other contaminants and determined with ultraviolet spectrograph by the peak height estimated. The recovery rate was 84%, standard deviation 12.57 and coefficient of variation 4.57%. The proposed method was rapid, accurate, and suitable for the determination of baby food.