A Correlative Study of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathology of Female Breast Lesions.

Breast lesions remain a major public health problem worldwide. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has become one of the first-line investigations for the diagnosis of breast lumps. Although one of the major goals of FNAC is to differentiate benign from malignant lesions, in certain cases, this may not possible due to a lack of uniformity with regards to the reporting terminology used in breast cytology by pathologists worldwide, resulting in poor communication of results among health‑care providers. The present study aims to evaluate the role and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the evaluation of breast lesions using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) recommended terminology by correlating with histopathological examination (HPE) results.METHODSIn this retrospective study conducted over a period of two years, a total of 382 female patients with breast lesions underwent FNAC and was categorized according to the NCI guidelines. Of these, 156 cases had histopathological follow‑up and their FNAC diagnoses were compared. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) along with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and accuracy of FNAC were calculated.RESULTSAmong the 156 cases, none were unsatisfactory (C1); 105 (67.1%) were benign (C2); 7 (4.4%) were atypical but probably benign (C3); 2 (1.1%) were suspicious favouring malignancy (C4); 43 (27.4%) were malignant (C5). Cyto-histopathological correlation was carried out. Of categories C2 and C3 (total of 112 cases), 109 were confirmed as benign (true negative) and the remaining 3 cases turned out to be malignant (false negative). Of categories C4 and C5 (total of 45 cases), all cases were confirmed as malignant (true positive) and none were benign (false positive). The present study showed a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 93.62% (95% CI, 82.46%–98.66%), 100% (95% CI, 96.67%–100%), 100% (95% CI, 92.5%–99.6%), 97.32% (95% CI, 92.4%–99.09%) and 98.08% respectively.CONCLUSIONSOur study concluded that FNAC is a rapid and effective method, and reporting of smears using NCI guidelines highly correlated with the histopathological diagnosis.

Pathomorphological features of calcinosis circumscripta in a dog / 한국실험동물학회지

A 19-month-old male German shepherd dog was presented with a hindlimb footpad mass. The mass was excised and histopathology was performed. Grossly, the cut section of the mass had multiple well-circumscribed nodules with a chalky appearance. Histopathologically, basophilic-stained calcium deposits of various sizes were distributed from dermis to subcutis, surrounded by epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and reactive fibroblasts. Myxoid metaplasia, calcium deposits in hair follicles, and psammoma-like bodies were also found. These histopathologic observations will greatly help to understand the pathogenesis of calcinosis circumscripta.

Candidiasis bucal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus / Oral Candidiasis in patients with diabetes mellitus

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 75 pacientes con diabetes mellitus, quienes presentaron candidiasis bucal, tratados en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde marzo de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2015, a fin de evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de la citada afección. Las muestras para biopsias se fijaron y procesaron con la técnica clásica de inclusión en parafina; se colorearon con una tinción especial de ácido peryódico de Schiff, lo cual confirmó la existencia de cambios celulares. Predominaron el sexo masculino, el grupo etario de 60 años y más; la ausencia de manifestaciones clínicas, el paladar duro y la comisura labial como los sitios de mayor prevalencia y la candidiasis eritematosa como la forma clínica más común. La presencia de hifas patógenas y células levaduriformes fueron los hallazgos histopatológicos más sobresalientes.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 75 patients with diabetes mellitus who presented oral candidiasis, treated in the stomatological service of the Specialties Polyclinic of "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Provincial Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out, from March, 2013 to the same month in 2015, in order to evaluate the results of the clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of the mentioned affection. The samples for biopsies were fixed and processed with the classic technique of inclusion in paraffin; they were colored with a special stain of Schiff periodic acid, which confirmed the existence of cellular changes. There was a prevalence of male sex, the 60 years and over age group; the absence of clinical symptoms, the hard palate and the corner of the mouth as the sites of greater prevalence and the erythematous candidiasis as the most common clinical form. The presence of pathogen hyphae and yeast-like cells were the most outstanding histopathologic findings.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma-Histopathologist Perspective– A Review

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the salivary glands. It comprises 5–10% of all salivary gland tumours. It is histologically comprised of a mixture of mucous cells, intermediate cells, squamoid or epidermoid cells. This tumour may also demonstrate clear cell, oncocytic or columnar cells. There is arguably no other salivary gland tumour in which grading is as important to prognosis and therapy. Here we present a review with systematic approach to the histopathologic diagnosis, grading and prognosis, with a special emphasis on the biologic potential based on newer investigative modalities from the histopathologist perspective.

Proporción de concordancia entre los diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico bucofaciales durante 20 años / Proportion of agreement between the clinical and the histopathologic diagnosis during 20 years

Se realizó un estudio para determinar la proporción de concordancia entre los diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico de las biopsias estudiadas en el departamento de Patología Bucal de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Se recopilaron los diagnósticos histopatológicos de 2 183 biopsias a partir del libro de registro de los años 1989 a 2008. Se asignaron códigos a las distintas variables estudiadas y se procesaron con Epi Info para obtener las frecuencias y porcentajes. El estudio presentó una concordancia del 54,1 por ciento, ligera discordancia del 13,8 por ciento, no concordancia de 7,9 por ciento y sin diagnóstico clínico un 24,2 por ciento. Las lesiones en glándulas salivales presentaron la mayor concordancia con un 66,8 por ciento y para tejido óseo los quistes no odontogénicos ocuparon el primer lugar de concordancia con el 80,0 por ciento. Se encontró una concordancia aceptable, superior a otros estudios similares. Existe la posiblidad de mejorar el nivel científico mediante la actualización continua de los clínicos(AU)

To determine the proportion of agreement between the clinical and histopathologic diagnoses of study biopsies in the Oral Pathology Department. From the registry book from years 1989 to 2008 the histopathologic diagnoses of 2 183 biopsies were collected codifying the different study variables and were processed using Epi Info to obtain the frequencies end percentages. This study presents a 7.9 percent of agreement, a slight agreement of 13.8 percent, no-agreement of 7.9 percent and without clinical diagnosis of 24.2 percent. The salivary glands lesions showed the high agreement for the 66.8 percent and for the bone tissue the non-odontogenic cysts occupied the first place of agreement for the 80.0 percent. There was an acceptable agreement higher than other similar studies. There is the possibility to improve these features by means of a continuous updating of the clinical diagnoses(AU)

Histopathologic features of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To retrospectively study histopathologic features of ulcerous colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) by endoscopic biopsy. Methods Data of age, gender and intestinal involvement of 106 cases of CD and 180 cases of UC confirmed by pathology were reviewed. Mucosal architecture, chronic inflammation, acute inflammation and epithelial features were evaluated based on histopathological criteria.These features were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with CD cases, UC showed significantly higher percentage of architectural disorders ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), lower percentage of discontinuous chronic inflammation ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) and higher incidence of cryptitis, crypt abscesses and polymorph cells in lamina propria (P ＜0. 05 ), and higher rate of epithelium damage, flattened and less mucous cell as well. Granuloma, pseudo pylorus glands metaplasia and narrow ulcer only occurred in CD cases. Lesions of 90% (162/180) cases of UC were limited to colon, while those of 28% (30/106) of CD cases to ileocecum, and those of 56% (59/106) CD cases involved different parts of gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion Diagnosis of CD and UC needs comprehensive analysis. Diagnostic evidence for CD includes focal involvement of ileocecum, the multifocal involvement in gastrointestinal tract, granuloma, discontinuous inflammation, pyloric gland metaplasia, while that for UC includes mucosal damage limited to colon, continuous chronic inflammation, architectural disorders, or epithelial damage.

Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy and Histopathologic Diagnosis in the Head and Neck Mass / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a safe and economical biospy technique which is widely applicable to palpable masses as a first-line procedure. Successful FNAC, however, demands high specimen quality and experience on the part of both the aspirator and the pathologist. We compared cytological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis in the head and neck region, in order to increase accuracy and solve any discrepancy in the two types of diagnoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 1996 through to July 1998, FNAC were carried out in 830 cases in palpable mass of the head and neck region in the Department of Pathology, Chonnam University Hospital. The major target sites were lymph nodes (61.4%), soft tissues (22.2%), and salivary glands (16.4%). Histopathological diagnoses were performed in 267 cases by surgical methods. Cytological reports were classified into the following diagnostic categories: non-tumor, tumor (benign, malignant: primary or metastatic). RESULTS: In a series of 267 cases, there were 70 non-tumor lesions (26.2%), 197 tumor lesions (73.8%), (benign: 77, malignant: 120). Lymph nodes were the most common anatomic sites for FNAC. The overall diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC were 95.5%, 98.8%, and 94.2% allowed an correct diagnosis between FNAC and histopathology. CONCLUSION: FNAC of the head and neck region is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool, especially when diagnosing metastatic carcinomas. Four major causes of error were identified: material adequacy criteria, sampling technique, cytological interpretation and limitations in the procedure. In particular, attention must be paid to subtle morphological changes when making detailed clinical pathological observations; this may help avoid discrepancies and achieve the right diagnosis.

Two Cases of Retinoblastoma Diagnosed by Fine needle Aspiration Biopsy

Retinoblastoma is a highly malignant intraocular tumor of childhood that requires accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. The diagnosis of retinoblastoma is based on the fundus finding and noninvasive radiologic evaluation, but sometimes retinoblastoma is clinically misdiagnosed as nonneoplastic lesion such as Coats' disease, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, toxocariasis and old retinal detachment and sometimes vice versa. We performed fine needle aspiration biopsies in two cases, in whom retinoblastoma or Coats' disease was suspected but there was diagnostic uncertainty on fundus finding, orbit CT or MRI. The cytologic diagnosis of two cases was retinoblastoma. And after enucleation final histopathologic diagnosis correlated with the cytodiagnosis. We think that fine needle aspiration biopsy may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis in difficult cases of childhood leukocoria including retionblastoma.