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RESUMEN El presente trabajo se corresponde con la investigación realizada sobre la resiliencia psicológica en atletas del equipo nacional de tenis de mesa y con la temática de Deporte de Alto Rendimiento. Tuvo como objetivo: elaborar una propuesta de programa de entrenamiento psicológico para estimular la resiliencia en atletas de las categorías Sub-18 y Sub-21 del Equipo Nacional de tenis de mesa. La necesidad de realizar estudios que exploren la resiliencia en el ámbito de la Psicología del Deporte revela la importancia y actualidad del tema, por la contribución de esta capacidad al rendimiento de los atletas durante el proceso de entrenamiento y competencia. Para cumplir con el objetivo de investigación, se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico como el análisis-síntesis y del nivel empírico: la observación, la entrevista, así como la escala de resiliencia y el cuestionario de afrontamiento al estrés. Los resultados principales permitieron constatar la presencia de niveles medio y alto de resiliencia psicológica en los atletas estudiados, se identificaron los factores protectores y de riesgo que influyen en el afrontamiento de eventos vitales y situaciones estresantes. Además, posibilitaron la elaboración de la propuesta del programa de entrenamiento psicológico, en correspondencia con la constatación realizada. La propuesta del programa estuvo constituida por 16 sesiones, dirigidas a estimular la resiliencia psicológica en el equipo nacional de Tenis de mesa; fue sometida a criterio de 11 especialistas para la evaluación en su diseño, viabilidad y utilidad, donde se obtuvo una alta valoración por parte de estos.
RESUMO O presente trabalho corresponde à investigação realizada sobre a resiliência psicológica em atletas da equipa nacional de Ténis de Mesa e com o tema do Desporto de Alto Rendimento. O seu objetivo era elaborar uma proposta de programa de treino psicológico para estimular a resiliência dos atletas das categorias sub-18 e sub-21 da equipa nacional de Ténis de Mesa. A necessidade de realizar estudos que explorem a resiliência na área da Psicologia do Desporto revela a importância e atualidade do tema, devido à contribuição desta capacidade para o desempenho dos atletas durante o processo de treino e competição. A fim de cumprir o objetivo da investigação, utilizámos métodos do nível teórico como a análise-síntese e do nível empírico: observação, entrevista, bem como a escala de resiliência e o questionário de resposta ao stress. Os principais resultados permitiram-nos confirmar a presença de níveis médios e elevados de resiliência psicológica nos atletas estudados, e identificar os fatores de proteção e de risco que influenciam o enfrentamento dos eventos da vida e das situações de stress. Além disso, permitiram a elaboração da proposta do programa de formação psicológica, em correspondência com os resultados. A proposta de programa consistiu em 16 sessões, destinadas a estimular a resiliência psicológica na equipa nacional de Ténis de Mesa; foi submetida aos critérios de 11 especialistas para a avaliação da sua concepção, viabilidade e utilidade, onde foi altamente valorizada por eles.
ABSTRACT The present work corresponds to the research carried out on psychological resilience in athletes of the national Table Tennis team and with the theme of High Performance Sports. Its objective was to elaborate a proposal for a psychological training program to stimulate resilience in athletes of the U-18 and U-21 categories of the national table tennis team. The need to conduct studies that explore resilience in the field of Sport Psychology reveals the importance and timeliness of the topic, due to the contribution of this capacity to the performance of athletes during the training and competition process. In order to fulfill the research objective, methods from the theoretical level such as analysis and synthesis and from the empirical level, observation, interview, as well as the Resilience Scale and the Stress Coping Questionnaire were used. The main results made it possible to confirm the presence of medium and high levels of psychological resilience in the athletes studied, it was identified the protective and risk factors that influence the coping with life events and stressful situations. In addition, they made possible the elaboration of the psychological training program proposal, in correspondence with the findings. The program proposal consisted of 16 sessions, aimed at stimulating psychological resilience in the national table tennis team; it was submitted to the criteria of 11 specialists for the evaluation of its design, feasibility and usefulness, where it was highly valued by them.
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Discute-se o estresse na vida acadêmica de estudantes concluintes de um curso de Psicologia da Região Norte do País. Metodologicamente, é uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem quantitativa, procedimento de campo e transversal, com amostra composta por 25 acadêmicos do décimo período do curso de psicologia de uma faculdade privada. O instrumento utilizado foi o Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp (ISSL). Os resultados foram analisados de forma quantitativa por meio da frequência simples e percentual, apontando que 72% dos acadêmicos entrevistados apresentam sintomas de estresse em um ou mais níveis (alerta, resistência e exaustão), enquanto o restante (28%) não apresentou sintomas de estresse em nenhum nível. Foi feito ainda recorte de gênero: o sexo feminino apareceu com maiores níveis de estresse. Em relação à faixa etária, os sujeitos com idades entre 36 a 42 anos mostraram-se os mais prejudicados. Faz-se recomendação de acompanhamento psicológico dos referidos acadêmicos.
This paper discusses the presence of stress in the academic life of students finishing a Psychology course in the North of Brazil. Methodologically, this cross-sectional study made use of an exploratory, quantitative approach, with field research. The sample was composed of 25 students of the tenth semester of a Psychology course of a private college. The study made use of the Lipps Inventory of Stress Symptoms (LISS). The results were quantitatively analyzed through simple frequency and percentage, indicating that 72% of the surveyed students display symptoms of stress in one or more levels (alarm, resistance and exhaustion), while the rest (28%) showed no stress symptoms at any level. As to gender, females appeared with higher levels of stress, and subjects aged 36-42 years were the most affected. It is recommended that the said students seek counseling.
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Humans , Adult , Psychology , Stress, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of group psychological training on the mental health and self consistency of nurses from operating rooms.Methods 52 nurses of an operating room were randomized into the treatment group(n=25)and the control group(n=27): The latter received humane care and instructions for mental self care and the former received group psychological training for 8 weeks based on the same treatment as in the control group.Symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)and self consistency and congruence scale(SCCS)were used to assess and compare the difference of the two groups before and after training.Results The intra-and inter-group comparisons between pre-and post-intervention showed statistical differences in terms of the total score by SCL,interpersonal sensitivity,depression and hostility,total score by SCCS and the score on the subscale of inconsistency between themselves and their experience(all P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Group psychological training can effectively improve the level of mental health and self consistency of OR nurses and thus can improve the total psychological status of the OR nurses.
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Objective To study the effect of adaptive group psychological training on mental quality and mental health of students in military university.Methods A total of 118 students were divided into two groups randomly:training group(n =60) and control group(n =58).Training group received group psychological training and read the textbook mental quality training for soldiers for 3 months.Armyman mental quality (AMQ) and Symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) were employed to evaluate the mental quality and mental health of students before and after training.All data were analyzed by paired-sample T test and test level was 0.05.Results ①AMQ scores of factors of aptitude,loyalty,bravery,self-confidence and willpower were increased significantly in training group post-training than pre-training (P ＜ 0.05) and there was no significant difference in those factors in control group after training (P ＞ 0.05).②SCL-90 scores of factors of obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and psychotism as well as the mean score were decreased significantly in training group post-training than pre-training (P ＜0.05) and only the score of psychotism factor was decreased in control group post-training (P ＜ 0.05).③Scores of trait anxiety inventory (TAI) were decreased significantly in training group post-training than pre-training (P ＜ 0.05) and there was no significant difference in those of control group post-training (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Group psychological training can improve mental quality and mental health of students in military university.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of adaptive group psychological training on mental quality and emotion of soldiers.MethodsA total of 48 soldiers ( experiment group) received group psychological training and read a textbook,Mental Quality Training for soldiers,for 3 months,and the other 45 soldiers served as control group.Armyman mental quality inventory (AMQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI) were employed to evaluate the mental quality and emotion of soldiers before and after training.All data were analyzed by paired-sample t test.Results ①As compared with pre-training,the AMQI scores of training group increased significantly in bravery ( 71.50 ± 9.59 ),self-confidence ( 68.24 ± 8.36 ),aptitude ( 74.54 ± 10.81 ),loyalty(75.29 ± 8.08 ) and general score ( 359.07 ± 20.30 ) (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference were found in those of control group(P ＞ 0.05 ).②When compared with pre-training,the scores of SDS (39.00 ±8.38),SAI(40.14 ±9.92),TAI(41.16 ±7.47) and STAI(81.30 ± 12.52) of training group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference was found in those of control group(P ＞0.05 ).ConclusionGroup psychological training can improve mental quality of soldiers,which is helpful to relax anxiety and depression of soldiers.
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Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo considerar o processo de estruturação da ansiedade dentro da teoria de Desenvolvimento Psicossocial de Erik Erikson e discutir a questão da limitação dos estudos de ansiedade no esporte. Desse modo, parte-se do entendimento de que os mecanismos de ansiedade no contexto esportivo podem influenciar no desempenho dos atletas e que, portanto, uma metodologia de intervenção diante desse fenômeno precisa ser feita. Assim, é discutida a necessidade de um sistema de estruturação de treinamento psicológico para que os atletas possam atuar com mais equilíbrio e lidar com situações de estresse no contexto do esporte competitivo.
This review aims to consider the process of structuring the anxiety within the theory of Psychosocial Development Erik Erikson and discuss the issue of limitation of the studies of anxiety in sports. Thus, it is understood that the mechanisms of anxiety in the sporting context can influence the performance of athletes and therefore a methodology for action ahead of this phenomenon needs to be done. Thus, it discussed the need for a system of structuring of psychological training so that athletes can act with greater balance and deal with stress in the context of competitive sports.
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To explore the effects of psychological behavior training on the physical stress level of submariners, 42 submariners were divided into two groups, namely experimental group and control group. The submariners in the former group received psychological behavior training for one week. The level of physical stress was determined after being asked to creep through water-filled torpedo launching tube before and after training. The results showed that the changes in physical stress level of subjects in the experimental group were significantly smaller than that of the control group(t=-3.421～-2.415, P
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Objective:To explore the effect of psychological training on self consistency and congruence of army men. Methods:532 army men were tested by Self Consistency and Congruence Scale(SCCS)、EPQ、simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)and SCL-90. Results:There were significant difference in score of SCCS between army men group and norm.There were significant correlation between factor scores of SCCS and scores of EPQ,SCSQ and SCL-90. After psychological training,the study group had higher score in flexibility than that of norm. The study group had higher score in flexibility and positive coping style than control group,and lower scores in P and N of EPQ,total score,obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostility,paranoid ideation and psychoticism of SCL-90 than control. Conclusion:Self consistency and congruence level of army men were associated with personality, coping style and mental health. The psychological training has effect on balancing personality,facilitating self consistency,improving coping style and the psychological status of army men.