Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of different parts of Prunella vulgaris by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UPLC / 中国中药杂志

Prunellae Spica is the dried spica of Prunella vulgaris belonging to Labiatae and it is widely used in pharmaceutical and general health fields. As a traditional Chinese medicine cultivated on a large scale, it produces a large amount of non-medicinal parts, which are discarded because they are not effectively used. To analyze the chemical constituents in the different samples from spica, seed, stem, and leaf of P. vulgaris, and explore the application value and development prospect of these parts, this study used ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupoles time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) to detect chemical constituents in different parts of P. vulgaris. As a result, 117 compounds were detected. Among them, 87 compounds were identified, including 32 phenolic acids, 8 flavonoids, and 45 triterpenoid saponins. Some new triterpenoid saponins containing the sugar chain with 4-6 sugar units were found. Further, multivariate statistical analysis was conducted on BPI chromatographic peaks of multiple batches of different parts, and the results showed that spica had the most abundant chemical constituents, including salviaflaside and linolenic acid highly contained in the seed and phenolic acids, flavonoids, and triterpenoid saponins in the stem and leaf. In general, the constituents in the spica were composed of those in the seed, stem, and leaf. UPLC was used to determine the content of 6 phenolic acids(danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salviaflaside, and rosmarinic acid) in different parts. The content of other phenolic acids in the seed was generally lower than that in the spica except that of salviaflaside. The content of salviaflaside in the spica was higher than that in the stem and leaf, but the content of other phenolic acids in the spica was not significantly different from that in the stem. The content of protocatechuic aldehyde and caffeic acid in the spica was lower than that in the leaf. DPPH free radical scavenging method was used to detect the antioxidant activity of four parts, and there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between the spica and the stem and leaf, but that was significantly higher than the seed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of these parts was correlated with the content of total phenolic acids. Based on the above findings, the stem and leaf of P. vulgaris have potential application value. Considering the traditional medication rule, it is feasible to use the whole plant as a medicine. Alternatively, salviaflaside, occurring in the seed, can be used as a marker compound for the quality evaluation of Prunellae Spica, if only using spica as the medicinal part of P. vulgaris, as described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).

Determination of five bioactive constituents in wild grown and cultivated Prunella vulgaris by HPLC / 中草药

Objective: To compare the contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids in wild grown and cultivated Prunella vulgaris from various habitats, an HPLC method was established for simultaneous determination of five bioactive compounds (rosmarinic acid, salviaflaside, caffeic acid, rutin, and luteolin). Methods: The Agilent 5HC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted with a gradient eluent system composed of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution at the temperature of 30℃. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. Independent t-test (t-test), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and correlation analysis were applied to analyzing and evaluating wild grown and cultivated P. vulgaris. Results: The t-test results showed that the contents difference of rosmarinic acid, rutin, caffeic acid, and luteolin had statistical significance (P 0.05). According to the result of HCA, most of the cultivated and wild materials could be differentiated. The result of correlation analysis showed that the ear length has no significant influence on the contents of main compounds in P. vulgaris. Conclusion: The determination method is simple and feasible, and it can be used as one of the quality evaluation method of P. vulgaris.

Chemical constituents of roots of salvia plebeia / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Salvia plebeia R.Br.

Quantitative analysis of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish an effective HPLC method for determinating the contents of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris. METHODS: An Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used with gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(1.0% acetic acid) at a flow rate of 1.1 mL · min-1. UV detection wavelength was 319 nm, and the column temperature was 30°C, the sample injection volume was 10 μL. RESULTS: Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.0067-4.2 μg and 0.047-9.4 μg for salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid, respectively. The method recoveries of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid were 99.99% and 100.2%, RSDs were 1.13% and 1.64%, respectively. The contents of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid were more than 0.1‰ and 1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The HPLC method is simple, rapid, accurate and suitable for the determination of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid, which can be used for the quality control of Prunella vulgaris L. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.