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1.
Int. j. med. surg. sci. (Print) ; 8(1): 1-12, mar. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1151620

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la prescripción de los medicamentos ansiolíticos utilizados en población de adultos mayores institucionalizados en el hogar de ancianos de Pinar del Río durante el año 2017.Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, con recogida de datos retrospectiva, sobre prescripción de medicamentos ansiolíticos en la población de adultos mayores institucionalizados en el hogar de ancianos, se analizó la forma de utilización de los medicamentos, su indicación y prescripción con elementos de esquema terapéutico y factores que condicionan los hábitos de prescripción. Se trabajó con el universo (U= 98) de estudio el cual estuvo conformado por el total de pacientes institucionalizados, que estaban consumiendo ansiolíticos. Se revisaron las historias clínicas individuales y se confeccionó un modelo de recolección de datos.El medicamento más consumido por los adultos mayores fue el nitrazepam (41,8 %), siendo este a su vez el más consumido por el sexo masculino, no así para el femenino que resultó ser el clorodiazepóxido (64,6 %), el grupo de edad que más predominó fue el de 60-69 años, asimismo los viudos y el nivel educacional primario, el 79,5 % de los ancianos consume otros medicamentos que poseen interacción farmacocinética. El profesional que más indicó fue el médico de familia, la prescripción e intervalos entre dosis fue adecuada, la prescripción se consideró no racional.La prescripción de ansiolíticos en la población objeto de estudio, disminuye a medida que aumenta la edad, los más consumidores son los del sexo masculino y los institucionalizados por abandono familiar, esto apunta a la necesidad de continuar trabajando desde el nivel primario de atención dado que es de donde proceden estos ancianos.


The objective of this study was to characterize the prescription of anxiolytic medications used in the institutionalized elderly population at the Pinar del Río Nursing Home during 2017.A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, with retrospective data collection, on the prescription of anxiolytic medications in the population of institutionalized older adults in the Nursing Home, the form of use of the medications, their indication and prescription with elements of the therapeutic scheme was analyzed and factors that condition prescription habits. We worked with the universe (U = 98) of the study, which was made up of the total number of institutionalized patients who were consuming anxiolytics. Individual medical records were reviewed and a data collection model was created.The drug most consumed by older adults was nitrazepam (41.8%), this in turn being the most consumed by males, not so for females, which turned out to be chlorodiazepoxide (64.6%), the group The most prevalent age group was 60-69 years, likewise widowers and primary educational level, 79.5% of the elderly consume other drugs that have pharmacokinetic interaction. The professional who indicated the most was the family doctor, the prescription and intervals between doses were adequate, the prescription was considered non-rational.The prescription of anxiolytics in the population under study decreases as age increases, the most consumers are those of the male sex and those institutionalized due to family abandonment, this points to the need to continue working from the primary level of care since that is where these elders come from.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Drug Prescriptions , Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Homes for the Aged , Nitrazepam/therapeutic use , Nursing Homes , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 52(11): e8899, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039258

ABSTRACT

Few behavioral tests allow measuring several characteristics and most require training, complex analyses, and/or are time-consuming. We present an apparatus based on rat exploratory behavior. Composed of three different environments, it allows the assessment of more than one behavioral characteristic in a short 3-min session. Factorial analyses have defined three behavioral dimensions, which we named Exploration, Impulsivity, and Self-protection. Behaviors composing the Exploration factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide and apomorphine and decreased by pentylenetetrazole. Behaviors composing the Impulsivity factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide, apomorphine, and both acute and chronic imipramine treatments. Behaviors composing the Self-protection factor were decreased by apomorphine. We submitted Wistar rats to the open-field test, the elevated-plus maze, and to the apparatus we are proposing. Measures related to exploratory behavior in all three tests were correlated. Measures composing the factors Impulsivity and Self-protection did not correlate with any measures from the two standard tests. Also, compared with existing impulsivity tests, the one we proposed did not require previous learning, training, or sophisticated analysis. Exploration measures from our test are as easy to obtain as the ones from other standard tests. Thus, we have proposed an apparatus that measured three different behavioral characteristics, was simple and fast, did not require subjects to be submitted to previous learning or training, was sensitive to drug treatments, and did not require sophisticated data analyses.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Anxiety/psychology , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Behavioral Research/instrumentation , Exploratory Behavior/physiology , Fear/physiology , Impulsive Behavior/physiology , Time Factors , Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Apomorphine/pharmacology , Chlordiazepoxide/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Maze Learning/drug effects , GABA Antagonists/pharmacology , Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology , Exploratory Behavior/drug effects , Fear/drug effects , Impulsive Behavior/drug effects , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/pharmacology
3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(3): 310-313, Jul-Sep/2014.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723917

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the use of a therapeutic regimen to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients. Methods A total of 140 patients initially underwent physical, neurological and laboratory evaluation. Thereafter, treatment was initiated with a compounding product consisting of a tricyclic antidepressant and an anxiolytic. Results The response was positive in 71.43% of patients in controlling hyperactivity and improving dispersion and attention deficit. Conclusion The therapeutic regimen utilized proved to be an effective therapeutic alternative, especially for patients who do not adapt to psychostimulant drugs. .


Objetivo Avaliar a aplicação de um esquema terapêutico para o tratamento do transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade. Métodos Os 140 pacientes foram submetidos inicialmente à avaliação clínico-neurológica e laboratorial. Posteriormente, foi iniciado um tratamento com medicamento formulado composto por um antidepressivo tricíclico e um ansiolítico. Resultados A resposta foi positiva em 71,43% dos pacientes no controle da hiperatividade e na melhoria do quadro de dispersão e desatenção. Conclusão O esquema terapêutico aplicado se mostrou uma alternativa terapêutica eficaz, especialmente para os pacientes que não se adaptam aos medicamentos psicoestimulantes. .


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/therapeutic use , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
4.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2014. XIII, 62 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-760536

ABSTRACT

O presente volume constitui requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor pelo Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde, área de concentração Saúde Coletiva, do Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz(FIOCRUZ). Ele é constituído por dois artigos que apresentam resultados relativos a dois estudos qualitativos sobre a percepção de idosos sobre os benzodiazepínicos.Os dois artigos inserem-se em um estudo mais amplo sobre envelhecimento e saúde, o Projeto Bambuí, desenvolvido na cidade de mesmo nome, no sudoeste de Minas Gerais. Os dados analisados para produção dos dois artigos foram coletados,por meio de entrevistas não estruturadas, junto a 22 idosos não institucionalizados,residentes na cidade. O primeiro artigo, intitulado, “Uso crônico de benzodizepínicos entre idosos: nervoso controlado, alívio garantido”, analisa as motivações apontadas pelos idosos para a utilização desta medicação,considerando questões ligadas ao processo de obtenção dessa medicação e o vínculo dos usuários com o medicamento. No segundo artigo, que intitula-se, “Uso de benzodiazepínicos entre idosos: o alívio de poder ‘jogar água no fogo’, não pensar e dormir”, o foco da investigação é a percepção do usuário quanto ao uso de benzodiazepínico, considerando questões ligadas ao risco de desenvolvimento de dependência física e psicológica, em um cenário de uso crônico...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anxiety/drug therapy , Chlordiazepoxide/adverse effects , Aged/psychology
5.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2014. XIII, 62 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-940873

ABSTRACT

O presente volume constitui requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor pelo Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde, área de concentração Saúde Coletiva, do Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz(FIOCRUZ). Ele é constituído por dois artigos que apresentam resultados relativos a dois estudos qualitativos sobre a percepção de idosos sobre os benzodiazepínicos.Os dois artigos inserem-se em um estudo mais amplo sobre envelhecimento e saúde, o Projeto Bambuí, desenvolvido na cidade de mesmo nome, no sudoeste de Minas Gerais. Os dados analisados para produção dos dois artigos foram coletados,por meio de entrevistas não estruturadas, junto a 22 idosos não institucionalizados,residentes na cidade. O primeiro artigo, intitulado, “Uso crônico de benzodizepínicos entre idosos: nervoso controlado, alívio garantido”, analisa as motivações apontadas pelos idosos para a utilização desta medicação,considerando questões ligadas ao processo de obtenção dessa medicação e o vínculo dos usuários com o medicamento. No segundo artigo, que intitula-se, “Uso de benzodiazepínicos entre idosos: o alívio de poder ‘jogar água no fogo’, não pensar e dormir”, o foco da investigação é a percepção do usuário quanto ao uso de benzodiazepínico, considerando questões ligadas ao risco de desenvolvimento de dependência física e psicológica, em um cenário de uso crônico.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Aged/psychology , Anxiety/drug therapy , Chlordiazepoxide/adverse effects
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 41(1): 54-59, Jan. 2008. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-469972

ABSTRACT

The learned helplessness (LH) paradigm is characterized by learning deficits resulting from inescapable events. The aims of the present study were to determine if protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) alters learning deficits induced by LH and if the neurochemical changes induced by malnutrition alter the reactivity to treatment with GABA-ergic and serotonergic drugs during LH. Well-nourished (W) and PCM Wistar rats (61 days old) were exposed or not to inescapable shocks (IS) and treated with gepirone (GEP, 0.0-7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, N = 128) or chlordiazepoxide (0.0-7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, N = 128) 72 h later, 30 min before the test session (30 trials of escape learning). The results showed that rats exposed to IS had higher escape latency than non-exposed rats (12.6 ± 2.2 vs 4.4 ± 0.8 s) and that malnutrition increased learning impairment produced by LH. GEP increased the escape latency of W animals exposed or non-exposed to IS, but did not affect the response of PCM animals, while chlordiazepoxide reduced the escape deficit of both W and PCM rats. The data suggest that PCM animals were more sensitive to the impairment produced by LH and that PCM led to neurochemical changes in the serotonergic system, resulting in hyporeactivity to the anxiogenic effects of GEP in the LH paradigm.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , GABA Modulators/pharmacology , Helplessness, Learned , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/drug therapy , Pyrimidines/pharmacology , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Analysis of Variance , Body Weight , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Chlordiazepoxide/pharmacology , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Escape Reaction/drug effects , Escape Reaction/physiology , GABA Modulators/therapeutic use , Learning Disabilities/etiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/physiopathology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/psychology , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use
7.
Journal of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2007; 9 (2): 95-101
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-83918

ABSTRACT

Premedication is used for preparing patients before operation in order to induce sedation, homodynamic stability, analgesia, and prevention of nausea and vomiting. The side effects of the drugs and amnesia also need consideration. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Lorazpam and Chlordiazpoxide as premedication in prevention of recall perioperative events, following general anesthesia. This clinical trial was carried out during October 1997 to March 1999 on 128 adult patients who had inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to two groups. The patients in group 1 each received 2mg lorazpam and in group 2 each received l0mg chlordiazpoxide at night before operation and again at the morning of operation. Twenty-four hours after operation, all patients were asked about perioperative events and then scores of amnesia were specified for all patients of the two groups. The data were analyzed by U-Mann Whitney and chi-square tests. The patients ranged between 20 to 50 years of age. The mean age in group 1 [Lorazpam] and group 2 [chlordiazpoxide] were 38 +/- 3.9 and 39.3 +/ 2.8, respectively [P>0.05]. The results showed that Lorazpam group recalled perioperative events were less than those of chlordiazpoxide group [P<0.05]. It was found that induced amnesia with Lorazpam was significantly more than that of chlordiazpoxide, suggesting that Lorazpam may be preferable as a premedication before operation


Subject(s)
Humans , Preanesthetic Medication , Lorazepam , Anesthesia, General/adverse effects , Chlordiazepoxide , Perioperative Care
8.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 54(4): 270-276, out.-dez. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-438320

ABSTRACT

O consumo do álcool e os problemas associados ao seu excesso vêm aumentando no Brasil. Na prática psiquiátrica, casos de difícil tratamento são freqüentes, tornando-se um desafio mesmo para os profissionais experientes. Neste artigo, após o relato de caso de uma paciente apresentando várias complicações associadas ao alcoolismo, os autores fazem comentários sobre a apresentação clínica e os recursos terapêuticos utilizados. São apresentados dados da literatura sobre a epidemiologia do consumo de álcool e dos problemas associados ao seu uso abusivo. Os autores discutem informações da literatura recente sobre as pesquisas genéticas, a interação entre a genética e o ambiente e as abordagens terapêuticas, incluindo os agentes farmacológicos promissores e as intervenções psicossociais recomendadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Alcoholism/drug therapy , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use , Imipramine/therapeutic use
9.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 618-620, 2004.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-302750

ABSTRACT

<p><b>AIM</b>To establish a method for the determination of the five components (reserpine, chlordiazepoxide, hydrochlorothiazide, dihydralazine sulfate, triamterene) in compound hypotensive tablet.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The chromatography was performed using a CN column with acetontrile-0.1 mol L(-1) sodium heptasulfonate solution (7:3) and (5:5) as the mobile phases. The detection wavelength was 267 nm for reserpine, chlordiazepoxide and hydrochlorothiazide, 310 nm for dihydralazine sulfate, 360 nm for triamterene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range of each component was tested, and the recovery and stability of each component was satisfactory, three lots of samples were determined using the method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This is an accurate and credible quality control method for compound hypotensive tablet.</p>


Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents , Chemistry , Chlordiazepoxide , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Dihydralazine , Drug Combinations , Hydrochlorothiazide , Quality Control , Reserpine , Tablets , Triamterene
10.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 52(2): 97-107, mar.-abr. 2003. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-366282

ABSTRACT

O tratamento de doenças psiquiátricas na gravidez é complexo, implicando decisões clínicas difíceis, sem contar-se com dados da literatura que embasem aplamente estas decisões. O transtorno afetivo bipolar é comum em mulheres em idade fértil, e há alto risco de ocorrência de manifestações clínicas na gravidez e no período pós-parto. Os autores revisam o conhecimento atual sobre o uso de psicotrópicos para episódio maníaco na gravidez e o efeito no desenvolvimento fetal e da criança. Enfatizam que, hoje, o uso de psicotrópicos na gravidez é apropriado em muitas situações clínicas, mas nenhuma decisão é completamente isenta de risco. Também apresentam uma proposta de manejo da doença em relação ao uso de psicotrópicos na gravidez, para pacientes com transtorno bipolar, e para aquelas que desejam engravidar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Bipolar Disorder , Pregnancy Complications/psychology , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Valproic Acid , Valproic Acid/adverse effects , Alprazolam , Anticonvulsants , Carbamazepine , Chlorpromazine , Clonazepam , Chlordiazepoxide , Chlordiazepoxide/adverse effects , Clozapine , Diazepam , Haloperidol , Levomepromazinum , Lithium , Lorazepam , Methotrimeprazine , Risperidone , Thioridazine , Trifluoperazine
12.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 51(3): 145-151, jun. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-316920

ABSTRACT

Os benzodiazepínicos estäo entre os fármacos mais amplamente utilizados pela populaçäo, tanto de forma prescrita quanto por automedicaçäo. Como estima-se que cerca de 50 por cento das gestações näo sejam planejadas, é um evento comum para o médico deparar-se com uma gestante que fez uso de tais substâncias inadvertidamente durante os estágios iniciais de gravidez, na maior parte das vezes sem uma real indicaçäo. No sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Agentes Teratogênicos de Porto Alegre (Siat), pertencente ao Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, foram realizadas 3.107 consultas, sendo que 5,5 por cento se deviam ao uso de benzodiazepínicos, o que evidencia seu uso na populaçäo de gestantes como preocupante. Apesar de os primeiros estudos sobre a teratogenicidade dos benzodiazepínicos em seres humanos terem apontado para um aumento significativo na taxa de malformaçäo congênitas, estudos posteriores näo confirmaram este achado. Em relaçäo a efeitos nas crianças expostas intra-útero, apesar de um risco potencial demonstrado por estudos experimentais, näo há evidências, até o momento, de alterações neurocomportamentais nos estudos a longo prazo, nos quais instrumentos de mensuraçäo ainda säo limitados para a detecçäo de alterações tênues no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Contudo os benzodiazepínicos, quando usados por um período prolongado durante a gravidez, podem afetar adversamente o neonato e, como outras substâncias com açäo sobre o sistema nervoso central, säo potenciais teratógenos neurocomportamentais. Assim, o seu uso deve ser evitado a restrito somente às raras situações nas quais o benefício terapêutico para a mäe sobrepõe-se ao seu potencial risco para o recém-nascido


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Pregnancy , Mice , Rabbits , Rats , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced , Anti-Anxiety Agents , Anxiety , Cleft Lip , Cleft Palate , Diazepam , Fetus , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Alprazolam , Bromazepam , Chlordiazepoxide , Clonazepam , Flunitrazepam , Lorazepam , Midazolam , Oxazepam
13.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 50(5/6): 181-188, maio-jun. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-306841

ABSTRACT

Os benzodiazepínicos estäo entre os fármacos mais amplamente utilizados pela populaçäo, tanto sob forma de prescriçäo como através da automedicaçäo. Estima-se que cerca de 50 por cento das gestaçöes näo säo planejadas e, entre elas, é comum o uso de tais substâncias. No Sistema Nacional de Informaçäo sobre Agentes Teratogênicos de Porto Alegre (Siat), pertecente ao Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, foram atendidas 3.107 consultas, sendo que 5,5 por cento se deviam ao uso de benzodiazepínicos. Apesar de os primeiros estudos sobre a teratogenicidade dos benzodiazepínicos em seres humano terem apontado para um aumento significativo na taxa de malformaçöes congênitas, estudos posteriores näo confirmaram este achado. Em relaçäo aos efeitos a longo prazo em crianças expostas intra-útero, näo há evidências, até o momento, de alteraçöes neurocomportamentais nos estudos a longo prazo. Contudo, os benzodiazepínicos, quando usados durante um período prolongado na gravidez, podem afetar adversamente o neonato e, como outras substâncias com açäo sobre o sistema nervoso central, säo potenciais teratógenos. Assim, o seu uso deve ser evitado e restrito somente às raras situaçöes na qual o benefício terapêutico para a mäe sobrepöe o seu potencial risco para o recém-nascido


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Animals , Humans , Female , Alprazolam , Anti-Anxiety Agents , Bromazepam , Clonazepam , Chlordiazepoxide/adverse effects , Diazepam , Fetus , Flunitrazepam , Lorazepam , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Midazolam , Oxazepam , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology , Teratogens
14.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 2001 Jan; 45(1): 111-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-108933

ABSTRACT

Differential degree of tolerance has been reported to develop for anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant effects of benzodiazepines (BZDs). Acute treatment with BZDs reportedly reduces the formation of gastric stress ulcers and attenuates stress-induced immunosuppression. The present study investigates whether tolerance develops to these antistress effects of BZDs by using diazepam and chlordiazepoxide as representative drugs. A single dose of diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.p.) or chlordiazepoxide (20 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant reduction in locomotor activity, a measure of sedative effect and antagonized the effect of restraint stress (RS) on gastric mucosal lesions and anti-sheep red blood cell (SRBC) antibody titre. With chronic treatment (X 7 d), there was a marked tolerance to the sedative effect of both the studied BZD drugs, while much less tolerance developed to their ulcer protective action. However, no tolerance was observed to the attenuating effect of diazepam and chlordiazepoxide on RS-induced immunosuppression. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that different mechanisms may be involved in the development of tolerance to the sedative, antiulcer and immunomodulatory effects of BZDs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology , Benzodiazepines/pharmacology , Chlordiazepoxide/pharmacology , Diazepam/pharmacology , Drug Tolerance/physiology , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Hypnotics and Sedatives/pharmacology , Male , Motor Activity/drug effects , Rats , Stomach Ulcer , Stress, Physiological/blood
15.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1997 Mar; 35(3): 222-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-58526

ABSTRACT

Effects of stress and its modulation by adaptogens were evaluated on gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity in different tissues of the lymphoid system in rats. Restrain stress (RSx5) suppressed the GGT activity in different tissues of lymphoid system viz. the lymphocyte, the spleen, the thymus and the macrophage, and the maximum effect was seen in the spleen. Chlordiazepoxide, a prototype anti-stress agent, which did not alter GGT activity per se, reversed the effect of RS on this enzyme activity in tissues of lymphoid system studied. Azardirachta indica (Al, Neem), an indigenous adaptogen stimulated the GGT activity per se and nearly normalised RS induced suppression of GGT in lymphoid system. The observed suppression of GGT activity in lymphoid system by stress and its modulation by natural and synthetic adaptogens indicates that GGT could be a consistent cellular/biochemical marker of stress responsiveness and stress-induced immunomodulation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Chlordiazepoxide/pharmacology , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Lymphoid Tissue/drug effects , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/drug effects
16.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1995 Apr; 39(2): 157-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-107399

ABSTRACT

Hyperphagia was induced in mice by p.o. administration of different types of CNS depressant drugs, like chlordiazepoxide 25 mg/kg diazepam 2.5 mg/kg, cyproheptadine 2 mg/kg and phenobarbitone 25 mg/kg. Such hyperphagia was abolished by pretreatment with naloxone 0.1 mg/kg sc. Naloxone per se at this dose produced no significant effect on the food intake. This is suggestive of the role of peptidergic mechanisms in the feeding behaviour in mice.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Anxiety Agents/toxicity , Central Nervous System Depressants/administration & dosage , Chlordiazepoxide/administration & dosage , Cyproheptadine/administration & dosage , Diazepam/administration & dosage , Eating/drug effects , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Female , Histamine Antagonists/toxicity , Hypnotics and Sedatives/toxicity , Male , Mice , Naloxone/administration & dosage , Phenobarbital/administration & dosage , beta-Endorphin/physiology
17.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1994 Mar; 32(3): 184-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-55671

ABSTRACT

Effects of prenatal undernutrition and chlordiazepoxide treatment on learning acquisition, and subsequent retention, of a black/white discrimination task, was assessed in the offspring. Undernutrition of the dams was induced by restricting food intake to half, throughout the period of gestation, whereas chlordiazepoxide (2.5 mg/kg, ip) treatment was given from day 13 to 20 of gestation, this being the critical period for neural development in this species. The pups born were subjected to brightness discrimination learning, and retention of the learning acquisition after an interval of one week, in a single unit black/white T-maze, at 8-9 weeks of age. The results indicate that prenatal undernutrition induces significant learning and retention deficits in the offspring. Prenatally administered chlordiazepoxide induced significant deficits in learning acquisition and subsequent retention of the discrimination problem. Chlordiazepoxide induced similar learning and retention deficits in the normal and undernourished rats, and exaggerated the learning and retention deficits induced by undernutrition. The results indicated that the prenatal insults in the form of undernourishment and anxiolytic benzodiazepine compounds, leave a lasting imprint on cognitive behaviour of the offspring.


Subject(s)
Animals , Birth Weight/drug effects , Chlordiazepoxide/toxicity , Color , Conditioning, Operant , Discrimination Learning/drug effects , Female , Food Deprivation , Growth Disorders/etiology , Learning/drug effects , Male , Nutrition Disorders , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Rats , Retention, Psychology/drug effects , Spatial Behavior
18.
Medicentro ; 5(2): 313-22, jul.-dic. 1989. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-106080

ABSTRACT

Se describen los resultados obtenidos en 12 pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico de Santa Clara desde julio de 1987 hasta diciembre de 1988, los cuales recibieron tratamiento con hemoperfusión. De ellos 10 correspondían a intoxicaciones exógenas agudas y 2 a comas hepáticos. Se analizan las causas que motivaron la hemoperfusiónm, fármacos más utilizados, criterios para su aplicación, complicaciones y resultados. Las complicaciones fueron pocas y de fácil correlación. Se concluye que la hemoabsorción es una técnica posible de aplicación a nuestro centro


Subject(s)
Amitriptyline/toxicity , Chlordiazepoxide/toxicity , Formaldehyde/toxicity , Hemoperfusion , Liver Diseases/chemically induced , Phenobarbital/toxicity
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-24016

ABSTRACT

Among 169 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), standard therapy (with clidinium bromide, chlordiazepoxide and isaphaghulla), a compound Ayurvedic preparation (with Aegle marmelos correa plus Bacopa monniere Linn) along with a matching placebo were given in a double blind randomised trial for 6 wk. The Ayurvedic preparation in 57 patients was found effective in 64.9 per cent, while standard therapy (60 patients) was useful in 78.3 per cent. Patients on placebo (52 patients) showed improvement in 32.7 per cent only. Ayurvedic therapy was particularly beneficial in diarrhoea predominant form as compared to placebo. The standard therapy was more useful in the painful form of IBS as compared to placebo and Ayurvedic preparation. In gas predominant form the effect of standard as well as Ayurvedic therapy, was similar to placebo. Long-term follow-up (greater than 6 months) showed that both forms of therapy were no better than placebo in limiting the relapse.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Colonic Diseases, Functional/drug therapy , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Medicine, Ayurvedic , Middle Aged , Plants, Medicinal , Quinuclidines/therapeutic use , Quinuclidinyl Benzilate/analogs & derivatives , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
20.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 45(8): 308-13, ago. 1988. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-67426

ABSTRACT

O autor estuda 60 pacientes ambulatoriais, apresentando diagnóstico de depressäo maior, segundo critérios da DSM-III. Divide-os em dois grupos de 30 cada um: Para o primeiro é prescrita uma associaçäo medicamentosa de imipramina e clordiazepóxido, respectivamente, 100 e 40 mg/dia, e o segundo é colocado sob terapêutca psicológica. O grupo tratado com a medicaçäo apresentou melhora estatisticamente significante a partir da primeira semana, no que diz respeito à ansiedade correlata a estes casos, e - a partir da segunda semana - começou a apresentar a diminuiçäo da sintomatologia depressiva, avaliados ambos os parâmetros pelos testes de Hamilton de depressäo e de ansiedade (sintomas objetivos) e de Zung para depressäo e ansiedade, uma avaliaçäo feita pelos próprios pacientes, quanto aos seus sintomas subjetivos. A incidência de efeitos colaterais no grupo tratado foi pequena e houve somente dois casos refratários à terapêutica medicamentosa. O grupo tratado com psicoterapia somente foi obrigado, após o período de ensaio, a empreender uma terapêutica medicamentosa para alcançar o mesmo nível de sucesso obtido pelo grupo tratado com medicamento. Conclui-se pela importância do tratamento medicamentoso na depressäo maior, mas o esquema ideal preconizaria a concomitância do uso da medicaçäo e da psicoterapia


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , Depression/therapy , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Psychotherapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Therapy, Combination
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